September 2013

September 2013 MANUEL PASTOR, MIRABAI AUER, JARED SANCHEZ

PARKS FORWARD:DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE IN THE GOLDEN STATE

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

A Leveling Off: Immigrant Share of Total PopulationCalifornia, Los Angeles, and the U.S.

Los Angeles

United States

California

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%N

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Percent of Immigrant Population in U.S. Since 1999

AL

AK

AZ

AR

CA

CO

CT

DE

DC

FL

GA

HI

ID

IL

IN IA

KS

KY LA ME

MDMA

MIMN

MS

MO

MT

NE

NV

NH

NJ

NM

NY

NC

ND

OH

OK

OR

PA

RI

SC

SD

TN

TX

UT

VT

VA

WA

WV

WIWY

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75%

Perc

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Percent Immigrants Arrived Before 2000

Percent Foreign-born by Length of Time in U.S. by State

-4,310,525

-248,081

4,788,632

781,946 875,683

White Black Latino API Other

U.S. Change in Youth (<18) Population by Race/Ethnicity, 2000-2010

Under 5 years

5 to 9 years

10 to 14 years

15 to 19 years

20 to 24 years

25 to 29 years

30 to 34 years

35 to 39 years

40 to 44 years

45 to 49 years

50 to 54 years

55 to 59 years

60 to 64 years

65 to 69 years

70 to 74 years

75 to 79 years

80 to 84 years

85 years and over

12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Age by Sex, California, 2005-09

MaleFemale

Source: PERE analysis of 2005-2009 ACS data, at the block group level.

Prepared by USC PERE | August 2013 | 20

Under 5 years

5 to 9 years

10 to 14 years

15 to 19 years

20 to 24 years

25 to 29 years

30 to 34 years

35 to 39 years

40 to 44 years

45 to 49 years

50 to 54 years

55 to 59 years

60 to 64 years

65 to 69 years

70 to 74 years

75 to 79 years

80 to 84 years

85 years and over

12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Age by Sex, South Kern BHC Site, 2005-09

MaleFemale

Source: PERE analysis of 2005-2009 ACS data, at the block group level. Prepared by USC PERE | April 23, 2013 | 21

Under 5 years

5 to 9 years

10 to 14 years

15 to 19 years

20 to 24 years

25 to 29 years

30 to 34 years

35 to 39 years

40 to 44 years

45 to 49 years

50 to 54 years

55 to 59 years

60 to 64 years

65 to 69 years

70 to 74 years

75 to 79 years

80 to 84 years

85 years and over

14% 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%

Age by Sex, Fresno BHC Site, 2005-09

MaleFemale


Prepared by USC PERE | April 23, 2013 | 22

Under 5 years

5 to 9 years

10 to 14 years

15 to 19 years

20 to 24 years

25 to 29 years

30 to 34 years

35 to 39 years

40 to 44 years

45 to 49 years

50 to 54 years

55 to 59 years

60 to 64 years

65 to 69 years

70 to 74 years

75 to 79 years

80 to 84 years

85 years and over

14% 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%

Age by Sex, Coachella Valley BHC Site, 2005-09

MaleFemale



Prepared by USC PERE | March 19, 2013 | 24

Under 5 years

5 to 9 years

10 to 14 years

15 to 19 years

20 to 24 years

25 to 29 years

30 to 34 years

35 to 39 years

40 to 44 years

45 to 49 years

50 to 54 years

55 to 59 years

60 to 64 years

65 to 69 years

70 to 74 years

75 to 79 years

80 to 84 years

85 years and over

12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Age by Sex, Boyle Heights BHC Site, 2005-09

MaleFemale


Under 5 years

5 to 9 years

10 to 14 years

15 to 19 years

20 to 24 years

25 to 29 years

30 to 34 years

35 to 39 years

40 to 44 years

45 to 49 years

50 to 54 years

55 to 59 years

60 to 64 years

65 to 69 years

70 to 74 years

75 to 79 years

80 to 84 years

85 years and over

12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Age by Sex, East Oakland BHC Site, 2005-09

MaleFemale



Under 5 years

5 to 9 years

10 to 14 years

15 to 19 years

20 to 24 years

25 to 29 years

30 to 34 years

35 to 39 years

40 to 44 years

45 to 49 years

50 to 54 years

55 to 59 years

60 to 64 years

65 to 69 years

70 to 74 years

75 to 79 years

80 to 84 years

85 years and over

12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Age by Sex, Richmond BHC Site, 2005-09

MaleFemale



Under 5 years

5 to 9 years

10 to 14 years

15 to 19 years

20 to 24 years

25 to 29 years

30 to 34 years

35 to 39 years

40 to 44 years

45 to 49 years

50 to 54 years

55 to 59 years

60 to 64 years

65 to 69 years

70 to 74 years

75 to 79 years

80 to 84 years

85 years and over

12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Age by Sex, City Heights BHC Site, 2005-09

MaleFemale



WE USED TO BE OPPORUTNITY-RICH . . .

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0.42

0.44

0.46

0.48

0.50

0.52

New YorkConnecticutLouisianaM

ississippiTexasFloridaCaliforniaTennesseeAlabam

aGeorgiaIllinoisM

assachusettsKentuckyNew JerseyNorth CarolinaSouth CarolinaArkansasNew M

exicoOklahom

aPennsylvaniaRhode IslandVirginiaW

est VirginiaColoradoArizonaM

ichiganM

issouriOhioNorth DakotaOregonKansasM

arylandM

ontanaW

ashingtonM

innesotaDelawareSouth DakotaM

aineIndianaNevadaNebraskaIdahoVerm

ontW

yoming

Wisconsin

IowaHawaiiNew Ham

pshireUtahAlaska

Gini Index by State(2007-2009)

Note:The G ini coefficient is a measure of income inequality. A zero coefficient implies that a ll households in a state have exactly the same amount of wealth, while a coefficient of 1.0 means a single household has all the state's income.

Once considered a land of opportunity, California is now one of the most unequal states in the U.S.


$0

$5

$10

$15

$20

$25

$30

$35

< high school high school only some college, no degree

AA or equivalent BA or better

Changing Returns to Education in California, 1979-2009

1979

2009

Real wage earned at various education points – note that the return has increased for college grads such that the wage premium was about 100 percent in 1979 and is now nearly 200 percent in 2009


How can the state park system help with significant social challenges? Intersecting state

park system with needs of low-income population and communities of color

Thanks to Greeninfo for advice and pioneering techniques

Zoom to major urban areas

Need to understand whether the future demographics are being served by park and other systems

Need to see the park system as one part of contributing to opportunity for all residents

Need to see how every system can help with reconnecting Californians across generations and geographies

IMPLICATIONS FOR STATE PARKS

BUILDING THE FUTURE

Documents

September 2013