SESSION 1 - PART 1 4...SESSION 1 - PART 1 ..... 4 SESSION 1 - PART 2 ..... 8 1. abbreviate (bir kelimeyi veya bir yazıyı) kısaltmak = shorten • He abbreviated his first name to

SESSION 1 - PART 1 ...................................................... 4SESSION 1 - PART 2 ...................................................... 8SESSION 1 - PART 3 ...................................................... 12SESSION 1 - PART 4 ...................................................... 16SESSION 1 - PART 5 ...................................................... 20SESSION 1 - PART 6 ...................................................... 24

TESTS ............................................................................. 28DICTIONARY .................................................................. 40

SESSION 2 - PART 1 ...................................................... 54SESSION 2 - PART 2 ...................................................... 58SESSION 2 - PART 3 ...................................................... 62SESSION 2 - PART 4 ...................................................... 66SESSION 2 - PART 5 ...................................................... 70SESSION 2 - PART 6 ...................................................... 74

TESTS ............................................................................. 78DICTIONARY .................................................................. 90

CONTENTS

1. abbreviate (bir kelimeyi veya bir yazıyı) kısaltmak = shorten

• He abbreviated his first name to Alec.

2. abduct bir kişiyi kaçırmak = kidnap • The man was accused of abducting the little girl.

3. abnormal garip, normalden farklı• My sister has an abnormal fear of dogs.

4. abolish (bir sistemi veya uygulamayı) resmi olarak sonlandırmak, terketmek

• Many people are against abolishing the death penalty.

5. abort (bir süreci, planı veya aktiviteyi henüz tamamlanmadan) durdurmak = stop

• The soldiers were told to abort the mission.

6. abrupt ani = sudden• Her plan to live abroad came to an abrupt end when

she got pregnant.

7. absence (bir yerde) bulunmama, mevcut olmama X presence

• Many people wanted to see you during your absence.

8. absolutely tamamen• You were absolutely right when you objected to the

plan.• There is absolutely no difference between these two

ideas.

9. absorb emmek, içine almak • Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and

moisture from the soil.

10. abstain (from) yapmamak, yapmaktan kaçınmak • His doctor told him to abstain from drinking and

smoking.

11. abstract soyut, gerçek olaylara veya şeylere dayanmayan = theoretical

• It is not easy to agree on abstract principles such as justice.

12. abundant büyük miktarda = plentiful• Birds are abundant in this region especially in

summer.

13. abusively kötü ve şiddet içeren bir şekilde• He behaved abusively towards his wife and children.

kaba ve aşağılayıcı bir şekilde• The caregiver was accused of not adequately

feeding the old man and speaking abusively to him.

14. acclaim alkışlamak; (birisinin başarısını) coşkuyla kabul etmek

• They acclaimed him as the best writer of the year.

15. accumulate birik(tir)mek, art(ır)mak = gather• In men, fat tends to accumulate around the inner

organs of the abdomen.

16. ammunition cephane, mühimmat• A few of the tanks in the area ran out of

ammunition.

17. bachelor bekar erkek• My brother remained bachelor for a long time till he

got married last summer.(sadece ünvanlarda ve bazı kalıp kullanımlarda) üniversite mezunu kişi

• He graduated with a bachelor’s degree in philosophy.

18. background arka plan, bir şeyin arkasındaki manzara veya görünüm

• He is a powerful person but he prefers to remain in the background.

19. bail kefalet, teminat• The man was freed on bail.

20. bake fırında pişirmek veya pişmek• I need to learn how to bake cakes.• The women are baking bread outside in the garden.

21. balance denge, denge durumu• The medicines you are taking may affect your

balance.• The ecological balance of the forest is at risk.

4VOCABULARY STUDIES - 1 DİLKO YAYINLARI

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DICTIONARYSESSION 1

149. lace dantel• She put a plain white lace bedspread on the bed.

(ayakkabı vb. için) bağ, bağcık• You must tie your baby’s shoelaces to prevent

accidents.

150. lack eksiklik, sahip olmama; birşeyden yoksun olmak, sahip olmamak

• Despite my lack of experience, I was able to get the job.

• You obviously lack the determination to become successful.

151. ladder seyyar merdiven• The fireman climbed up the ladder into the second

floor room to attempt a rescue.

152. lag geride kalmak, gerisinde kalmak• Turkey lags behind most of Europe in women’s

rights.

153. lagoon lagün• The Blue Lagoon of Ölüdeniz features calm, crystal

clear waters, which makes it ideal for a large variety of water sports.

154. machinery makinalar, mekanizma• Our factory is equipped with quality machinery.

155. mad deli, akıl hastası = insane• She went mad and was put into a mental hospital.

156. magnet mıknatıs• I like to collect magnets of foreign cities.

157. magnificently mükemmel bir şekilde = splendidly

• Our team played magnificently throughout the competition.

158. magnify büyütmek• This microscope magnifies germs, which allows us

to see them.

159. maintain sürdürmek, önceki durumunu devam ettirmek

• I hope you can maintain your recent improvement.bakmak, geçindirmek

• He is too poor to maintain his family.iyi durumda tutmak

• It may be expensive to maintain a car.

160. major büyük, önemli, ciddi X minor• Your house needs major repairs.• There was a major earthquake in this region last

year.ana dal, mezun olunan dal

• At university, students can decide their major later if they are undecided.

161. majority çoğunluk, büyük kısım X minority• The majority of the members voted against the

proposal.

