Service Sector Energy Demand UK

Jonathan Stanley

Service Sector Energy Demand UK

Jonathan Stanley

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Classification of SectorClassification of Sector

Public Administration, Government buildings, NHS, MOD,

Education etc

Commercial, Financial & insurance, wholesalers, retailers, hotels, shops

etc

Agriculture, farms, agricultural machinery, tractors, combine Harvesters etc

Public Administration, Government buildings, NHS, MOD,

Education etc

Commercial, Financial & insurance, wholesalers, retailers, hotels, shops

etc

Agriculture, farms, agricultural machinery, tractors, combine Harvesters etc

Sector HighlightsSector Highlights

In 2008 this sector contributed 12.8% of the total UK energy demand of 6841 PJ

In 2008 demand for this sector was 829 PJ up 6.64% from 1970 The number of people employed in service sector (excluding agriculture) has

increased from 16,527 in 1978 to 25,574 in 2008 (up 54%) Between 1990 and 2008 private sector demand increased by 16 per cent. Over the same period, output, measured as a contribution to the UK economy,

nearly doubled. Gas demand increased by 374% from 1970 to 2008 Electricity demand increased by 156% from 1970 to 2008 Coal demand decreased by 99.5% from 1970 to 2008 Oil demand decreased by 84% from 1970 to 2008 Consumption from Micro generated renewable energy up from 5.7 PJ to 7.74

PJ (34%) from 1988 to 2008

In 2008 this sector contributed 12.8% of the total UK energy demand of 6841 PJ

In 2008 demand for this sector was 829 PJ up 6.64% from 1970 The number of people employed in service sector (excluding agriculture) has

increased from 16,527 in 1978 to 25,574 in 2008 (up 54%) Between 1990 and 2008 private sector demand increased by 16 per cent. Over the same period, output, measured as a contribution to the UK economy,

nearly doubled. Gas demand increased by 374% from 1970 to 2008 Electricity demand increased by 156% from 1970 to 2008 Coal demand decreased by 99.5% from 1970 to 2008 Oil demand decreased by 84% from 1970 to 2008 Consumption from Micro generated renewable energy up from 5.7 PJ to 7.74

PJ (34%) from 1988 to 2008

Breakdown of demandBreakdown of demand

Service Sector Energy Source Breakdown 2008

Oil8%

Gas46%

Coal 0.1%Renewables 1%

Electricity

Total Sector Energy Demand Breakdown 2008

Agriculture 5%

Public Administration 33%

Commercial 62%

Breakdown of demandBreakdown of demand

Agricultural Sector

Oil36%

Gas36%

Electricity28%

Commercial & Public Administration Sector

Heating46%

Other 7% Catering11%

Computing 3%

Cooling & Ventilation

5%

Hot Water 9%

Lighting 19%

Energy Intensity (Energy consumption per unit of output)

Energy Intensity (Energy consumption per unit of output)

Energy intensity has decreased in the sector from 153.4 in 1970 to 59.6 in 2008. (excluding Agriculture)

If this trend continues projected intensity will be 8 by 2030.

Driven by: Move away from coal to more

efficient gas for electricity generation

Lower use of direct oil & coal for heating

Improvements in building efficiency & regulations also making a contribution

Energy intensity has decreased in the sector from 153.4 in 1970 to 59.6 in 2008. (excluding Agriculture)

If this trend continues projected intensity will be 8 by 2030.

Driven by: Move away from coal to more

efficient gas for electricity generation

Lower use of direct oil & coal for heating

Improvements in building efficiency & regulations also making a contribution

Year

Energy consumption

PJ Floor area (Km2)

Average energy consumption PJ per

unit floor area

1998 844 714 1.18 1999 840 726 1.16 2000 851 768 1.11 2001 874 785 1.11 2002 779 801 0.97 2003 784 814 0.96 2004 812 826 0.98 2005 806 841 0.96 2006 788 858 0.92 2007 773 873 0.89

Year

Energy consumption

PJ Floor area (Km2)

Average energy consumption PJ per

unit floor area

1998 844 714 1.18 1999 840 726 1.16 2000 851 768 1.11 2001 874 785 1.11 2002 779 801 0.97 2003 784 814 0.96 2004 812 826 0.98 2005 806 841 0.96 2006 788 858 0.92 2007 773 873 0.89

Reduction in energy intensity per unit floor area from 1998 to 2007 (excluding agriculture)

Source: Extrapolated from DECC Energy Projections 2022

Demand Projections Demand Projections Energy Projections for the UK service Sector

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1970197219741976197819801982198419861988199019921994199619982000200220042006200820102012201420162018202020222024202620282030Years

Petajoules

Electricity

Gas

Oil

Coal

Renewables

Total

What factors will lower energy intensity and reduce overall demand by 2030

What factors will lower energy intensity and reduce overall demand by 2030

New commercial buildings subject to higher standards through continuous regulation - Insulation, lighting, passive heating

Retrofitting of existing commercial properties leading to improvements in efficiency of current facilities

Improvements in technology will decrease energy intensity further. LED lighting, intelligent lighting systems, IT systems, appliances, boilers

Carbon Reduction Commitment Energy Efficiency Scheme Increases in Energy Prices Behavioral changes in employees through energy awareness schemes and

general concern about climate change effects An increase in Building Integrated Renewable Energy (BIRE)

New commercial buildings subject to higher standards through continuous regulation - Insulation, lighting, passive heating

Retrofitting of existing commercial properties leading to improvements in efficiency of current facilities

Improvements in technology will decrease energy intensity further. LED lighting, intelligent lighting systems, IT systems, appliances, boilers

Carbon Reduction Commitment Energy Efficiency Scheme Increases in Energy Prices Behavioral changes in employees through energy awareness schemes and

general concern about climate change effects An increase in Building Integrated Renewable Energy (BIRE)

Final Demand ProjectionFinal Demand Projection

2000 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030Electricity PJ 341 370 385 398 393 389Gas PJ 398 389 412 424 418 412Oil PJ 96 60 59 58 54 52Coal PJ 2 1 1 1 0.6 0.2BI Renewables PJ 7 8 8.6 9.5 10.5 11.5Total PJ 845 827 865 891 877 864