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EU-MED Event23rd and 24th October 2007
Session
Governments are the mainstakeholders of NRENs
[email protected]@garr.it
Questions:
1-Are governments the mainstakeholders of NRENs?
2-Should governments be themain stakeholders of NRENs?
EV. EUMed event, 24 oct. 2007, Brussels 3
The process for building the pan-The process for building the pan-europeaneuropeanresearch networkresearch network
▶ GEANT2 2004-2008 34 countries dark fibre and wavelenghts (FP6-GN2 project)▶ GÉANT 2001-2004 32 countries 2.5-10 Gbps Backbone IP (FP5-GN1 Project)▶ TEN-155 1998-2001 19 countries 155-622 Mbps Backbone IP, ATM (FP4-QUANTUM Project)▶ TEN-34 1997-1998 18 countries 34 Mbps Backbone IP, ATM (FP4-TEN34 Project)▶ EuropaNET 1993-1997 18 countries 2 Mbps Backbone IP, CDN (FP3)▶ COSINE 1986-1993 15 countries 64 Kbps Backbone IP, X25 (FP2)
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GÉANT2GÉANT2
▶ 15+ NRENsinterconnectedwithin the DarkFibre (DF)“cloud”
▶ 20 NRENs vialeased “lambda”and SDHcircuits
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GN2 projectGN2 project▶ Co-funded by the European Commission (EC) as an Integrated
Infrastructure Initiative (6th Framework Program for RTD)▶ Combining in a single contract, several activities essential to
reinforce research infrastructures and to provide an integratedservice at the European level▶ Networking activities▶ Provision of access to transnational users▶ Joint Research Activities
▶ 32 partners▶ 30 NRENs + DANTE + TERENA
▶ Total budget: 178.643.730 €▶ EC contribution: 93.000.000 €▶ Duration: 4 years (Sep 2004 – Aug 2008)
The EU (GN2) subsidy covers < 1% of the total Research &Education Networking European Infrastructure:Campus LAN / MAN-WAN NREN / GÉANT-GÉANT2(Assuming Cost factoring 100 / 10 / 1)
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South Eastern European R&E Networking South Eastern European R&E Networking ––SEEREN2SEEREN2▶ 80% funding by the European
Commission (100% for SEEREN1in FP5, 2002-2004) managed byGRNET (Greek NREN)
▶ Beneficiary NRENs of Albania,Bosnia-Herzegovina, FYR ofMacedonia, Serbia &Montenegro (+ partner NRENsof Bulgaria, Greece, Hungary,Romania + DANTE & TERENA)
▶ Current SEEREN2 - GEANT2connectivity: 155 622 Mbpsvia the GÉANT2 subscriptionsof GRNET, RoEduNet, ISTF andHUNGARNET - cross borderdark fiber betweenHUNGARNET – AMREJ(leapfrogging)
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The The italianitalian NREN GARR and its networks NREN GARR and its networks
GARR acronym means: Harmonization and Synergy betweenAcademy and Research in the field of Networking
▶ 1973-1990: CNR, ENEA,INFN and UniversitiesNetworks (6 independent networks in total)
▶ 1989: GARR set up as virtual Consortium (with theblessing of italian Ministry for University and Research)
▶ 1990-1993: GARR-1, first common network @2Mbps▶ 1994-1997: GARR-2, GARR-1 evolution to 34Mbps▶ 1998-2002: GARR-B (Broadband) at 155M and 2.5G▶ 2003: Consortium GARR becomes a legal entity▶ 2003-2006: GARR-G (Giganet) at 2.5-10Gbps▶ 2007-2013: GARR-X (cross connect) at 100+GbpsNB networks in blue cofunded by government at ~40%
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GARR-B(roadband) (1998-2002)
Backbone at 155M SDH circuits(2.5G lambdas at the end)
User accesses up to 155M(some at 1Gbps)
Cofunded by government (40%)
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▶ Backbone at 2.5/10 Gbps(leased lambdas)
▶ Meshed architecture built onabout 40 PoPs
▶ Regional and MetropolitanArea Networks over fibre andCWDM at 1 and 2.5 Gbps.