162. malaria sıtma hastalığı• Malaria, transmitted by mosquitos, typically causes

periods of fever.

163. malfunction arıza, bozukluk; bozulmak• We cannot declare the results due to a malfunction

in the computers.• The radiation caused all the equipment to

malfunction.

164. management yönetim, idare• The zoo needs better management rather than more

money.

165. manipulate (özellikle bir makineyi) kullanmak, çalıştırmak

• The puppets are expertly manipulated by Liz Walker.(dürüst olmayan veya akıllıca bir şekilde) kendi amacına uygun olarak kullanmak

• The government was accused of manipulating public opinion.

166. mankind insanlık, insanoğlu• Global warming is indeed a great threat to whole

mankind.

167. manner şekil, tarz, usul• You shouldn’t have talked to him in such an

offensive manner.

168. nag dırdır etmek, başının etini yemek• His wife nags at him all day.• She keeps nagging her husband about a new house.

169. nail çivi, çivi çakmak• He nailed the picture to the wall.

tırnak• I like painting my nails in different colours.

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SESSION 1 - DICTIONARY SESSION 1 - DICTIONARY

11 VOCABULARY STUDIES - 1DİLKO YAYINLARI

283. tattoo dövme; dövme yapmak• Every visible inch of his arms is covered with

tattoos.

284. ultimately eninde sonunda = eventually• The King was ultimately overthrown and the country

descended into chaos.

285. ultimatum ultimatom, yerine getirilmesi istenen koşulları belirten son bildiri

• The Soviet Union issued an ultimatum to Lithuania.

286. unanimous (insanlar için) aynı düşüncede, müttefik• All the members are unanimous that the building

must be preserved.(anlaşmalar, sözleşmeler vb. için) oy birliği ile yapılan

• This is the second time they have rejected the proposal and now it is an unanimous decision.

287. unbearable dayanılmaz, katlanılmaz = intolerable• The war made life almost unbearable for the

civilians.

288. vacant boş, gereksiz, kullanılmayan; ifadesiz• Is this seat vacant?• The post of chairperson has been vacant for some

time.• She had a kind of vacant look on her face.• I hope we can find a vacant room at this hotel.

289. vaccinate (against) aşılamak• Have you had your child vaccinated against the

measles?

290. vague belli belirsiz• I could see some vague shapes coming towards us.

anlaşılmaz, net olmayan• Our holiday plans are still vague.

291. vain kibirli• I think he is shallow, vain and untrustworthy.

boş, sonuçsuz, faydasız = fruitless• We worked all night in a vain attempt to finish the

report.

292. validate (özellikle yasal olarak) geçerli kılmak• This discovery seems to validate the claims of

popular astrology.

293. value değer, kıymet, yararlı nitelik• You will find this map of great value.

değer biçmek• Without art auctions, it would be very difficult to

value art.

294. wage ücret• What is your weekly wage?

295. waist bel; (bir giyside) bel kesimi• Excess weight around the waist may increase death

risk.

296. wander amaçsız gezmek, başı boş dolaşmak• Nomadic tribes wander these deserts.

297. ward (hastaneler için) koğuş• The man was admitted to the emergency ward with

a wound in his chest.

298. warden yönetici, sorumlu kişi• A new warden took over the prison.

299. warrant yetki, arama veya tutuklama izni• Police confirmed that they had issued a warrant for

his arrest.

300. wonder merak etmek• I wonder what you are doing now.

harika• Egypitian Pyramids are among the seven wonders

of the world.

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SESSION 1 - DICTIONARY SESSION 1 - DICTIONARY


SESSION 1 PART 1

1. abbreviate

2. abduct

3. abnormal

4. abolish

5. abort

6. abrupt

7. absence

8. absolutely

9. absorb

10. abstain

11. abstract

12. abundant

13. abusively

14. acclaim

15. accumulate

16. ammunition

17. bachelor

18. background

19. bail

20. bake

21. balance

22. bald

23. ban

24. band

25. bandit

26. calamity

27. calculate

28. calf

29. can

30. cancellation

31. candid

32. candidate

33. capable

34. capital

35. capsize

36. captivity

37. capture

38. career

39. carriage

40. cartoon

41. carve

42. case

43. cast

44. casual

45. casualty

46. catastrophe

47. cautious

48. cease

49. celebrity

50. cell

SESSION 1 - PART 1


26. calamity

27. calculate

28. calf

29. can

30. cancellation

31. candid

32. candidate

33. capable

34. capital

35. capsize

36. captivity

37. capture

38. career

39. carriage

40. cartoon

41. carve

42. case

43. cast

44. casual

45. casualty

46. catastrophe

47. cautious

48. cease

49. celebrity

50. cell

A. Match the words to their definitions.

1. bachelor _____ a. to throw or move something in a forceful way2. casual _____ b. to cook something such as bread or a cake in an oven3. can _____ c. one of the separate parts of a train where passengers sit4. bail _____ d. a metal container in which food or drink is sold5. career _____ e. a young cow6. band _____ f. the smallest living part of an animal or a plant7. bake _____ g. a movie made using characters that are drawn and not real8. balance _____ h. a job or profession that someone does for a long time9. cell _____ i. a man who is not married10. carriage _____ j. a box or container to hold something11. bald _____ k. a state of equilibrium12. case _____ l. happening by chance; not formal13. calf _____ m. money given to a court to allow a prisoner to leave jail14. cartoon _____ n. with little or no hair15. cast _____ o. a small group of musicians who play music together

B. Complete each sentence with one of the words below.

absence abstract celebrity cease ammunition

captivity abrupt catastrophe acclaim background

candidate accumulate cautious absorb capsize

1. Employers should be ________________ of giving references about their ex-employees. What they say may affect those people’s careers forever.

