75
SERIES 600 EARTHWORKS Contents Clause Title Page #601 Classification, Definitions and Uses of Earthworks Materials 2 602 General Requirements 4 603 Forming of Cuttings and Cutting Slopes 5 604 Excavation for Foundations 6 605 Special Requirements for Class 3 Material 7 606 Watercourses 7 #607 Explosives and Blasting for Excavation 8 608 Construction of Fills 9 609 Geotextiles Used to Separate Earthworks Materials 10 610 Fill to Structures 11 611 Fill Above Structural Concrete Foundations 12 612 Compaction of Fills 12 613 Sub-formation and Capping 14 614 Cement Stabilisation to Form Capping 16 615 Lime Stabilisation to Form Capping 17 616 Preparation and Surface Treatment of Formation 18 617 Use of Sub-formation or Formation by Construction Plant 19 618 (05/01) Topsoiling 19 619 Earthwork Environmental Bunds 20 620 Landscape Areas 20 621 Strengthened Embankments 20 622 Earthworks for Reinforced Soil and Anchored Earth Structures 20 623 Earthworks for Corrugated Steel Buried Structures 21 624 Ground Anchorages 22 625 Crib Walling 22 626 Gabions 23 627 Swallow Holes and Other Naturally Occurring Cavities 23 628 Disused Mine Workings 23 629 Instrumentation and Monitoring 23 630 Ground Improvement 23 631 Earthworks Materials Tests 24 #632 Determination of Moisture Condition Value (MCV) of Earthworks Materials 24 633 Determination of Undrained Shear Strength of Remoulded Cohesive Material 25 634 (11/05) Determination of Intact Lump Dry Density (IDD) of Chalk 25 635 (05/04) Los Angeles and Other Tests for Particle Soundness 25 636 Determination of Effective Angle of Internal Friction (j/) and Effective Cohesion (c/) of Earthworks Materials 25 MANUAL OF CONTRACT DOCUMENTS FOR HIGHWAY WORKS VOLUME 1 SPECIFICATION FOR HIGHWAY WORKS Amendment - November 2009 1 Clause Title Page 637 Determination of Resistivity (rs) to Assess Corrosivity of Soil, Rock or Earthworks Materials 26 638 Determination of Redox Potential (Eh) to Assess Corrosivity of Earthworks Materials for Reinforced Soil and Anchored Earth Structures 27 639 Determination of Coefficient of Friction and Adhesion Between Fill and Reinforcing Elements or Anchor Elements for Reinforced Soil and Anchored Earth Structures 27 640 Determination of Permeability of Earthworks Materials 28 641 Determination of Available Lime Content of Lime for Lime Stabilised Capping 28 642 Determination of the Constrained Soil Modulus (M*) of Earthworks Materials for Corrugated Steel Buried Structures 28 643 (05/01) Lime and Cement Stabilisation to Form Capping 29 644 (11/03) Determination of Sulfate Content 30 (05/04) Tables 6/1 to 6/6 31 NATIONAL ALTERATIONS OF THE OVERSEEING ORGANISATIONS OF SCOTLAND, WALES AND NORTHERN IRELAND Scotland Clause Title Page 601TS (11/06) Classification, Definitions and Uses of Earthworks Materials S1 632TS (11/06) Determination of Moisture Condition Value (MCV) of Earthworks Materials in Scotland S3 Northern Ireland 601NI Classification, Definitions and Uses of Earthworks Materials N1 607NI Explosives and Blasting for Excavation N3 # denotes a Clause or Sample Appendix which has a substitute National Clause or Sample Appendix for one or more of the Overseeing Organisations of Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

SERIES 600 EARTHWORKS - Site Clearance & Aggregates · SERIES 600 EARTHWORKS Contents Clause Title Page ... unacceptable material (other than Class U2) shall be processed by mechanical,

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

SERIES 600 EARTHWORKS

ContentsClause Title Page

#601 Classification,DefinitionsandUsesof EarthworksMaterials 2

602 GeneralRequirements 4

603 FormingofCuttingsandCuttingSlopes 5

604 ExcavationforFoundations 6

605 SpecialRequirementsforClass3Material 7

606 Watercourses 7

#607 ExplosivesandBlastingforExcavation 8

608 ConstructionofFills 9

609 GeotextilesUsedtoSeparateEarthworks Materials 10

610 FilltoStructures 11

611 FillAboveStructuralConcreteFoundations 12

612 CompactionofFills 12

613 Sub-formationandCapping 14

614 CementStabilisationtoFormCapping 16

615 LimeStabilisationtoFormCapping 17

616 PreparationandSurfaceTreatmentof Formation 18

617 UseofSub-formationorFormationby ConstructionPlant 19

618 (05/01)Topsoiling 19

619 EarthworkEnvironmentalBunds 20

620 LandscapeAreas 20

621 StrengthenedEmbankments 20

622 EarthworksforReinforcedSoiland AnchoredEarthStructures 20

623 EarthworksforCorrugatedSteelBuried Structures 21

624 GroundAnchorages 22

625 CribWalling 22

626 Gabions 23

627 SwallowHolesandOtherNaturally OccurringCavities 23

628 DisusedMineWorkings 23

629 InstrumentationandMonitoring 23

630 GroundImprovement 23

631 EarthworksMaterialsTests 24

#632 DeterminationofMoistureCondition Value(MCV)ofEarthworksMaterials 24

633 DeterminationofUndrainedShearStrength ofRemouldedCohesiveMaterial 25

634 (11/05)DeterminationofIntactLumpDry Density(IDD)ofChalk 25

635 (05/04)LosAngelesandOtherTestsfor ParticleSoundness 25

636 DeterminationofEffectiveAngleof InternalFriction(j/)andEffective Cohesion(c/)ofEarthworksMaterials 25

MANUAL OF CONTRACT DOCUMENTS FOR HIGHWAY WORKS VOLUME 1 SPECIFICATION FOR HIGHWAY WORKS

Amendment-November2009 1

Clause Title Page637 DeterminationofResistivity(rs)toAssess CorrosivityofSoil,RockorEarthworks Materials 26

638 DeterminationofRedoxPotential(Eh)to AssessCorrosivityofEarthworks MaterialsforReinforcedSoiland AnchoredEarthStructures 27

639 DeterminationofCoefficientofFriction andAdhesionBetweenFillandReinforcing ElementsorAnchorElementsfor ReinforcedSoilandAnchoredEarth Structures 27

640 DeterminationofPermeabilityof EarthworksMaterials 28

641 DeterminationofAvailableLimeContent ofLimeforLimeStabilisedCapping 28

642 DeterminationoftheConstrainedSoil Modulus(M*)ofEarthworksMaterials forCorrugatedSteelBuriedStructures 28

643 (05/01)LimeandCementStabilisationto FormCapping 29

644 (11/03)DeterminationofSulfateContent 30

(05/04)Tables6/1to6/6 31

NATIONAL ALTERATIONS OF THE OVERSEEING ORGANISATIONS OF SCOTLAND, WALES AND NORTHERN IRELAND

Scotland

Clause Title Page601TS (11/06)Classification,DefinitionsandUses ofEarthworksMaterials S1

632TS (11/06)DeterminationofMoisture ConditionValue(MCV)ofEarthworks MaterialsinScotland S3

Northern Ireland601NI Classification,DefinitionsandUsesof EarthworksMaterials N1

607NI ExplosivesandBlastingforExcavation N3

# denotesaClauseorSampleAppendixwhichhasasubstituteNational ClauseorSampleAppendixforoneormoreoftheOverseeing OrganisationsofScotland,WalesorNorthernIreland.

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

EARTHWORKS

#601 Classification, Definitions and Uses of Earthworks Materials

General Classification

1 Earthworksmaterialsshallfallintooneorotherofthefollowinggeneralclassifications:

(i) acceptablematerial:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSiteorimportedontotheSitewhichmeetstherequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1foracceptabilityforuseinthePermanentWorks;

(ii) (11/04)unacceptablematerialClassU1Aasdefinedinsub-Clauses2(i)(a)and2(i)(b)ofthisClause:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSitewhich,unlessprocessedsothatitmeetstherequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1,shallnotbeusedinthePermanentWorks;

(iii) (11/04)unacceptablematerialClassU1Basdefinedinsub-Clause2(ii)(a)ofthisClause:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSitewhich,unlessprocessedsothatitmeetstherequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1,shallnotbeusedinthePermanentWorks;and

(iv) (11/04)unacceptablematerialClassU2asdefinedinsub-Clause3(i)ofthisClause:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSitewhichshallnotbeusedinthePermanentWorks.

(11/04) Unacceptable Materials

2 (11/04)UnacceptablematerialClassesU1AandU1B:

(i) (11/04)unacceptablematerialClassU1Ashallbe:

(a) (11/04)materialwhichdoesnotcomplywiththepermittedconstituentsandmaterialpropertiesofTable6/1andAppendix6/1foracceptablematerial;and

(b) (11/04)material,orconstituentsofmaterials,composedofthefollowingunlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/1:

• peat,materialsfromswamps,marshesandbogs;

• logs,stumpsandperishablematerial;

• materialsinafrozencondition;

• clayhavingaliquidlimitdeterminedinaccordancewithBS1377:Part2,exceeding90orplasticityindexdeterminedinaccordancewithBS1377:Part2,exceeding65;

• materialsusceptibletospontaneouscombustionexceptunburntcollieryspoilcomplyingwithsub-Clause15ofthisClause;

(ii) (11/04)unacceptablematerialClassU1Bshallbe:

(a) (11/05)contaminatedmaterials,includingcontrolledwastes(asdefinedintheEnvironmentalProtectionAct1990PartIIA)whoselevelofcontaminationisabovethatgiveneitherinAppendix6/14orinAppendix6/15,butexcludingallhazardouswastes(asdefinedintheHazardousWaste(EnglandandWales)Regulations2005)andradioactivewastes(asdefinedintheRadioactiveSubstancesAct1993).

3 UnacceptablematerialClassU2shallbe:

(i) (11/05)hazardouswaste(asdefinedintheHazardousWaste(EnglandandWales)Regulations2005)andradioactivewaste(asdefinedintheRadioactiveSubstancesAct1993).

4 (11/04)WhererequiredinAppendix6/1,unacceptablematerial(otherthanClassU2)shallbeprocessedbymechanical,chemicalorothermeanstorenderthematerialacceptableforuseinthePermanentWorksinaccordancewiththerequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1.

Definitions

5 Chalkshallmean:

(i) anyporousmaterialofnaturalorigincomposedessentiallyofcalciumcarbonate

Amendment-November2005 2

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

andidentifiedaschalkonthemapsproducedbytheBritishGeologicalSurvey;

(ii) materialdesignatedasClass3inAppendix6/1.

6 Argillaceousrockshallmeanshalesmudstonessiltstonesslatesandmicaceousschistscomposedofparticlesofclayandsiltandmica.Itshallincludeunburntcollieryspoil.

7 Pulverised-fuelashshallmeansolidmaterialextractedbyelectrostaticandmechanicalmeansfromthefluegasesoffurnacesfiredwithpulverisedbituminouscoal.Itshallhaveamaximumparticlesizeof3mm.

8 Furnacebottomashshallmeanagglomeratedpulverised-fuelashobtainedfromthebottomofthepowerstationfurnaceandhavingparticlesizenolargerthan10mm.

9 Formationshallbethetopsurfaceofcapping.Wherenocappingisrequiredformationshallbethetopsurfaceofearthworksattheundersideofsub-base,unlessotherwiseshownontheDrawings.

10 Sub-formationshallbethetopsurfaceofearthworksattheundersideofcapping.

11 (05/01)Stabilisationshallmeanthespreadingofcementorlimeorbothonalayerofdepositedorintactgranularorcohesivematerial,andthesubsequentprocessofpulverisingandmixingfollowedbyappropriatecompactiontoformthewholeoraconstituentlayerofacapping.

12 (11/07)Where‘recycledaggregate’isusedinthisSeries,thematerialshallbeaggregateresultingfromtheprocessingofmaterialusedinaconstructionprocess.TheaggregateshallhavebeentestedinaccordancewithClause710,andthecontentofothermaterials(ClassX)includingwood,plasticandmetalshallnotexceed1%bymass.Where‘recycledaggregateexceptrecycledasphalt’isusedinthisSeries,theaggregateshallhavebeentestedinaccordancewithClause710.Contentofasphalt(mineralaggregatewithabituminousbinder)shallnotexceed2%bymass,andthecontentofothermaterials(ClassX)includingwood,plasticandmetalshallnotexceed1%bymass.

Use of Fill Materials

13 (05/01)Inadditiontoanygradingrequirementsthemaximumparticlesizeofanyfillmaterialshallbenomorethantwo-thirdsofthecompactedlayerthicknessexceptthatcobbleshavinganequivalentdiameterofmorethan150mmshallnotbedepositedbeneathvergesorcentralreserveswithin1.30mofthefinishedsurface.

Amendment-November2009 3

14 (11/07)Materialshallnotbedepositedwithin500mm,orotherdistancesdescribedinAppendix6/3,ofconcrete,cementboundmaterials,othercementitiousmaterialsorstabilisedcappingformingpartofthePermanentWorksif,whentestedinaccordancewithTRLReport447either:

(i) (11/05)thewater-solublesulfate(WS)contentexceeds1500mgofsulfate(asSO4)perlitre(TestNo.1);or

(ii) (11/09)theoxidisablesulfides(OS)contentexceeds0.5%ofsulfate(asSO4)(TestNo.2andTestNo.4);or

(iii) (11/09)unlessotherwisespecifiedinTable6/1orTable6/3,the2:1watertosoilextractpreparedforthedeterminationofwater-solublesulfatein(i)hasapHvalueoflessthan7.2,whentestedusingtheelectrometricmethodofpHdeterminationinaccordancewithBS1377-3.

(11/09)AtleastfivesamplesofeachmaterialshallbetestedforWS,OSandpHvalue.Themeanofthehighesttwovaluesshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.Thisalsoappliesifsixtonineresultsareavailable.Iftenormoreresultsareavailable,themeanofthehighest20%oftheresultsshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.

15 (11/07)Materialshallnotbedepositedwithin500mm,orotherdistancesdescribedinAppendix6/3,ofmetallicstructuralelementsformingpartofthePermanentWorksif,whentestedinaccordancewithTRLReport447either:

(i) (11/05)thewater-solublesulfate(WS)contentexceeds300mgofsulfate(asSO4)perlitre(TestNo.1);or

(ii) theoxidisablesulfides(OS)contentexceeds0.06%ofsulfate(asSO4)(TestNos.2and4).

(11/05)AtleastfivesamplesofeachmaterialshallbetestedforWSandOS.Themeanofthehighesttwovaluesshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.Thisalsoappliesifsixtonineresultsareavailable.Iftenormoreresultsareavailable,themeanofthehighest20%oftheresultsshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.(11/07)Therequirementsin(i)and(ii)aboveshallnotapplytometallicitemsprotectedbyconcreteandancillarymetallicitemssuchasthetopsofchambersandgullies.16 (05/01)UnburntcollieryspoilmaybeusedasgeneralfillprovideditiscompactedincompliancewithClause612andcomplieswiththerequirementsofAppendix6/1.

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

17 (05/01)Pulverised-fuelashshallnotbeplacedwithinthedimensiondescribedinAppendix6/3,belowsub-formationorformation.

18 (05/01)Wherepulverised-fuelashisused,theContractorshallforeachconsignment,makeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationarecordofthetypeandsourceofthematerialandthenameofthepowerstationfromwhichitwasobtainedandacertificateofresultsoftestsshowingthatthematerialcomplieswiththerequirementsofTable6/1.

602 General Requirements

1 TheContractorshallemployonlyplantandworkingmethodswhicharesuitedtothematerialstobehandledandtraversed.HeshallberesponsibleformaintainingthenatureoftheacceptablematerialsothatwhenitisplacedandcompacteditremainsacceptableinaccordancewiththeContract.AcceptabilityshallbedeterminedinaccordancewithTable6/1andanyspecialrequirementsinAppendix6/1.

2 HaulageofmaterialtoembankmentsorotherareasoffillshallproceedonlywhensufficientspreadingandcompactionplantisoperatingattheplaceofdepositiontoensurecompliancewithClause612.

3 (11/04)Noexcavatedacceptablematerialorunacceptablematerialrequiredtobeprocessed,otherthansurplustotherequirementsoftheContract,shallberemovedfromtheSiteunlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/1.MaterialwhichisunacceptableonlybyreasonofbeingfrozenshallberetainedonSitewheninthatcondition.WheretheContractorispermittedtoremoveacceptablematerial,orunacceptablematerialrequiredtobeprocessed,fromtheSitetosuithisoperationalprocedure,thenheshallmakegoodanyconsequentdeficitofmaterialarisingtherefrom.EnvironmentalrequirementsforprocessingofClassU1Bmaterial,intermsoflimitingvaluesofcontaminantsorotherrequirements,shallbesetoutinAppendix6/1intheearthworksClassforwhichtheprocessedmaterialistobeused.

4 Ifanyacceptablematerialorunacceptablematerialrequiredtobeprocessedis,wherepermittedbyAppendix6/1,usedbytheContractorforpurposesotherthanforgeneralfill,sufficientacceptablefillmaterialtooccupy,afterfullcompaction,avolumecorrespondingtothatwhichtheexcavatedmaterialoccupiedshallbeprovidedbytheContractor.

5 (11/04)Acceptablematerial(otherthanClass5AoranyClass5BmaterialreplacingClass5Amaterialinaccordancewithsub-Clause3ofthisClause)surplustothetotalrequirementsofthePermanentWorksandall

unacceptablematerialClassU1Anotrequiredtobeprocessedshall,unlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/1,beruntospoilintipsprovidedbytheContractor.Inthecaseofunacceptablematerial,ClassU1BandClassU2,theContractorshallcomplywithanyspecificrequirementsfordisposaldescribedinAppendix6/2.

6 WheretheexcavationrevealsacombinationofacceptableandunacceptablematerialstheContractorshall,unlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/3,carryouttheexcavationinsuchamannerthattheacceptablematerialsareexcavatedseparatelyforuseinthePermanentWorkswithoutcontaminationbytheunacceptablematerials.UnlessotherwisedescribedintheContractClassesoffillmaterialrequiredtobedepositedseparatelyshallbeexcavatedseparatelywithoutcontaminationbyotherClassesofmaterial.

7 TheContractorshallmakehisownarrangementsforstockpilingofacceptablematerial,andunacceptablematerialtobeprocessed,andfortheprovisionofsitesforthepurpose.

8 TheContractorshallensurethathedoesnotadverselyaffectthestabilityofexcavationsorfillsbyhismethodsofstockpilingmaterials,useofplantorsitingoftemporarybuildingsorstructures.

9 (05/01)Existingtopsoilmaterialshall,exceptwhereitistobeleftinplaceinthelocationsdescribedinAppendix6/8,bestrippedtodepthsasdescribedinAppendix6/8forClass5Amaterialfromallareasofcuttingandfromallareastobecoveredbyembankmentorbyotherareasoffill.WherestatedinAppendix6/8existingtopsoilshallbestrippedasturfinaccordancewithsub-Clause3005.13.

10 (05/01)Topsoilshallwhereverpracticablebeusedimmediatelyafteritsstrippingandifnotshallbestoredinstockpilesofheightsnotexceeding2morotherheightsstatedinAppendix6/8.UnlessotherwisestatedinAppendix6/8,topsoilshallnotbestockpiledformorethantwoyears.Topsoilshallnotbeunnecessarilytraffickedeitherbeforestrippingorwheninastockpile.Stockpilesshallnotbesurchargedorotherwiseloadedandmultiplehandlingshallbekepttoaminimum.

11 AllClass5AtopsoilarisingfromtheSite,oranyClass5BmaterialreplacingClass5Amaterialinaccordancewithsub-Clause3ofthisClause,inexcessoftherequirementsfortopsoiling,shallbesubjecttotherequirementsdescribedinAppendix6/8.

12 Excavationsforfoundationsandtrenchesshallbeadequatelysupportedatalltimes,andexceptwhereotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/3,shallnotbebattered.WhereexcavationsarepermittedtobebatteredtheyshallbebenchedasdescribedinAppendix6/3

Amendment-November2009 4

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

priortobackfillingandcompaction.TheadditionalworkandmaterialsshallbeprovidedbytheContractor.SheetingandotherexcavationsupportsshallberemovedasfillingproceedsexceptwheretheyarerequiredinAppendix6/3tobeleftinposition.

13 Excavationsrequiringbackfillingshallremainopenonlyfortheminimumperiodnecessary.

14 Excavationsrequiringbackfillinginexistingpavedorothersurfaces,includingthosepavedareastobereconstructedorrepaired,shallbecarriedoutandreinstatedincompliancewithClause706.

15 TheContractorshallkeepearthworksfreeofwaterincluding:

(i) arrangingfortherapidremovalofwater:

(a) shedontotheearthworks;

(b) enteringtheearthworksfromanysource;

(ii) loweringandmaintainingbyappropriatemeasures,thewaterlevelinexcavations,sufficientlytoenablethePermanentWorkstobeconstructed.

16 Incarryingouttherequirementsofsub-Clause15ofthisClausetheContractorshall:

(i) formandmaintaincuttings,embankmentsandotherareasoffillwithappropriatefallsandgradientandsealedsurfaces;

(ii) providewherenecessarytemporarywatercourses,drains,pumpingandthelike;

(iii) dischargeaccumulatedwaterandgroundwaterintothepermanentoutfallsofthedrainagesystemwherepracticable;

(iv) provideadequatemeansfortrappingsiltontemporarysystemsdischargingintopermanentdrainagesystems.

17 TheContractorshallcarryoutandmaintainanygroundwaterloweringorothertreatmentrequiredinAppendix6/1.

18 (11/04)WherematerialsaredesignatedintheContractaseitherClassU1BorClassU2,theContractorshallcarryoutanyspecialrequirementsfortheirhandlingdescribedinAppendix6/2.WheresuchmaterialsareencounteredduringtheprogressoftheWorks,theContractorshallmakeallnecessaryarrangementsfortheirsafehandlinganddisposalafterconsultationwiththeappropriateenvironmentalauthority.

19 (05/04)SubjecttothesurfaceleveltolerancesgiveninClause613andsub-Clause616.1,materialshallnotbefrostsusceptibleifitisusedwithin450mmofthe

designedfinalsurfaceofaroadorpavedcentralreserve,or350mmiftheannualfrostindexofthesiteislessthan50.Materialshallbeclassifiedasnon-frost-susceptibleifthemeanheaveis15mmorless,whentestedinaccordancewithBS812:Part124:1989,orBS1924:Part2:1990forlimestabilisedcapping,amendedasgiveninsub-Clause801.7.

603 Forming of Cuttings and Cutting Slopes

1 CuttingsshallbeexcavatedtothelinesandlevelsdescribedinAppendix6/3.

2 CuttingslopesortoesofcuttingsshallonlybeundercutwhenrequiredintheContractfortrenchorotherexcavations.SuchexcavationsshallberestrictedinextentasdescribedinAppendix6/3andwheretheyrequirebackfillingshallremainopenonlyfortheminimumperiodnecessary,soastopreventrisktothePermanentWorks.

3 ExceptwhereotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/3,theexcavationofcuttingsmaybehaltedatanystageprovidingatleast300mmofmaterialasaweatherprotectionisleftinplaceabovetheformationorabovethesub-formation,subjecttotherequirementsofClauses613and616.

4 Wherepre-splitblastingisrequiredorpermittedinAppendix6/3,itshallcomplywithClause607andanyotherrequirementsinAppendix6/3.FulldetailsofthemethodsandarrangementstobeadoptedshallbemadeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationbeforecommencementofdrillingoperations.

5 Finalfacesofcuttingswhicharenottoreceivetopsoilshall:

(i) whereverpossiblebeleftwithoutscarsordamagefromconstructionplant;and

(ii) toachieveanaturalappearance,whenthestratumpermitsandwhenpre-splitblastingisnotadopted,havethefaceleftirregularwithintolerancesgiveninAppendix6/3;and

(iii) havebouldersorotherrockfragmentsthatcanbemovedbyhandwithouttools,removed;and

(iv) whererequiredinAppendix6/3havematerialthatcanbeblownawaybyairlinehose,havingpressuresnogreaterthanthosestatedtherein,soremoved;and

(v) haveadequateaccesstoenableinspectiontobecarriedouttodeterminetheextentofworkrequiredbythissub-Clause.

6 WhererequiredinAppendix6/3,facesofcuttingswhicharenotrequiredtoreceivetopsoilshallhaveone

Amendment-November2009 5

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

ormoreofthefollowingmeasurescarriedoutasappropriate:

(i) (11/03)Isolatedpatchesofsoft,fragmentedandinsecurematerialshalleachbeexcavatedtoadepthofatleast200mmunlessotherdepthsarestatedinAppendix6/3andreplacedassoonaspracticablewithST2concretetoClause2602wellrammedintothecleanedoutvoid.

(ii) Areasofcuttingfacerequiringtheirsurfacetobemadestableshallbetrimmedbackbyanominal50mmorotheramountrequiredinAppendix6/3andtheresultingsurfacetogetherwithanareaofanysurroundingintactmaterialasdetailedinAppendix6/3,shallhaveasuitablecementbasedgroutorsprayedconcrete,appliedbypressuretoformatotalnominalthicknessof40mmunlesstherequiredthicknessisstatedinAppendix6/3.WhererequiredinAppendix6/3,reinforcementshallbefixedtothesurfacebeforeapplicationoftheconcreteorgrout.WeepholesusingpermanentformersshallbeconstructedtotherequirementsofAppendix6/3andatthelocationsdescribedinAppendix6/3.

(iii) (11/03)Softorinsecurematerial,interlayeredwithrockshallbeexcavatedtothedepthbehindthefacedescribedinAppendix6/3.TheresultingcavityshallbefilledwithST2concretetoClause2602orwithmasonryinfillcomplyingwiththeSeries2400andprovidedwithweepholesallinaccordancewithrequirementsinAppendix6/3.

(iv) NettingorothersheetcoveringasdescribedinAppendix6/3orrockboltsasdescribedinAppendix6/10.

7 (05/01)WhererequiredinAppendix6/3,facesofcuttingswhicharetoreceivetopsoilshallhaveoneormoreofthefollowingmeasurescarriedoutasappropriate:

(i) BebenchedtoretaintopsoilasdescribedinAppendix6/3.

(ii) Beharrowedtoadepthof50mm.Suchharrowingshallbecarriedoutimmediatelypriortotopsoiling,diagonally,atananglebetween5ºto45ºtothelineofthetoe,measuredontheplaneoftheslope.

(iii) Isolatedpatchesofsoft,fragmentedorinsecurematerialshallbeexcavatedandeither:

(a) filledbywellramminginaClassoffillwithsimilarcharacteristicsasthesurroundingintactmaterial;or

(b) excavatedanddealtwithasdescribedinsub-Clause6(i)ofthisClause.

