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Sensor Service Grid as ReaSensor Service Grid as Rea--Time Monitoring Time Monitoring Infrastructure and its ApplicationsInfrastructure and its Applications in Asiain Asia
13 July 2009 13 July 2009 University of TokyoUniversity of Tokyo
HONDA Kiyoshi, HONDA Kiyoshi, Asian Institute of Technology ThailandAsian Institute of Technology Thailand / Mie University, Japan/ Mie University, Japan
AaditAadit ShresthaShrestha, , ApichonApichon WitayangkurnWitayangkurn, , RassarinRassarin ChinnachodteeranunChinnachodteeranun, , SupasakSupasak KulawonganunchaiKulawonganunchaiAsian Institute of Technology, ThailandAsian Institute of Technology, Thailand
Hiroshi SHIMAMURAHiroshi SHIMAMURAelabelab experience Inc., Japanexperience Inc., Japan
ContentsContents
Background Background Sensor AsiaSensor AsiaSensor Service GRID ( SSG )Sensor Service GRID ( SSG )ApplicationsApplications
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Comparis on of Sate llite LAI and Simula ted LAI
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1
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3
4
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0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360
DOY
LA
I
LAI_s atLAI_s im
Model Calibration
Scenario Simulation
RS: Regional-Global
Model
Ubiquitous GeoUbiquitous Geo--Informatics forInformatics forModeling & SimulationModeling & Simulation
Web GIS for Data Sharing
Sensor Network
Real TimeReal Time
Super Computer
Field Server Sensor Network
Web ServerWi-Fi or Cellar-phoneA/DSensorsCameraLED LightingSolar-cell
Prof. Masayuki HIRAFUJI, NARO, Japan
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Field Server NetworkField Server NetworkReal time Data CollectionReal time Data Collection
Sophisticated InterfaceSophisticated Interface
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Field Sensor NetworkField Sensor Network’’s High Potentials High PotentialLow Cost SensorLow Cost SensorField Sensor Network PlatformField Sensor Network Platform
Field Server ( NARC, Field Server ( NARC, elabelab experienceexperience……))MeshnetMeshnet
Mobile InternetMobile InternetMobile Phone (GSM, 3G) , Internet Mobile Phone (GSM, 3G) , Internet Satellite(IPSatellite(IP--STAR)STAR)WiFiWiFi ( Hotspots, Green( Hotspots, Green--WiFiWiFi in Bangkok )in Bangkok )New generation of mobile internet ( New generation of mobile internet ( WiMaxWiMax ))
ApplicationsApplicationsEnvironmental MonitoringEnvironmental MonitoringAgricultureAgricultureLogisticsLogisticsSecuritySecurity
ProblemsProblemsSetup/Configuration CostSetup/Configuration CostMetadata ManagementMetadata ManagementRemote ManagementRemote ManagementConnection to Real Application Operational SystemConnection to Real Application Operational System
Sensor Asia InitiativeSensor Asia Initiative
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Sensor AsiaSensor AsiaPromote High Density Field Sensor ObservationPromote High Density Field Sensor Observation
FS SpecialistComputer / Network Engineer
Farmer, Application Engineer,Kids interested in Environment
R&DManual SetupKnow ledge on Netw ork, Database….
Real ApplicationAutomatic SetupSensor Plug&Play
Sensor Service GRID (SSG)Sensor Observation ServiceSensor Manufacturer
Obtain Real Time Field Data GlobalyHigh Potential for various Application
Sensor Service GRID Sensor Service GRID
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SOS: Sensor Observation ServiceSOS: Sensor Observation ServiceOGC: Open GeoOGC: Open Geo--Spatial Consortium Standards on SWESpatial Consortium Standards on SWE
SOS ( Sensor Observation Service )SOS ( Sensor Observation Service )SPS ( Sensor Planning Service )SPS ( Sensor Planning Service )WNS ( Web Notification Service )WNS ( Web Notification Service )
Obtain Sensor InformationObtain Sensor InformationStandard Query and AnswerStandard Query and AnswerO&M Documents ( xml )O&M Documents ( xml )Sensor Name, Location, Spec, DataSensor Name, Location, Spec, Data……....