2. Scientists believe that a(n) ________________, mainly a flood, played a role in the extinction of many species.

3. ________________ art can be hard work from which the viewer can derive different meanings.4. A large ship is usually thought not to ________________ easily, yet this isn’t always true.5. In the ________________ of oxygen, cells consume glucose at a high, steady rate.6. Your CV should tell hiring managers important facts about your professional ________________.7. Employers always want to hire the best-qualified ________________ for the job but that is not

always possible.8. Scientists proved that plants can ________________ minerals through their above-ground parts.9. Talk shows generally opt to host some ________________ to attract the attention of the spectators.10. The troops needed a good supply of ________________ to conquer the lands for which they fought.11. Many antidepressants can ________________ to work but usually after their consistent prolonged

use. The doctors, therefore, keep the usage of those drugs limited to a period.12. A number of animals are observed to have shorter life spans when in ________________.13. Many ________________ the book as a modern classic as it’s unique in its blending of memoir,

biography and nature.14. In polar and high-altitude alpine regions, glaciers generally ________________ more snow in winter

than in summer.15. There was a(n) ________________ change in the weather and it began to rain heavily before we

were able to get home.

SESSION 1 - PART 1


C. Choose either one of the options.

1. Per capita income is ---- by evenly dividing the national income by the country’s population. captured / calculated

2. Prolonged ---- such as drought and deforestation can ruin an area completely. calamities / capitals

3. Education makes us ---- of interpreting things rightly and using the information in real life. capable / candid

4. Bullying is the act of treating people ---- through verbal or physical means. abusively / absolutely

5. All of the ancient civilizations developed in the fertile valleys of rivers where water was ----. abundant / abnormal

6. Once published, the book was ---- in the USSR and other communist countries. carved / banned

7. Slavery was ---- in Ohio by the state’s original constitution in 1802. abolished / abducted

8. Studies suggest that pregnant women should ---- from drinking alcohol during pregnancy. abort / abstain

9. People in the past had to protect themselves against the attack of ---- when travelling long distances. casualties / bandits

10. Achieving ---- between work and family is critical to your mental and physical health. balance / bachelor

D. Choose the synonyms of the words.

1. abbreviate A) attend B) shorten C) conduct D) emerge

2. cancellation A) annulment B) progress C) brightness D) obscurity

3. cease A) move B) rest C) stop D) doze

4. cautious A) heedless B) tactless C) courteous D) careful

5. candid A) impolite B) scornful C) arrogant D) sincere

6. catastrophe A) disaster B) wonder C) certainty D) disdain

7. absolutely A) dexterously B) certainly C) satisfyingly D) mutually

SESSION 1 - PART 1 SESSION 1 - PART 1


E. Complete the sentences with the help of the letters given.

1. Education provides us with knowledge about the world and it paves the way for a good c________________.

2. Yesterday while looking out of the window, I was able to c________________ this stunning lightning photo.

3. A high school teacher, who faces a number of accusations involving two students, has been released on b________________.

4. Photography is all about capturing c________________ images of public places or even people in their natural element.

5. Arachnophobia is a phobia, an a________________ fear of spiders and sometimes other arachnids, such as scorpions.

6. There is a certain positive aspect of wearing c________________ dress at work that cannot be found in formal garments.

7. C________________ division happens in all organisms while they are growing.8. Going b________________ is inevitable for most men who know it’s in their genes.

F. Complete the sentences with the correct prepositions.

1. The usable nutrients are absorbed ________________ the bloodstream from the small intestine.2. Caribbean hermit crab is known to be capable ________________ climbing trees.3. Oscar fish grows up to 9 to 12 inches on average ________________ captivity.4. Our body constantly struggles to find the balance ________________ acids and alkalis.5. A ban ________________ public smoking is necessary to protect non-smokers.6. Patients with a liver disease must abstain ________________ consuming alcohol.7. A well-framed CV can portray one as a superior candidate ________________ a job.8. Being candid ________________ people about your views is acceptable, but you mustn’t present a

critical viewpoint.9. ________________ the absence of some obvious signs, fever in dogs usually goes undetected.10. Those with diabetes have to be cautious ________________ the food they eat at all times.

G. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the given words.

1. A genetic disorder is caused by an ________________ in a person’s genome. (abnormal)2. Math games are specifically designed for kids to help improve their ________________. (calculate)3. A great deal of ________________ has to be exercised while taking weight-loss medications.

(cautious)4. Verbal ________________ at work has become a common occurrence in recent times. (abusively)5. Guava trees grow in ________________ in some parts of southeast Asia and Africa. (abundant)6. Hurricanes are powerful forces causing ________________ damage to one’s property.

(catastrophe)7. Double Distilled Water, referred to as H2O in ________________, is used when there is a need for

increased purity level. (abbreviate)8. If you want to ________________ your booking, you should do it three days prior to arrival.

(cancellation)9. Alien ________________ is a fascinating subject and comes under the category of sci-fi. (abduct)10. When taken in excessive amounts, alcohol has the ________________ of harming the body.