(iv) OtherareasrequiredtobemadestableshallbedealtwithasstatedinAppendix6/3.

8 Theconcrete,referredtoinsub-Clauses6(i)and6(iii)ofthisClause,permanentlyexposedonthefaceofthecuttingshallhavesurfacefeaturesasnearlyaspossiblematchingthoseoftheadjacentintactface.Suchconcreteandthegroutreferredtoinsub-Clause6(ii)ofthisClauseshallhaveaconsistentcolourasnearlyaspossiblematchingthatoftheadjacentintactface.

604 Excavation for Foundations

1 (11/09)ThebottomofallfoundationexcavationsshallbeformedtothelinesandlevelsshownontheDrawings.PocketsofsoftsoilorlooserockshallberemovedandtheresultingvoidsandanynaturalvoidsshallbefilledwithST1concretetoClause2602(orothermaterialasrequiredbyAppendix6/3)exceptinexcavationsforcorrugatedsteelburiedstructureswhenClass6KlowerbeddingfillmaterialcomplyingwithTable6/1shallbeused.

AfterplacingofanyblindingconcreteshownontheDrawings,notrimmingofthesidefacesoftheexcavationshallbecarriedoutfor24hours.

2 TheContractorshallmakegood:

(i) (11/09)anylateraloverbreakoftheexcavationabovethebottomofthefoundationgreaterthanthenetvolumerequiredforthePermanentWorkswithmaterialofthesameClassasusedforfillabovestructuralconcretefoundationstocomplywithClause611(exceptthatforcorrugatedsteelburiedstructuresClass6Klowerbeddingmaterialshallbeused)or,wheretheexcavationistoonarrowtoallowthecompactionofearthworksmaterials,withST1concretetoClause2602;

(ii) (11/09)anyadditionalexcavationatorbelowthebottomoffoundations,includingthatresultingfromremovalofmaterialwhichtheContractorhasallowedtodeteriorate,withST1concretetoClause2602(orothermaterialrequiredbyAppendix6/3)exceptthatundercorrugatedsteelburiedstructuresClass6Klowerbeddingmaterialshallbeused.

Amendment-November2009 6

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

3 Class6KlowerbeddingmaterialreferredtointhisClauseshallbedepositedandcompactedincompliancewithClauses608and612andTable6/1.

605 Special Requirements for Class 3 Material

1 WhenAppendix6/1designatesamaterialasClass3tobeusedortoremainintactinthePermanentWorksthefollowingshallapply:

(i) NoearthworksinvolvingClass3materialortraffickingofareaswhichconsistofClass3material,unlesstheyareprotected,shallbecarriedoutduringtheperiodsdescribedinAppendix6/4.

(ii) ExcavationofClass3materialshallbebymeansofafaceshovel,whichshallexcavate,swingandunloadwithoutmovingthechassisorundercarriageduringoneoperatingcycle,orbymeansofasimilarshovel-loadingmachine,soastoreducethedegradationofthematerialtoaminimum.

(iii) WhenexcavatingClass3materialtheContractorshallarrangehismethodofworkingsoastomaintainaworkingfaceofminimumheight3morotherheightrequiredinAppendix6/4withinClass3materialexceptthatwherethedepthofthecuttingislessthan3mthefullheightofClass3materialshallformtheworkingfaceexcludinganyprotectionrequiredtotheformationorsub-formation.

(iv) MaterialotherthanchalkcontainedwithinthevolumedesignatedasClass3materialintheContractshallbeexcavatedanddepositedseparatelyfromchalkandnotbemixedwithit.

(v) TraffickingofareasofClass3materialshallnotbepermittedbyvehicleshavingacapacitywhenstruckofmorethan15m3unlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/4.

(vi) Class3materialshallnotbestockpiledorbesubjectedtomultiplehandling.

(vii) Class3materialshallnot,unlessrequiredinAppendix6/4,belayeredwithotherfillmaterialintheconstructionofembankmentsandotherareasoffill.

(viii) WhenrequiredinAppendix6/4embankmentsandotherareasoffillconstructedofClass3materialshalleither:

(a) uponreachingalevel600mmbelow

sub-formationor,wherethereisnocapping,alevel600mmbelowformation,beleftforaminimumof4weeksorotherperiodstatedinAppendix6/4,beforecontinuingfillingwhichshall,inallcases,becontinuedincompliancewithsub-Clause608.9;or

(b) becontinuedabovesub-formationorformationwithaprotectivelayerinaccordancewithsub-Clause608.9(ii)butwhichshallbeofClass3material.Suchmaterialshallthenbeleftforaminimumof4weeksorotherperiodstatedinAppendix6/4beforeremovaloftheprotectivelayerandshallbeimmediatelycontinuedwiththepreparationofsub-formationorformation,asappropriate,inaccordancewithClauses613and616.

(ix) Wheretemporaryinstabilityoccursinchalkduringdepositionorcompactionduetoexcessiveworkingbyplantortoinclementweather,theContractorshalldelaythefurtherdepositionofClass3materialuntilthechalkhasrecoveredsufficientstrengthforworktoproceed.AdetailedrecordoftheareasofinstabilityshallbemadeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisation.

(x) Attheendofeachworkingdayoffilling,exposedClass3materiallaidthatdayshall,unlessotherwisestatedinAppendix6/4berolledwithtwopassesofasmoothwheeledrollerhavingamasspermetrewidthofrollexceeding2100kg.

(xi) TheotherspecialrequirementsforClass3materialdescribedinsub-Clauses613.11(i),613.12(i),616.1(ii)and616.3shallalsoapply,togetherwithanyotherspecialrequirementsdescribedinAppendix6/1orAppendix6/4.

606 Watercourses

1 Theclearanceandmodificationofexisting,ortheconstructionofnewwatercourses,includingditches,streams,rivers,lagoonsandponds,shallbeasdescribedinAppendix6/3includinganyprotection,lining,revetmentorotherworksandshallcomplywithsub-Clauses2to4ofthisClause.

2 Clearanceofexistingwatercoursesshallincludetheremovalofvegetation,vegetablematterandallotherdepositswithinthewatercourseprofile.Materialsresultingfromthisclearanceshallbedealtwithasunacceptablematerial.

Amendment-November2009 7

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

3 Newwatercoursesandclearedexistingwatercoursesshallbemaintainedinaclearcondition.

4 Redundantwatercoursesshall,whererequiredinAppendix6/3,bedrainedandclearedinaccordancewithsub-Clause2ofthisClauseandmaterialoutsidethewatercourseprofileexcavatedanddealtwithasunacceptablematerial.TheexcavationsshallbetothedimensionsstatedintheContractandthewholefilledwithgeneralorselectedfillsoftheClassdescribedinAppendix6/3complyingwithTable6/1depositedandcompactedincompliancewithClause608and612.Wherethesurfaceistoremainexposeditshallbetopsoiledandseeded,orreceiveothertreatment,allasdescribedinAppendix6/3.

#607 Explosives and Blasting for Excavation

1 BlastingforexcavationshallnotbeemployedunlesspermittedorrequiredinAppendix6/3andsuchblastingshallbeconfinedtothelocationsandtowithinthetimelimitsstatedtherein.

2 TheContractorshall:

(i) notcarryoutplastershooting;

(ii) foreachlocationwhereblastingistobeundertaken,givewrittennoticetotheOverseeingOrganisationoftheprogrammeofblasting,includingtrialexplosions,atleast10daysbeforeitcommencesandgivewrittennoticeofeachblastingeventasdescribedin(v)below,atleast12hoursbeforehand;

(iii) carryouttrialexplosionsstartingwithreducedquantitiesofexplosiveinordertodeterminethesizeoftheactualexplosivechargesandtheirdisposition,foruseinthemainblastingoperations,soasnottoexceedthevaluesforvibrationalamplitudeandvibrationalpeakparticlevelocitystatedin(vi)belowatthepositionsdescribedtherein;

(iv) determinedangerzoneslikelytobecreatedbytheblastingoperations,includingtrialexplosions,withinwhichblastedmaterialmaybeprojectedandutilisesuitablearrangementsincludingTemporaryWorks,toretainsuchprojectilesandensurethatnoinjuryordamageiscausedtopersonsorpropertythereby;

(v) limitblastingtoasmallnumberofeventsduringpermittedhoursperday,whereaneventshallcompriseasingleexplosionoragroupofexplosionseachseparatedbyashorttimeinterval,thegrouplastinglessthanaminute;

(vi) ensurethat:

(a) structuresandearthworks,existingorunderconstruction,onandofftheSite,donotexperience,duringblastingoperationsincludingtrialexplosions,avibrationalamplitudeexceeding0.2mmandaresultantpeakparticlevelocityexceeding50mmpersecond,orotherlimitsstatedinAppendix6/3,atthesametimeorindividually;and

(b) peakoverpressures,ofmagnitudesuchastoendangerwindowsandglazedareasofstructures,donotoccur.

(vii) whereinstrumentationandmonitoringisappropriate:

(a) rigidlyfixtostructuresandinsertinearthworksdescribedin(vi)(a)above,suitableinstrumentstomeasurethevibrationalamplitudeandresultantvibrationalpeakparticlevelocity,andpeakoverpressures,experiencedduringblastingoperationsincludingtrialexplosions;

(b) makeavailabledetailsoftheproposedinstrumentationwithintheSite;

(c) unlessotherwisestipulatedinAppendix6/3,makehisownarrangementsforinstallinginstrumentsonpropertyofftheSiteincludingnegotiatingwithlandownersandotherinterestedparties;

(d) readsuchinstrumentsandtakemeasurementsthroughouttheperiodofblastingoperations,includingtrialexplosions;

(e) forinstrumentsonstructuresorearthworksontheSiteand,whererequiredinAppendix6/3,onpropertyofftheSite,makeavailabletheresultstotheOverseeingOrganisationattheendofeachday’sblasting.

(viii) takemeasurementsofvibrationalamplitudeandpeakparticlevelocityineachofthreemutuallyperpendicularplanesanddeterminethepeakvalue,takenasthemaximumresultantcalculatedbyvectorsummationofthethreecomponentsofamplitudeandvelocityrespectively,measuredasinstantaneouslyastheresolutionoftherecordinginstrumentpermits;

Amendment-November2009 8

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

(ix) ensurethatnoisefromblastingoperationsiscontrolledinaccordancewithClause109;

(x) useexplosivesinthequantitiesandinthemannerrecommendedbythemanufacturer;

(xi) storeexplosivesinregisteredpremisesinalicensedstoreormagazineprovidedwithaseparatecompartmentfordetonatorsorusethemunderanImmediateUseCertificateissuedbythepolice;

(xii) onlypermitexplosivestobeusedorhandledbyorundertheimmediatecontrolofacompetentpersoninaccordancewiththeConstruction(GeneralProvisions)Regulations1961(Regulation19)andsubsequentamendingRegulations;

(xiii) ensurethereisnounauthorisedissueorimproperuseofexplosivesbroughtontheSiteandmaintainastrictcheckonquantitiesissuedandconsumed;

(xiv) complywiththerequirementsofBS6657inrespectoftheuseofelectricaldetonatorsinthevicinityofstaticandmobileradiotransmitters,includingnormalradioandtelevisionbroadcastingstationsandradarunitsassociatedwithaircraftmovements,electricitygeneratingplantandtransmissionlines.

608 Construction of Fills

1 Allfills,includingembankments,shallbeconstructed:

(i) inthelocationsdescribedinAppendix6/3tothelinesandlevelsstatedtherein;

(ii) ofClassesofmaterialsrequiredorpermittedinAppendix6/1,complyingwithTable6/1with,unlessotherwisedescribedintheContract,onlyClass6Amaterialdepositedintoopenwater;

(iii) bydepositing,assoonaspracticableafterexcavation,inlayerstomeetthecompactionrequirementsofClause612asrequiredforeachClassofmaterialinTable6/1,exceptthat:

(a) materialrequiringendproductcompactionshallbedepositedinlayersnotexceeding250mmuncompactedthickness;

(b) materialplacedintoopenwatershallbedepositedbyendtippingwithoutcompaction;

(c) materialdepositedinareastoreceivedynamiccompactioncomplyingwithClause630shallbedepositedandcompactedtotherequirementstherein.

(iv) totherequirementsofthisClauseandanyotherrequirementsforfillinthisSeries.

2 StarterlayersofClasses6B,6Cor6DmaterialsasdescribedinAppendix6/3shallbedepositedasthefirstlayerorlayersoffillaboveexistinggroundlevelor,ifappropriate,aboveanygroundimprovementrequiredbyAppendix6/13.StarterlayersbelowClass2Epulverised-fuelashgeneralfillshallbeClass6Dmaterial.Plantmovementacrossstarterlayermaterialshallberestrictedtothatplantwhichisnecessaryforitsdeposition,spreadingandcompactionincompliancewiththisClauseandClause612andanyplantrequiredtocarryoutanygroundimprovementbeneathitifrequiredbyClause630.TheContractorshalltakeallreasonablemeasurestopreventdamagetotheunderlyingstrata,whichmayincludeuseoflighterspreadingplantorareductionofthenumberofpassesofcompactionplant.

3 CoarsegranularmaterialClasses1Cand6Bshall,beforecompaction,bespreadinlayersbyacrawlertractorofnotlessthan15tonnestotalmass.Aftercompactioneachlayershall,ifvoidsremain,beblindedwithanapprovedClassofgranularmaterialcomplyingwithTable6/1sothatallsurfacevoidsarefilledbeforethenextlayerandbeforeanycappingorsub-baseisconstructed.

4 Embankmentsandotherareasoffillshall,unlessotherwiserequiredintheContract,beconstructedevenlyovertheirfullwidthandtheirfullestpossibleextentandtheContractorshallcontrolanddirectconstructionalplantandothervehiculartrafficuniformlyoverthem.DamagebyconstructionalplantandothervehiculartrafficshallbemadegoodbytheContractorwithmaterialhavingthesamecharacteristicsandstrengthasthematerialhadbeforeitwasdamaged.

5 Embankmentsandotherareasofunsupportedfillsshallnotbeconstructedwithsteepersideslopes,ortogreaterwidthsthanthosedescribedinAppendix6/3,excepttopermitadequatecompactionattheedgesbeforetrimmingback,ortoobtainthefinalprofilefollowinganysettlementofthefillandtheunderlyingmaterial.HoweveranyoversteepeningorincreaseinwidthshallnotexceedanylimitsdescribedinAppendix6/3andshallremainonlyfortheminimumperiodsnecessaryconsistentwiththesafetyofthePermanentWorks.

6 Stagedconstructionoffillsandanycontrolledratesoffilling,shallbecarriedout,inaccordancewithanyrequirementsdescribedinAppendix6/3including

Amendment-November2009 9

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

installationofinstrumentationanditsmonitoring,incompliancewithClause629.

7 WhererequiredinAppendix6/3theContractorshallsurchargeembankmentsorotherareasoffill,asdescribedthereinfortheperiodsstated.Ifsettlementofsurchargedfillresultsinanysurchargingmaterial,whichisunacceptableforuseinthefillbeingsurcharged,lyingbelowtheformationor,wherethereisacapping,thesub-formation,theContractorshallremovethisunacceptablematerialanddisposeofitinaccordancewithClause602.Heshallthenbringtheresultantleveluptoformationorsub-formation,asappropriate,withacceptablematerial.

8 WherepipesinembankmentsorinotherareasoffillarepermittedinAppendix5/1tobeconstructedotherthaninatrench,thefillshallbebroughtuptoandoverthemequallyonbothsides.Thefillshallbedepositedinevenlayersandshallnotbeheapedabovethepipe.Spreadingandcompactionshallbecarriedoutevenlywithoutdislodging,distortingordamagingthepipe.Powerrammersarenottobeusedwithin300mmofanypartofthepipeorjoint.

9 Thelast600mmdepthoffilluptosub-formationlevel,orformationlevelasappropriate,shall,unlessotherwiserequiredintheContract,becarriedoutforthefullwidthofembankments,orbetweentheouterextremitiesofthevergesinotherareasoffill,inacontinuousoperation.TheContractorshallthencontinuewithoutdelaytocarryouteither(i)or(ii)below:

(i) formthesub-formationorformation,allinaccordancewithClauses613and616,followingimmediatelyeitherby:

(a) theconstructionofthefullthicknessofcappingorsub-baseasappropriate;or

(b) ifpermittedinAppendix6/3,theconstructionofalesserthicknessofcappingorsub-baseasdescribedthereinlaidasaweatherprotectionlayer;

(ii) placeanadditional300mmminimumcompactedthicknessofmaterialabovesub-formationlevelorformationlevelasappropriateforthefullwidthofthefillingtoformaweatherprotection.Thisweatherprotectionshallbecomposedofthesamematerialasthesub-formationorformationandcompactedincompliancewithTable6/1.ThematerialshallbeprovidedfromtheContractor’sownresourcesandtheprotectionlayershallbeconstructedinacontinuousoperation.Forstabilisedcapping,theprotectivelayershallconsistofunstabilisedmaterial.

10 Duringconstructionofembankmentsandotherfills,exposedsidesofClasses2Eand7Bpulverised-fuelashmaterialshallbeprotectedagainstscouranderosionfromanysource.

11 (05/01)CompletedslopesofClasses2Eand7BfillmaterialshallbecoveredimmediatelybyClass5topsoilasrequiredinAppendix6/8orturforothermaterial,asrequiredinAppendix30/5.

12 Wheneverfillistobedepositedagainstthefaceofanaturalslope,orslopingearthworksfaceincludingembankments,cuttings,otherfillsandexcavations,suchfacesshallbebenchedorotherwiseshapedasrequiredinAppendix6/3immediatelybeforeplacingthesubsequentfill.

13 AllpermanentfacesofsideslopesofembankmentsandotherareasoffillformedinClasses2or7cohesivematerialsotherthanpulverised-fuelash,shall,subsequenttoanytrimmingoperations,bere-workedandsealedbytrackingatrackedvehicle,suitableforthepurpose,ontheslope,orbyothersuitablemethods.

609 Geotextiles Used to Separate Earthworks Materials

1 GeotextilesrequiredaspartofthePermanentWorkstoseparateearthworksmaterialsatlocationsdescribedinAppendix6/5shallbemanufacturedfromsyntheticorotherfibresasrequiredthereinandbeintheformofthinpermeablemembranes.

2 TheContractorshallprovideevidencetotheOverseeingOrganisation,beforethegeotextileisincorporatedinthePermanentWorks,thatthegeotextilewillbesufficientlydurable,wheninstalledincontactwiththematerialstobeseparated,tomaintainitsintegrityforatleastthelifeperiodrequiredinAppendix6/5.

3 Geotextilesshallbeprotectedatalltimesagainstmechanicalorchemicaldamage.ThosesusceptibletodamagebylightshallnotbeuncoveredbetweenmanufactureandincorporationinthePermanentWorks.Temporaryexposureshallnotexceed5hours.

4 ThemethodofselectionandtherequirednumberofsamplesareasdescribedinAppendix6/5.SamplesshallbetakenfromtheconsignmentofgeotextiletobeusedinthePermanentWorks.Samplesandtestpiecescutfromthemshallcomplywithsub-Clause7ofthisClauseandtestpiecesshallbetestedatalaboratorytoprovethatthegeotextilemeetsthefollowingcriteriaorothercriteriadescribedinAppendix6/5:

(i) ThegeotextileshallsustainatensileloadofnotlessthanthatvaluegiveninAppendix6/5,determinedina‘widestrip’

Amendment-November2009 10

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

tensiletestcarriedoutinaccordancewithBS6906:Part1.Thecharacteristicstrengthshallbetakenasthevalueofthestrengthofthematerialbelowwhichnotmorethan5%ofthetestresultsmaybeexpectedtofall.Thisrepresentsthestrengthat1.64standarddeviationsbelowthemeanstrength.

(ii) Thegeotextileshallallowwatertoflowthroughit,atrightanglestoitsprincipalplane,ineitherdirection,atarateofnotlessthan10litres/m2/sunderaconstantheadofwaterof100mm,determinedinaccordancewithBS6906:Part3.Theflowratedeterminedinthetestshallbecorrectedtothatapplicabletoatemperatureof15°Cusingpublisheddataonvariationinviscosityofwaterwithtemperature.

(iii) Thegeotextileshallhaveasizedistributionofporeopeningssuchthatthemean090,isbetween100micronsand300microns,determinedinaccordancewithBS6906:Part2.

5 ThegeotextileshallbelaidandlappedasdescribedinthisClauseorasdescribedinAppendix6/5andwherelappingisemployedadjacentsheetsorstripsofgeotextileshallbeoverlappedbyatleast300mm,orotherdimensiondescribedinAppendix6/5.

6 Thelayerofmaterialonwhichthegeotextileistobeplacedshallnothaveprotrusionsorsharpprojectionswhicharelikelytodamagethegeotextileduringinstallationorinservice.Themethodofinstallationshallensurethatthegeotextileisincontinuouscontactwiththesurfaceonwhichitistobeplacedandthegeotextileshallnotbestretchedorbridgedoverhollowsorhumps.Operationofconstructionplantdirectlyontheinstalledgeotextilewillnotbepermittedanditscoveringwithfillmaterialshalltakeplaceimmediatelyafteritslaying.

7 Allsamplesandtestpiecescutfromthemshallbemaintainedinacleananddrycondition,exceptfornormalcontaminationandwettingduringtesting,andshallberetainedbytheContractorinaccordancewithAppendix6/5.Priortodeterminationofporesizeandtensilestrength,testpiecesshallbeconditionedandbroughtintoequilibriumatatemperatureof20°±2°C,andarelativehumidityof65±5%.Thedryweightofthegeotextiletestedshallbequoteding/m².

8 ThenumberoftestsonsamplesshallbeasrequiredinAppendix6/5.

610 Fill to Structures

1 ThisClauseshallapplytofilltostructuresotherthan:

(i) fillforreinforcedearthstructures,includingassociateddrainagelayers;

(ii) fillforanchoredearthstructuresincludingassociateddrainagelayers;

(iii) fillforsurroundandbeddingofcorrugatedsteelburiedstructures;

(iv) fillabovestructuralconcretefoundationsunlessotherwiserequiredinAppendix6/6.

2 Materials,asrequiredorpermittedinAppendix6/6ofClasses6N,6P,7Aor7BandcomplyingwithTable6/1shallbeusedasfilltostructures,inthelocationsdescribedinAppendix6/6.

3 TheContractorshallcompact,incompliancewithClause612,end-productcompaction,Class6N,6P,7Aand7BmaterialtosatisfythecompactionrequirementsforthoseClassesaslistedinTable6/1,butsubjecttotherestrictionsinsub-Clauses4and5ofthisClause.

4 Wherefilltostructuresisrequiredtothesamelevelonmorethanonesideofastructuralelementorburiedstructure(exceptwhereClause623applies)itshallbemaintainedatheightsnotdifferingbymorethan250mmaftercompactiononopposingsidesofthestructuralelementasfillingproceeds.

5 TheContractorshallrestrictcompactionplantusedonfilltostructures,within2mofastructure,tothefollowingitemsasdescribedinsub-Clause612.10andlistedinTable6/4:

(i) vibratoryrollerhavingamasspermetrewidthofroll,asdeterminedbysub-Clause612.10,notexceeding1,300kgwithatotalmassnotexceeding1,000kg;

(ii) vibratingplatecompactorhavingamassnotexceeding1,000kg;

(iii) vibro-tamperhavingamassnotexceeding75kg.

Thecompactedlevelofthefillwithinthiszoneshallnotdifferduringconstructionfromthecompactedleveloftheremainderoftheadjoiningfilltostructuresbymorethan250mm.

6 WhererequiredinAppendix6/6,Class6N,6Pand7Bmaterialshallbeshown,bymeansofatrialutilisingnotlessthan20m3ofthematerial,depositedandcompactedinaccordancewiththisClause,tobestable,whenitistrimmedtoaslopeof1verticalto1½horizontal,orotherslopedescribedinAppendix6/6.

Amendment-November2009 11

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

611 Fill Above Structural Concrete Foundations

1 Filldepositedabovestructuralconcretefoundationsshallbe,asshownontheDrawings:

(i) Class6N,6P,7Aor7BselectedfillmaterialcomplyingwithClause610includingcompactionrequirements;

(ii) Class6Mselectedfillmaterial,depositedandcompactedinaccordancewithClause623,abovethefoundationofarchprofilecorrugatedsteelburiedstructures;

(iii) anotherclassofselectedfillorgeneralfillcomplyingwithTable6/1depositedandcompactedincompliancewithClauses608and612andinadditionbesubjecttosub-Clauses610.4and5.

612 Compaction of Fills

General

1 Exceptfordynamiccompaction,whichshallcomplywithClause630,andunlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/3,theContractorshallcarryoutcompactionincompliancewiththisClause,assoonaspracticableafterdeposition,onallthoseClassesoffillinTable6/1whichrequiretobecompacted.

2 Compactionshallbeeithermethodorend-productasrequiredfortheClassoffillinTable6/1,usingplantappropriatetotheClassoffillandthesiteconditions.

3 TheContractorshallobtainpermissionfromtheOverseeingOrganisationbeforecarryingoutcompactionoutsidenormalworkinghours.

Method Compaction

4 Wheremethodcompactionisrequiredtobeadopteditshallcomplywithsub-Clauses5to10ofthisClause.

5 Exceptasstatedinsub-Clause6ofthisClause,methodcompactionshallbeundertakenusingtheplantandmethodsinTable6/4appropriatetothecompactionrequirementsaslistedinTable6/1fortheClassofmaterialbeingcompacted.

6 PlantandmethodsnotincludedinTable6/4shallonlybeusedprovidingtheContractordemonstratesatsitetrialsthatastateofcompactionisachievedbythealternativemethodequivalenttothatobtainedusingthespecifiedmethod.

7 Earthmovingplantshallnotbeacceptedascompactionequipmentnorshalltheuseofalighter

categoryofplanttoprovideanypreliminarycompactiontoassisttheuseofheavierplantbetakenintoaccountwhenassessingtheamountofcompactionrequiredforanylayer.

8 IfmorethanoneClassofmaterialisbeingusedinsuchawaythatitisnotpracticabletodefinetheareasinwhicheachClassoccurs,theContractorshallcompactwithplantoperatingasifonlythematerialwhichrequiresthegreatercompactiveeffortisbeingcompacted.

9 TheContractororOverseeingOrganisationmaycarryoutfielddrydensitytestsasdescribedinsub-Clause15ofthisClauseonmaterialcompactedtomethodrequirementsatafrequencydefinedinAppendix6/3.Iftheresultsoffieldtestsshowdensitieswhichindicatethestateofcompactiontobeinadequate,thenifthisisduetofailureoftheContractortocomplywiththerequirementsoftheContract,theContractorshallcarryoutsuchfurtherworkasisrequiredtocomplywiththeContract.