Provide standard interface to sensor dataProvide standard interface to sensor dataMetadata( Information on Sensor ) , Sensor Data can be obtained Metadata( Information on Sensor ) , Sensor Data can be obtained by by standard query to the systemstandard query to the system
Improvement for practical deploymentImprovement for practical deploymentField orientedField orientedFillFill--up Gap from physical sensor setup to SOS systemup Gap from physical sensor setup to SOS systemSecuritySecurityPublic ServicePublic Service
Figure from http://52north.org
SOS StationSOS Station
+
Fieldserver
Linux Box
SOS Implementation
=
SOS Station
Communicate via Standard Protocol Communicate via Standard Protocol Returns Standard O&M DocumentReturns Standard O&M Document
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Naming, Grouping,Monitoring, Archiving, Controlling,Publishing Control,Visualization, GML/KML, SOSUser Management, Security
Sensor Service GRID (SSG)Sensor Service GRID (SSG)Simple OverviewSimple Overview
SOS Stations ( Field Sensor Node )
Global Client
SSG Servers
Slow, Unstable NetworkFirewall, NAT
Visualization, SOS, On/Off-Line Node-Management
Local Client
Applicati onsAgriculture M anagementDisaster Information DashboardEnergy Monitoring
Visualization,SOS
Application Development Environment( JAVA/API, Mashup, Flex, AIR.. )
SSGSSGGIS & visualization interfaceGIS & visualization interface
SensorAsiaSensorAsia provides a userprovides a user--friendly GIS visualization friendly GIS visualization interface interface Shows locations of Fieldservers on webShows locations of Fieldservers on web--mapsmapsShows the data from various kinds of sensors and weatherShows the data from various kinds of sensors and weather--stations in easystations in easy--toto--understand graphs and dials.understand graphs and dials.
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Global AccessGlobal AccessGlobal accessGlobal access
AnytimeAnytimeAnywhereAnywhere
ReliableReliableStored Data on remote Stored Data on remote and central serverand central server
Reduce maintenance cost Reduce maintenance cost (engineer can (engineer can add/remove/edit add/remove/edit configuration from configuration from anywhere)anywhere)No Server system by usersNo Server system by users
SOS Station Management SOS Station Management Status & GroupingStatus & Grouping
SOS Station GroupSOS Station GroupOwner can manage Owner can manage group by themselvesgroup by themselvesGrouping byGrouping by
CompanyCompanyLocationLocationType of systemType of system
SOS Station StatusSOS Station StatusMonitored: blue Monitored: blue Not Monitor: grayNot Monitor: gray
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Open System for Sensor ConnectionOpen System for Sensor ConnectionOpen to Sensor ManufacturerOpen to Sensor Manufacturer
Small Feeder Program Obtains Data from Physical DevicesSmall Feeder Program Obtains Data from Physical DevicesData feeder template for Sensor manufacturer for quick connectioData feeder template for Sensor manufacturer for quick connectionnSensor Manufacturer can promote their sensor ; No need to take cSensor Manufacturer can promote their sensor ; No need to take care of are of data archiving/publishing processdata archiving/publishing process
Supports Multi Supports Multi DevicesDevices
Field Server III, Field Server III, IVIVDavis, LacrosseDavis, LacrosseDecagonDecagonSenseAirSenseAir
I/FI/Fhttp, serial, DBhttp, serial, DB
Sensor Plug and PlaySensor Plug and PlayEasy to add new sensor to SOS stationEasy to add new sensor to SOS station
Select Sensor Model and EditSelect Sensor Model and EditConfigure Sensor Setting even RemotelyConfigure Sensor Setting even RemotelyThe system automatically starts archiving, changes interface.The system automatically starts archiving, changes interface.No Programming Required No Programming Required --> Reduce Cost> Reduce Cost
Edit Sensor Spec
Add Sensor
Select a Sensor Model
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Open System for ApplicationOpen System for Application
Open to Solution ProvidersOpen to Solution Providers33rdrd Party Application can be easily constru cted on SSGParty Application can be easily constru cted on SSGIntInt’’l Standard I/F l Standard I/F –– SOSSOSJava API for SOS query and IDEJava API for SOS query and IDEChronograph Layer for Data FilteringChronograph Layer for Data FilteringApplications send queries to SSG and obtain Answer ( Sensor SpecApplications send queries to SSG and obtain Answer ( Sensor Spec, , Sensor Data )Sensor Data )Construct Purpose Oriented Application : MultiConstruct Purpose Oriented Application : Multi--Site Viewer, Early Site Viewer, Early Warning, Simulation and etc. Warning, Simulation and etc.