(capable)

SESSION 1 - PART 1 SESSION 1 - PART 1


SESSION 1 PART 3

101. fairness

102. fairy

103. faith

104. fake

105. falsehood

106. flawless

107. gadget

108. gain

109. gamble

110. gang

111. gap

112. garment

113. gasp

114. gather

115. gauge

116. graduation

117. habit

118. habitat

119. hail

120. hallucinate

121. halt

122. hamper

123. handicap

124. ideally

125. identical

126. identify

127. identity

128. idiom

129. idiot

130. idle

131. idolize

132. ignite

133. ignorance

134. ignore

135. illegal

136. illegible

137. illiterate

138. illuminate

139. illusion

140. illustrate

141. image

142. Indian

143. jar

144. jealous

145. keen

146. label

147. laborious

148. labour

149. lace

150. lack


SESSION 1 - PART 3


1. idolize _____ a. to risk money on the result of a game, race, or competition2. gauge _____ b. a group of words used together with a meaning that one can’t guess3. Indian _____ c. a group of criminals who work together4. gang _____ d. small, hard balls of ice that fall from the sky like rain5. idiot _____ e. a small, imaginary person with wings who has magic powers6. fake _____ f. a delicate cloth with patterns of holes7. fairy _____ g. great trust or confidence in something or someone8. faith _____ h. to admire and respect someone very much9. jar _____ i. to make a noise by suddenly breathing in10. gamble _____ j. a stupid person11. gasp _____ k. a small piece of equipment that does a particular job12. lace _____ l. not real, but made to look or seem real13. gadget _____ m. to measure a distance, size, or amount14. hail _____ n. a glass container used for keeping food15. idiom _____ o. belonging to or relating to Native Americans


flawless ignorance halt garment jealous

graduation habitat illustrate fairness illegal

identical identity handicap laborious illuminate

1. Doing ________________ work has a detrimental effect on an individual’s risk of coronary heart disease.

2. The essay aims to ________________ the disadvantages of bilingual education without deeming it worthless.

3. When brakes are applied, vehicles come to a(n) ________________ by putting pressure against the wheels.

4. The resemblance of ________________ twins makes it difficult even for their mother to sometimes tell them apart.

5. Teaching children with physical disabilities or a(n) ________________ is a matter of providing motivation.

6. ________________ on the part of parents and teachers, early in their childhood may develop criminal tendencies amongst students.

7. Colombia has a long history of violence within the country, with most of the violence relate in some way to the ________________ drug trade.

8. ________________ is the key to classroom management and discipline for teachers.9. A table lamp should properly ________________ the entire surface of the table, and should not be

overly bright and glaring.10. Narcissistic individuals are constantly under the belief that someone or the other is always

________________ of them.11. Just like your name, a user name is also unique, and gives you a(n) ________________ online.12. While selecting a(n) ________________, check the instructions for cloth care, see where it is made

and inquire about the durability.13. Despite the harsh climate, the Arctic tundra is still the natural ________________ of many species.14. Few simple tips and home remedies can be followed to obtain ________________ skin without

emptying your wallet.15. Your parents can book accommodation on the campus to attend your ________________ ceremony.

126. identify

127. identity

128. idiom

129. idiot

130. idle

131. idolize

132. ignite

133. ignorance

134. ignore

135. illegal

136. illegible

137. illiterate

138. illuminate

139. illusion

140. illustrate

141. image

142. Indian

143. jar

144. jealous

145. keen

146. label

147. laborious

148. labour

149. lace

150. lack


SESSION 1 - PART 3


1. Poor nutrition and ---- skin care are some of the most common causes of red dry skin. igniting / ignoring

2. Police have ---- the body rescued from the sea by the lifeboat on Wednesday night. identified / hampered

3. Replacing the ---- of biting nails by chewing gum works for some people. habit / image

4. Child ---- can be defined as any kind of work that is detrimental to the child’s health. labour / label

5. Many tribes and ---- societies restrict girls to learn reading and writing and don’t allow them to get further education.

illegible / illiterate

6. E-books can help young people become confident and ---- readers as they are easy to carry around all the time.

idle / keen

7. Hackers exploit various systems to make commercial ---- from their activities. gain / gap

8. Unfortunately, the diet of children these days usually ---- the essential nutrients. gathers / lacks

9. Research is a lengthy and even ---- process in which the researcher may perform many experiments. laborious / jealous

10. An optical ---- is characterized by visually perceived images that differ from reality. graduation / illusion


1. ignore A) swear B) assert C) neglect D) verify

2. halt A) size B) count C) result D) stop

3. illuminate A) appear B) brighten C) conduct D) operate

4. flawless A) intense B) perfect C) painful D) severe

5. illustrate A) demonstrate B) misconceive C) deteriorate D) undermine

6. faith A) trust B) havoc C) order D) scale

7. illegal A) spacious B) boundless C) unlawful D) frequent


SESSION 1 - PART 3SESSION 1 - PART 3


1. Lose with truth and right rather than gain with f________________ and wrong.2. Measurement of noise level is critical in the industries as continuous high noise levels may

h________________ the hearing ability of workers.3. Though pruning is not a necessity, you can give your plants the desired shape by trimming; and that

should be done i________________ before spring.4. When we l________________ students by ability, we limit their potential to learn.5. The image is an i________________ in which all the dots are perceived to move in the same

direction, but actually they do not.6. The digital generation g________________ is the result of the extremely rapid rise of technology.7. The usage of some illegal drugs can cause people to h________________, as can fevers and other

severe illnesses.8. In a broader definition of the genre, the first famous Western f________________ tales are those of

Aesop in ancient Greece.