10 ForthepurposesofTable6/4thefollowingshallapply:

(i) TheminimumnumberofpassesNistheminimumnumberoftimesthateachpointonthesurfaceofthelayerbeingcompactedshallbetraversedbytheitemofcompactionplantinitsoperatingmode,orstruckbypowerrammersorfallingweightcompactors.Disthemaximumdepthofthecompactedlayer.

(ii) IncolumnheadedN#thenumberofpassesshownistobedoubledformaterialClasses1A,1B,2A,2B,2Cand2Dwhensuchmaterialsoccurwithin600mmofsub-formation(ifcappingisrequired)orformation.Suchextracompactionshall,unlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/3,eitherbecarriedoutforthefullwidthoftheembankmentor,inotherareasoffillwhicharetoreceiveapavement,betweentheouterextremitiesoftheverges.

(iii) ThecompactionplantinTable6/4iscategorisedintermsofstaticmass.Themasspermetrewidthofrollisthetotalmassontherolldividedbythetotalrollwidth.Whereasmoothwheeledrollerhasmorethanoneaxlethecategoryofthemachineshallbedeterminedonthebasisoftheaxlegivingthehighestvalueofmasspermetrewidth.

(iv) Agridrollerisamachinewithacompactingrollorrollsconstructedofheavysteelmeshofsquarepattern.

Amendment-November2009 12

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

(v) Adeadweighttampingrollerisamachinewitharollorrollsfromwhich‘feet’projectandwheretheprojectedendareaofeach‘foot’exceeds0.01m²andthesumoftheareasofthefeetexceeds15%oftheareaofthecylindersweptbytheendsofthefeet.Therequirementsfortampingrollersapplytomachinesthathave2rollsintandem.Ifonlyonetampingrolltraverseseachpointonthesurfaceofthelayeronanyonepassofthemachine,theminimumnumberofpassesshallbetwicethenumbergiveninTable6/4plusanyfurtherdoublingrequiredtosatisfy(ii)above.

(vi) Forpneumatic-tyredrollersthemassperwheelisthetotalmassoftherollerdividedbythenumberofwheels.Inassessingthenumberofpassesofpneumatic-tyredrollerstheeffectivewidthshallbethesumofthewidthsoftheindividualwheeltrackstogetherwiththesumofthespacingsbetweenthewheeltracksprovidedthateachspacingdoesnotexceed230mm.Wherethespacingsexceed230mmtheeffectivewidthshallbethesumofthewidthsoftheindividualwheeltracksonly.

(vii) Avibratorytampingroller,whichmaybeself-propelledortowed,isamachinehavingameansofapplyingmechanicalvibrationtooneormorerolls.Therollorrollshaveprojectingfeetwheretheheightofeachfootexceeds10%oftheradiusoftherolldrum,theprojectedendareaofeachfootexceeds0.1%oftherolldrumsurfacearea,andthesumoftheareasofthefeetexceeds10%oftheareaofthecylindersweptbytheendsofthefeet.

Therequirementsfortheoperationofvibratorytampingrollersshallbethesameasthosestatedforvibratoryrollersinsub-Clause(viii)exceptthatvibratorytampingrollersoperatingwithoutvibrationwillbeclassifiedasdeadweighttampingrollers.

(viii) Vibratoryrollersareself-propelledortowedsmooth-wheeledrollershavingmeansofapplyingmechanicalvibrationtooneormorerollsexceptthatvibratoryrollersemployedforMethod5compactionshallbesinglerolltypes.

Vibratoryrollersoperatingwithoutvibrationwillbeclassifiedassmooth-wheeledrollers.

Therequirementsforvibratoryrollersarebasedontheuseofthelowestgearonaself-propelledmachinewithmechanical

transmissionandaspeedof1.5to2.5km/hforatowedmachine,oraself-propelledmachinewithhydrostatictransmission.Ifhighergearsorspeedsareusedanincreasednumberofpassesshallbeprovidedinproportiontotheincreaseinspeedoftravel.

Wherethemechanicalvibrationisappliedtotworollsintandem,theminimumnumberofpassesshallbehalfthenumbergiveninTable6/4fortheappropriatemasspermetrewidthofonevibratingrollbutifonerolldiffersinmasspermetrewidthfromtheotherthenumberofpassesshallbecalculatedasfortherollwiththesmallestvalue.Alternativelytheminimumnumberofpassesmaybedeterminedbytreatingthemachineashavingasinglevibratingrollwithamasspermetrewidthequaltothatoftherollwiththehighervalue.

Vibratoryrollersshallbeoperatedwiththeirvibratorymechanismoperatingonlyatthefrequencyofvibrationrecommendedbythemanufacturers.Wheremorethanoneamplitudesettingisavailableand/orarangeoffrequenciesisrecommended,themachineshallbeoperatedatthemaximumamplitudesettingandatthemaximumrecommendedfrequencyforthatsetting.

Vibratoryrollersshallbeequippedorprovidedwithdevicesindicatingthefrequencyatwhichthemechanismisoperatingandthespeedoftravel.Bothdevicesshallbecapableofbeingreadbyaninspectoralongsidethemachine.

(ix) Vibrating-platecompactorsaremachineshavingabase-platetowhichisattachedasourceofvibrationconsistingofoneortwoeccentricallyweightedshaftsand:

(a) themasspersquaremetreofthebase-plateofavibrating-platecompactoriscalculatedbydividingthetotalmassofthemachineinitsworkingconditionbyitsareaincontactwithcompactedmaterial;

(b) vibrating-platecompactorsshallbeoperatedatthefrequencyofvibrationrecommendedbythemanufacturers.Theyshallnormallybeoperatedattravellingspeedsoflessthan1km/hbutifhigherspeedsarenecessarythenumberofpassesshallbeincreasedinproportiontotheincreaseinspeedoftravel.

Amendment-November2009 13

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

(x) Vibro-tampersaremachinesinwhichanengine-drivenreciprocatingmechanismactsonaspringsystemthroughwhichoscillationsaresetupinabase-plate.

(xi) Powerrammersaremachineswhichareactuatedbyexplosionsinaninternalcombustioncylinder,eachexplosionbeingcontrolledmanuallybytheoperator.

(xii) Droppingweightcompactorsaremachinesinwhichadeadweightisdroppedfromacontrolledheightusingahoistmechanismandtheyincludeself-propelledmachineswithmechanicaltraversingmechanismscapableofcompactingsoilintrenchesandclosetostructures.

(xiii) Inthecaseofpowerrammersanddropping-weightcompactorsonepasswillbeconsideredasmadewhenthecompactingshoehasmadeonestrikeontheareainquestion.

(xiv) Foritemsmarked*intheMethod3columnofTable6/4therollershallbetowedbytrack-layingtractors.Self-propelledrollersareunsuitable.

(xv) Wherecombinationsofdifferenttypesorcategoriesofplantareused,thefollowingshallapply:

(a) thedepthoflayershallbethatforthetypeofplantrequiringtheleastdepthoflayer;and

(b) thenumberofpassesshallbethatforthetypeofplantrequiringthegreatestnumberofpasses.

End-product Compaction

11 Whereend-productcompactionisrequireditshallcomplywithsub-Clauses12to15ofthisClause.

12 (05/01)TheContractorshallatleast7daysbeforecommencementofend-productcompactionmakeavailablethefollowingtotheOverseeingOrganisation:

(i) thevaluesofmaximumdrydensityandtheoptimummoisturecontentobtainedinaccordancewithBS1377:Part4usingthe2.5kgrammermethodorvibratinghammermethodasappropriateforeachofthefillsheintendstousewhichmeettherequirementsofthepermittedClassorClasses(wherewithinanyClassofmaterialthefillcontainsmaterialhavingdifferentmaximumdrydensitiesandoptimummoisturecontentstheClassshallbefurthersub-divided,by

extendingtheidentificationsystem,inordertomonitorthecompacteddensity);

(ii) agraphofdensityplottedagainstmoisturecontentfromwhicheachofthevaluesin(i)aboveofmaximumdrydensityandoptimummoisturecontentweredeterminedand,forClass7Amaterial,aplotofthe5%airvoidscurveforeachsub-division.

13 Oncetheinformationcontainedinsub-Clause12ofthisClausehasbeenmadeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationitshallformthebasisforcompaction.

14 Fillcompactedtoend-productrequirementsshallhaveafielddrydensity,measuredinaccordancewithsub-Clause15ofthisClause,equaltoorgreaterthanthepercentagegiveninTable6/1ofthemaximumdrydensityfortherelevantClassoffillpreviouslymadeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationinaccordancewithsub-Clause12ofthisClause.

15 Thefielddrydensityreferredtoinsub-Clause14ofthisClauseshallbemeasuredinaccordancewithBS1377:Part9,exceptthatnuclearmethodsshallonlybeusedwhererequiredorpermittedinAppendix6/3.Wherenuclearmethodsareused,thegaugeshallbecalibratedinaccordancewithBS1377:Part9.

613 Sub-formation and Capping

1 (05/01)Cappingshallbeprovidedonlyinthoselocations,andtotheextent,particularlystatedinAppendix6/7tobeconstructedwithcapping.ItshallcomplywiththisClauseandinaddition,forstabilisedcapping,withClauses614,615and643asappropriate.

2 (05/04)CappingshallbeconstructedwithClass6F1,6F2,6F3,6F4,6F5,6S,9A,9B,9C,9D,9Eor9FmaterialasrequiredorpermittedinAppendix6/7andcomplyingwithTable6/1.

3 (05/04)UnlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/7,cappingshalleitherconsistofoneClassofcappingmaterialthroughoutitsdepthlaidinoneormorelayersofcompactedthicknesscomplyingwithClause612,orbeformedofnotmorethantwoelementsofdifferentcappingmaterials.Eachelementshallbeformedofoneormorelayersofthesamecappingmaterial,eachofcompactedthicknesscomplyingwithClause612.Class9Dor9EstabilisedcappingmaterialshallnotbeplacedorconstructedaboveClass6FgranularcappingmaterialorClass6Sgranularfilterlayermaterial.

4 WhererequiredinAppendix6/7,beforecommencingtheconstructionofcappinginthePermanentWorks,theContractorshalldemonstratethemethods,equipmentandmaterialsheproposestouseby

Amendment-November2009 14

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

constructinganarea,orareasasappropriate,ofcappingonatypicalpreparedsub-formationtothesamethicknessasrequiredinthePermanentWorks.Theareaofeachcappingconstructiondemonstrationshallbenotlessthan700m².

5 (05/01)ThematerialsplacedduringthedemonstrationmayformpartofthePermanentWorks,providedtheymeettherequirementsoftheContract,orbecarriedoutelsewhereontheSitewherethisisdetailedinAppendix6/7.AftercompletionofeachdemonstrationareatheContractorshallwithinaperiodofnotgreaterthan5daysandbeforecommencingthemainconstructionoftheappropriatecappinginthePermanentWorks,carryouttestsoneachdemonstrationareaandprovidetheOverseeingOrganisationwithrecordssubstantiatingcompliancewiththestipulatedcriteriaofAppendix6/7.WhererequiredbyAppendix6/7theContractorshallprovidesheeting,toprotectthedemonstrationarea.

6 Thedemonstrationareashall,ifitdoesnotmeettherequirementsforthePermanentWorksorislocatedelsewhereonsite,beremovedandtheareareinstatedinaccordancewithAppendix6/7.

7 ThemethodsandmaterialsusedintheaccepteddemonstrationshallnotbechangedduringthecourseoftheWorkswithouttheconstructionofafurtherdemonstrationwheresuchdemonstrationsarerequiredbyAppendix6/7.

8 UnlessotherwisestatedinAppendix6/7,thesub-formationshallhavethesamelongitudinalgradient,crossfallandsurfaceleveltolerancesastheformation.

9 TheContractorshalllimitanyunprotectedareaofsub-formation,whichistoreceivecappingtosuittheoutputoftheplantinuseandtherateofdepositionofcapping.

10 Nounprotectedsub-formationwhichistoreceivecappingshallremaincontinuouslyexposedtoraincausingdegradation,norbeleftuncoveredovernight.

11 (05/01)IncuttingstheContractorshall,aspermittedorrequiredinAppendix6/7carryoutoneofthefollowingprocedures:

(i) (05/04)forClass6FgranularcappingmaterialorClass6Sgranularfilterlayermaterial,excavatebelowformationleveltoadepthtoacceptthecapping,trimthesurfacetoformthesub-formationandimmediatelycompactwithonepassofasmooth-wheeledrollerhavingamasspermwidthofrollnotlessthan2,100kgoravibratoryrollerhavingamasspermwidthofrollnotlessthan700kgoravibratingplatecompactorhavingamassperm²ofnotlessthan1,400kg,exceptthat

onlysmoothwheeledrollersshallbeusedonClass3chalkmaterial,andimmediatelydepositandcompactaboveitacappinginClass6FgranularcappingmaterialorClass6Sgranularfilterlayermaterial;or

(ii) forClass9A,9B,9C,9D,9Eor9Fcappingmaterialconstructthecappingbystabilisingtheintactmaterial,providingitcomplieswithClass6E,6R,7E,7F,7Gor7Imaterialrequirements,immediatelybelowformationtoformClass9A,9B,9C,9D,9Eor9Fmaterial,respectively;or

(iii) (05/04)excavatebelowformationtosufficientdepthtoenablestabilisationofintactClass6E,6R,7E,7F,7Gor7Imaterialtobecarriedout,toproduceClass9A,9B,9C,9D,9Eor9Fmaterialformingthelowerelementofthecapping(afterstabilisationofthiselement,thecappingshallbecompletedbydepositingafurtherlayerorlayersofClass6E,6R7E,7F,7G,or7ImaterialandstabilisingittoformClass9A,9B,9C,9D,9Eor9FcappingordepositingandcompactingClass6Fgranularcappingmaterialtoformtheupperelementofthecapping);or

(iv) (05/04)excavatetosub-formationlevelanddepositmaterialcomplyingwithClasses6E,6R,7E,7F,7G,or7ItobestabilisedtoformacappingofClass9A,9B,9C,9D,9Eor9Flayers.

WhereastabilisedlayerisdirectlyoverlainbyClass6Fgranularcappingmaterialthestabilisedlayershallbecompactedasforasub-formationin11(i)above.

12 (05/01)OnembankmentsandotherareasoffilltheContractorshall,aspermittedorrequiredinAppendix6/7carryoutoneofthefollowingprocedures:

(i) (05/04)completetheembankmenttoformthesub-formationorremoveanyprotectionlayerandtrimthesurfacetoformthesub-formation,andinbothcasescompactwithonepassofasmooth-wheeledrollerhavingamasspermwidthofnotlessthan2,100kgoravibratoryrollerofnotlessthan700kgpermwidthoravibratingplatecompactorhavingamassperm²ofnotlessthan1,400kg,(exceptthatonlysmooth-wheeledrollersshallbeusedonClass3chalkmaterial)andimmediatelyconstructaboveit,inoneormorelayers,Class6FgranularcappingmaterialorClass6Sgranularfilterlayermaterial;or

Amendment-November2009 15

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

(ii) constructtheembankmenttosufficientheightandcarryoutstabilisationtoformacappingofClass9A,9B,9C,9D,9Eor9Fmaterialinoneormorelayersutilisingwhereappropriateanyprotectionlayerpreviouslyconstructed;or

(iii) (05/04)formulti-elementcapping,incorporatingstabilisedmaterial,constructtheembankmenttosufficientheighttocarryouttheworkdescribedin12(ii)aboveandimmediatelyconstructaboveitoneormorelayersofClass6Fgranularcappingmaterial.

WhereastabilisedlayerisdirectlyoverlainbyClass6Fgranularcappingmaterialthestabilisedlayershallbecompactedasforasub-formationin12(i)above.

13 ForClass6F3materialOptimumMoistureContentshallbedeterminedaccordingtoBS1377:Part4Method3.7(vibratinghammertest).MeasurementsofmoisturecontentbothforcontrolpurposesandforoptimummoisturecontentdeterminationshallbeaccordingtoBS1377:Part2Method3(ovendrymethod)butusinganovenonareducedtemperaturesettingof45to50°C.

14 (05/04)FilterlayersconstructedofClass6Sgranularfilterlayermaterialshallbeprotectedfromdamagebytrafficandconstructionplant.TheContractorshallsoorganiseworkthatonlythetrafficdirectlyengagedindepositing,spreadingandcompactingthefilterlayershallbepermittedaccesstothesurfaceofthislayer.AtnotimeshalltheContractorpermittheleadingedgeofthefilterlayertoextendmorethan100metresbeyondtheleadingedgeofthesucceedinglayerofsubbase.

614 Cement Stabilisation to Form Capping

1 Wherecappingistoconsistof,eitherwhollyorinpart,cementstabilisedmaterialClass9A,9Bor9C,thisClauseshallapplytotheconstructionofthosepartswhicharestabilisedwithcement.

2 MaterialtobestabilisedwithcementshallbeClass6E,Class7FandClass7GmaterialsallcomplyingwithClause601andTable6/1.UnlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/7cementshallbePortlandcementcomplyingwithClause1001.

3 Class6E,7For7Gmaterialtobestabilisedshallhaveaddedtoit,atanypoint,thatquantityofcementmeasuredasapercentageofitsdryweightasdeterminedonthedemonstrationarea,tomeettherequiredbearingratioinAppendix6/1,subjecttoaminimumof2%cement.

4 Theappropriatequantityofcementshallbeuniformlyspread,byasuitablespreadingmachine,ontopofthelayertobeprocessed.UsingacollectingtrayandbalancetheContractorshallchecktherateofspreadofthemachineonceforevery500m²ofcementspread.

5 UnlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/7,Class6E,7For7Gmaterialshallbestabilisedinasinglelayerifitscompactedthicknessis250mmorless.Ifitscompactedthicknessisgreater,thematerialshallbestabilisedinlayersnotlessthan130mmandnotmorethan250mmthick,includinganycutting-inrequiredbysub-Clause9ofthisClause.

6 TheContractorshallnotcarryoutcementstabilisationwhentheshadetemperatureisbelow3°Cunlessonarisingthermometerabove0°C.Cementstabilisationshallnotbecarriedoutduringperiodsofrainorwhenrainisimminent.Whencementisspreadonmateriallikelytocauseprematurehydration,processinginaccordancewithsub-Clause7ofthisClauseshallfollowimmediately.

7 UnlessindicatedotherwisebyAppendix6/7,Class6E,7For7Gmaterialformingthelayertobestabilisedshallbeprocessedbypulverisingandmixinginthecementbymeansofasufficientnumberofpassesofasuitablemobilestabilisingmachineuntil95%ofthesiltandclayfractionisreducedtoparticlesorlumpspassingaBS28mmsieveafterdrysievingandthepulverisationcomplieswithTable6/1.

8 (11/05)Duringprocessing,sufficientwatershallbeavailableinthematerialtohydratethecementandenablesatisfactorymixingandcompactiontobeachieved.Anyaddedwatershallbethroughanintegralspray-baronthestabilisingmachine.Anyaddedwatershallhaveasulfatecontentnotexceeding1400mg/lasSO4,whentestedinaccordancewithTestNo.1ofTRLReport447.

9 Thestabilisingmachineshallbeequippedwithadeviceforcontrollingthedepthofprocessingwhichshallbemaintainedatthecorrectsettingatalltimes.Anoverlapof150mmshallbemadebetweenadjacentpassesofthestabilisingmachine.Whereasubsequentlayerofmaterialisplacedonalayerpreviouslystabilisedthetinesorbladesofthestabilisingmachineshallbesetsothattheycutintothepreviouslystabilisedlayerbelowbyatleast20mm.

10 (11/05)EachlayerofClass9A,9Bor9Cprocessedmaterialshallbecompactedassoonaspossibleafterthefinalpassofthestabilisingmachine.Compactionshallbecompletedwithin2hoursfollowingthemixingofthecementintothematerialtobestabilised.ImmediatelybeforecompactionClass9BprocessedmaterialshallhaveaMoistureConditionValue(MCV)ofnotgreaterthan12norlessthanthefigurestatedin

Amendment-November2009 16

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

Appendix6/1forClass9Bcementstabilisedmaterial,bothasdeterminedinaccordancewithClause632.WatershallbeaddedifnecessaryinauniformmannertoenablethisMCVrequirementtobemet.Anyaddedwatershallhaveasulfatecontentnotexceeding1400mg/lasSO4whentestedinaccordancewithTestNo.1ofTRLReport447.

11 ThecompactionofeachlayerofClass9Aor9BmaterialshallcomplywithClause612,Table6/4Method6orMethod7respectively,exceptthatiflayersofClass9Aor9Bgreaterthan250mmthicknessaretobeconstructed,thenumberofpassesofthecompactionplantshallbedeterminedfromtheresultsofademonstrationareaasdetailedinAppendix6/7.

12 ThecompactionofClass9CmaterialshallcomplywithClause612,endproductcompaction,tosatisfythecompactionrequirementsgiveninTable6/1ofthisClass.

13 Class9A,9Band9CmaterialsshallbecuredinaccordancewithClause1035.Duringperiodswhentheairtemperatureisforecasttodropbelow3°CorwhengroundfrostisforecastClass9A,9Band9Cmaterialshallbeprotected,topreventfreezing,foraperiodof7daysfromthetimeofcompletionofcompaction.Suchprotectionshallbesealedtopreventtheingressofmoisture.

14 Class9A,9Band9CmaterialsshallnothaveothermaterialdepositedorcompactedabovethemuntilsuchtimeastherequiredbearingratioinAppendix6/1hasbeenachieved.Therelaxationallowedinsub-Clause617.2shallnotapplybeforethistime.

615 Lime Stabilisation to Form Capping

1 ThisClauseshallapplyonlytothosecappingmaterialswhicharetobestabilisedwithlimetoformmaterialClass9D.

2 MaterialtobestabilisedwithlimeshallbeClass7EmaterialcomplyingwithClause601andTable6/1.

3 (11/03)Limeforlimestabilisationshall,asrequiredinAppendix6/7,beeitherquicklimeorhydratedlimecomplyingwithBSEN459-1.Quicklimeshallwhensievedhave100%passingaBS10mmsieveandatleast95%bymasspassingaBS5mmsieve.

4 TheContractorshallmakeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationforeachsourceoflimeareportofachemicalanalysisfor‘availablelime’madeinaccordancewithsub-Clause641.2.SuchreportsshallbemadeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationpriortotheincorporationoflimeinthePermanentWorksatweeklyorotherintervalsdefinedinAppendix6/7duringperiodswhenlimestabilisationiscarriedout.

5 Class7Ematerialtobestabilisedshallhaveaddedtoit,atanypoint,thepercentageofitsdryweightoflime,asdeterminedonthedemonstrationarea,tomeettherequiredbearingratioinAppendix6/1,subjecttoaminimumof2½%byweightof‘availablelime’asapercentageofthedryweightoftheClass7Ematerial.

6 Limeofquantitycomplyingwithsub-Clause5ofthisClauseshallbeuniformlyspreadbyasuitablespreadingmachineontopofthelayertobestabilised.UsingacollectingtrayandbalancetheContractorshallchecktherateofspreadbyweight,onceforevery500m²oflimespreadoradifferentrateoftestingfortherateofspreadasdescribedinAppendix6/7.AtthesametimetheContractorshallcollectsamplesoflimedepositedonthetrayandtestthemforavailablelimecontentinaccordancewithClause641.

7 UnlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/7,thematerialshallbestabilisedinasinglelayerifitscompactedthicknessis250mmorless.Ifitscompactedthicknessisgreater,thematerialshallbestabilisedinlayersnotlessthan130mmandnotmorethan250mmthick,includinganycutting-inrequiredbysub-Clause12ofthisClause.

8 UnlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/7limestabilisationshallbecarriedoutonlyduringthemonthsofMarchtoSeptemberinclusiveandwhentheshadetemperatureisnotbelow7°C.Onlywhenthespecifiedbearingratioisattainableatashadetemperaturelessthan7°C,maylimestabilisationbecarriedoutatsuchlowertemperature.Limestabilisationshallbesuspendedifrainfallwillhaveanadverseeffectonthematerialbeingstabilised.Thespreadingoflimeshallnotbecarriedoutinamannerorunderconditionsthatwillresultinlimebeingblownfromthesiteontoadjacentlandorproperty.

9 UnlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/7,thematerialformingthelayerstobestabilisedshallbeprocessedbypulverisingandmixinginthelimebymeansofsufficientnumberofpassesofasuitablemobilestabilisingmachineuntil95%oftheClass9DprocessedmaterialpassesaBS28mmsieveafterdrysievingandthepulverisationcomplieswithTable6/1.

10 (11/05)Duringprocessingsufficientwatershallbeavailableinthematerialtoslakethequicklime(ifused)andtoenablesatisfactorymixingandcompactiontobeachieved.Anyaddedwatershallbethroughanintegralspray-baronthestabilisingmachine.Anyaddedwatershallhaveasulfatecontentnotexceeding1400mg/lasSO4whentestedinaccordancewithTestNo.1ofTRLReport447.

11 (11/05)Thelayershallreceiveatleasttwopassesofthestabilisingmachinetopulveriseandmixthelimeandsoil,afterwhichtheprocessingshallbeinterrupted

Amendment-November2009 17

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

byaperiodofnotlessthan24hoursandnotgreaterthan72hours,toenablethelimetoreactwiththesoil.Beforethisperiodcommencesthesurfaceofthelayershallbesealedwithonepassofasmoothwheeledrollerhavingamasspermetrewidthofrollofnotlessthan2700kgorapneumatictyredrollerofnotlessthan1000kgperwheel.Attheendofthisperiodthelayershallreceiveonefurtherpassofthestabilisingmachineormoreifrequiredtoenablethematerialtocomplywithsub-Clauses9and13ofthisClause,addingwateruniformlyifnecessary.Anyaddedwatershallhaveasulfatecontentnotexceeding1400mg/lasSO4whentestedinaccordancewithTestNo.1ofTRLReport447.

12 Thestabilisingmachineshallbeequippedwithadeviceforcontrollingthedepthofprocessingwhichshallbemaintainedatthecorrectsettingatalltimes.Anoverlapof150mmshallbemadebetweenadjacentpassesofthestabilisingmachine.Whereasubsequentlayerofmaterialisplacedonalayerpreviouslystabilisedthetinesorbladesofthestabilisingmachineshallbesetsothattheycutintothepreviouslystabilisedlayerbelowbyatleast20mm.

13 EachlayerofClass9Dprocessedmaterialshallbecompactedassoonaspossibleafterthefinalpassofthestabilisingmachine.ImmediatelybeforecompactiontheprocessedmaterialshallhaveaMoistureConditionValue(MCV)ofnotgreaterthannorlessthanthefiguresstatedinAppendix6/1,forClass9Dlimestabilisedmaterial,bothasdeterminedinaccordancewithClause632.

