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SENTENCE PATTERNS

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Look at the 4 sentences whichcomprise this paragraph.

1A genome is all the genetic material in the

chromosomes of an organism. 22The

human genome includes about three billion base

pairs that make up human DNA.3The HumanGenome Project, completed in 2!, "as a #!$

%ear, international effort to identif% the 2,$

2&, human genes and make them accessible

for further biological stud%. 4This research hascatal%'ed biotechnolog%.

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Sentences with complexdetails can be broken down

into basic elements.KEY: Subject verb direct object or subject complement-- modifiers

#A genomeis all the genetic materialin the chromosomes

of an organism.

2 The human genomeincludesabout three billion base pairs

that make up human DNA.

!

The Human Genome Project, completed in 2!, "asa #!$%ear, international effort to identif% the 2,$2&, human

genes and make them accessible for further biological

stud%.

( This researchhas catal%'ed biotechnolog%.

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These elements create 5 basicpatterns.

1. S-V: The Dow Jones Indstrial !"erage #ell b$ 5%points.

&. S-V-DO: 'esearchersha"e #ond a cre#or cancer.

%. S-LV-SC: ! "irsisa pathogen. (S)*+

!ll membersarepresent. (S)!+

4. S-V-IO-DO:Jane,s bosso-eredhera raise.

5. S-V-DO-OC: Iconsider$om$ best #riend. ()*+

The women#ond the candidate,s langage

o-ensi"e.()!+

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% additional patterns re/iread"erb complements.

) S00!): I will lie down.

) S00D0!): Did$optthecake in theo"en2

) S0L0!): 3$ ke$sareon the kitchenconter.

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1. S + V-int

) The intransiti"e action "erb takes nodirect obect.

) "en i# the action "erb is #ollowed b$ a prepositional

phrase6 the "erb is still intransiti"e as long as it does nottake a direct obect.

) x:The children are sleeping.

7ho is calling2

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2. S + V + DO

The transiti"e action "erb is #ollowedb$ a direct obect.

*ote: The second *86 the direct obect6 recei"es a di-erent nmerical designation (*8&+

becase it is not the same as the sbect (*81+.

*% brother is taking his "ife on a cruise.

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3. S + LV + SCN

The linking "erb is #ollowed b$ a nonthat#nctions as the sbecti"e complement.

*ote: The second non6 the sbecti"ecomplement6 is the same as the sbect (3r.James 9 teacher+.

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3. S + LV + SCAThe "erb o# being is #ollowed b$ an

adecti"ethat #nctions as thesbecti"e complement.

The sbecti"e complement adecti"ema$

be aprepositional phrase.

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More Linking Verb

) The linking "erb ma$ be a word similar tobe6; sch as seem6; appear6;become6; or looks.;

) r6 it ma$ be a "erb relating to the senses.Grandma+s house al"a%s smelled like moth balls.

NP# - ADsubject subjecti/e complement

The air feels "intr% toda%.

NP# - AD

subject subjecti/e complement

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!. S + V + IO + DO

The action "erb is #ollowed b$ an indirectobect and then a direct obect.

*ote: The indirect obect and the direct obect eachrecei"e a new nmerical designation becase eachis di-erent #rom the other and both are di-erent#rom the sbect.

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". S + V + DO + DOCN

The action "erb is #ollowed b$ a direct obect.The direct obect is #ollowed b$ a non#nctioning as an obecti"e complement.

*ote: The second *86 the direct obect6 recei"es a di-erent nmericaldesignation (*8&+ becase it is not the same as the sbect (*81+.The third *86 the obecti"e complement6 recei"es the samenmerical designation as the direct obect (*8&+ becase it is thesame as the direct obect (Jacobsen 9 #riend+.

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". S + V + DO + DOCA

The action "erb is #ollowed b$ a directobect. The direct obect is #ollowed b$an adecti"e #nctioning as an obecti"e

complement.

*ote: The second *86 the direct obect6 recei"es a di-erent

nmerical designation (*8&+ becase it is not the same as thesbect (*81+.