1. The gap ________________ the rich and the poor keeps widening, according to the researches.2. Lack ________________ sleep or insomnia can lead to several long-term medical conditions.3. Jojoba oil has natural sebum oil identical ________________ the one produced by the human skin.4. In many parts of the world, many children are ________________ labour for more than twelve

hours.5. Thousands gathered ________________ a demonstration against the gold mining project.6. People from Britain and Germany are keen ________________ following a time-bound schedule.7. Weakness in mathematics is a serious handicap ________________ study science.8. Younger children may be jealous ________________ having to share their things.9. A person can get an illusion ________________ a mirage when in desert.10. Public faith ________________ the government is extremely low in Kenya.


1. Desktop PCs are better if you do technical stuff like animation or ________________. (illustrate)2. Conflicts in the workplace can arise due to ________________ among employees. (jealous)3. People with physical disabilities can sometimes be referred to as ________________. (handicap)4. ________________ of evergreen trees is easy, as they don’t shed their leaves during winters.

(identify)5. Matilde Hidalgo was the first woman to ________________ from high school in Ecuador.

(graduation)6. The brain disorder that makes the patient prone to ________________ is schizophrenia.

(hallucinate)7. It is important that parents ________________ observe their child’s behaviour and development.

(keen)8. Repetitive use of glue and ________________ eyelashes can damage your natural lashes.

(falsehood)9. Taking a decision to quit smoking is certainly not an easy one for ________________ smokers.

(habit)10. Some nocturnal animals have vision that is easily adapted to day ________________. (illuminate)



SESSION 1

251. satisfactory

252. savage

253. savings

254. savoury

255. saw

256. saying

257. scale

258. scan

259. scar

260. scarcity

261. scare

262. scarf

263. scarlet

264. scatter

265. scavenger

266. scene

267. scenery

268. scenic

269. scented

270. tackle

271. tactile

272. tactless

273. tag

274. tail

275. tailor

276. tale

277. talent

278. tame

279. tangible

280. tap

281. target

282. task

283. tattoo

284. ultimately

285. ultimatum

286. unanimous

287. unbearable

288. vacant

289. vaccinate

290. vague

291. vain

292. validate

293. value

294. wage

295. waist

296. wander

297. ward

298. warden

299. warrant

300. wonder

PART 6


SESSION 1 - PART 6


1. tattoo _____ a. a bright red colour2. scar _____ b. a piece of equipment for measuring weight3. waist _____ c. a part of an animal’s body that sticks out from the back end4. tail _____ d. a tool with a sharp edge you use to cut wood or other hard material5. ultimatum _____ e. a piece of cloth that you wear round your neck or head to keep warm6. scarlet _____ f. a story about exciting events, sometimes one that is not true7. tag _____ g. someone whose job is to make or repair clothes8. tale _____ h. a picture, pattern, or other marking made on the skin with needles9. savings _____ i. a small piece of paper fixed to something to give info about it10. scarf _____ j. a promise that force or punishment will be used if someone does not do

what is wanted11. saying _____ k. the part at the end of a pipe that controls the flow of water12. saw _____ l. a permanent mark left on the body from a cut or other injury13. tailor _____ m. a well-known statement about what often happens in life14. tap _____ n. the part around the middle of your body where you wear a belt15. scale _____ o. money that you have saved, usually in a bank


task tame validate scented scene

satisfactory ultimately tactless wonder scan

savoury warden scarcity vaccinate wander

1. Dehydration, ________________ of water in the body, can cause calf cramps.2. The use of the MR is to generate a(n) ________________ of the inner part of the body without using

the X-rays.3. It is quite difficult to ________________ frizzy hair; moreover, it lacks the shine usually observed in

healthy hair.4. The human mind starts to ________________ if there is no break to the monotonous work.5. The Great Pyramid of Giza is the longest surviving ancient ________________.6. Many people have observed that using certain ________________ candles can help to keep the

bugs away.7. I think there was no malice behind his remark but it was a(n) ________________ thing to say.8. As your kitten grows, you will have to ________________ it against rabies and other diseases.9. When combined with oil and other culinary herbs, balsamic vinegar makes a(n) ________________

dressing for green salads.10. Experimental and clinical evaluation is needed so as to ________________ hypotheses.11. A traffic ________________ is a civilian employed by the police to regulate traffic and issue parking

tickets.12. Consuming too much diet soda on a weekly basis ________________ adds a lot of calories in the

system.13. A forensic scientist collects and analyses various pieces of evidence that are collected from a crime

________________.14. Leadership is the ability of a person to guide people in a group towards achieving a(n)

________________ at hand.15. My boss said he would raise my salary if he found my work ________________.

276. tale

277. talent

278. tame

279. tangible

280. tap

281. target

282. task

283. tattoo

284. ultimately

285. ultimatum

286. unanimous

287. unbearable

288. vacant

289. vaccinate

290. vague

291. vain

292. validate

293. value

294. wage

295. waist

296. wander

297. ward

298. warden

299. warrant

300. wonder


SESSION 1 - PART 6


1. Pain in the arm can range from a mild discomfort to a(n) ---- agony. unanimous / unbearable

2. There are a lot of seasonal positions ---- in hotels, resorts, parks, etc. especially in summers. vacant / tangible

3. Some conditions are hard to diagnose, as the symptoms are ---- and often confused with other diseases.

vague / tactile

4. For the safety of your baby, keep your floors clean of toys ---- around to prevent tripping and falling. scared / scattered