14 Ifthereisadelayfollowingthefinalpassandbeforecommencementofcompactionthesurfaceshallbesealedbynotlessthan2passesofasmooth-wheeledrollerhavingamasspermetrewidthofnotlessthan2,700kgorofapneumatictyredrollerofnotlessthan1,000kgmassperwheel.Onrecommencementandbeforecompactionthelayershallbere-processedwithouttheadditionoflime,byasufficientnumberofpassesofthestabilisingmachinetomeettheMCVrequirementsofsub-Clause13ofthisClauseaddingwateruniformlyifnecessary.

15 ThecompactionofeachlayershallcomplywithClause612,Table6/4Method7exceptthatiflayersmorethan250mmthickareconstructedthenumberofpassesofthecompactionplantshallbethosedeterminedfromresultsobtainedonademonstrationareaasdetailedinAppendix6/7.

16 Class9DmaterialshallnothaveothermaterialdepositedorcompactedaboveituntilsuchtimeastherequiredbearingratioinAppendix6/1hasbeenachieved.Therelaxationallowedinsub-Clause617.2shallnotapplybeforethistime.

616 Preparation and Surface Treatment of Formation

1 Theformationshall,aftercompletionofanysubgradedrainage,andimmediatelybeforelayingsub-baseonareasofcompletedformation,haveasurfaceleveltolerancewithin+20mmand-30mm,orotherleveloftolerancedefinedinAppendix6/7relativetoitsdesignedlevelaftercompletionofthefollowingoperationsasnecessary:

(i) (11/04)Anyprotectionlayershallberemovedandanysoftordamagedareasshallberectifiedbyexcavatingthemandreplacingwithacceptablematerialhavingthesamecharacteristicsandstrengthasthesurroundingmaterial.Thesurfaceoftheformationshallbetrimmedandimmediatelycleanedfreefrommudandslurrywhichshallbedealtwithasunacceptablematerialinaccordancewithsub-Clause#601.2.

(ii) Theformationshallimmediatelybecompacted,inadditiontothecompactionrequiredforthefill.Thisadditionalcompactionshallforthispurposebeassumedtobeasforalayerof250mmfinishedthicknesscompactedincompliancewithClause612andTable6/4Method6exceptforClass3materialswhereMethod4shallbeused.Immediatelyaftertheadditionalcompactiontheformationshallbetrimmedtoachievethetolerancesofthissub-Clause.

2 Wherethetolerancesinsub-Clause1ofthisClauseareexceeded,theContractorshalldeterminethefullextentoftheareawhichisoutoftoleranceandshallmakegoodtheformationasfollows:

(i) ifthesurfaceistoohighitshallbere-trimmedandre-compactedincompliancewithClause612andsub-Clause1ofthisClause;

(ii) ifthesurfaceistoolowitshallbecorrectedbytheadditionofacceptablematerialcomplyingwithTable6/1havingcharacteristicsandstrengthmatchingtheoverlainmaterial,depositedandcompactedincompliancewithClause608and612andsub-Clause1ofthisClause.IncohesivematerialsClasses2and7,wherethislowsurfaceislessthan150mmbelowformation,materialshallberemovedtoadepthofatleast150mmbelowformationbeforetheadditionalmaterialisdepositedandcompacted.

Amendment-November2009 18

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

3 Aftertrimming,orre-trimmingifnecessary,theformationshallberolledwithonepassofasmooth-wheeledrollerhavingamasspermetrewidthofrollnotlessthan2100kgor,exceptforClass3material,avibratoryrollerhavingamasspermetrewidthofvibratingrollofnotlessthan700kgoravibratingplatecompactorhavingamassperm²underthebaseplateofnotlessthan1,400kg.

4 WhererequiredinAppendix6/7orwherethetolerancesinsub-Clause1ofthisClausecannotbeachievedinthepreparationofformationinrockthenoneofthefollowingshallbecarriedoutsoastoachievetheabovetolerances:

(i) thematerialshallbeexcavatedbelowformationtothedepthdescribedinAppendix6/7.TheexcavatedmaterialshallbeprocessedasdescribedinAppendix6/7andre-depositedandcompactedincompliancewithClauses608and612andTable6/4Method6incompactedlayersnotgreaterthan250mmthick;or

(ii) (11/03)wheretherocksurfaceistabularitshallberegulatedbydepositingandcompactingcementboundmaterialasdescribedinAppendix6/7,complyingwiththe1000Series,orST1concretetoClause2062.

5 TheContractorshalllimitanyareasofcompletedformationtosuittheoutputofplantinuseandtherateofdepositionofsub-base.NoformationofcohesivematerialClasses2and7shallremaincontinuouslyexposedtoraincausingdegradationorbeleftuncoveredovernight.

6 Thepreparationofformationonexistingsub-basematerialshallbecompletedasdescribedinAppendix6/7.

617 Use of Sub-formation or Formation by Construction Plant

1 Constructionplantandothervehiculartraffic(exceptthatrequiredfortheconstructionofcapping)shallnotbeoperatedonthesub-formation,unlessadequateprotection,ifnecessaryinadditiontoanyweatherprotection,isprovided.

2 Constructionplantandothervehiculartraffic(exceptforthatrequiredforpreparationoftheformationincompliancewithClause616)shallnotbeoperatedontheformationunlessadequateprotection,ifnecessaryinadditiontoanyweatherprotectionisprovided.

3 Inadditiontotherequirementsofsub-Clauses1and2ofthisClause,theContractorshallmakeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationhisproposalsforthe

protectionofthesub-formationorformationinareaswheretheyarewithin300mmoftheexistinggroundlevel,aftertopsoilhasbeenstripped,beforeusingconstructionplantorothervehiculartrafficatorabovesub-formationorformation.

618 (05/01) Topsoiling

1 TopsoilingshallbecarriedoutusingClass5materialcomplyingwithTable6/1.

2 Importedtopsoil,Class5Bmaterial,shallonlybeimportedwhenrequiredinAppendix6/8,orAppendix30/6.

3 WhenrequiredinAppendix6/8topsoilshallnotbeexcavatedfromstockpiles,whetheronsiteorimported:

(i) whichhavebeenexposedtoacumulativerainfallexceeding100mm,orotherfigurestatedinAppendix6/8,overthepreceding28daysmeasuredatapointdetailedinAppendix6/8;or

(ii) whenheavyrainisfalling;or

(iii) withatrackedvehicle;or

(iv) whichhavebeenstockpiledformorethan2years;or

(v) whicharefrozen;or

(vi) inthecaseoftopsoilwhichhasbeenstockpiledformorethan6months,unlessthestockpilehasbeentreatedwithatotal,non-residualherbicideasrecentlyasisseasonallypossible(allowingtheperiodoftimerecommendedbythemanufacturertoelapsepriortoexcavation).

4 Topsoilshall:

(i) bedepositedandspreadontheareas,tothethicknessesdescribedinAppendix6/8,inlayersnotexceeding150mm.Eachlayershallbefirmedbeforespreadingthenext.ThethicknessshallbereducedwherenecessarytoallowforanysubsequentturfingrequiredinAppendix30/5(itshallnotbespreadusingatrackedvehicle,whensostipulatedinAppendix6/8);

(ii) havestonesandotherdebrisremovedanddisposedoffSitewhichhave:

(a) dimensionsgreaterthan100mmequivalentdiameter,unlessotherwisepermittedinAppendix6/8;and

(b) dimensionsgreaterthan50mmequivalentdiameterwhichliewithin50mmofthesurface;

Amendment-November2009 19

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

(iii) begradedtosmoothcontours,eliminatingallmoundsanddepressionswherewatermaycollect;

(iv) nothavestonesorotherdebrisprotrudingabovethesurfacebymorethan30mm,andcomplywiththefurtherrequirementsofClauses3004and3005.

619 Earthwork Environmental Bunds

1 EarthworkenvironmentalbundsshallbeconstructedinthelocationsdescribedinAppendix6/9withfillmaterialscomplyingwiththerequirementsthereinandClause601andTable6/1.DepositionshallbeinaccordancewithClause608andcompactionwiththerequirementsofTable6/1unlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/9ortherequirementsofsub-Clauses2or3ofthisClauseapply.

2 EarthworkenvironmentalbundsformedofreinforcedoranchoredearthshallbeconstructedincompliancewithClauses2502and622.

3 EarthworkenvironmentalbundsformedofstrengthenedembankmentsshallbeconstructedinaccordancewithClause621.

4 (05/01)WhererequiredinAppendix6/9earthworkenvironmentalbundsshallbetopsoiledinaccordancewithClause618andseeded,orturfed,allinaccordancewithClause3005.

620 Landscape Areas

1 LandscapeareasshallbeconstructedinthelocationsshowninAppendix6/9withClass4materialasdescribedthereinandcomplyingwithTable6/1.

2 UnlessmethodcompactiontoClause612isrequiredinAppendix6/9thedegreeofcompactionofClass4materialshallbesufficienttoremovelargevoidsandtoproduceacoherentmasswhilstpreventingover-compactionandanybuildupofexcessporepressures.

3 Followingcompletionoffillingoflandscapeareas,Class4materialshallwhererequiredinAppendix6/9,beshapedasdescribedtherein.

4 Class4materialshallbedepositedinlandscapeareasafteranyadjoiningembankmentorotherareaoffillhasbeencompleted.WherepermittedinAppendix6/9andprovidedtheadjoiningembankmentorotherareaoffillisalwayskeptatleast1mhigherthanthelandscapeareafill,constructionofsuchlandscapeareamayproceeduntilcompletion.

5 (05/01)LandscapeareasshallbetopsoiledinaccordancewithClause618andseededorturfedinaccordancewithClause3005totherequirementsofAppendix30/5.

621 Strengthened Embankments

1 StrengthenedembankmentsshallbeconstructedinthelocationsandtothedetailsdescribedinAppendix6/9withfillmaterialsandstrengtheningmaterialsdescribedtherein.

622 Earthworks for Reinforced Soil and Anchored Earth Structures

1 TheconstructionofearthworksforreinforcedsoilandanchoredearthstructurestogetherwithassemblyanderectionofreinforcingandanchorelementsandassociatedcomponentsshallbeincompliancewiththisClauseandClause2502.

2 ExcavationshallbecarriedoutincompliancewithClause604.

3 Fillforreinforcedsoilstructuresshall,exceptfortheirassociateddrainagelayers,beofClass6I,6J,7B,7Cor7DselectedmaterialcomplyingwithTable6/1aspermittedinAppendix6/1togetherwithanyotheradditionalrequirementstherein.WhereClass7Bconditionedpulverised-fuelashisusedforfill,onlynon-metallicreinforcingelementsshallbeusedandmetallicfastenersshallbeofstainlesssteel.

4 Fillforanchoredearthstructuresshall,exceptfortheirassociateddrainagelayers,beof6Ior6JselectedmaterialcomplyingwithTable6/1aspermittedinAppendix6/1togetherwithanyotheradditionalrequirementstherein.

5 Drainagelayerstoreinforcedsoilandanchoredearthstructuresshallbeoneofthefollowingasappropriate:

(i) Class6HmaterialcomplyingwithTable6/1andAppendix6/1.

(ii) (05/04)forusewithClass7Bmaterial,uncrushed,partiallycrushedorcrushedgravelsandcomplyingwithBSEN12620,finescontentcategoryf3andsizes0/4(CP),0/4(MP)or0/2(MP)and,whenincontactwithmetalliccomponents,withthepropertieslistedinTable6/3.

(iii) TypeBfilterdrainmaterialcomplyingwithClause505foruseonlyinhorizontaldrainagelayers.

Amendment-November2009 20

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

Verticallayersofdrainagelayermaterialshallbebroughtupatthesamerateastheadjoiningfillmaterialwithoutmixingorcontamination.

6 Inadditiontotherequirementsofsub-Clauses7and8ofthisClause,fillforreinforcedsoilandanchoredearthstructuresshallbedepositedandcompactedincompliancewithClauses608and612andTable6/1,withmethodcompactionforClasses6H,6I,6J,7Cand7Dmaterialsandend-productcompactionforClass7Bmaterial.DrainagelayermaterialotherthanClass6HshallbedepositedinaccordancewithClause608andcompactedasdescribedinAppendix6/3.

7 Reinforcedsoilandanchoredearthstructuresshallhave:

(i) thedepositionandcompactioncarriedoutsothatalllayersofreinforcingandanchorelementsarefixedattherequiredlevelsontopofcompactedfill;

(ii) thedeposition,spreading,levellingandcompactionofthefillcarriedoutgenerallyinadirectionparalleltothefacingandexecutedinstagestoalternatewiththeplacingandfixingofthereinforcingandanchorelementsandthefacingelements;

(iii) thereinforcingandanchorelementskeptasfreeaspossiblefromdamageordisplacementduringdeposition,spreading,levellingandcompactionofthefill(alsotheprogrammeoffillingshallbearrangedsothatnomachinesorvehiclesrunonthereinforcingoranchorelements);

(iv) allconstructionplant,andallothervehicles,havingamassexceeding1,000kg,keptatleast2mawayfromthebackofthefacing;

(v) within2mofthebackofthefacing,theplantusedforcompactingthefillrestrictedtothefollowingitemsasdescribedinsub-Clause612.10andlistedinTable6/4:

(a) vibratoryrollerhavingamasspermetrewidthofrollnotexceeding1,300kgwithatotalmassnotexceeding1,000kg;

(b) vibratingplatecompactorhavingamassnotexceeding1,000kg;

(c) vibrotamperhavingamassnotexceeding75kg;

(vi) attheContractor’soption,thereinforcedsoilandanchoredearthfillbeyondthe2mzonereferredtoin(v)above,raisedinthicker

layersthanwithinthe2mzone,providingthisiscompatiblewiththearrangementofthereinforcingandanchorelementsandthedifferenceincompactedleveldoesnotexceed300mm;

(vii) duringconstructionofthereinforcedsoiloranchoredearthstructuretheretainedfillattherearofthestructure,asdefinedinsub-Clause8ofthisClause,maintainedatthesamelevelastheadjoiningreinforcedsoiloranchoredearthfill;

(viii) iftheretainedmaterialattherearofthereinforcedsoiloranchoredearthstructure,asdefinedinsub-Clause8ofthisClause,isanexistingearthworkornaturalslopewhichrequiressupportingbytemporaryshoring,thisshoringshallberemovedprogressivelyastheworkproceedstopreventtheformationofvoids.

8 Therearofthereinforcedsoiloranchoredearthstructureisthepositioncoincidingwiththeendsofthereinforcingoranchorelementsfurthestfromthefacingunits.

623 Earthworks for Corrugated Steel Buried Structures

1 TheconstructionofearthworksforcorrugatedsteelburiedstructurestogetherwithassemblyanderectionoftheircomponentsshallbeincompliancewiththisClauseandClause2501.

2 ExcavationshallbecarriedoutincompliancewithClause604andanyadditionalrequirementsgiveninAppendix6/3.

3 FillforcorrugatedsteelburiedstructuresshallbeofthefollowingselectedgranularmaterialscomplyingwithTable6/1:

(i) LowerbeddingmaterialClass6K.

(ii) UpperbeddingmaterialClass6L.

(iii) SurroundmaterialClass6M

andtheoverlyingfillshallbeoneofthefollowing:

(iv) Wellgraded,uniformlygradedorcoarse,granularmaterialClass6Q.

(v) Wet,dry,stonyorsiltycohesivematerialandchalkClass7H.

4 Inadditiontotherequirementsofsub-Clauses5to14ofthisClause,Class6K,6Land6MmaterialsshallbedepositedincompliancewithClause608andshall(exceptforClass6Lupperbeddingmaterialwhichshall

Amendment-November2009 21

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

beuncompacted)beend-productcompactedincompliancewithClause612andTable6/1,exceptthatthecompactedlayersshallnotexceed150mmthickness.ThecompactionandtestingrequirementsforClass6KlowerbeddingandClass6MsurroundmaterialsshallalsocomplywithanyadditionalrequirementsgiveninAppendix6/3.

5 Asfaraspossible,theClass6Klowerbeddingmaterialshallbeshapedtofittheinvertsuchthatitsupports20%ofthecircumferenceofcircularstructuresorthewholeoftheportionofcircumferenceoccupiedbythebottomplatesofmulti-radiistructures.Inthecaseofstructuresofspanlessthan3mwherethiscannotbemetandthestructureiserectedonaflatorpartiallypreshapedbedding,careshallbetakentoensurethatthelowerbeddingmaterialisproperlyplacedandcompactedunderthehaunches.AuniformlayerofuncompactedClass6Lupperbeddingmaterialshallbedepositedbeforetheplacingofanypartofthesteelstructure,overthewholewidthoftheshapedlowerbeddingmaterialandshallbeofsufficientdepthtofillthecorrugationsoftheundersideofthestructure.

6 Class6Msurroundmaterialshallbeusedforfillingallexcavationsabovethebedding,exceptthoseinhardmaterialforwhichClass6Klowerbeddingmaterialshallbeusedthroughout.AdditionalrequirementsformakinggoodaregiveninClause604.

7 Class6Msurroundmaterialshallbedepositedandcompacteduniformlyoneithersideofthestructure.Themaximumdifferenceinfilllevelonoppositesidesofthestructureshallbenomorethan250mmatalltimesunlessotherwisepermittedinAppendix6/3.

8 Class6Msurroundmaterialshallbedepositedandcompactedinaccordancewithsub-Clause4ofthisClause,abovetheconcretefoundationsofarch-profilecorrugatedsteelburiedstructures.

9 Class6Msurroundmaterialunderthestructureshallbewellcompactedbyhandusingasuitablysizedpoleorlengthofrectangulartimberbetweenthecorrugations,orbyanothersuitablemethod.

10 PlantforcompactionofClass6Msurroundmaterialwithin1mofeithersideofthestructureanduptoaheightof1m,oronefifthofthespanifgreater,abovethecrown,shallberestrictedtothefollowingitems,asdescribedinsub-Clause612.10andlistedinTable6/4:

(i) vibratoryrollershavingamasspermetrewidthofrollnotexceeding750kg;

(ii) vibratingplatecompactorshavingmassnotexceeding750kg;

(iii) vibro-tampers.11 Fillplacedabovethelevelofthecrownofthestructure,includingClass6Msurroundmaterial,shall

bedeposited,spreadandcompactedinsuchamannerthatanyoutofbalanceforcestransmittedtotheculvertarekepttoaminimum.Thiswillrequirethattraffickingbyconstructionplantisnotallinonedirectionandthatthecompactedsurfaceofthefilliskeptasnearhorizontalaspracticable.

12 Duringalloperationsoffilling,compaction,roadpavementconstructionandofanyothertrafficmovementswhichaffecttheshapeofthestructure,thechangesinthehorizontalandverticaldiametersofthestructureshallnotexceed±5%forcircularstructuresand±2%forstructuresofothercross-sections.Thelongitudinalstraightnessoverany10mlengthofthestructureshallnotdeviatebymorethan25mm,andtherotationaldisplacementinany10mlengthofstructureshallnotbegreaterthan25mm.

13 Onlythatcompactionplantdescribedinsub-Clause10ofthisClause,shallbeusedinthevicinityofthestructureunlessthedepthofcompactedClass6Msurroundmaterialplacedabovethecrownofthestructureismorethan1m,oronefifthofthespan,whicheveristhegreater.ThestructureshallnotbesubjectedtoasurchargegreaterthanthedepthoffillrequiredintheContractandpermitteddepthofanyprotectionlayergiveninAppendix6/3.

14 Nomaterialshallbeplacedbytippingeitherontothestructureorwithinadistanceoneithersideofthestructureof2morhalfthespanofthestructure,whicheveristhegreater.

15 Methodcompactionshallbeusedfortheoverlyingfill(Classes6Qand7H)accordingtoClause612;themethodusedbeingthatforthecorrespondinggeneralfillinTable6/1.

624 Ground Anchorages

1 TheContractorshalldesignthegroundanchoragesrequiredaspartofthePermanentWorksandlistedinAppendix1/11,inaccordancewiththedesignrequirementsdescribedinAppendix6/10.ThegroundanchoragesshallbeinstalledandwhererequiredinAppendix6/10proofloaded,inaccordancewiththerequirementstherein.

2 GroundanchoragesnotformingpartofthePermanentWorkswillonlybepermittedwheresuchanchoragewillnotaffectthePermanentWorks.

625 Crib Walling

1 TheContractorshalldesignthecribwallinglistedinAppendix1/10inaccordancewiththedesignspecificationandproceduresinAppendix6/10andStandardBD68.

Amendment-November2009 22

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

626 Gabions

1 GabionsshallbeconstructedincompliancewiththisClauseandwithanyadditionalrequirementsinAppendix6/10.

2 Gabionunitsshallbeassembledinaccordancewiththemanufacturer’sinstructionsandshallbesufficientlyfilledwithClass6GmaterialcomplyingwithTable6/1andanyotherrequirementsinAppendix6/1,withanallowanceforconsolidationoffill,soastominimisedistortionduringconstruction.Gabionunitsshall,whereappropriate,bemaintainedsquareandwithverticalsidesduringfilling.Internaltiewiresshallbeinsertedandunitsshallbetensionedinaccordancewiththemanufacturer’sinstructions.Gabionunitsshallbeconstructedsoastomaintaintightnessofmeshandshallbelacedsecurelywithwire,complyingwithsub-Clause3(i)ofthisClause.

3 ThegabionmeshshallbeoneofthefollowingunlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/10:

(i) AmeshmanufacturedfromwirecomplyingwithBS1052havingaminimumcorediameterof2.0mm,unlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/10.

(ii) Ageomesh,beingagridofplasticmaterialsuitableforuseinearthworks,havingthepropertiesdescribedinAppendix6/10.

4 (11/03)AllwireshallbegalvanizedincompliancewithBSEN10244-2andbecoatedwithaminimumthicknessof0.55mmofPVCforextrudedcoatingsand0.25mmofPVCforbondedcoatings.ThePVCshallbecapableofresistingtheeffectsofimmersioninseawater,exposuretoultravioletlightandabrasion,whentestedforaperiodnotlessthan3000hoursinaccordancewithBS2782:Part5:Method540B(ISO4892).

5 ThesizeofmeshopeningsandgradingoffillshallbeasdescribedinAppendix6/10,butthemaximumsizeoffillmaterialshallnotexceedtwothirdsoftheminimumdimensionofthegabioncompartmentor200mmwhicheverissmallerandtheminimumsizeofthefill,unlessotherwisestatedinAppendix6/10,shallbenotlessthanthesizeofthemeshopening.

6 Mechanicalequipmentmayonlybeusedforfillinggabionunitsprovidedthattheresultsareequivalenttofillingbyhand.

627 Swallow Holes and Other Naturally Occurring Cavities

1 InfilledswallowholesandothernaturallyoccurringcavitiesshallwhererequiredinAppendix6/11be

excavated,filledandcappedasdescribedinAppendix6/11.

2 OpenswallowholesandothershallowcavitiesshallwhererequiredinAppendix6/11beflushed,clearedofrubbishwheretodosowouldnotendangeroperatives,andfilledandcappedasdescribedinAppendix6/11.

628 Disused Mine Workings

1 Disusedmineworkingsshall,whererequiredinAppendix6/11beinvestigated,inspected,monitored,cleared,flushed,filled,cappedorhaveanyothertreatmentcarriedout,allasdescribedinAppendix6/11.

629 Instrumentation and Monitoring

1 Instrumentation,otherthanthatrequiredincompliancewithClause607,shallbeasdescribedinAppendix6/12andshallbeinstalledinthelocationsshowntherein.

2 MonitoringofinstrumentationshallbecarriedoutasrequiredinAppendix6/12andtheresultssuppliedtotheOverseeingOrganisationasrequiredtherein.

630 Ground Improvement

Dynamic Compaction

1 Dynamiccompaction,carriedouttoeithermethodorend-productasrequiredinAppendix6/13andachievedbydroppingafree-fallingheavymass(pounder)anumberoftimesatpre-determinedspacingsonthesurfaceofthegroundorfill,shallbeappliedtotheareasdescribedinAppendix6/13.

2 DynamiccompactionshallbecompletedbeforethecommencementofconstructionofanyPermanentWorks,orworkontheplacementordiversionofStatutoryUndertaker’sequipment,withinthatpartoftheSitedefinedinAppendix6/13whichcontainstheareatobedynamicallycompacted.

3 TheContractorshallensurethatnodamageorinjuryiscausedtopersonsorpropertyonorofftheSiteasaresultofthedynamiccompaction.

Vibrated Stone Columns

4 VibratedstonecolumnsinexistingnaturalsoilsorfillbyvibroreplacementorvibrodisplacementshallbeformedinthemannerandintheareasdescribedinAppendix6/13.

5 UnlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/13,materialsshallcomplywiththeSeries600andtheSeries800asappropriate.

Amendment-November2009 23

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

6 TheContractorshallreportimmediatelytotheOverseeingOrganisationanycircumstancewhichindicatesthatintheContractor’sopinionthegroundconditionsdifferfromthoseexpectedfromhisinterpretationofthegroundinvestigationreports.

7 ColumnsshallbeinstalledasshownontheDrawingsandwithinthepermittedtolerancesstatedinAppendix6/13.

Materials

8 (05/04)Thematerialusedtoformthecolumnsshallbeclean,hard,inertmaterialandshallbenaturalsand,gravel,crushedrockotherthanargillaceousrocks,crushedhardcore,crushedconcrete,crushedslagorwellburntnon-plasticshale.Thematerialshallbeappropriatetothegroundconditionsinwhichthestonecolumnsareformedanditsuseshallnotbedetrimentaltoanyotherworkonsite.Thematerialshallbenominallysinglesizedcoarseaggregatewithavalueofupper(D)sievesizeintherange10mmto40mmoragradedmaterialcomplyingwithClause804(Type2unboundmixturesforsubbase)exceptthematerialpassingthe0.425mmsieveshallbenon-plasticwhentestedinaccordancewithBS1377:Part2.

Testing of Ground Treatment

9 Testingoftreatedgroundshallbeundertakenforcontrolpurposesduringthetreatmentandoncompletionofthegroundtreatment.TheperformancecriteriafortreatedgroundaregiveninAppendix6/13.

10 ImprovementintreatedgroundshallbemeasuredinaccordancewiththecriteriastatedinAppendix6/13.

Types of Test

11 ThefollowingtestsoralternativespermittedinAppendix6/13shallbecarriedoutatthepositionsandfrequencygiveninAppendix6/13.

Plate tests

12 Platebearingtestsareloadingtestscarriedoutusingaplateontreatedground.ThetestisdescribedinBS1377:Part9:1990Method4.1.

Zone Tests

13 Zonetestsareloadingtestscarriedoutwithaslab,intendedtotestbearingpressureoverawideranddeeperzonethanintheplatetests.ThetestisdescribedinBS1377:Part9:1990Method4.2.

Penetration Tests

14 Ingranularsoilsthestaticcone(Dutchcone)penetrationtest,thestandardpenetrationtest(SPT)or

dynamicconepenetrationtestsshallbeemployedasdescribedinAppendix6/13.