IDE and 3IDE and 3rdrd Party ApplicationParty Application
Selecting Sensor and Selecting Sensor and connecting to GUIconnecting to GUI
Adobe AIR ApplicationAdobe AIR Application
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Spinach Field Monitoring using FSSpinach Field Monitoring using FSFor Food SafetyFor Food Safety
Sensor AsiaSensor AsiaTo promote high density field sensor network for various issuesTo promote high density field sensor network for various issuesAgriculture, Food Safety, Disaster, EnvironmentAgriculture, Food Safety, Disaster, Environment……ALFAE ( AreaALFAE ( Area--wide ewide e--Laboratory for Food, Agriculture & Environment )Laboratory for Food, Agriculture & Environment )
Pesticide ResiduePesticide ResidueShift spinach supply to ThailandShift spinach supply to ThailandSWFIT Co., Ltd. SWFIT Co., Ltd. –– University COOPUniversity COOP
Follow Euro GAP ( Good Agricultural Practice )Follow Euro GAP ( Good Agricultural Practice )Deliver real time image to Consumer ( Univ. COOPDeliver real time image to Consumer ( Univ. COOP’’ Restaurants )Restaurants )Promote products and contribute income generation Promote products and contribute income generation Foster confidence among farmers/students on ICTFoster confidence among farmers/students on ICTBridge between Japan and Thailand Bridge between Japan and Thailand
DIASDIASData Integration and Analysis System Project, Data Integration and Analysis System Project, www.www.diasdiasjp.orgjp.org
Spinach Field LocationSpinach Field Location
ChaingChaing Dao, Dao, ChaingChaing MaiMai3 hours from 3 hours from ChaingChaing MaiMaiElevationElevation
1200m1200m
Bangkok
Chaing Mai
Spinach Field
LAOS
Myanmar
Thailand
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SettingSetting
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Fiel
d Se
rver
at S
pina
ch F
ield
Omni Antenna for School and Research Center
Davis Weather Station
FS EngineCameraCO2 Sensor
YagiAnetenna
Davis Console
Linux Box
WDS AP
HUB
Soil MoistureTemp.ConductivityData Logger
Leaf Wetness Sensor
Soil Heat Flux Sensor
SSG Demo
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WVIEW WebpageWVIEW Webpagehttp://203.159.10.20/weather/ChiangMai/
WVIEW Webpage
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ECH2O-TE 32cm
WVIEW WebpageECH2O 32cmSoil Moisture (mV)
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Em50 Battery Monitor
HeatFlux & Co2(via FieldServer A/D)
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Weather Station Data(Davis)
Spinach Field ImagesSpinach Field Images
Harv esting in mid of 2008/01
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Embedding Soil Moisture Data to Your Webpage
Glacier Monitoring in HimalayaGlacier Monitoring in HimalayaGlobal WarmingGlobal WarmingMelting Glacier Melting Glacier --> Glacier Lakes> Glacier LakesGLOF ( Glacier Lake Outburst Flood )GLOF ( Glacier Lake Outburst Flood )High Potential to Create Debris Flow to Rural Community and High Potential to Create Debris Flow to Rural Community and TouristTouristMonitor Glacier Lakes using FS for Early WarningMonitor Glacier Lakes using FS for Early WarningImjaImja Glacier LakeGlacier Lake
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Glacier Lake Monitoring,Imja Lake (5000m),Everest Region, Nepal
Fieldserver near Imja lake (5000m)
Fieldserver @Island Peak Ridge (5200m)
WiFi Relay Station at Chukkung-Ri(5100m), relaying 23 Km to Namche
Some DefinitionsSome Definitions