5. Vultures are carnivorous birds and essentially ----, which feed on dead or dying animal carcasses. scavengers / sceneries

6. The gender ---- difference is still as high as 23% in many countries. wage / vain

7. Taking up acting as a career option is about being passionate about the ---- you possess. savage / talent

8. A ---- audience is the intended audience or readership of a publication, an advertisement, or a message.

value / target

9. I rubbed a special cream all over my face when I went camping to ---- off mosquitoes. wonder / ward

10. Petroleum jelly has been in use for treating ---- ever since its healing properties were discovered. scars / tales


1. tactless

A) sophisticated B) extravagant C) discourteous D) unreasonable

2. vague

A) ambiguous B) determined C) changeable D) harmonious

3. talent

A) fellow B) ally C) enemy D) gift

4. ultimately

A) sensibly B) finally C) bluntly D) wisely

5. vacant

A) humble B) empty C) sharp D) frank

6. unbearable

A) intolerable B) acceptable C) adequate D) effortless

7. scarcity

A) restriction B) expansion C) dullness D) shortage




1. Running through a park or along a s________________ route is much more visually stimulating.2. Study results reveal that the nutritional v________________ of frozen fruits and vegetables are

generally equal to their fresh counterparts.3. In most states in the USA, the jury verdict must be u________________ for criminal cases.4. The best way to t________________ protein deficiency would be to make changes in the diet.5. When your proposal is s________________, all the committee members will immediately sign it.6. Blogging was a rage some time ago; it is still practised but on a lower s________________ as

compared to the past.7. Human beings’ w________________ in ancient times led to creation of myths.8. The s________________ along the road and on the hill is exquisitely beautiful.


1. Rabies is an incurable disease and hence, dogs must be specifically vaccinated ________________ it.

2. Over twenty-five per cent of US homes dropped ________________ value over the past year.3. Kids ________________ musical talent are in need of support and encouragement.4. If the police search your car ________________ a warrant, they are violating your constitutional

rights.5. lf the service you receive is not satisfactory ________________ you, you may make a complaint.6. Deforestation is clearing Earth’s forests ________________ a massive scale.7. Had he not been attentive, he could have been an easy target ________________ pickpockets.8. Good luck spells, symbols and charms have been used for ages to ward ________________ evil.9. When tackled ________________ open-mindedness, differences may bring people together.10. I tried hard to persuade him not to fight with his classmate, but ________________ vain.


1. Spirituality aims to take an individual towards the ________________ goal of life. (ultimately)2. Van Gogh was a ________________ artist who was known for his impressionist style of work.

(talent)3. A ________________ is a device used to convert photographs and pictures into digital versions.

(scan)4. The innumerable uses of sulphur make it an important and ________________ element. (value)5. In Virginia, the months from July to September can be ________________ hot. (unbearable)6. Rap songs with ________________ written lyrics are not worth listening to in my opinion. (vague)7. By specializing, you increase your chances of being chosen to fill in a ________________. (vacant)8. Resources on the Earth are insufficient to ________________ the needs of the ever-increasing

population. (satisfactory)9. If a single ________________ is missed, a puppy could be vulnerable to many diseases.

(vaccinate)10. Where water is ________________, plants like cactus are a main source of water. (scarcity)



1. After losing significant number of soldiers and ---- towards the end of the war, the Japanese had to surrender.

A) percentage B) masterpieceC) ammunition D) precipitation E) coincidence

2. There has been much ---- about the rising tuition fees in the higher education system.

A) terrain B) shapeC) theme D) glaze E) debate

3. Yoga includes breathing exercises and meditation that play a vital role in maintaining a ---- between body, mind and spirit.

A) benefit B) balanceC) despair D) shelter E) figure

4. Sudanese archaeologists have found a ---- from 12,000 years ago, just before the agricultural revolution, containing 59 skeletons.

A) leather B) medicineC) necessity D) rehearsal E) cemetery

5. One should always follow the instructions on the label before washing or ironing a(n) ---- so that he won’t harm it.

A) infamy B) journalC) thunder D) garment E) needle

6. A person who plays the role of a guru, a religious teacher, takes upon himself the task and mission of reducing the ---- level of his disciples.

A) omission B) simplicityC) commitment D) ignorance E) similarity

7. During a(n) ---- of the Sun, sunlight is very powerful; therefore, people must use special tools to view one safely.

A) affection B) fictionC) eclipse D) testimony E) destiny

8. The ---- of water is a major threat, resulting in huge agricultural losses and farmers losing their livelihood.

A) plough B) compassC) fixation D) heritage E) scarcity

9. The habitat of Pacific salmon is susceptible to such ---- as volcanoes, flooding, landslides, and other human-induced habitat destruction.

A) catastrophes B) settlementsC) discrepancies D) innovations E) neighbourhoods

10. Low potassium levels may result from various health conditions including kidney ---- and altered hormone levels.

A) blush B) reliefC) soil D) failure E) dilemma

11. An optical ---- is a condition in which the eye perceives or sees images that are different from what they actually are.