Trial Areas

15 TrialareasaretobetreatedandtestedwhererequiredinAppendix6/13.TrialareaswhichmeettheperformancerequirementsmayformpartofthePermanentWorks.

16 EquipmentandmaterialsusedintrialareasshallbeidenticaltothoseproposedforthePermanentWorks.

17 TestingintrialareasshallbecarriedoutasgiveninAppendix6/13.

18 DetailedreportsshallbepreparedforalltestingasdefinedinTable6/6.

Records and Reports

19 Completerecordsofplant,equipmentandmaterialsshallbemaintainedduringallgroundtreatmentoperations.

20 RecordsshallbemadeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationincludingallinformationidentifiedinTable6/6andanyotherinformationrequiredbyAppendix6/13.Allrecordspertainingtoaparticularday’soperationsshallbemadeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationatthestartofthefollowingday’soperations.

Other Methods

21 OthermethodsofgroundimprovementshallbecarriedoutwhererequiredinAppendix6/13andasdescribedtherein.

631 Earthworks Materials Tests

1 UnlessotherwisedescribedintheContractsamplingandtestingofearthworksmaterialsshallbecarriedoutinaccordancewithBS1377:Part1toPart9inclusive.

#632 Determination of Moisture Condition Value (MCV) of Earthworks Materials

1 WheretheMoistureConditionValue(MCV)istobedetermined,thedeterminationshallbecarriedoutinaccordancewithBS1377:Part4.

2 ThedeterminationoftheMCV/moisturecontentrelationinaccordancewithBS1377:Part4shallbecarriedoutwhenrequiredinAppendix6/1.

3 WherepermittedinAppendix6/1therapidassessmentprocedureformaterialacceptabilityalsogiveninBS1377:Part4maybeused.

Amendment-November2009 24

Volume 1Specification for Highway Works

Series 600Earthworks

633 Determination of Undrained ShearStrength of Remoulded Cohesive Material

1 Where required in Appendix 6/1, the undrainedshear strength of cohesive soil under total stressconditions shall be determined from triaxialcompression tests performed on remoulded specimensand tested under conditions where the lateral pressure ismaintained constant and there is no change in totalwater content of the specimens. Unless otherwiserequired in Appendix 6/1, the tests shall be inaccordance with BS 1377 : Part 7 and the additionalrequirements of sub-Clauses 2 to 4 of this Clause.

2 The specimens shall be prepared in accordancewith BS 1377 : Part 7 using remoulded materialcompacted into a split mould of nominal diameter100 mm and nominal height 200 mm. The soil shall beat its natural moisture content and compacted inaccordance with BS 1377 : Part 1 using the 2.5 kgrammer method described in BS 1377 : Part 4.

3 The specimens shall be tested at an operating cellpressure of 200 ± 10 kN/m² and an axial strain rate of1% per minute. Where Appendix 6/1 requires c and ϕ tobe determined, the test shall be modified to enableMohr circles to be plotted and c and ϕ reported.

4 Where stated and described in Appendix 6/1, othertests may be used during construction to supplement thetest described above, provided the results have beencorrelated to ensure compatibility.

634 (11/05) Determination of Intact Lump DryDensity (IDD) of Chalk

1 (11/05) The intact lump dry density (IDD) of chalklumps shall be determined in accordance withBS 1377 : Part 2.

635 (05/04) Los Angeles and Other Tests forParticle Soundness

(05/04) Resistance to Fragmentation - Los AngelesCoefficient (LA)

1 (05/04) The value of Los Angeles coefficient shallbe determined in accordance with BS EN 1097-2.

Other Tests for Particle Soundness

2 (05/04) Where Appendix 6/1 requires magnesiumsulfate soundness tests to be carried out, they shall becarried out in accordance with BS EN 1367-2. WhereAppendix 6/1 requires slake durability, point load orother tests for soundness to be carried out, they shall becarried out in accordance with the procedures giventherein.

636 Determination of Effective Angle ofInternal Friction (ϕϕϕϕϕ/////) and Effective Cohesion(c/////) of Earthworks Materials

1 The effective angle of internal friction ϕ/ andeffective cohesion c/ shall be determined by shear boxor triaxial tests as required in Table 6/1 andAppendix 6/1. Unless otherwise required inAppendix 6/1, the tests shall be in accordance with therequirements in sub-Clauses 2 to 6 of this Clause.

Shear Box Tests

2 For Classes 6N, 6P, 6I and 6J granular materials,the tests shall be carried out in accordance withBS 1377 : Part 7 and the following:

(i) The plan size of the shear box shall benominally 300 mm square.

(ii) Three samples shall be tested, each sampleoccupying the full depth of the shear box andshall be compacted at the optimum moisturecontent to a dry density of 92% ± 2% of themaximum dry density determined inaccordance with BS 1377 : Part 4 using thevibrating hammer method. The samples shallnot be immersed in water.

(iii) Each of the samples shall be subjected to adifferent normal stress equal to themaximum vertical pressure in the fill at thebase, quarter height and mid-height of thestructure respectively. Each of the samplesshall be sheared in a single stage test withinone hour of compaction and the rate ofshearing shall be such that no pore waterpressure is generated.

(iv) The values of c/ and ϕ/ reported shall bethose corresponding to the maximumstrength envelope.

3 For Classes 7A, 7C and 7D cohesive materials, thetests shall be carried out in accordance withBS 1377 : Part 7 and the following:

(i) The shear boxes shall be nominally 300 mmsquare and nominally 60 mm square.

(ii) For the initial determination of fill propertiesthree samples shall be tested in each size ofshear box. The samples shall occupy the fulldepth of the shear box and shall becompacted at the optimum moisture contentto a dry density of 92% ± 2% of themaximum dry density determined inaccordance with BS 1377 : Part 4 using the4.5 kg rammer method. To allow the samplesto soften, the shear box assembly shall then

25Amendment - November 2006

Volume 1Specification for Highway Works

Series 600Earthworks

be immersed in water for a minimum periodof 24 hours.

(iii) Each of the three samples in a set shall besubjected to a different effective normalstress equal to the maximum verticalpressure in the fill at the base, quarter heightand mid-height of the structure respectively.Normal stresses shall be applied to thesoftened sample for a minimum period of24 hours prior to shearing in a single stagetest. The rate of shearing shall be such thatno pore water pressure is generated.

(iv) The values of c/ and ϕ/ reported shall bethose corresponding to the maximumstrength envelope.

(v) The test results obtained using the 300 mmsquare box shall be taken as the properties ofthe fill. The initial test results obtained usingthe 60 mm square box shall be used for thesubsequent quality control of the fill.

4 For Class 7B pulverised-fuel ash material, theprocedure shall be as for sub-Clause 3 of this Clauseexcept that:

(i) The maximum dry density and optimummoisture content shall be determined inaccordance with BS 1377 : Part 4 using the2.5 kg rammer method.

(ii) An additional sample in each set shall besubjected to an effective normal stress equalto the maximum vertical pressure in the fillat three quarters of the height of the structureor the lowest attainable normal stress,whichever is the greater.

(iii) As soon as the shear box has been filled andthe sample compacted, the normal stressshall be applied and the sample immersed inwater. This concurrent loading andimmersion of the sample shall continue for aperiod of 24 hours and the sample shall thenbe sheared without further delay.

Triaxial Tests

5 Where Class 7A cohesive fill to structures is to betested by a consolidated drained triaxial test, the testshall be in accordance with BS 1377 : Part 8 using thesample size and preparation procedure in Clause 633and the requirements of Appendix 6/1.

637 Determination of Resistivity (rs) to AssessCorrosivity of Soil, Rock or EarthworksMaterials

Method of Test

1 Where the resistivity of the ground or of material tobe used in the Permanent Works is required to bedetermined, this shall be obtained by in situ tests asdescribed in sub-Clause 2 of this Clause or, whenrequired in Appendix 6/1, by laboratory tests onsamples in accordance with BS 1377 : Part 3.

In Situ Resistivity Tests

2 In situ resistivity shall be determined at the site ofthe structure or the cutting or the proposed borrow pitor on stockpiles in accordance with BS 1377 : Part 9and the requirements of Appendix 6/1.

3 Details of the area and volume of material to betested shall be made available to the OverseeingOrganisation together with the arrangement ofelectrodes in each test. The Overseeing Organisationshall be given notice of the date, time and location ofeach test.

4 At any test location, at each selected depth, twomeasurements shall be made such that the electrodealignment for the second measurement is approximatelyat right angles to the electrode alignment for the firstmeasurement.

5 At any test location, the first selected depth shall beno more than 1.5 m below the ground surface or nomore than 1.5 m below the upper surface of the materialto be tested, whichever is appropriate. Following themeasurements at the first selected depth, furthermeasurements shall be made at selected depthsincreasing by approximately 2 m each time untilmeasurements have been carried out on the full depth ofground or material to be tested.

6 Where the depth of material to be tested is toogreat to be tested from the surface within the confinesof the Site, the Contractor shall undertake all necessaryarrangements for testing such material, includingsubsequent tests which may be required at a lower levelfollowing excavation. Details of his arrangements shallbe made available to the Overseeing Organisation.

26Amendment - November 2006

Volume 1Specification for Highway Works

Series 600Earthworks

638 Determination of Redox Potential (Eh) toAssess Corrosivity of Earthworks Materialsfor Reinforced Soil and Anchored EarthStructures

Method of Test

1 Where the redox potential of material to beincorporated into reinforced earth or anchored earthstructures is required to be determined, this shall beobtained by in situ tests as described in sub-Clauses 2 to6 of this Clause or, when required in Appendix 6/1, bylaboratory tests on samples in accordance withBS 1377 : Part 3.

In Situ Redox Potential Tests

2 In situ redox potential shall be determined inundisturbed ground at the site of the cutting or theproposed borrow pit or on stockpiles in accordance withBS 1377 : Part 9 and the requirements of Appendix 6/1.

3 Details of the area and volume of material to betested shall be made available to the OverseeingOrganisation together with the locations of the test pits.

4 The Overseeing Organisation shall be given noticeof the date, time and location of each test.

5 At each test location the tests shall be carried out ina test pit not less than 600 mm square in plan excavatedto a depth given in Appendix 6/1.

6 At each test location, a sample shall be taken fromthe base of the excavation and kept in a hermeticallysealed container for determining the pH value of the fillwhich shall be obtained in accordance withBS 1377 : Part 3.

639 Determination of Coefficient of Frictionand Adhesion Between Fill and ReinforcingElements or Anchor Elements for ReinforcedSoil and Anchored Earth Structures

Reinforcing Elements

1 The coefficient of friction and the adhesion shall bedetermined by tests carried out in a 300 mm size shearbox with the element material fixed at the top of thelower half of the box and the fill sample occupying thetop half only.

2 The test shall be carried out following theprocedure given in Clause 636 for the determination ofthe effective angle of internal friction and effectivecohesion of earthworks materials except that:

(i) The apparatus shall in addition include asteel block fitting closely inside the lower

half of the shear box and equal in height to itless the thickness of the reinforcing elementmaterial. (The flat toothed grid fitting thebottom of the shear box is not required).

(ii) The preparation of test specimens shall be asfollows:

Element material shall be cut to fit theinterior plan shape of the shear box using asufficient number of strips of such materialabutting to completely fill the interior planarea without overlap. They shall be firmlyfixed to the top of the steel block so that thetop face of the material is flush with the topedge of the lower half of the box and alignedso that shearing occurs in a direction parallelto the longitudinal axis of a reinforcingelement.

A sample of the fill material to be used in thePermanent Works, of sufficient size to carryout the tests, and within the range ofmoisture contents permitted in Table 6/1 forsuch material, shall be sieved to obtain a testsample passing the 20 mm BS sieve, ofsufficient quantity after compaction to fillthe top half of the shear box. The top andbottom of the shear box shall be fixedtogether and the test sample of the sieved fillmaterials immediately placed and compactedin the top half of the box as described inClause 636.

3 The value of the coefficient of friction between thefill and the reinforcing element shall be obtained byplotting the values of peak shear stress, obtained in thetests, against applied normal stress and by measuringthe slope of the resulting straight line graph. Theadhesion between the fill and the reinforcement shall beobtained by taking the shear stress corresponding withzero normal stress.

4 The following additional information shall berecorded for each test:

(i) Normal stress applied (kN/m²).

(ii) Peak shear stress (kN/m²).

(iii) Strain at peak shear stress (%).

(iv) Moisture content of fill after test(Classes 7B, 7C and 7D).

Anchor Elements

5 Where required in Appendix 6/1, tests shall becarried out as described therein to assess the interactionbetween the fill and the element.

27Amendment - November 2005

Volume 1Specification for Highway Works

Series 600Earthworks

640 Determination of Permeability ofEarthworks Materials

1 Where required in Table 6/1 or Appendix 6/1 thepermeability of earthworks materials shall bedetermined as described in Appendix 6/1.

641 Determination of Available Lime Contentof Lime for Lime Stabilised Capping

1 (11/03) The available lime content of lime for limeor lime and cement stabilised capping to be determinedon Site shall be carried out as described inBS 6463 : Part 101 except that the sample incrementsshall be taken from the collecting tray used to check therate of spread at intervals of one increment per 500 m.

2 (11/03) The available lime content shall bedetermined as calcium oxide in accordance withBS 6463 : Part 102, Method 20, and the results reportedas:

Available lime (as CaO) = ......% by mass.

642 Determination of the Constrained SoilModulus (M*) of Earthworks Materials forCorrugated Steel Buried structures

General

1 When required in Appendix 6/1, the constrainedsoil modulus M* shall be determined by one of thefollowing methods:

(i) From plate loading tests in accordance withBS 1377 : Part 9.

(ii) From the results of Standard Penetrationresistance tests (SPT) on non-cohesivematerials in accordance withBS 1377 : Part 9.

(iii) From the values of the coefficient of volumecompressibility (mv) from one-dimensionalconsolidation tests on undisturbed soilspecimens of cohesive materials, inaccordance with BS 1377 : Part 5.

Plate Loading Tests

2 When testing compacted granular fill materials thetest surface shall be prepared by either:

(i) removing the surface layer carefully usinghand tools to perform the test at a depth of100 mm below the surface; or

(ii) compacting the surface, after the requiredcompaction has been applied, with twoadditional passes with no vibration toremove the overstressing in the surface layer.

If necessary, the plate shall be bedded ontothe fill using a small quantity of dry sand toremove any slight unevenness of the surfaceof the fill. The field dry density and moisturecontent shall be determined at the position ofeach plate loading test in accordance withClause 612 and BS 1377 : Part 2 orequivalent, respectively.

3 When using the plate loading test to determine M*of the material existing on site a smooth surface shall beprepared by careful hand excavation and the platebedded onto the soil using either sand or quick settinggypsum plaster depending on whether the soil isgranular or cohesive.

4 (11/03) The loading test shall be carried out under aseries of maintained loads. The maximum load shall besuch that the average pressure applied to the plate is inexcess of 350 kN/m². The elastic modulus Es shall bedetermined as the secant modulus between averagepressures applied to the plate of 150 and 350 kN/m² inthe first load cycle. A value of Poisson’s ratio of 0.3shall be assumed. A second load cycle testing shall alsobe conducted and the results of this test compared withthe first load cycle to check that the plate was seatedsatisfactorily during the first load cycle. If the results ofthe first load cycle suggest that the plate was not seatedsatisfactorily, then the procedure shall be repeated at anew location. Second load cycle results shall not beused to demonstrate the adequacy of the material beingtested.

5 The constrained soil modulus M* shall bedetermined from the elastic modulus Es using theequation:

(1 - v)EsM* = ___________________ (N/mm2) (1 + v)(1 - 2v)

where v = Poisson’s ratio to be taken as 0.3

and Es = Elastic modulus of the soil (N/mm2)

Standard Penetration resistance Tests

6 The constrained soil modulus M* of non-cohesivematerials existing on site shall be determined from therelationship:

0.39N1.4

M* = ____________ (N/mm2) γm

Where N = uncorrected SPT value and γm = 1.3

28Amendment - November 2005

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

One-dimensional Consolidation Tests

7 TheconstrainedsoilmodulusM*ofundrainedcohesivematerialsexistingonsiteshallbedeterminedfromtheformula:

1 M*= (N/mm2) mv

wheremv(mm2/N)isthecoefficientofvolume

compressibility

Thevalueofmvtobeusedintheformulaisthatcalculatedfromthetestresultsfortheloadingincrementintheconsolidationtestcorrespondingtotheinsitueffectiveoverburdenpressureatthelevelofthecrownofthestructure.

Number of Tests

8 ThreetestsforM*shallbecarriedoutonthesoiloccurringoneachsideofthestructure,oneofwhichistobeatthelevelofthemaximumspan,unlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/1.

643 (05/01) Lime and Cement Stabilisation to Form Capping

1 Wherecappingistoconsistof,eitherwhollyorinpart,limeandcementstabilisedmaterialClass9Eor9F,thisClauseshallapplytotheconstructionofthosepartswhicharestabilisedwithlimeandcement.

2 MaterialtobestabilisedwithlimeandcementshallbeClass6Ror7ImaterialallcomplyingwithClause601andTable6/1.

3 (11/09)Limeforlimeandcementstabilisationshall,asrequiredinAppendix6/7,beeitherquicklimeorhydratedlimecomplyingwithBSEN459-1.Quicklimeshallwhensievedhave100%passingaBS10mmsieveandatleast95%bymasspassingaBS5mmsieve.

4 TheContractorshallmakeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationforeachsourceoflimeareportofachemicalanalysisfor‘availablelime’madeinaccordancewithsub-Clause641.2.SuchreportsshallbesubmittedtotheOverseeingOrganisationpriortotheincorporationoflimeinthePermanentWorksatweeklyorotherintervalsdefinedinAppendix6/7duringperiodswhenlimeandcementstabilisationiscarriedout.

5 CementforlimeandcementstabilisationshallbePortlandcementcomplyingwithClause1001,unlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/7.

6 Classes6Rand7Imaterialtobestabilisedshallhaveaddedtoit,atanypoint,thepercentageofitsdry

weightoflimeandcementasdeterminedonthedemonstrationarea,tomeettherequiredbearingratioinAppendix6/1,subjecttoaminimumof1%byweightof‘availablelime’and2%cementasapercentageofthedryweightofthe6Rand7Imaterials.7 TheContractorshallnotcarryoutlimeandcementstabilisationwhentheshadetemperatureisbelow3°Cunlessonarisingthermometerabove0°C.Limeandcementstabilisationshallnotbecarriedoutduringperiodsofrainorwhenrainisimminent.Whencementisspreadonmateriallikelytocauseprematurehydration,processinginaccordancewithsub-Clause16ofthisClauseshallfollowimmediately.8 Limeofquantitycomplyingwithsub-Clause6ofthisClauseshallbeuniformlyspreadbyanapprovedspreadingmachineontopofthelayertobestabilised.UsingacollectingtrayandbalancetheContractorshallchecktherateofspreadbyweight,onceforevery500m2oflimespreadoradifferentrateoftestingfortherateofspreadasdescribedinAppendix6/7.AtthesametimetheContractorshallcollectsamplesoflimedepositedonthetrayandtestthemforavailablelimecontentinaccordancewithClause641.9 UnlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/7,thematerialshallbestabilisedinasinglelayerifitscompactedthicknessis250mmorless.Ifitscompactedthicknessisgreater,thematerialshallbestabilisedinlayersnotlessthan130mmandnotmorethan250mmthick,includinganycutting-inrequiredbysub-Clause13ofthisClause.10 UnlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/7,thematerialformingthelayertobestabilisedshallbeprocessedbypulverisingandmixinginthelimebymeansofsufficientnumberofpassesofanapprovedmobilestabilisingmachineuntil95%oftheClass9Eor95%ofthesiltandclayfractionofClass9FprocessedmaterialpassesaBS28mmsieveafterdrysievingandthepulverisationcomplieswithTable6/1.11 (11/05)Duringprocessingsufficientwatershallbeavailableinthematerialtoslakethequicklime(ifused)andtoenablesatisfactorymixingandcompactiontobeachieved.Anyaddedwatershallbethroughanintegralspray-baronthestabilisingmachine.Anyaddedwatershallhaveasulfatecontentnotexceeding1400mg/lasSO4whentestedinaccordancewithTestNo.1ofTRLReport447.12 Thelayershallreceiveatleasttwopassesofthestabilisingmachinetopulveriseandmixthelimeandsoil,afterwhichtheprocessingshallbeinterruptedbyaperiodofnotlessthan24hoursandnotgreaterthan72hourstoenablethelimetoreactwiththesoil.Beforethisperiodcommencesthesurfaceofthelayershallbesealedwithonepassofasmoothwheeledrollerhavingamasspermetrewidthofrollofnotlessthan

Amendment-November2009 29

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

2700kgorapneumatictyredrollerofnotlessthan1000kgperwheel.Attheendofthisperiodthelayershallreceiveonefurtherpassofthestabilisingmachineormoreifrequiredtoenablethematerialtocomplywithsub-Clauses10ofthisClause.

13 Thestabilisingmachineshallbeequippedwithadeviceforcontrollingthedepthofprocessingwhichshallbemaintainedatthecorrectsettingatalltimes.Anoverlapof150mmshallbemadebetweenadjacentpassesofthestabilisingmachine.Whereasubsequentlayerofmaterialisplacedonalayerpreviouslystabilisedthetinesorbladesofthestabilisingmachineshallbesetsothattheycutintothepreviouslystabilisedlayerbelowbyatleast20mm.

14 Theappropriatequantityofcementshallbeuniformlyspread,byasuitablespreadingmachine,ontopofthelayerpreviouslyprocessedwithlime.UsingacollectingtrayandbalancetheContractorshallchecktherateofspreadofthemachineonceforevery500m2ofcementspread.

15 UnlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/7,thematerialpreviouslymixedwithlimeshallbestabilisedwithcementinasinglelayerorinlayersofthesamecompactedthicknessasforthelimemixedmateriallayers,includinganycutting-inrequiredbysub-Clause13ofthisClause.

16 UnlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/7,thematerialformingthelayertobestabilisedshallbeprocessedbypulverisingandmixinginthecementbymeansofasufficientnumberofpassesofanapprovedmobilestabilisingmachineuntil95%ofthesiltandclayfractionisreducedtoparticlesorlumpspassingaBS28mmsieveafterdrysievingandthepulverisationcomplieswithTable6/1.

17 (11/05)Duringprocessing,sufficientwatershallbeavailableinthematerialtohydratethecementandenablesatisfactorymixingandcompactiontobeachieved.Anyaddedwatershallbethroughanintegralspray-baronthestabilisingmachine.Anyaddedwatershallhaveasulfatecontentnotexceeding1400mg/lasSO4whentestedinaccordancewithTestNo.1ofTRLReport447.

18 Thestabilisingmachineshallbeequippedwithadeviceforcontrollingthedepthofprocessingwhichshallbemaintainedatthecorrectsettingatalltimes.Anoverlapof150mmshallbemadebetweenadjacentpassesofthestabilisingmachine.Whereasubsequentlayerofmaterialisplacedonalayerpreviouslystabilisedthetinesorbladesofthestabilisingmachineshallbesetsothattheycutintothepreviouslystabilisedlayerbelowbyatleast20mm.

19 (11/05)EachlayerofClass9Eor9Fprocessedmaterialshallbecompactedassoonaspossibleafterthe

finalpassofthestabilisingmachine.Compactionshallbecompletedwithin2hoursfollowingthemixingofthecementintothematerialtobestabilised.ImmediatelybeforecompactionClass9EprocessedmaterialshallhaveaMoistureConditionValue(MCV)ofnotgreaterthan12norlessthanthefigurestatedinAppendix6/1bothasdeterminedinaccordancewithClause632.WatershallbeaddedifnecessaryinauniformmannertoenablethisMCVrequirementtobemet.Anyaddedwatershallhaveasulfatecontentnotexceeding1400mg/lasSO4whentestedinaccordancewithTestNo.1ofTRLReport447.

20 ThecompactionofeachlayerofClass9Eor9FmaterialshallcomplywithClause612,Table6/4Method7,exceptthatiflayersofClass9Eor9Fgreaterthan250mmthicknessaretobeconstructed,thenumberofpassesofthecompactionplantshallbedeterminedfromtheresultsofademonstrationareaasdetailedinAppendix6/7.

21 Class9Eand9FmaterialsshallbecuredinaccordancewithClause1035.Duringperiodswhentheairtemperatureisforecasttodropbelow3°CorwhengroundfrostisforecastClass9Eand9Fmaterialshallbeprotected,topreventfreezing,foraperiodof7daysfromthetimeofcompletionofcompaction.Suchprotectionshallbesealedtopreventtheingressofmoisture.

22 Class9Eand9FmaterialsshallnothaveothermaterialdepositedorcompactedabovethemuntilsuchtimeastherequiredbearingratioinAppendix6/1hasbeenachieved.Therelaxationallowedinsub-Clause617.2shallnotapplybeforethistime.

(11/03) 644 Determination of sulfate content

1 WhererequiredinTable6/1orAppendix6/1,theeffectsofwater-solublesulfate,oxidisablesulfidesandtotalpotentialsulfateshallbeassessedinaccordancewithTRLReport447,TestNos.1to5.

2 TestresultsandlimitingvaluesforsulfateshallbegivenasSO4.FurtherinformationonsulfurcompoundsisgiveninNG644.

3 (11/05)AtleastfivesamplesofeachmaterialshallbetestedforWS,OSandTPS.Themeanofthehighesttwovaluesshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.Thisalsoappliesifsixtonineresultsareavailable.Iftenormoreresultsareavailable,themeanofthehighest20%oftheresultsshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.