▶ User acesss up to 1Gbps (some at 10Gbps)
▶ 100% of users funds
GARR-G(iganet) 2003-2006GARR-G(iganet) 2003-2006
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Some User of GARR Community and NetworkSome User of GARR Community and Network
▶ Research and Academic sites connected to GARR▶ 77 Universities (65 public, 12 non-public, 0 private)▶ 56 CNR National Research Council labs▶ 9 ENEA Energy and Magnetic Fusion Research labs▶ 37 INFN sites, High Energy Physics: 5 labs+32 sections▶ 6 ASI Italian Space Agency labs▶ 12 INAF astronomical and astrophysical observatories▶ 2 INFM solid state physics labs▶ 10 INGV geophysics and vulcanology observatories▶ 37 Public National Libraries, ~500 University Libraries▶ 41 research organizations in the fields of health▶ 7 Supercomputing Consortia (CASPUR, CILEA,CINECA,…)▶ ~100 intl (ICTP, ESA,…) and natl research org. sites▶ ~700 museums, state archives, state galleries,…▶ ~1000/10,700 public schools
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GbpsGuaranteed Committed ACCESS BACKBONE
GARR-B GARR-GGARR-2
IP Access & IP Access & BackBoneBackBone Trends Trends
2006 20072004 20052002 20032000 200119991998 2007 2008
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National INTERNET
global INTERNET
RESEARCH traffic
Traffic type evolutionTraffic type evolution
20062005 20072004200320022001
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Some User Group applicationsSome User Group applicationsand bandwidth requirementsand bandwidth requirements
▶ DEISA (HPC cluster):▶ 9 sites at 1G in 2004/2005 and 10G since 2006
▶ eVLBI: European VLBI Network (EVN)▶ 16+ Radio Telescope Observatories at 1G+ each (2006)▶ JIVE (Dwingeloo, NL) at >10G
▶ EGEE (Scientific Grids)▶ ‘really many’ grid sites
▶ LHC (HEP):▶ 11*Tier1 (2*10G/each)▶ T0 at CERN (n*10G) (2006)▶ ‘many’ Tier2 at 1G (at least) (2006-2007)
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WesterborkNetherlands
Dedicated
Gbit link
OnsalaSweden
Gbit link
Jodrell BankUK
DwingelooDWDMlinkCambridge
UK
MERLIN
MedicinaItaly
ChalmersUniversity
ofTechnolog
y,Gothenbur
g
TorunPoland
Gbit link
eVLBI
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CERN T0
IN2P3
PICCNAF
RAL
GRIDKa
Nordugrid
TRIUMF ASCC
SARA
BNL FNAL
DKUK
NL
DE
ITES
FR
GEANT2
CH
LHC TIER0 – TIER1 Optical Private Network - OPN
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GridGrid Network Network ElementElement Concept Concept
The Network
Resource = CE(computingelement) orResource = SE(storage element)
The Network is a key Element of a Grid infrastructure
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Bologna
DEISA : GEANT + NREN Proof of ConceptDEISA : GEANT + NREN Proof of Concept
FR DEIT
Switch
Orsay JuelichGarching
GE
GE
GEANTCCC service
GE
POS 10G
POS 2.5G
CCC service
Switch
GARR
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GARR-X (cross-connect) 2007-2013GARR-X (cross-connect) 2007-2013
▶ Project: 2007-2013▶ Optical fibre: G.652, G.654, G.655
▶ 8000 km (BackBone)▶ 4000 km (Access)
▶ Trasmission DWDM [40λ (C-Band)]▶ Mix of λ at 10Gbps and 40Gbps▶ Intelligent network Optical VPN▶ IP and optical level integration▶ Multiservice infrastructure:
▶ IP: ipv4, ipv6, multicast, mpls,qos, etc.▶ E2E services
▶ Eth Eth (Ethernet over WDM)▶ SAN SAN (FC over WDM)
▶ Enable applications on GRID
▶ Government cofunding NEEDED
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FibreFibre Network Network
MI3
FI
TO
BO
MI4
CO
PG
AQ
AN
SANA
MTLE
BA
CS
PZ
MERC
MI1TS
VEPD
PI
GE
PVMI2
RM2FRA
RM1
CT
PA
SS
CA
Greece
Mediterranean
SloveniaSwitzerland
EV. EUMed event, 24 oct. 2007, Brussels 22
NRENs projects and funding sourcesNRENs projects and funding sources
Users+gov43/8000GARR
gov12 / 6.000GRNet
EC+NRENs25 / 12.000GEANT
gov45 / 15.000ESNet
Backbone funding model#PoPs / backbone in kmcountryNREN
gov17 / 1.500CesNet
users27 / 2.000Switch
users8 / 3.70072 regional PoP
NorduNetgov50 / 6.000SurfNet
gov8 / 1.500Heanetgov40 / 2.500Renaterusers49 / 5.500DFN
gov28 / 5.800Ukerna
gov62 / 25.000Internet2
Questions were:Questions were:1-Are governments the main stakeholders of NRENs?2-Should governments be the main stakeholders of NRENs?
Answers are: Yes and No.NO,because a research network has to be configured andmanaged by the research and academic community toreflect the real users needsand users (have to) contribute financially to accessthe network.
YES,because there is no way to build such kind ofnetworks without the national and europeangovernments political and financial contribution(synergy and monopolies).
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The Network in the The Network in the MediterraneanMediterranean
IUCC - Il
GRNET - Gr
TUBITAK - Tr
MARWAN - Ma
- It
RED.ES - Es
ARN - Dz
EUN - Eg
JUNET - Jo
CYNET - Cy
The NRENs in the Region are EUMEDGRID partners.
EV. EUMed event, 24 oct. 2007, Brussels 26
Future perspectivesFuture perspectives
EUMEDGRID
Is the extension of the European Research Area still strategic ?
Is the Mediterranean Region a priority in this strategy ?
Is the European Vision of exporting the model of e-infrastructures still valid ?
Which are the actions to support this Vision in FP7 ?
European funds can only be a seed !A long term commitment is needed !
Mediterranean Countries should invest in their e-infrastructuresto become protagonists of their own development.
?
Circa 270 siti di ricerca ed accademici connessi: 75 Universita’ (statali e non statali)
56 Siti del CNR9 Siti dell’ ENEA37 Siti dell’ INFN 6 siti dell’ ASI
12 siti dell’ INAF (Osservatori Astronomici)2 siti dell’ INFM10 siti dell’ INGV
9 Biblioteche Nazionali38 siti di altre organizzazioni di ricerca
3 siti del MIUR (V.le Trastevere, V.le Kennedy, MPC)3 Consorzi di Supercomputing (CASPUR, CILEA,CINECA)