A) illusion B) possessionC) disbelief D) connotation E) precaution

12. It is suggested from the results of a research that skin colour rather than ---- has a greater influence on skin diseases.

A) bail B) vowC) race D) port E) goal

SESSION 1 TEST 1

SESSION 1 - TEST 1


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39. A compound microscope is an optical microscope that uses light and different lenses to exaggerate or ---- an object.

A) insure B) evolveC) magnify D) respect E) retain

40. When threatened, spitting cobras ---- a spray of venom into the eyes of their predator, with incredible accuracy.

A) resign B) moanC) grade D) evoke E) eject

41. The wealth of an individual is ---- according to the profit his or her company makes and its net worth in the market.

A) calculated B) evaporatedC) anticipated D) constituted E) appreciated

42. When you sleep, the fluid in the body tends to ---- around eyes, which gives eyes a swollen and puffy appearance.

A) withstand B) postulateC) hibernate D) renovate E) accumulate

43. We might keep coming up with new theories and ---- the existing ones till some conclusive evidence is found.

A) flourish B) confuseC) conduct D) refute E) oppress

44. The book contains more than two hundred inventions, which are superbly ---- in detailed technical drawings.

A) announced B) illustratedC) negotiated D) unearthed E) comprised

45. A good balance between exercise and food intake is important to ---- a healthy body weight.

A) maintain B) allocateC) eradicate D) initiate E) compete

46. You should ---- from consuming caffeine between four and six hours before bed if you wish to have a restful sleep.

A) alienate B) threatenC) abstain D) register E) measure

47. As sugar can ---- tooth enamel, staying away from soft drinks, citrus and high sugar foods like candies or chocolate is considered to be an integral part of dental care.

A) damage B) pioneerC) indulge D) simulate E) refuse

48. To keep children in schools healthy, your state may require children going to school to be ---- against certain diseases.

A) mentioned B) vaccinatedC) collapsed D) formulated E) destroyed

49. Closed-circuit television, ---- as CCTV, is one of the popularly used security camera technologies.

A) emphasized B) perceivedC) jeopardized D) abbreviated E) implemented

50. Children who ---- in beauty contests are more likely to act snobbishly towards other kids of their own age group.

A) advocate B) perspireC) participate D) encompass E) scrutinize

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SESSION 1 - TEST 1 SESSION 1 - TEST 1


1. The liver ---- can cause abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, and rarely, fluid accumulation around the liver.

A) harassment B) malfunctionC) manufacture D) implication E) deception

2. ---- letters, as their name suggests, are written to convey that you are calling something off that was supposed to take place.

A) Emancipation B) QualificationC) Satisfaction D) Bankruptcy E) Cancellation

3. One’s ethnic ---- is the key determinant of what is important and not important, what actions to take or not to take, and how one behaves.

A) handicraft B) backgroundC) manuscript D) pavement E) peninsula

4. A(n) ---- degree is very important; the lack of having such a degree will haunt you for the rest of your career.

A) cessation B) implicationC) definition D) graduation E) obsession

5. During a war, it’s not prudent to be identified in the open as a commander since commanders are prime ---- for the enemy’s snipers or assassins.

A) targets B) circuitsC) genders D) qualities E) patriots

6. A number of animal ---- aim to educate the public as well as rehabilitating animals and finding them permanent homes.

A) scholarships B) adolescentsC) civilizations D) circumstances E) sanctuaries

7. ---- to the evidence that evolution occurs are more concrete and specific when the methods and claims of evolutionary biology are analysed.

A) Temptations B) SedimentsC) Objections D) Departures E) Quarrels

8. The Constitution states that every individual will have equal rights to justice and will be treated with ----.

A) redemption B) enduranceC) fairness D) nourishment E) independence

9. Considered a disastrous natural ----, a cyclone is a vigorous aerial circulation of wind, formed over an ocean or a sea.

A) mastery B) occasionC) sensation D) calamity E) redemption

10. If this area of interest is followed with ---- and the right kind of training, a completely developed and lucrative career can be carved out of it.

A) sequence B) navigationC) testimony D) selection E) passion

11. In order to be able to park in a ---- parking, you must qualify for a driving permit for people with disabilities.

A) welfare B) handicapC) zenith D) territory E) spectrum

12. Sand filters are devices that keep the swimming pool water free of ---- and dirt, and are essential for the maintenance of the pool water.

A) debris B) shelterC) benefit D) theme E) advent

SESSION 1 TEST 2


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SESSION 1 - TEST 2

39. There are a lot of factors that can trigger ---- of teeth such as lack of proper oral hygiene and absence of sufficient saliva in mouth.

A) subsiding B) furnishingC) decaying D) attracting E) swearing

40. All movies that you’ve seen have been inspired from a small discussion, a highly ---- novel or a real-life incident.

A) murdered B) isolatedC) convinced D) acclaimed E) invested

41. The nurses are ---- to gain specialized knowledge and skills by studying biological, physical and behavioural sciences.

A) obliged B) refutedC) objected D) bartered E) scared

42. Dialysis is a life-saving measure which has proved to be beneficial to patients whose kidneys have ---- to function.

A) escaped B) precededC) sparkled D) replaced E) ceased

43. ---- children involves supporting their overall development and preparing them for life.

A) Vanishing B) AdorningC) Fetching D) Raising E) Designing

44. MR imaging is a method of ---- the internal structure of the body to detect any abnormalities.

A) scanning B) featuringC) launching D) refining E) importing

45. A rainbow is a short-term phenomenon, which occurs when sunlight reflects the rain drops in the air and ---- the colours.