Amendment-November2005 30

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orks

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)

1 A - Well graded General Fill Any material, or combination of (i) grading BS 1377 : part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 2 1 A -granular material materials, other than material designated

as Class 3 in the Contract. (Properties (ii) uniformity See Note 5 10 -(i), (ii) and (iv) in next column, shall not coefficientapply to chalk). Recycled aggregate

(iii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1

(iv) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1

(v) IDD of chalk Clause 634 - App 6/1

1 B - Uniformly graded General Fill Any material, or combination of (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 3 1 B -granular material materials, other than chalk. Recycled

aggregate (ii) uniformity See Note 5 - 10coefficient

(iii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1

(iv) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1

1 C - Coarse granular General Fill Any material, or combination of (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 5 1 C -material materials, other than material designated

as Class 3 in the Contract. (Properties (i) (ii) uniformity See Note 5 5 -and (ii) in next column, shall not apply coefficientto chalk). Recycled aggregate

(iii) Los Angeles Clause 635 - 50coefficient

Lower Upper

GENERAL

GRANULAR

FILL

TABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes)

ClassCompactionRequirements inClause 612

31A

mendm

ent - Novem

ber 2005

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orksTABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)

2 A - Wet cohesive General Fill Any material, or combination of (i) grading BS 1377 : part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 1 2 A -material materials, other than chalk. except for materials

(ii) plastic limit BS 1377 : part 2 - - with liquid limit(PL) greater than 50,

determined by(iii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 PL -4% App 6/1 BS1377 : Part 2, only

deadweight tamping or(iv) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1 vibratory tamping

rollers or grid rollers(v) Undrained Clause 633 App 6/1 App 6/1 shall be used.shear strength ofremoulded material

2 B - Dry cohesive General Fill Any material, or combination of (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 2 2 B -material materials, other than chalk

(ii) plastic limit BS 1377 : Part 2 - -(PL)

(iii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 PL -4%

(iv) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1

(v) undrained shear Clause 633 App 6/1 App 6/1strength ofremoulded material

Lower

GENERAL

COHESIVE

FILL

Upper

ClassCompactionRequirements inClause 612

32A

mendm

ent - Novem

ber 2005

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orksTABLE 6/1: Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

2 C - Stony cohesive General Fill Any material, or combination of (i) grading BS 1377 : part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 2 2 C -material materials, other than chalk

(ii) plastic limit BS 1377 : part 2 - -(PL)

(iii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1

(iv) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 -

(v) Undrained Clause 633 App 6/1 -shear strength ofremoulded material

2 D - Silty cohesive General Fill Any material, or combination of (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 3 2 D -material materials, other than chalk

(ii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1

(iii) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1

(iv) undrained Clause 633 App 6/1 App 6/1shear strength ofremoulded material

2 E - Reclaimed General Fill Reclaimed material from lagoon or (i) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 To enable End product 95% of 2 E -pulverised fuel ash stockpile containing not more than 20% compaction to maximum dry densitycohesive material furnace bottom ash Clause 612 of BS 1377 : Part 4

(2.5 kg rammer(ii) bulk density BS 1377 : Part 9 App 6/1 App 6/1 method)

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)

Lower

GENERAL

COHESIVE

FILL

Upper

ClassCompactionRequirements inClause 612

33A

mendm

ent - Novem

ber 2003

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orksTABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

3 - - Chalk General Fill Chalk and associated materials all (i) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 - App 6/1 Tab 6/4 Method 4, or 3 - -designated as Class 3 in the Contract Method 1 if required

(ii) IDD Clause 634 App 6/1 App 6/1 in App 6/1. All typesof vibratory rollers ofCategories over1800 kg shall not beused

4 - - Various Fill to landscape See App 6/1 (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1 See Clause 620 and 4 - -areas App 6/1

(ii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 - App 6/1

(iii) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1

5 A - Topsoil, or turf, Topsoiling Topsoil or turf designated as Class 5A in (i) grading Clause 618 - Clause - 5 A -existing on site the Contract 618

5 B - Imported topsoil Topsoiling General purpose grade complying with - - - - - 5 B -BS 3882

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)

Lower

GEN

CHALK

FILL

LANDSCAPE

FILL

TOPSOIL

Upper

ClassCompactionRequirements inClause 612

34A

mendm

ent - Novem

ber 2005

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orks

6 A - Selected well Below water Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 No compaction 6 A -graded granular gravel, crushed rock other than (On-site)material argillaceous rock, crushed concrete,

chalk, well burnt colliery spoil or any BS EN 933-2 Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5combination thereof. (Properties (i) and (Off-site)(ii) in next column, shall not apply tchalk.) Recycled aggregate (ii) uniformity See Note 5 10 -

(iii) SMC of chalk Clause 634 - 20%index

(iv) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 Non-plastic

6 B - Selected coarse Starter layer Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 5 6 B -granular material gravel, crushed rock, crushed concrete, (On-site)

chalk, well burnt colliery spoil, slag orany combination thereof. (Properties BS EN 933-2 Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5(ii) and (iii) in next column, shall not (Off-site)apply to chalk.) Recycled aggregate

(ii) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 Non-plastic

(iii) Los Angeles Clause 635 - 50coefficient

TABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)

Lower Upper

SELECTED

GRANULAR

FILL

35A

mendm

ent - Novem

ber 2005

ClassCompactionRequirements inClause 612

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orks

6 C - Selected uniformly Starter layer Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 3 6 C -graded granular gravel, crushed rock other than (On-site)material argillaceous rock, crushed concrete,

chalk, well burnt colliery spoil, slag or BS EN 933-2 Table 6/5 Tab 6/5any combination thereof. (Property (iii) (Off-site)in next column, shall not apply tochalk.) Recycled aggregate (ii) uniformity See Note 5 - 10

coefficient

(iii) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 Non-plastic

(iv) Los Angeles Clause 635 - 50coefficient

(v) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1

6 D - Selected uniformly Starter layer below Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 4 6 D -graded granular pulverised fuel ash gravel, crushed rock other than (On-site)material argillaceous rock, crushed concrete,

chalk, well burnt colliery spoil, slag or BS EN 933-2 Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5any combination thereof. Recycled (Off-site)aggregate

(ii) uniformity See Note 5 - 10coefficient

(iii) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 Non-plastic

(iv) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1

(v) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1

TABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)

Lower Upper

SELECTED

GRANULAR

FILL

ClassCompactionRequirements inClause 612

36A

mendm

ent - Novem

ber 2005

Volume1

Series600SpecificationforH

ighwayW

orksEarthw

orks

Amendm

ent-Novem

ber200837

TABLE 6/1:(11/08)Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

Class General Material Description

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject to Requirements of Clause 601 and Appendix 6/1)

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (In Addition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials in Clause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Compaction Requirements in Clause 612

Class

Property (See Exceptions in Previous Column)

Defined and Tested in Accordance with:

Acceptable Limits Within:

Lower UpperSELECTEDGRANULARFILL

6 E - Selectedgranularmaterial(Class9A)

Forstabilisationwithcementtoformcapping

Anymaterial,orcombinationofmaterials,otherthanunburntcollieryspoilandargillaceousrock.(Properties(i),(ii)and(iii)innextcolumn,shallnotapplytochalk.)Recycledaggregate

(i)grading BS1377:Part2(On-site)

Tab6/2 Tab6/2 Notapplicable 6 E -

BSEN933-2(Off-site)

Tab6/5 Tab6/5

(ii)mc BS1377:Part2 - App6/1(iii)liquidlimit BS1377:Part2 - 45(iv)plasticityindex BS1377:Part2 - 20(v)organicmatter BS1377:Part3 - App6/1(vi)watersoluble(WS)sulfatecontent

TRLReport477,TestNo.1

- 3000mg/lasSO4

(vii)oxidisablesulfides(OS)content

TRLReport477,TestsNo.2and4

- 0.6%asSO4

(viii)SMCofchalk Clause634 20%

Volume1

Series600SpecificationforH

ighwayW

orksEarthw

orks

Amendm

ent-Novem

ber200938

TABLE 6/1:(11/09)Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

Class General Material Description

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject to Requirements of Clause 601 and Appendix 6/1)

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (In Addition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials in Clause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Compaction Requirements in Clause 612

Class

Property (See Exceptions in Previous Column)

Defined and Tested in Accordance with:

Acceptable Limits Within:

Lower UpperSELECTEDGRANULARFILL

6 F 1 Selectedgranularmaterial(finegrading)

Capping Anymaterial,orcombinationofmaterials-includingrecycledaggregateswithnotmorethan50%bymassofrecycledbituminousplaningsandgranulatedasphalt,butexcludingmaterialsthatcontaintarandtar-bitumenbinders,unburntcollieryspoil,argillaceousrockandchalk.

Property(vi)inthenextcolumnshallnotapplyiftheClassRa(asphalt)contentofanyrecycledaggregateis20%orless.

(i)grading BS1377:Part2 Tab6/2 Tab6/2 Tab6/4Method6 6 F 1(ii)optimummc BS1377:Part4

(vibratinghammermethod)

- -

(iii)mc BS1377:Part2 Optimummc-2%

Optimummc

(iv)LosAngelescoefficient

Clause635 - 60

(v)ClassRa(asphalt)content

Clause710 - 50%

(vi)bitumencontent

BSEN12697-1orBSEN12697-39

- 2.0%

6 F 2 Selectedgranularmaterial(coarsegrading)

Capping Anymaterial,orcombinationofmaterials-includingrecycledaggregateswithnotmorethan50%bymassofrecycledbituminousplaningsandgranulatedasphalt,butexcludingmaterialsthatcontaintarandtar-bitumenbinders,unburntcollieryspoilandargillaceousrock.

Property(i)inthenextcolumnshallnotapplytochalk.

Property(vi)inthenextcolumnshallnotapplyiftheClassRa(asphalt)contentofanyrecycledaggregateis20%orless.

(i)grading BS1377:Part2 Tab6/2 Tab6/2 Tab6/4Method6 6 F 2(ii)optimummc BS1377:Part4

(vibratinghammermethod)

- -

(iii)mc BS1377:Part2 Optimummc-2%

Optimummc

(iv)LosAngelescoefficient

Clause635 - 50

(v)ClassRa(asphalt)content

Clause710 - 50%

(vi)bitumencontent

BSEN12697-1orBSEN12697-39

- 2.0%

Volume1

Series600SpecificationforH

ighwayW

orksEarthw

orks

Amendm

ent-Novem

ber200939

TABLE 6/1:(11/09)Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

Class General Material Description

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject to Requirements of Clause 601 and Appendix 6/1)

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (In Addition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials in Clause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Compaction Requirements in Clause 612

Class

Property (See Exceptions in Previous Column)

Defined and Tested in Accordance with:

Acceptable Limits Within:

Lower UpperSELECTEDGRANULARFILL

6 F 3 Selectedgranularmaterial

Capping Anymaterial,orcombinationofmaterialswithnotlessthan50%bymassofrecycledbituminousplaningsandgranulatedasphalt,butexcludingmaterialsthatcontaintarandtar-bitumenbinders,unburntcollieryspoilandargillaceousrock

(i)grading BS1377:Part2(On-site)

Tab6/2 Tab6/2 Tab6/4Method6MaximumCompactedlayerthicknessshallbe200mm

6 F 3

BSEN933-2(Off-site)

Tab6/5 Tab6/5

(ii)optimummc Clause613 - -(iii)mc Clause613 Optimum

mc-2%Optimummc

(iv)ClassRa(asphalt)content

Clause710 50%

(v)bitumencontent BSEN12697-1orBSEN12697-39

- 10%

6 F 4 Selectedgranularmaterial(finegrading)

-importedontotheSite

Capping UnboundmixturecomplyingwithBSEN13285.

Anymaterial,orcombinationofmaterials-includingrecycledaggregateswithnotmorethan50%bymassofrecycledbituminousplaningsandgranulatedasphalt,butexcludingmaterialsthatcontaintarandtar-bitumenbinders,unburntcollieryspoil,argillaceousrockandchalk.

Property(x)inthenextcolumnshallnotapplyiftheClassRa(asphalt)contentofanyrecycledaggregateis20%orless.

(i)Sizedesignationandoverallgradingcategory

BSEN13285-0/31.5andGE

Tab6/5 Tab6/5 Tab6/4Method6 6 F 4

(ii)Maximumfinesandoversizecategories

BSEN13285-UF15andOC75

Tab6/5 Tab6/5

(iii)LosAngelescoefficient

BSEN13242-LA60

- 60

(iv)Volumestabilityofblastfurnaceslag

BSEN13242-freefromdicalciumsilicateandirondisintegration

- -

Volume1

Series600SpecificationforH

ighwayW

orksEarthw

orks

Amendm

ent-Novem

ber200940

TABLE 6/1:(11/09)Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

Class General Material Description

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject to Requirements of Clause 601 and Appendix 6/1)

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (In Addition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials in Clause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Compaction Requirements in Clause 612

Class

Property (See Exceptions in Previous Column)

Defined and Tested in Accordance with:

Acceptable Limits Within:

Lower UpperSELECTEDGRANULARFILL

6 F 4 (contd) (v)Volumestabilityofsteel(BOF)andEAF)slag

BSEN13242-V5

- -

(vi)Otheraggregaterequirements

BSEN13242-CategoryNR(norequirement)

- -

(vii)Laboratorydrydensityandoptimumwatercontent

BSEN13285,clause5.3-declaredvalues

- -

(viii)Watercontent BSEN1097-5 Optimumwc--2%

Optimumwc

(ix)ClasRa(asphalt)content

Clause710 - 50%

(x)bitumencontent BSEN12697-1orBSEN12697-39

- 2.0%

Volume1

Series600SpecificationforH

ighwayW

orksEarthw

orks

Amendm

ent-Novem

ber200941

TABLE 6/1:(11/09)Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

Class General Material Description

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject to Requirements of Clause 601 and Appendix 6/1)

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (In Addition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials in Clause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Compaction Requirements in Clause 612

Class

Property (See Exceptions in Previous Column)

Defined and Tested in Accordance with:

Acceptable Limits Within:

Lower UpperSELECTEDGRANULARFILL

6 F 5 Selectedgranularmaterial(coarsegrading)

-importedontotheSite

Capping UnboundmixturecomplyingwithBSEN13285.

Anymaterial,orcombinationofmaterials-includingrecycledaggregateswithnotmorethan50%bymassofrecycledbituminousplaningsandgranulatedasphalt,butexcludingmaterialsthatcontaintarandtar-bitumenbinders,unburntcollieryspoil,argillaceousrockandchalk.

Property(x)inthenextcolumnshallnotapplyiftheClassRa(asphalt)contentofanyrecycledaggregateis20%orless.

(i)Sizedesignationandoverallgradingcategory

BSEN13285-0/80andGE

Tab6/5 Tab6/5 Tab6/4Method6 6 F 5

(ii)Maximumfinesandoversizecategories

BSEN13285-UF12andOC75

Tab6/5 Tab6/5

(iii)LosAngelescoefficient

BSEN13242-LA50

- 50

(iv)Volumestabilityofblastfurnaceslag

BSEN13242-freefromdicalciumsilicateandirondisintegration

- -

(v)Volumestabilityofsteel(BOF)andEAF)slag

BSEN13242-V5

- -

(vi)Otheraggregaterequirements

BSEN13242-CategoryNR(norequirement)

- -

(vii)Laboratorydrydensityandoptimumwatercontent

BSEN13285,clause5.3-declaredvalues

- -

(viii)Watercontent BSEN1097-5 Optimumwc--2%

Optimumwc

(ix)ClasRa(asphalt)content

Clause710 - 50%

(x)bitumencontent BSEN12697-1orBSEN12697-39

- 2.0%

Volume1

Series600SpecificationforH

ighwayW

orksEarthw

orks

Amendm

ent-Novem

ber200742

TABLE 6/1:(11/05)Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

Class General Material Description

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject to Requirements of Clause 601 and Appendix 6/1)

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (In Addition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials in Clause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Compaction Requirements in Clause 612

Class

Property (See Exceptions in Previous Column)

Defined and Tested in Accordance with:

Acceptable Limits Within:

Lower UpperSELECTEDGRANULARFILL

6 G - Selectedgranularmaterial

Gabionfilling Naturalgravel,crushedrock,crushedconcreteoranycombinationthereof.Noneoftheseconstituentsshallincludeanyargillaceousrock..

(i)grading BS1377:Part2(On-site)

Tab6/2 Tab6/2 None 6 G -

BSEN933-2(Off-site)

Tab6/5 Tab6/5

(ii)LosAngelescoefficient

Clause635 - 50

6 H - Selectedgranularmaterial

Drainagelayertoreinforcedsoilandanchoredearthstructures

Naturalgravel,naturalsand,crushedgravel,crushedrock,crushedconcrete,chalk,wellburntcollieryspoiloranycombinationthereof.Noneoftheseconstituentsshallincludeanyargillaceousrock.(Properties(vi),(vii),(viii),(ix),(x),(xi)and(xii)innextcolumnonlyapplywhenmetallicreinforcingoranchorelements,facingunitsorfasteningsareused.)(Properties(ii)and(v)innextcolumnshallnotapplytochalk.)Recycledaggregateexceptrecycledasphalt

(i)grading BS1377:Part2(On-site)

Tab6/2 Tab6/2 Tab6/4Method3 6 H -

BSEN933-2(Off-site)

Tab6/5 Tab6/5

(ii)plasticityindex BS1377:Part2 Non-plastic(iii)LosAngelescoefficient

Clause635 - 50

(iv)mc BS1377:Part2 App6/1 App6/1(v)MCV Clause632 App6/1 App6/1

(vi)pHvalue BS1377:Part3 Tab6/3 Tab6/3

(vii)chlorideioncontent

BSEN1744-1 - Tab6/3

(viii)watersoluble(WS)sulfatecontent

TRLReport447,TestsNo.1

- Tab6/3

(ix)oxidisablesulfides(OS)content

TRLReport447,TestsNos.2and4

- Tab6/3

(x)restivity Clause637 Tab6/3 -

(xi)redoxpotential Clause638 Tab6/3 -

(xii)organiccontent

BS1377:Part3 - Tab6/3

(xiii)microbialactivityindex

Table6/3 - Tab6/3

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orksTABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

6 I - Selected well Fill to reinforced Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 2 6 I -graded granular soil and anchored gravel, crushed rock, crushed concrete, (On-site)material earth structures slag, chalk, well burnt colliery spoil or any

combination thereof except that chalk BS EN 933-2 Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5shall not be combined with any other (Off-site)constituent. None of these constituentsshall include any argillaceous rock. (ii) uniformity See Note 5 10 -(Properties (i), (ii) and (v) in next column coefficientshall not apply to chalk.) (Properties (viii),(ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii) and (xiv) only (iii) SMC of chalk Clause 634 - 20%apply when metallic reinforcing or anchorelements, facing units or fastenings are (iv) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1used.) Recycled aggregate exceptrecycled asphalt (v) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1

(vi) effective angle of Clause 636 App 6/1 -friction (ϕ') andeffective cohesion (c')

(vii) coefficient of Clause 639 App 6/1 -friction and adhesion(fill/elements)

(viii) pH value BS 1377 : Part 3 Tab 6/3 Tab 6/3

(ix) chloride ion content BS EN 1744-1 - Tab 6/3

(x) water soluble TRL Report 447, - Tab 6/3(WS) sulfate content Test No. 1

(xi) oxidisable TRL Report 447, - Tab 6/3sulfides (OS) content Tests Nos. 2 and 4

(xii) resistivity Clause 637 Tab 6/3 -

(xiii) redox potential Clause 638 Tab 6/3 -

(xiv) organic content BS 1377 : Part 3 - Tab 6/3

(xv) microbial Table 6/3 - Tab 6/3activity index

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)

Lower

SELECTED

GRANULAR

FILL

Upper

43A

mendm

ent - Novem

ber 2007

CompactionRequirements inClause 612

Class

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orks

6 J - Selected uniformly Fill to reinforced Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 3 6 J -graded granular soil and anchored gravel, crushed rock, crushed concrete, (On-site)material earth slag, chalk, well burnt colliery spoil or any

combination thereof, except that chalk BS EN 933-2 Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5shall not be combined with any other (Off-site)constituent. None of these constituentsshall include any argillaceous rock. (ii) uniformity See Note 5 5 10(Properties (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii) coefficientand (xiv) in next column only apply whenmetallic reinforcing or anchor elements, (iii) SMC of chalk Clause 634 - 20%facing units or fastenings are used.)(Properties (i), (ii) and (v) in next column (iv) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1shall not apply to chalk.) Recycledaggregate except recycled asphalt (v) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1

(vi) effective angle of Clause 636 App 6/1 -friction (ϕ') andeffective cohesion (c')

(vii) coefficient of Clause 639 App 6/1 -friction and adhesion(fill/elements)

(viii) pH value BS 1377 : Part 3 Tab 6/3 Tab 6/3

(ix) chloride ion content BS EN 1744-1 - Tab 6/3

(x) water soluble (WS) TRL Report 447, - Tab 6/3sulfate content Test No. 1

(xi) oxidisable sulfides TRL Report 447, - Tab 6/3(OS) content Tests Nos 2 and 4

(xii) resistivity Clause 637 Tab 6/3 -

(xiii) redox potential Clause 638 Tab 6/3 -

(xiv) organic content BS 1377 : Part 3 - Tab 6/3

(xv) microbial Table 6/3 - Tab 6/3activity index44

Am

endment - N

ovember 2007

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)

Lower

SELECTED

GRANULAR

FILL

Upper

TABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

CompactionRequirements inClause 612

Class

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orksTABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

45A

mendm

ent - Novem

ber 2007 6 K - Selected granular Lower bedding for Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed gravel, (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 End product 90% of 6 K -material corrugated steel crushed rock, crushed concrete, well burnt (On-site) maximum dry density

buried structures colliery spoil or any combination thereof. of BS 1377 : Part 4None of these constituents shall include any BS EN 933-2 Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5 (Vibrating hammerargillaceous rock. Recycled aggregate (Off-site) method)except recycled asphalt

(ii) uniformity See Note 5 5 -coefficient

(iii) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 - 6

(iv) optimum mc BS 1377 : Part 4 - -(vibrating hammermethod)

(v) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 Optimum Optimummc -2% mc +1%

(vi) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1

(vii) Los Angeles Clause 635 - 40coefficient

(viii) resistivity Clause 637 2000 ohm -cm

(ix) water soluble (WS) TRL Report 447, - 300 mg/lsulfate content Test No. 1 as SO4

(x) oxidisable sulfides TRL Report 447, - 0.06% as(OS) content Tests Nos 2 and 4 SO4

(xi) chloride ion BS EN 1744-1 - 0.025%content

(xii) pH value BS 1377 : Part 3 6 9

(xiii) sulfide and Standard textbook - Rapidhydrogen sulfide of qualitative blackening

inorganic analysis of leadacetatepaper

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)

Lower

SELECTED

GRANULAR

FILL

Upper

CompactionRequirements inClause 612

Class

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orksTABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

46

6 L - Selected uniformly Upper bedding for Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed gravel, (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 None 6 L -graded granular corrugated steel crushed rock, crushed concrete, well burnt (On-site)material buried structures colliery spoil or any combination thereof.

None of these constituents shall include any BS EN 933-2 Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5argillaceous rock. Recycled aggregate (Off-site)except recycled asphalt

(ii) resistivity Clause 637 2000 ohm -cm

(iii) water soluble TRL Report 447, - 300 mg/l(WS) sulfate content Test No. 1 as SO4

(iv) oxidisable TRL Report 447, - 0.06% assulfides (OS) content Tests Nos. 2 and 4 SO4

(v) chloride ion BS EN 1744-1 - 0.025%content

(vi) pH value BS 1377 : Part 3 6 9

(vii) sulfide and Standard textbook - Rapidhydrogen sulfide of qualitative blackening

inorganic analysis of leadacetatepaper

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)

Lower

SELECTED

GRANULAR

Upper

FILL

Am

endment - N

ovember 2007

CompactionRequirements inClause 612

Class

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orksTABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

47A

mendm

ent - Novem

ber 2007

6 M - Selected granular Surround to Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed gravel, (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 End product 90% of 6 M -material corrugated steel crushed rock, crushed concrete, well burnt (On-site) maximum dry density

buried structures colliery spoil or any combination thereof. of BS 1377 : Part 4None of these constituents shall include any BS EN 933-2 Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5 (Vibrating hammerargillaceous rock. Recycled aggregate (Off-site) method) unlessexcept recycled asphalt otherwsie stated in

(ii) uniformity See Note 5 5 - App 6/1coefficient

(iii) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 - 6

(iv) optimum mc BS 1377 : Part 4 - -(vibrating hammermethod)

(v) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 Optimum Optimummc -2% mc +1%

(vi) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1

(vii) Los Angeles Clause 635 - 40coefficient

(viii) resistivity Clause 637 2000 ohm -cm

(ix) water soluble (WS) TRL Report 447 - 300 mg/lsulfate content Test No. 1 as SO4

(x) oxidisable sulfides TRL Report 447 - 0.06% as(OS) content Tests Nos. 2 and 4 SO4

(xi) chloride ion BS EN 1744-1 - 0.025%content

(xii) pH value BS 1377 : Part 3 6 9

(xiii) sulfide and Standard textbook - Rapidhydrogen sulfide of qualitative blackening

inorganic analysis of leadacetatepaper

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)

Lower

SELECTED

GRANULAR

FILL

Upper

CompactionRequirements inClause 612

Class

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orks48

6 N - Selected well graded Fill to structures Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed gravel, (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 End product 95% of 6 N -granular material crushed rock, crushed concrete, slag, well (On-site) maximum dry density of

burnt colliery spoil or any combination BS 1377 : Part 4thereof. None of these constituents shall BS EN 933-2 Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5 (vibrating hammerinclude any argillaceous rock. Recycled (Off-site) method)aggregate except recycled asphalt

(ii) uniformity See Note 5 10 -coefficient

(iii) Los Angeles Clause 635 - 40coefficient

(iv) undrained shear Clause 633 App 6/1 -parameters (c and ϕ)

(v) effective angle of Clause 636 App 6/1 -internal friction (ϕ')and effectivecohesion (c')

(vi) permeability Clause 640 App 6/1 -

(vii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1

(viii) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1

(ix) slope stability Clause 610 App 6/6test (where requiredin App 6/6)

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)

Lower

SELECTED

GRANULAR

FILL

TABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

Am

endment - N

ovember 2007 Upper

CompactionRequirements inClause 612

Class

Volume 1

Series 600 Specification for H

ighway W

orks Earthw

orks

Am

endment - N

ovember 2007

49

TABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

Class General Material Description

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject to Requirements of Clause 601 and Appendix 6/1)

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (In Addition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials in Clause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Compaction Requirements in Clause 612

Class

Property (See Exceptions in Previous Column)

Defined and Tested in Accordance with:

Acceptable Limits Within:

Lower Upper

S E L E C T E D G R A N U L A R F I L L

6 P - Selected granular material

Fill to structures

Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed gravel, crushed rock, crushed concrete, slag, chalk, well burnt colliery spoil or any combination thereof. None of these constituents shall include any argillaceous rock. (Properties (i), (ii) and (ix) in next column shall not apply to chalk.) Recycled aggregate except recycled asphalt

(i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 (On-site)

Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 End product 95% of maximum dry density of BS 1377 : Part 4 (vibrating hammer method)

6 P -

BS EN 933-2 (Off-site)

Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5

(ii) uniformity coefficient

See Note 5 5 -

(iii) IDD of chalk Clause 634 - App 6/1(iv) Los Angeles coefficient

Clause 635 - 60

(v) undrained shear parameters (c and j)

Clause 633 App 6/1 -

(vi) effective angle of internal friction (j’) and effective cohesion (c’)

Clause 636 App 6/1 -

(vii) permeability Clause 640 App 6/1 -

(viii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1

(ix) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1

(x) slope stability test (where required in App 6/6)

Clause 610 App 6/6

Volume 1

Series 600 Specification for H

ighway W

orks Earthw

orks

Am

endment - N

ovember 2008

50

TABLE 6/1: (11/08) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

Class General Material Description

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject to Requirements of Clause 601 and Appendix 6/1)

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (In Addition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials in Clause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Compaction Requirements in Clause 612

Class

Property (See Exceptions in Previous Column)

Defined and Tested in Accordance with:

Acceptable Limits Within:

Lower Upper S E L E C T E D G R A N U L A R F I L L

6 Q - Well graded uniformly graded or coarse granular material

Overlying fill for corrugated steel buried structures

As Class 1A, 1B or 1C granular fill materials, but not to include argillaceous rock, slag or PFA in any proportions. Recycled aggregate except recycled asphalt

As for Class 1A, 1B or 1C with the addition of the following:

6 Q -

(i) water soluble (WS) sulfate content

TRL Report 447, Test No. 1

- 300 mg/l as SO4

(ii) oxidisable sulfides (OS) content

TRL Report 447, Tests Nos. 2 and 4

- 0.06% as SO4

(iii) chloride ion content

BS EN 1744-1 - 0.025%

(iv) pH value BS 1377 : Part 3 6 9

(v) sulfide and hydrogen sulfide

Standard textbook of qualitative inorganic analysis

- Rapid blackening of lead acetate paper

6 R - Selected granular material

For stabilisation with lime and cement to form capping (Class 9F)

Any material, or combination of materials, other than unburnt colliery spoil and argillaceous rock. (Properties (i), (ii) and (iii) in text column, shall not apply to chalk.)

(i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 (On-site)

Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Not applicable 6 R -

BS EN 933-2 (Off-site)

Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5

(ii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 -

(iii) liquid limit BS 1377 : Part 2 - 45

(iv) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 - 20

(v) organic matter BS 1377 : Part 3 - App 6/1

(vi) water soluble (WS) sulfate content

TRL Report 447, Test No. 1

- 3000 mg/l as SO4

(vii) oxidisable sulfides (OS) content

TRL Report 447, Tests Nos. 2 and 4

- 0.6% as SO4

(viii) IDD of chalk Clause 634 - App 6/1

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orksTABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

6 S - Selected well graded Filter layer below Crushed rock or sand (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 - 6 S -granular material subbase (On-site)

BS EN 933-2 Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5(Off-site)

(ii) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 - Non-plastic

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)

Lower Upper

CompactionRequirements inClause 612

Class

51A

mendm

ent - Novem

ber 2007

Class

SELECTED

GRANULAR

FILL

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orks52

TABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

7 A - Selected cohesive Fill to structures Any material or combination of materials, (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 End product: 100% of 7 A -material other than argillaceous rock and materials maximum dry density of

designated as Class 3 in the Contract. If chalk (ii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1 BS 1377 : Part 4 (2.5 kgis used it shall form 100% of constituents. rammer method) or a(Properties (i) and (iii) shall not apply to (iii) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1 dry density correspondingchalk.) (Properties (vii) and (viii) may be to 5% air voids at field mcincreased to 54% and 31% respectively for (iv) undrained shear Clause 633 App 6/1 App 6/1 whichever is lowerLias Clay only and subject to the parameters (c and ϕ)requirements of Appendix 6/6)

(v) effective angle of Clause 636 App 6/1 App 6/1internal friction (ϕ')and effectivecohesion (c')

(vi) IDD of chalk Clause 634 App 6/1 App 6/1

(vii) liquid limit BS 1377 : Part 2 - 45

(viii) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 - 25

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)

Lower Upper

CompactionRequirements inClause 612

Class

SELECTED

COHESIVE

FILL

Am

endment - N

ovember 2007

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orks53

TABLE 6/1: Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

7 B - Selected conditioned Fill to structures and Conditioned material direct from power (i) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 To enable compaction End product: 95% of 7 B -pulverised fuel ash to reinforced soil station dust collection system and to which a to Clause 612 maximum dry density ofcohesive material controlled quantity of water has been added BS 1377 : Part 4 (2.5 kg

(ii) bulk density BS 1377 : Part 9 App 6/1 App 6/1 rammer method)

(iii) undrained shear Clause 633 App 6/1 -parameters (c and ϕ)

(iv) effective angle of Clause 636 App 6/1 -internal friction (ϕ')and effectivecohesion (c')

(v) coefficient of Clause 639 App 6/1 -friction and adhesiion(fill/elements)

(vi) permeability Clause 640 App 6/1 -

(vii) slope stability Clause 610 App 6/6test (where requiredin App 6/6)

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)

Lower

SELECTED

COHESIVE

FILL

Upper

CompactionRequirements inClause 612

Class

Am

endment - N

ovember 2007

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orks54

TABLE 6/1: (05/04) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

7 C - Selected wet Fill to reinforced Any material, or combination of materials, (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 1 7 C -cohesive material soil other than unburnt colliery spoil,

argillaceous rock and chalk. (Properties (viii), (ii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1(ix), (x), (xi) and (xii) in next column onlyapply when metallic reinforcing elements, (iii) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1facing units or fastenings are used)

(iv) effective angle of Clause 636 App 6/1 -internal friction (ϕ')and effectivecohesion (c')

(v) coefficient of Clause 639 App 6/1 -friction and adhesiion(fill/elements)

(vi) liquid limit BS 1377 : Part 2 - 45

(vii) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 - 25

(viii) pH value BS 1377 : Part 3 Tab 6/3 Tab 6/3

(ix) chloride ion BS EN 1744-1 - Tab 6/3content

(x) water soluble TRL Report 447, - Tab 6/3(WS) sulfate content Test No. 1

(xi) oxidisable TRL Report 447, - Tab 6/3sulfides (OS) content Tests Nos. 2 and 4

(xii) resistivity Clause 637 Tab 6/3 -

(xiii) redox potential Clause 638 Tab 6/3 -

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)

Lower

SELECTED

COHESIVE

FILL

Upper

CompactionRequirements inClause 612

Class

Am

endment - N

ovember 2007

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orks55

TABLE 6/1: (05/04) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

7 D - Selected stony Fill to reinforced Any material, or combination of materials, (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 2 7 D -cohesive material soil other than unburnt colliery spoil,

argillaceous rock and chalk. (Properties (vi), (ii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1(vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi) and (xii) in nextcolumn only apply when metallic reinforcing (iii) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1elements, facing units or fastenings are used)

(iv) effective angle of Clause 636 App 6/1 -internal friction (ϕ')and effectivecohesion (c')

(v) coefficient of Clause 639 App 6/1 -friction and adhesiion(fill/elements)

(vi) liquid limit BS 1377 : Part 2 - 45

(vii) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 - 25

(viii) pH value BS 1377 : Part 3 Tab 6/3 Tab 6/3

(ix) chloride ion BS EN 1744-1 - Tab 6/3content

(x) water soluble TRL Report 447, - Tab 6/3(WS) sulfate content Test No. 1

(xi) oxidisable TRL Report 447, - Tab 6/3sulfides (OS) content Tests Nos. 2 and 4

(xii) resistivity Clause 637 Tab 6/3 -

(xiii) redox potential Clause 638 Tab 6/3 -

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)

Lower

SELECTED

COHESIVE

FILL

Upper

CompactionRequirements inClause 612

Class

Am

endment - N

ovember 2007

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orks56

TABLE 6/1: (11/03) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

SELECTED

COHESIVE

FILL

Am

endment - N

ovember 2007 7 E - Selected cohesive For stabilisation with Any material, or combination of materials, (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Not applicable 7 D -material lime to form capping other than unburnt colliery spoil

(Class 9D) (ii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 - App 6/1

(iii) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 -

(iv) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 10 -

(v) organic matter BS 1377 : Part 3 - App 6/1

(vi) water soluble (WS) TRL Report 447, - App 6/1sulfate content Test No. 1

(vii) oxidisable sulfides TRL Report 447, - App 6/1(OS) content Tests Nos. 2 and 4

(viii) total potential TRL Report 447, - App 6/1sulfate (TPS) content Test No. 4

7 F - Selected silty For stabilisation with Any material, or combination of materials, (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Not applicable 7 F -cohesive material cement to form other than chalk, unburnt colliery spoil

capping (Class 9B) and argillaceous rock (ii) uniformity coefficient See Note 5 5 -

(iii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1

(iv) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1

(v) liquid limit BS 1377 : Part 2 - 45

(vi) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 - 20

(vii) organic matter BS 1377 : Part 3 - App 6/1

(viii) water soluble (WS) TRL Report 447, - App 6/1sulfate content Test No. 1

(ix) oxidisable sulfides TRL Report 447, - App 6/1(OS) content Tests Nos. 2 and 4

(x) total potential TRL Report 447, - App 6/1sulfate (TPS) content Test No. 4

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)

Lower Upper

CompactionRequirements inClause 612

Class

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orks57

TABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

App 6/1

3000mg/l asSO4

0.6%as SO4

1.2% asSO4

300 mg/las SO4

0.06%as SO4

0.025%

9

BS 1377 : Part 2

TRL Report 447,Test No. 1

TRL Report 447,Tests Nos. 2 and 4

TRL Report 447,Test No. 4

TRL Report 447,Test No. 1

TRL Report 447,Tests Nos. 2 and 4

BS EN 1744-1

BS 1377 : Part 3

App 6/1

-

-

-

-

-

-

6

(i) mc

(ii) water soluble(WS) sulfatecontent

(iii) oxidisablesulfides (OS)content

(iv) total potentialsulfate (TPS)content

(i) water soluble(WS) sulfatecontent

(ii) oxidisablesulfides (OS)content

(iii) chloride ioncontent

(iv) pH value

7 G - Selectedconditionedpulverised fuel ashcohesive material

For stabilisationwith cement toform capping(Class 9C)

Conditioned material direct from powerstation dust collection system and towhich a controlled quantity of water hasbeen added

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject toRequirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (Seeexceptions inPrevious Column)

Lower Upper

SELECTED

COHESIVE

FILL

Not applicable

Class

7 G -

CompactionRequirements inClause 612

Am

endment - N

ovember 2007

As for Class 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D or 3 with the addition of the 7 H -following

As Class 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D generalcohesive fill material or Class 3 chalkfill material, except that argillaceousrock, slag, PFA or any combinationthereof shall not be used

Overlying fill forcorrugated steelburied structures

7 H - Wet, dry, stony orsilty cohesivematerial and chalk

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orks58A

mendm

ent - Novem

ber 2007

Tab 6/2

App 6/1

-

-

App 6/1

App 6/1

App 6/1

App 6/1

BS 1377 : Part 2

BS 1377 : Part 2

Clause 632

BS 1377 : Part 2

BS 1377 : Part 3

TRL Report 447,Test No. 1

TRL Report 447,Tests Nos. 2 and 4

TRL Report 447,Test No. 4

Tab 6/2

-

App 6/1

10

-

-

-

-

(i) grading

(ii) mc

(iii) MCV

(iv) plasticityindex

(v) organic matter

(vi) water soluble(WS) sulfatecontent

(vii) oxidisablesulfides (OS)content

(viii) total potentialsulfate (TPS)content

7 I - Selected cohesivematerial

For stabilisationwith lime andcement to formcapping (Class 9E)

Any material, or combination ofmaterials, other than unburnt collieryspoil

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject toRequirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (Seeexceptions inPrevious Column)

Lower Upper

SELECTED

COHESIVE

FILL

Not applicable

Class

7 I

CompactionRequirements inClause 612

TABLE 6/1: (11/03) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orks

-

-

-

-

-

59

TABLE 6/1: Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

BS 1377 : Part 2

Clause 632

BS 1924 : Part 2

BS 1924 : Part 2

BS 1924 : Part 2

BS 1924 : Part 2

Clause 632

BS 1924 : Part 2

BS 1924 : Part 2

BS 1924 : Part 2

BS 1924 : Part 2

BS 1924 : Part 2

BS 1924 : Part 2

Clause 632

BS 1924 : Part 2

BS 1924: Part 2

App 6/1

App 6/1

60%

App 6/1

App 6/1

App 6/1

App 6/1

App 6/1

App 6/1

60%

App 6/1

30%

App 6/1

App 6/1

App 6/1

(i) mc

(ii) MCV

(i) pulverisation

(ii) bearing ratio

(iii) mc

(i) pulverisation

(ii) MCVimmediatelybefore compaction

(iii) bearing ratio

(iv) mc

(i) pulverisation

(ii) bearing ratio

(iii) mc

(i) pulverisation

(ii) MCVimmediatelybefore compaction

(iii) bearing ratio

(iv) mc

8

9

9

9

9

-

A

B

C

D

-

-

-

-

-

Class 1, Class 2 orClass 3 material

Cement stabilisedwell gradedgranular material

Cement stabilisedsilty cohesivematerial

Cement stabilisedconditionedpulverised fuel ashcohesive material

Lime stabilisedcohesive material

Lower trench fill

Capping

Capping

Capping

Capping

Any; except there shall not be anystones or lumps of clay >40 mmnominal diameter. Recycled aggregate

Class 6E with addition of cementaccording to Clause 614

Class 7F with addition of cementaccording to Clause 614

Class 7G with addition of cementaccording to Clause 614

Class 7E with addition of limeaccording to Clause 615

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject toRequirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (Seeexceptions inPrevious Column)

Lower

MISC

STABILISED

MATERIALS

FILL

To enable compactionto Clause 612

App 6/1

App 6/1

-

-

App 6/1

-

12

-

App 6/1

-

-

-

App 6/1

-

App 6/1

Upper

Tab 6/4

Tab 6/4 Method 6

Tab 6/4 Method 7

End product 95% ofmaximum dry density ofBS 1924 : Part 2 (2.5 kgrammer method)

Tab 6/4 Method 7

Class

8

9

9

9

9

-

A

B

C

D

CompactionRequirements inClause 612

Am

endment - N

ovember 2007

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orks60

TABLE 6/1: (11/04) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)

9 E - Lime and cement Capping Class 7I with addition of lime and (i) pulverisation BS 1924 : Part 2 30% - Tab 6/4 Method 7 9 E -stabilised cohesive cement according to Clause 643material (ii) MCV immediately Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1

before completion

(iii) bearing ratio BS 1924 : Part 2 App 6/1 -

(iv) mc BS 1924 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1

9 F - Lime and cement Capping Class 6R with addition of lime and (i) pulverisation BS 1924 : Part 2 60% - Tab 6/4 Method 6 9 F -stabilised well cement according to Clause 643graded granular (ii) bearing ratio BS 1924 : Part 2 App 6/1 -material

(iii) mc BS 1924 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1

Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)

Class GeneralMaterialDescription

Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)

Acceptable LimitsWithin:

Defined andTested inAccordancewith:

Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)

Lower Upper

STABILISED

ClassCompactionRequirements inClause 612

MATERIALS

Footnotes to Table 6/1

1. App = Appendix2. Tab = Table3. Where in the Acceptable Limits column reference is made to App 6/1,

only those properties having limits ascribed to them in Appendix 6/1shall apply. Where Appendix 6/1 gives limits for other properties notlisted in this Table such limits shall also apply.

4. (05/04) Where BS 1377 : Part 2 is specified for mc, this shall mean BS 1377 : Part 2or BS EN 1097-5 as appropriate.

5. Uniformity coefficient is defined as the ratio of the particle diameters D60 to D10 onthe particle-size distribution curve, where:D60 = particle diameter at which 60% of the soil by weight is finerD10 = particle diameter at which 10% of the soil by weight is finer

6. (11/04) The limiting values for Class U1B material are given in Appendix 6/14 andAppendix 6/15.

Am

endment - N

ovember 2007

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orks61

TABLE 6/2: (05/04) Grading Requirements for Acceptable Earthworks Materials Other Than Classes 6F4, 6F5 and 6SPercentage by Mass Passing the Size Shown

Class Size Size(mm) Size (microns) Size Class(mm) BS Series BS Series (micr-

ons)

500 300 125 90 75 37.5 28 20 14 10 6.3 5 3.35 2 1.18 600 300 150 63 2

1A 100 95-100 <15 1A

1B 100 <15 1B

1C 100 10-95 0-25 <15 1C

2A & 100 80-100 15-100 2A &2B 2B

2C 100 15-80 15-80 2C

2D 100 80-100 0-20 2D

6A 100 0-100 0-85 0-45 0-5 6A

6B 100 0-10 6B

6C 100 0-100 0-100 0-35 0-10 0-2 6C

6D 100 89-100 60-100 30-100 15-80 5-48 0-15 6Dexcept0-20for

crushedrock

6E & 100 85-100 25-100 10-100 <15 6E &6R 2R

6F1 100 75-100 40-95 30-85 10-50 <15 6F1

6F2 100 80-100 65-100 45-100 15-60 10-45 0-25 0-12 6F2

6F3 100 80-100 65-100 45-100 15-60 10-45 0-25 0-12 6F3

6H 100 60-100 15-45 0-25 0-5 6H

6I & 100 85-100 25-100 15-100 9-100 <15 6I &6J 6J

6K 100 0-10 6K

6L 100 89-100 60-100 30-100 15-100 5-70 0-15 6Lexcept0-20for

crushedrock

Am

endment - N

ovember 2007

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orks62

Percentage by Mass Passing the Size Shown

Class Size Size(mm) Size (microns) Size Class(mm) BS Series BS Series (micr-

ons)

500 300 125 90 75 37.5 28 20 14 10 6.3 5 3.35 2 1.18 600 300 150 63 2

6M 100 0-10 6M

6N & 100 <15 6N &6P 6P

6S 100 60-100 30-90 4-45 0-16 6S

7A 100 15-100 7A

7C 100 85-100 83-100 80-100 60-100 15-45 0-20 7C

7D 100 85-100 40-90 15-79 15-75 15-45 0-20 7D

7E 100 95-100 15-100 7E

7F 100 15-100 7F

7I 100 95-100 15-100 7I

TABLE 6/2: (11/05) Grading Requirements for Acceptable Earthworks Materials (continued)

Am

endment - N

ovember 2007

Volume 1Specification for Highway Works

Series 600Earthworks

63

TABLE 6/3: (11/05) Limits of Material Properties of Fill for Use With Metal Components in Reinforced Soiland Anchored Earth Structures for Class 6H, 6I, 6J, 7C and 7D Materials

Reinforcing Properties of FillElement Max Max Organic Max Water Maximum Minimum Minimum MicrobialMaterial pH Value Chloride Content Soluble (WS) Oxidisable Resistivity Redox Activity

Ion Content Sulfate Sulfides Ohm.cm Potential Index% Content (OS) volts

Min Max % mg/l as SO4 Content% as SO4

Galvanised 5 10 0.02 0.2 300 0.06 5000 0.40 )Steel )

) Less than 5Stainless 5 10 0.025 0.2 600 0.12 3000 0.35 )Steel )

NOTES:

1 A method of calculating the Microbial ActivityIndex may be obtained by reference to TRRLContractor Report 54 ‘Soil Corrosivity Assessment’.

2 (11/03) The corrosion potential of frictional fill shallbe assessed from resistivity, pH, chloride, water solublesulfate and oxidisable sulfides tests. For cohesive soil itwill be necessary to test additionally for organiccontent. Should either organic content or sulfate be inexcess of the specified levels, then tests shall also beincluded for Redox Potential and Microbial ActivityIndex. Further information may be obtained byreference to TRRL Contractor Report 54.

3 (11/03) The water soluble sulfate content andoxidisable sulfides content shall be determined inaccordance with the methods described inTRL Report 447, Tests Nos. 1, 2 and 4.

4 (11/03) Methods of test (except for MicrobialActivity Index, water soluble sulfate content andoxidisable sulfides content) are given inBS 1377 : Part 3.

Amendment - November 2007

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orks64

Type of Compaction Plant Ref Category Method 1 Method 2 Method 3 Method 4 Method 5 Method 6No.

D N# D N# D N# D N D N N for N for N forD = 110 mm D = 150 mm D = 250 mm

Smoothed wheeled roller (or Mass per metre width of roll:vibratory roller operating 1 over 2100 kg up to 2700 kg 125 8 125 10 125 10* 175 4 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitablewithout vibration) 2 over 2700 kg up to 5400 kg 125 6 125 8 125 8* 200 4 unsuitable 16 unsuitable unsuitable

3 over 5400 kg 150 4 150 8 unsuitable 300 4 unsuitable 8 16 unsuitable

Grid roller Mass per metre width of roll:1 over 2700 kg up to 5400 kg 150 10 unsuitable 150 10 250 4 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable2 over 5400 kg up to 8000 kg 150 8 125 12 unsuitable 325 4 unsuitable 20 unsuitable unsuitable3 over 8000 kg 150 4 150 12 unsuitable 400 4 unsuitable 12 20 unsuitable

Deadweight tamping Mass per metre width of roll:roller 1 over 4000 kg up to 6000 kg 225 4 150 12 250 4 350 4 unsuitable 12 20 unsuitable

2 over 6000 kg 300 5 200 12 300 3 400 4 unsuitable 8 12 20

Pneumatic-tyred Mass per wheel:roller 1 over 1000 kg up to 1500 kg 125 6 unsuitable 150 10* 240 4 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable

2 over 1500 kg up to 2000 kg 150 5 unsuitable unsuitable 300 4 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable3 over 2000 kg up to 2500 kg 175 4 125 12 unsuitable 350 4 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable4 over 2500 kg up to 4000 kg 225 4 125 10 unsuitable 400 4 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable5 over 4000 kg up to 6000 kg 300 4 125 10 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable 12 unsuitable unsuitable6 over 6000 kg up to 8000 kg 350 4 150 8 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable 12 unsuitable unsuitable7 over 8000 kg up to 12000 kg 400 4 150 8 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable 10 16 unsuitable8 over 12000 kg 450 4 175 6 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable 8 12 unsuitable

Vibratory tamping Mass per metre width of aroller vibrating roll:

1 over 700 kg up to 1300 kg 100 12 100 12 150 12 100 10 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable2 over 1300 kg up to 1800 kg 125 12 125 12 175 12* 175 8 unsuitable 12 unsuitable unsuitable3 over 1800 kg up to 2300 kg 150 12 150 12 200 12* unsuitable unsuitable 8 12 unsuitable4 over 2300 kg up to 2900 kg 150 9 150 9 250 12* unsuitable 400 5 6 10 unsuitable5 over 2900 kg up to 3600 kg 200 9 200 9 275 12* unsuitable 500 6 6 10 unsuitable6 over 3600 kg up to 4300 kg 225 9 225 9 300 12* unsuitable 600 6 4 8 unsuitable7 over 4300 kg up to 5000 kg 250 9 250 9 300 9* unsuitable 700 6 3 7 128 over 5000 kg 275 9 275 9 300 7* unsuitable 800 6 3 6 10

TABLE 6/4: Method Compaction for Earthworks Materials: Plant and Methods (Method 1 to Method 6)(This Table is to be read in conjunction with sub-Clause 612.10)

Am

endment - N

ovember 2007

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orks65

Type of Compaction Ref Category Method 1 Method 2 Method 3 Method 4 Method 5 Method 6Plant No.

D N# D N# D N# D N D N N for N for N forD = 110 mm D = 150 mm D = 250 mm

Vibratory roller Mass per metre width of avibratory roll:

1 over 270 kg up to 450 kg unsuitable 75 16 150 16 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable2 over 450 kg up to 700 kg unsuitable 75 12 150 12 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable3 over 700 kg up to 1300 kg 100 12 125 10 150 6 125 10 unsuitable 16 unsuitable unsuitable4 over 1300 kg up to 1800 kg 125 8 150 8 200 10* 175 4 unsuitable 6 16 unsuitable5 over 1800 kg up to 2300 kg 150 4 150 4 225 12* unsuitable unsuitable 4 6 126 over 2300 kg up to 2900 kg 175 4 175 4 250 10* unsuitable 400 5 3 5 117 over 2900 kg up to 3600 kg 200 4 200 4 275 8* unsuitable 500 5 3 5 108 over 3600 kg up to 4300 kg 225 4 225 4 300 8* unsuitable 600 5 2 4 89 over 4300 kg up to 5000 kg 250 4 250 4 300 6* unsuitable 700 5 2 4 7

10 over 5000 kg 275 4 275 4 300 4* unsuitable 800 5 2 3 6

Vibrating plate Mass per m2 of base plate:compactor 1 over 880 kg up to 1100 kg unsuitable unsuitable 75 6 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable

2 over 1100 kg up to 1200 kg unsuitable 75 10 100 6 75 10 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable3 over 1200 kg up to 1400 kg unsuitable 75 6 150 6 150 8 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable4 over 1400 kg up to 1800 kg 100 6 125 6 150 4 unsuitable unsuitable 8 unsuitable unsuitable5 over 1800 kg up to 2100 kg 150 6 150 5 200 4 unsuitable unsuitable 5 8 unsuitable6 over 2100 kg 200 6 200 5 250 4 unsuitable unsuitable 3 6 12

Vibro-tamper Mass:1 over 50 kg up to 65 kg 100 3 100 3 150 3 125 3 unsuitable 4 8 unsuitable2 over 65 kg up to 75 kg 125 3 125 3 200 3 150 3 unsuitable 3 6 123 over 75 kg up to 100 kg 150 3 150 3 225 3 175 3 unsuitable 2 4 104 over 100 kg 225 3 200 3 225 3 250 3 unsuitable 2 4 10

Power rammer Mass:1 100 kg up to 500 kg 150 4 150 6 unsuitable 200 4 unsuitable 5 8 unsuitable2 over 500 kg 275 8 275 12 unsuitable 400 4 unsuitable 5 8 14

Dropping-weight Mass of rammer over 500 kgcompactor weight drop:

1 over 1 m up to 2 m 600 4 600 8 450 8 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable2 over 2 m 600 2 600 8 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable

TABLE 6/4: Method Compaction for Earthworks Materials: plant and Methods (Method 1 to Method 6)(This Table is to be read in conjunction with sub-Clause 612.10)

Am

endment - N

ovember 2007

Volume 1Specification for Highway Works

Series 600Earthworks

66

TABLE 6/4: Method Compaction for Earthworks Materials: Plant and Methods (Method 7)(This Table is to be read in conjunction with sub-Clause 612.10)

Type of Compaction Plant Ref Category Method 7No.