A) favours B) reckonsC) scatters D) includes E) recruits

46. Usually ---- or overlooked by many pet owners, a mild cough is the first symptom of various dog illnesses.

A) gathered B) ignoredC) adapted D) delayed E) recalled

47. When ---- the USA flag, civilians should place their right hand over the heart and any head coverings should be removed.

A) saluting B) narratingC) deducing D) securing E) electing

48. A number of tourists appear to have been ---- by a terrorist group that oppose to foreign visitors to the country.

A) accessed B) barteredC) charmed D) abducted E) impaired

49. Though there are some countries that have ---- death penalty from their law, there are still many which kill a person for crime.

A) summoned B) abolishedC) suffocated D) assisted E) exceeded

50. Repeating a particular command and gesture will eventually make a puppy understand and ---- its owner.

A) knot B) wrapC) obey D) loan E) drop

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SESSION 1 - TEST 2SESSION 1 - TEST 2

1. A heart attack is a serious heart condition that can become life-threatening in the ---- of prompt medical treatment.

A) absence B) benefitC) company D) shape E) territory

2. It is a ---- that every dictator has come to power by exploiting free speech and the hope for freedom.

A) measure B) figureC) paradox D) haven E) legacy

3. People who eat fast are said to be very careful with their work, and are often known to complete their tasks before the ----.

A) omission B) proximityC) threshold D) deadline E) rehearsal

4. Since the beginning of time there has been a constant and ongoing battle between truth and ----.

A) phenomena B) falsehoodC) complement D) vengeance E) heritage

5. The ---- of an animal or a plant is the natural environment in which it normally lives, grows and flourishes.

A) whisper B) altitudeC) compass D) fixture E) habitat

6. The ---- of Pakistan’s population are Muslims and follow the Islamic religion in a very strict fashion.

A) ailment B) fixationC) venture D) ransom E) majority

7. With its breathtaking ----, royal palaces, and beautiful gardens, France is popular among travellers and explorers.

A) scenery B) opinionC) verdict D) plague E) sleet

8. Doing a free cell phone number lookup is the best way to know the ---- of an unknown caller.

A) wisdom B) uniformC) smudge D) identity E) remedy

9. Britain was a land of primitive ---- who were quarrelsome and always engaged in disputes with each other.

A) plumbers B) inspectorsC) savages D) solicitor E) porters

10. Because of noisy working conditions, workers in several manual ---- jobs are at high risk of hearing loss.

A) tongue B) labourC) space D) prayer E) verse

11. Genetic engineering can bring about a great amount of transformation in the characteristics of an organism by the ---- of DNA.

A) manipulation B) resemblanceC) appearance D) appointment E) conservation

12. A great number of American troops suffered heavy ----, and so did the Australian ones during World War II.

A) portrayals B) sparklesC) casualties D) postures E) tornadoes

SESSION 1 TEST 3


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SESSION 1 - TEST 3

39. When slaves were ----, their hair was cut off, in order to begin the process of eradicating their sense of culture and identity.

A) reversed B) prevailedC) aspired D) interpreted E) captured

40. Green Sapphire derives its colour from the presence of iron in its formation, and ---- from pale to deep rich green, or blue-green.

A) locates B) mournsC) ranges D) yearns E) strolls

41. The use of saccharin was highly ----, as it was believed to produce malignant cells among rats tested in laboratory.

A) attracted B) utilizedC) objected D) yielded E) summoned

42. Some believe an illegal act of gambling was being performed in the storehouse and that the fire was ---- unintentionally by a human.

A) awarded B) ignitedC) guarded D) issued E) exposed

43. When a cream is applied onto the skin, it mostly evaporates or gets ---- into the skin.

A) absorbed B) purchasedC) cultivated D) provoked E) suspended

44. Eggplants provide dietary fibre in abundance which is essential for regulating and ---- smooth bowel movements.

A) overcoming B) outliningC) subscribing D) assaulting E) facilitating

45. Viewpoints in any way threatening to Nazi beliefs or to the regime were either ---- or eliminated from all media during the rule of the Nazis.

A) irrigated B) twinkledC) survived D) censored E) commenced

46. The tribe is known to have hunted animals that were plentiful in the mountains, ---- food from wild plants, and grown corn.

A) declined B) bargainedC) curtailed D) gathered E) falsified

47. Articulation therapy is mostly for children who need to enhance their speech and sounds, which have been ---- by some disorders.

A) fascinated B) hamperedC) harboured D) generated E) observed

48. Scientists can now ---- different spider species based on analysis of the DNA contained within their webs.

A) identify B) degradeC) handle D) receive E) penalize

49. When the general conquered the land was via warfare in which we had to ---- many soldiers to achieve his goal.

A) scrutinize B) activateC) sacrifice D) enclose E) classify

50. Almost eight tons of metal, primarily steel, were ---- from the demolished buildings and sent to recycling facilities.

A) persecuted B) reconciledC) sentenced D) combined E) salvaged

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SESSION 1 - TEST 3SESSION 1 - TEST 3

Documents

SESSION 1 - PART 1 4...SESSION 1 - PART 1 ..... 4 SESSION 1 - PART 2 ..... 8 1. abbreviate (bir kelimeyi veya bir yazıyı) kısaltmak = shorten • He abbreviated his first name to