Smooth wheeled roller Mass per metre width of roll:(or vibratory roller 1 over 2100 kg up to 2700 kg unsuitable unsuitableoperating without 2 over 2700 kg up to 5400 kg unsuitable unsuitablevibration) 3 over 5400 kg 12 unsuitable

Grid roller Mass per metre width of roll:1 over 2700 kg up to 5400 kg unsuitable unsuitable2 over 5400 kg up to 8000 kg 16 unsuitable3 over 8000 kg 8 unsuitable

Deadweight tamping roller Mass per metre width of roll:1 over 4000 kg up to 6000 kg 4 82 over 6000 kg 3 6

Pneumatic-tyred roller Mass per wheel:1 over 1000 kg up to 1500 kg unsuitable unsuitable2 over 1500 kg up to 2000 kg 12 unsuitable3 over 2000 kg up to 2500 kg 6 unsuitable4 over 2500 kg up to 4000 kg 5 unsuitable5 over 4000 kg up to 6000 kg 4 166 over 6000 kg up to 8000 kg unsuitable 87 over 8000 kg up to 12000 kg unsuitable 48 over 12000 kg unsuitable 4

Vibratory tamping roller Mass per metre width of vibrating roll:1 over 700 kg up to 1300 kg unsuitable unsuitable2 over 1300 kg up to 1800 kg unsuitable unsuitable3 over 1800 kg up to 2300 kg 16 unsuitable4 over 2300 kg up to 2900 kg 12 unsuitable5 over 2900 kg up to 3600 kg 10 unsuitable6 over 3600 kg up to 4300 kg 8 167 over 4300 kg up to 5000 kg 7 148 over 5000 kg 6 12

Vibratory roller Mass per metre width of vibrating roll:1 over 270 kg up to 450 kg unsuitable unsuitable2 over 450 kg up to 700 kg unsuitable unsuitable3 over 700 kg up to 1300 kg unsuitable unsuitable4 over 1300 kg up to 1800 kg unsuitable unsuitable5 over 1800 kg up to 2300 kg 12 unsuitable6 over 2300 kg up to 2900 kg 10 unsuitable7 over 2900 kg up to 3600 kg 10 unsuitable8 over 3600 kg up to 4300 kg 8 unsuitable9 over 4300 kg up to 5000 kg 8 unsuitable10 over 5000 kg 6 12

Vibratory plate compactor Mass per m2 of base plate:1 over 880 kg up to 1100 kg unsuitable unsuitable2 over 1100 kg up to 1200 kg unsuitable unsuitable3 over 1200 kg up to 1400 kg unsuitable unsuitable4 over 1400 kg up to 1800 kg 10 unsuitable5 over 1800 kg up to 2100 kg 8 unsuitable6 over 2100 kg 6 unsuitable

Vibro-tamper Mass:1 over 50 kg up to 65 kg unsuitable unsuitable2 over 65 kg up to 75 kg unsuitable unsuitable3 over 75 kg up to 100 kg unsuitable unsuitable4 over 100 kg 8 unsuitable

Power rammer Mass:1 100 kg up to 500 kg 8 unsuitable2 over 500 kg 6 10

Dropping weight compactor Mass of rammer over 500 kgheight drop:

1 over 1 m up to 2 m unsuitable unsuitable2 over 2 m unsuitable unsuitable

N for N for D = 150 mm D = 250 mm

Amendment - November 2007

Volume 1

Specification for Highw

ay Works

Series 600Earthw

orks67A

mendm

ent - Novem

ber 2007

TABLE 6/5: (11/05) Off-Site Grading Requirements for Class 6 Acceptable Earthworks Materials

Percentage by Mass Passing the Size Shown

Class Size Size(mm) Size (microns) Class(mm) BS EN 933-2 Series BS EN 933-2 Series

500 300 125 80 63 40 31.5 20 16 10 8 6.3 4 2 1 500 250 125 63 0

6A 100 0-100 0-85 0-45 0-5 6A

6B 100 0-10 6B

6C 100 0-100 0-100 0-35 0-10 0-2 6C

6D 100 85-100 60-100 30-100 15-80 5-48 0-15 6Dexcept0-20for

crushedrock

6E & 100 85-100 25-100 10-100 <15 6E &6R 2R

6F3 100 75-99 50-90 30-75 15-60 0-35 0-12 6F3

6F4 100 75-99 50-90 30-75 15-60 0-35 <15 6F4

6F5 100 75-99 50-90 30-75 15-60 0-35 0-12 6F5

6H 100 60-100 15-45 0-25 0-5 6H

6I & 100 85-100 25-100 15-100 9-100 <15 6I &6J 6J

6K 100 0-10 6K

6L 100 85-100 60-100 30-100 15-100 5-70 0-15 6Lexcept0-20for

crushedrock

6M 100 0-10 6M

6N & 100 <15 6N &6P 6P

6S 100 60-100 30-90 8-45 0-16 6S

Volume 1Specification for Highway Works

Series 600Earthworks

TABLE 6/6 : (05/04) Records and Reports - Information Required

Ground Treatment In situ TestingFor each column/area treated: For each area tested:

Date DateContract title Contract TitleArea identification Area identificationUnique grid location Test position, co-ordinates and levelGround level at commencement Method of test usedMaterial used All information required by appropriate BritishApproximate column diameter Standard test procedureDepth of penetration of each compaction pointVibrator power consumption during operationJetting pressure (where applicable)Duration of penetrationDuration of compactionObstructions and delaysNumber and type of tests carried out

68FAmendment - November 2007

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

Amendment-November2009 S1

NATIONAL ALTERATIONS OF THE OVERSEEING ORGANISATION OF SCOTLAND

#601TS (11/06) Classification, Definitions and Uses of Earthworks Materials

General Classification

1 Earthworksmaterialsshallfallintooneorotherofthefollowinggeneralclassifications:

(i) acceptablematerial:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSiteorimportedontotheSitewhichmeetstherequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1foracceptabilityforuseinthePermanentWorks;

(ii) unacceptablematerialClassU1Aasdefinedinsub-Clauses2(i)(a)and2(i)(b)ofthisClause:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSitewhich,unlessprocessedsothatitmeetstherequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1,shallnotbeusedinthePermanentWorks;

(iii) unacceptablematerialClassU1Basdefinedinsub-Clause2(ii)(a)ofthisClause:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSitewhich,unlessprocessedsothatitmeetstherequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1,shallnotbeusedinthePermanentWorks;and

(iv) unacceptablematerialClassU2asdefinedinsub-Clause3(i)ofthisClause:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSitewhichshallnotbeusedinthePermanentWorks.

Unacceptable Materials

2 UnacceptablematerialClassesU1AandU1B:

(i) unacceptablematerialClassU1Ashallbe:

(a) materialwhichdoesnotcomplywiththepermittedconstituentsandmaterialpropertiesofTable6/1andAppendix6/1foracceptablematerial;and

(b) material,orconstituentsofmaterials,composedofthefollowingunlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/1:

• peat,materialsfromswamps,marshesandbogs;

• logs,stumpsandperishablematerial;

• materialsinafrozencondition;

• clayhavingaliquidlimitdeterminedinaccordancewithBS1377:Part2,exceeding90orplasticityindexdeterminedinaccordancewithBS1377:Part2,exceeding65;

• materialsusceptibletospontaneouscombustionexceptunburntcollieryspoilcomplyingwithsub-Clause15ofthisClause;

(ii) unacceptablematerialClassU1Bshallbe:

(a) contaminatedmaterials,includingcontrolledwastes(asdefinedintheEnvironmentalProtectionAct1990PartIIA)whoselevelofcontaminationisabovethatgiveneitherinAppendix6/14orinAppendix6/15,butexcludingallspecialwastes(asdefinedintheSpecialWasteAmendment(Scotland)Regulations2004)andradioactivewastes(asdefinedintheRadioactiveSubstancesAct1993).

3 UnacceptablematerialClassU2shallbe:

(i) specialwaste(asdefinedintheSpecialWasteScotland(Amendment)Regulations2004)andradioactivewaste(asdefinedintheRadioactiveSubstancesAct1993).

4 WhererequiredinAppendix6/1,unacceptablematerial(otherthanClassU2)shallbeprocessedbymechanical,chemicalorothermeanstorenderthematerialacceptableforuseinthePermanentWorksinaccordancewiththerequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1.

Definitions

5 Chalkshallmean:

(i) anyporousmaterialofnaturalorigincomposedessentiallyofcalciumcarbonateandidentifiedaschalkonthemapsproducedbytheBritishGeologicalSurvey;

(ii) materialdesignatedasClass3inAppendix6/1.

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

Amendment-November2009 S2

6 Argillaceousrockshallmeanshalesmudstonessiltstonesslatesandmicaceousschistscomposedofparticlesofclayandsiltandmica.Itshallincludeunburntcollieryspoil.

7 Pulverised-fuelashshallmeansolidmaterialextractedbyelectrostaticandmechanicalmeansfromthefluegasesoffurnacesfiredwithpulverisedbituminouscoal.Itshallhaveamaximumparticlesizeof3mm.

8 Furnacebottomashshallmeanagglomeratedpulverised-fuelashobtainedfromthebottomofthepowerstationfurnaceandhavingparticlesizenolargerthan10mm.

9 Formationshallbethetopsurfaceofcapping.Wherenocappingisrequiredformationshallbethetopsurfaceofearthworksattheundersideofsub-base,unlessotherwiseshownontheDrawings.

10 Sub-formationshallbethetopsurfaceofearthworksattheundersideofcapping.

11 Stabilisationshallmeanthespreadingofcementorlimeorbothonalayerofdepositedorintactgranularorcohesivematerial,andthesubsequentprocessofpulverisingandmixingfollowedbyappropriatecompactiontoformthewholeoraconstituentlayerofacapping.

12 (11/07)Where‘recycledaggregate’isusedinthisSeries,thematerialshallbeaggregateresultingfromtheprocessingofmaterialusedinaconstructionprocess.TheaggregateshallhavebeentestedinaccordancewithClause710,andthecontentofothermaterials(ClassX)includingwood,plasticandmetalshallnotexceed1%bymass.Where‘recycledaggregateexceptrecycledasphalt’isusedinthisSeries,theaggregateshallhavebeentestedinaccordancewithClause710.Contentofasphalt(mineralaggregatewithabituminousbinder)shallnotexceed2%bymass,andthecontentofothermaterials(ClassX)includingwood,plasticandmetalshallnotexceed1%bymass.

Use of Fill Materials

13 Inadditiontoanygradingrequirementsthemaximumparticlesizeofanyfillmaterialshallbenomorethantwo-thirdsofthecompactedlayerthicknessexceptthatcobbleshavinganequivalentdiameterofmorethan150mmshallnotbedepositedbeneathvergesorcentralreserveswithin1.30mofthefinishedsurface.

14 (11/07)Materialshallnotbedepositedwithin500mm,orotherdistancesdescribedinAppendix6/3,ofconcrete,cementboundmaterials,othercementitiousmaterialsorstabilisedcappingformingpartofthe

PermanentWorksif,whentestedinaccordancewithTRLReport447either:

(i) thewater-solublesulfate(WS)contentexceeds1500mgofsulfate(asSO4)perlitre(TestNo.1);or

(ii) (11/09)theoxidisablesulfides(OS)contentexceeds0.5%ofsulfate(asSO4)(TestNo.2andTestNo.4);or

(iii) (11/09)unlessotherwisespecifiedinTable6/1orTable6/3,the2:1watertosoilextractpreparedforthedeterminationofwater-solublesulfatein(i)hasapHvalueoflessthan7.2,whentestedusingtheelectrometricmethodofpHdeterminationinaccordancewithBS1377-3.

(11/09)AtleastfivesamplesofeachmaterialshallbetestedforWS,OSandpHvalue.Themeanofthehighesttwovaluesshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.Thisalsoappliesifsixtonineresultsareavailable.Iftenormoreresultsareavailable,themeanofthehighest20%oftheresultsshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.

15 (11/07)Materialshallnotbedepositedwithin500mm,orotherdistancesdescribedinAppendix6/3,ofmetallicstructuralelementsformingpartofthePermanentWorksif,whentestedinaccordancewithTRLReport447either:

(i) thewater-solublesulfate(WS)contentexceeds300mgofsulfate(asSO4)perlitre(TestNo.1);or

(ii) theoxidisablesulfides(OS)contentexceeds0.06%ofsulfate(asSO4)(TestNos.2and4).

AtleastfivesamplesofeachmaterialshallbetestedforWSandOS.Themeanofthehighesttwovaluesshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.Thisalsoappliesifsixtonineresultsareavailable.Iftenormoreresultsareavailable,themeanofthehighest20%oftheresultsshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.

(11/07)Therequirementsin(i)and(ii)aboveshallnotapplytometallicelementsprotectedbyconcreteandancillarymetallicitemssuchasthetopsofchambersandgullies.

16 UnburntcollieryspoilmaybeusedasgeneralfillprovideditiscompactedincompliancewithClause612andcomplieswiththerequirementsofAppendix6/1.

17 Pulverised-fuelashshallnotbeplacedwithinthedimensiondescribedinAppendix6/3,belowsub-formationorformation.

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

Amendment-November2009 S3F

18 Wherepulverised-fuelashisused,theContractorshallforeachconsignment,makeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationarecordofthetypeandsourceofthematerialandthenameofthepowerstationfromwhichitwasobtainedandacertificateofresultsoftestsshowingthatthematerialcomplieswiththerequirementsofTable6/1.

632TS (11/06) Determination of Moisture Condition Value (MCV) of Earthworks Materials in Scotland

1 WheretheMoistureConditionValue(MCV)isrequiredinAppendix6/1,theMCVdeterminationshallbecarriedoutinaccordancewithTRLReport273,AppendixA,Sections1to3.

2 WherethenaturalmoisturecontentMCVisrequiredinAppendix6/1,theMCVdeterminationshallbecarriedoutinaccordancewithTRLReport273,AppendixA,Sections1to3.

3 WheretheMCVofsaturatedmaterialsisrequiredinAppendix6/1,theMCVdeterminationshallbecarriedoutinaccordancewithTRLReport273,AppendixA,Sections1,2and4.

4 WhenrequiredinAppendix6/1,thedeterminationoftheMCV/moisturecontentrelationshallbecarriedoutinaccordancewithTRLReport273,AppendixA,Sections1,2and5.

5 AnalternativeprocedureisgiveninAppendixA,Sections1,2and6ofTRLReport273.TherapidassessmentprocedureformaterialacceptabilitymaybeusedwhenpermittedinAppendix6/1.

6 (11/03)TheContractorshallprovide,foreachMoistureConditionApparatus(MCA)tobeused,atestcertificatetoshowthattheMCAisfunctioningcorrectly.ThetestsforcorrectfunctionshallbecarriedoutasdescribedinAppendixDofTRLReport273andtheresultsrecordedonformMCA3(TRLReport273,AppendixB),orsimilar.Allequipmentusedshallbetraceabletonationalstandards.

7 (11/03)TheContractorshallprovide,foreachoperatoroftheMCA,acertificatewhichshowstheoperatorhascompletedanappropriatecourseoftrainingapprovedbytheOverseeingOrganisation.TheOverseeingOrganisationshallbecontactedfordetailsofthoseorganisationsabletoprovidesuchtraining.

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

Amendment-November2005 N1

NATIONAL ALTERATIONS OF THE OVERSEEING ORGANISATION OF NORTHERN IRELAND

601NI Classification, Definitions and Uses of Earthworks Materials

General Classification

1 Earthworksmaterialsshallfallintooneorotherofthefollowinggeneralclassifications:

(i) acceptablematerial:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSiteorimportedontotheSitewhichmeetstherequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1foracceptabilityforuseinthePermanentWorks;

(ii) (11/04)unacceptablematerialClassU1Aasdefinedinsub-Clauses2(i)(a)and2(i)(b)ofthisClause:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSitewhich,unlessprocessedsothatitmeetstherequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1,shallnotbeusedinthePermanentWorks;

(iii) (11/04)unacceptablematerialClassU1Basdefinedinsub-Clause2(ii)(a)ofthisClause:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSitewhich,unlessprocessedsothatitmeetstherequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1,shallnotbeusedinthePermanentWorks;and

(iv) (11/04)unacceptablematerialClassU2asdefinedinsub-Clause3(i)ofthisClause:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSitewhichshallnotbeusedinthePermanentWorks.

(11/04) Unacceptable Materials

2 (11/04)UnacceptablematerialClassesU1AandU1B:

(i) (11/04)unacceptablematerialClassU1Ashallbe:

(a) (11/04)materialwhichdoesnotcomplywiththepermittedconstituentsandmaterialpropertiesofTable6/1andAppendix6/1foracceptablematerial;and

(b) material,orconstituentsofmaterials,composedofthefollowingunlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/1:

• peat,materialsfromswamps,marshesandbogs;

• logs,stumpsandperishablematerial;

• materialsinafrozencondition;

• clayhavingaliquidlimitdeterminedinaccordancewithBS1377:Part2,exceeding90orplasticityindexdeterminedinaccordancewithBS1377:Part2,exceeding65;

• materialsusceptibletospontaneouscombustionexceptunburntcollieryspoilcomplyingwithsub-Clause15ofthisClause;

(ii) (11/04)unacceptablematerialClassU1Bshallbe:

(a) (11/05)contaminatedmaterials,includingcontrolledwastes(asdefinedintheWasteandContaminatedLand(NorthernIreland)Order1997whoselevelofcontaminationisabovethatgiveneitherinAppendix6/14orinAppendix6/15,butexcludingallhazardouswastes(asdefinedintheHazardousWasteRegulations(NorthernIreland)2005)andradioactivewastes(asdefinedintheRadioactiveSubstancesAct1993).

3 UnacceptablematerialClassU2shallbe:

(i) (11/05)hazardouswaste(asdefinedintheHazardousWasteRegulations(NorthernIreland)2005)andradioactivewaste(asdefinedintheRadioactiveSubstancesAct1993).

4 (11/04)WhererequiredinAppendix6/1unacceptablematerial(otherthanClassU2)shallbeprocessedbymechanical,chemicalorothermeanstorenderthematerialacceptableforuseinthePermanentWorksinaccordancewiththerequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1.

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

Amendment-November2009 N2

Definitions5 Chalkshallmean:

(i) anyporousmaterialofnaturalorigincomposedessentiallyofcalciumcarbonateandidentifiedaschalkonthemapsproducedbytheGeologicalSurveyofNorthernIreland;

(ii) materialdesignatedasClass3inAppendix6/1.

6 Argillaceousrockshallmeanshalesmudstonessiltstonesslatesandmicaceousschistscomposedofparticlesofclaysiltandmica.Itshallincludeunburntcollieryspoil.

7 Pulverized-fuelashshallmeansolidmaterialextractedbyelectrostaticandmechanicalmeansfromthefluegasesoffurnacesfiredwithpulverizedbituminouscoal.Itshallhaveamaximumparticlesizeof3mm.

8 Furnacebottomashshallmeanagglomeratedpulverized-fuelashobtainedfromthebottomofthepowerstationfurnaceandhavingparticlesizenolargerthan10mm.

9 Formationshallbethetopsurfaceofcapping.

Wherenocappingisrequiredformationshallbethetopsurfaceofearthworksattheundersideofsub-base,unlessotherwiseshownontheDrawings.

10 Sub-formationshallbethetopsurfaceofearthworksattheundersideofcapping.

11 (05/01)Stabilisationshallmeanthespreadingofcementorlimeorbothonalayerofdepositedorintactgranularorcohesivematerial,andthesubsequentprocessofpulverisingandmixingfollowedbyappropriatecompactiontoformthewholeoraconstituentlayerofacapping.

12 (11/07)Where‘recycledaggregate’isusedinthisSeries,thematerialshallbeaggregateresultingfromtheprocessingofmaterialusedinaconstructionprocess.TheaggregateshallhavebeentestedinaccordancewithClause710,andthecontentofothermaterials(ClassX)includingwood,plasticandmetalshallnotexceed1%bymass.Where‘recycledaggregateexceptrecycledasphalt’isusedinthisSeries,theaggregateshallhavebeentestedinaccordancewithClause710.Contentofasphalt(mineralaggregatewithabituminousbinder)shallnotexceed2%bymass,andthecontentofothermaterials(ClassX)includingwood,plasticandmetalshallnotexceed1%bymass.

Use of Fill Materials13 (05/01)Inadditiontoanygradingrequirementsthemaximumparticlesizeofanyfillmaterialshallbeno

morethantwo-thirdsofthecompactedlayerthicknessexceptthatcobbleshavinganequivalentdiameterofmorethan150mmshallnotbedepositedbeneathvergesorcentralreserveswithin1.30mofthefinishedsurface.

14 (11/07)Materialshallnotbedepositedwithin500mm,orotherdistancesdescribedinAppendix6/3,ofconcrete,cementboundmaterials,othercementitiousmaterialsorstabilisedcappingformingpartofthePermanentWorksif,whentestedinaccordancewithTRLReport447either:

(i) (11/05)thewatersoluble(WS)sulfatecontentexceeds1500mgofsulfate(asSO4)perlitre(TestNo.1);or

(ii) (11/09)theoxidisablesulfides(OS)contentexceeds0.5%ofsulfate(asSO4)(TestNo.2andTestNo.4);or

(iii) (11/09)unlessotherwisespecifiedinTable6/1orTable6/3,the2:1watertosoilextractpreparedforthedeterminationofwater-solublesulfatein(i)hasapHvalueoflessthan7.2,whentestedusingtheelectrometricmethodofpHdeterminationinaccordancewithBS1377-3.

(11/09)AtleastfivesamplesofeachmaterialshallbetestedforWS,OSandpHvalue.Themeanofthehighesttwovaluesshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.Thisalsoappliesifsixtonineresultsareavailable.Iftenormoreresultsareavailable,themeanofthehighest20%oftheresultsshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.

15 (11/07)Materialshallnotbedepositedwithin500mm,orotherdistancesdescribedinAppendix6/3,ofmetallicstructuralelementsformingpartofthePermanentWorksif,whentestedinaccordancewithTRLReport447either:

(i) (11/05)thewatersoluble(WS)sulfatecontentexceeds300mgofsulfate(asSO4)perlitre(TestNo.1);or

(ii) theoxidisablesulfides(OS)contentexceeds0.06%ofsulfate(asSO4)(TestNos.2and4).

(11/05)AtleastfivesamplesofeachmaterialshallbetestedforWSandOS.Themeanofthehighesttwovaluesshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.Thisalsoappliesifsixtonineresultsareavailable.Iftenormoreresultsareavailable,themeanofthehighest20%oftheresultsshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.

(11/07)Therequirementsin(i)and(ii)aboveshallnotapplytometallicelementsprotectedbyconcreteand

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

Amendment-November2009 N3

ancillarymetallicitemssuchasthetopsofchambersandgullies.

16 (05/01)UnburntcollieryspoilmaybeusedasgeneralfillprovideditiscompactedincompliancewithClause612andcomplieswiththerequirementsofAppendix6/1.

17 (05/01)Pulverised-fuelashshallnotbeplacedwithinthedimensiondescribedinAppendix6/3,belowsub-formationorformation.

18 (05/01)Wherepulverised-fuelashisused,theContractorshallforeachconsignmentmakeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationarecordofthetypeandsourceofthematerialandthenameofthepowerstationfromwhichitwasobtainedandacertificateofresultsoftestsshowingthatthematerialcomplieswiththerequirementsofTable6/1.

607NI Explosives and Blasting for Excavation

1 BlastingforexcavationshallnotbeemployedunlesspermittedorrequiredinAppendix6/3andsuchblastingshallbeconfinedtothelocationsandtowithinthetimelimitsstatedtherein.

2 TheContractorshall:

(i) notcarryoutplastershooting;

(ii) foreachlocationwhereblastingistobeundertaken,providewrittennoticetotheOverseeingOrganisationoftheprogrammeofblasting,includingtrialexplosions,atleast10daysbeforeitcommencesandgivewrittennoticeofeachblastingeventasdescribedin(v)below,atleast12hoursbeforehand;

(iii) carryouttrialexplosionsstartingwithreducedquantitiesofexplosiveinordertodeterminethesizeoftheactualexplosivechargesandtheirdisposition,foruseinthemainblastingoperations,soasnottoexceedthevaluesforvibrationalamplitudeandvibrationalpeakparticlevelocitystatedin(vi)belowatthepositionsdescribedtherein;

(iv) determinedangerzoneslikelytobecreatedbytheblastingoperations,includingtrialexplosions,withinwhichblastedmaterialmaybeprojectedandutilisesuitablearrangementsincludingTemporaryWorks,toretainsuchprojectilesandensurethatnoinjuryordamageiscausedtopersonsorpropertythereby;

(v) limitblastingtoasmallnumberofeventsduringpermittedhoursperday,whereaneventshallcompriseasingleexplosionoragroupofexplosionseachseparatedbyashorttimeinterval,thegrouplastinglessthanaminute;

(vi) ensurethat:

(a) structuresandearthworks,existingorunderconstruction,onandofftheSite,donotexperience,duringblastingoperationsincludingtrialexplosions,avibrationalamplitudeexceeding0.2mmandaresultantpeakparticlevelocityexceeding50mmpersecond,orotherlimitsstatedinAppendix6/3,atthesametimeorindividually;and

(b) peakoverpressures,ofmagnitudesuchastoendangerwindowsandglazedareasofstructures,donotoccur;

(vii) whereinstrumentationandmonitoringisappropriate:

(a) rigidlyfixtostructuresandinsertinearthworksdescribedin(vi)(a)above,suitableinstrumentstomeasurethevibrationalamplitudeandresultantvibrationalpeakparticlevelocity,andpeakoverpressures,experiencedduringblastingoperationsincludingtrialexplosions;

(b) makeavailabledetailsoftheproposedinstrumentationwithintheSite;

(c) unlessotherwisestipulatedinAppendix6/3,makehisownarrangementsforinstallinginstrumentsonpropertyofftheSiteincludingnegotiatingwithlandownersandotherinterestedparties;

(d) readsuchinstrumentsandtakemeasurementsthroughouttheperiodofblastingoperations,includingtrialexplosions;

(e) forinstrumentsonstructuresorearthworksontheSiteand,whererequiredinAppendix6/3,onpropertyofftheSite,makeavailabletheresultstotheOverseeingOrganisationattheendofeachday’sblasting;

Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks

Amendment-November2009 N4F

(viii) takemeasurementsofvibrationalamplitudeandpeakparticlevelocityineachofthreemutuallyperpendicularplanesanddeterminethepeakvalue,takenasthemaximumresultantcalculatedbyvectorsummationofthethreecomponentsofamplitudeandvelocityrespectively,measuredasinstantaneouslyastheresolutionoftherecordinginstrumentpermits;

(ix) ensurethatnoisefromblastingoperationsiscontrolledinaccordancewithClause109;

(x) useexplosivesinthequantitiesandinthemannerrecommendedbythemanufacturer;

(xi) storeexplosivesinregisteredpremisesinalicensedstoreormagazineprovidedwithaseparatecompartmentfordetonatorsorusethemunderanImmediateUseCertificateissuedbythepolice;

(xii) onlypermitexplosivestobeusedorhandledbyorundertheimmediatecontrolofacompetentpersoninaccordancewiththeConstruction(GeneralProvisions)NorthernIrelandRegulations1963(Regulation19)andsubsequentamendingRegulations;

(xiii) ensurethereisnounauthorisedissueorimproperuseofexplosivesbroughtontheSiteandmaintainastrictcheckonquantitiesissuedandconsumed;

(xiv) complywiththerequirementsofBS6657inrespectoftheuseofelectricaldetonatorsinthevicinityofstaticandmobileradiotransmitters,includingnormalradioandtelevisionbroadcastingstationsandradarunitsassociatedwithaircraftmovements,electricitygeneratingplantandtransmissionlines.