Glacial LakeGlacial LakeA A glacial lakeglacial lake is a lake with origins in a melted is a lake with origins in a melted glacier. glacier. (http://(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glacial_lakeen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glacial_lake))
©Samjwal BajracharyaICIMOD
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Imja Lake (Imja Tso), Ev erest Region
Some DefinitionsSome Definitions
Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF)Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF)GLOF is technically a sudden and often catastrophic GLOF is technically a sudden and often catastrophic flood that occurs when a lake contained by a glacier flood that occurs when a lake contained by a glacier or a terminal moraine dam failsor a terminal moraine dam failsThis can happen due to:This can happen due to:
Erosion, water pressure, avalanche, earthquake, or large Erosion, water pressure, avalanche, earthquake, or large portion of glacier falling and massively displacing water portion of glacier falling and massively displacing water from the lake.from the lake.
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In Perspective In Perspective ……GLOF can cause massive damage to human GLOF can cause massive damage to human settlements in lower areassettlements in lower areasPast records of huge loss of life and property Past records of huge loss of life and property around the worldaround the worldNeed to identify critical glacial lakes and monitor Need to identify critical glacial lakes and monitor themthemDevelop early warning systemsDevelop early warning systemsImjaImja Lake is classified as highly criticalLake is classified as highly critical
Study AreaStudy Area
ImjaImja LakeLakeNonNon--existent in 1960existent in 1960Started as a small pool of waterStarted as a small pool of waterNow covers more than 1 Km sq.Now covers more than 1 Km sq.Highest rate of retreat for a glacial lake in the Highest rate of retreat for a glacial lake in the Himalayas, 74m per year (between 2001 and 2006)Himalayas, 74m per year (between 2001 and 2006)
(ICIMOD(ICIMOD--UNEP Report, June 2007)UNEP Report, June 2007)
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Travel ItineraryTravel Itinerary
17-28 Sept, 2007
Travel ItineraryTravel Itinerary
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Implementation OutlineImplementation Outline
Wireless Link from Wireless Link from NamcheNamche BazarBazar seems to be seems to be the best optionthe best optionA plan has been received from NREN (Nepal A plan has been received from NREN (Nepal Research and Education Network)Research and Education Network)A wireless link with 2 hops A wireless link with 2 hops –– Wireless Relay Wireless Relay stations at 2 placesstations at 2 placesLake<Lake<-->>ChukkungriChukkungri<<-->>KongdeKongde<<-->>NamcheNamche
Implementation OutlineImplementation Outline
© Mahabir Pun, NREN
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Implementation OutlineImplementation Outline
© Mahabir Pun, NREN
Implementation OutlineImplementation Outline
Nepal Wireless Project, Annapurna Regionhttp://www.nepalwireless.net
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Draught Monitoring in ThailandDraught Monitoring in ThailandBig damage to agricultureBig damage to agricultureDamage Assessment and PredictionDamage Assessment and Prediction
Modeling and SimulationModeling and Simulation
Dynamic Water BalanceDynamic Water BalanceFlux ObservationFlux ObservationSoil MoistureSoil Moisture
Access to Data through SOSAccess to Data through SOSThai Research FundThai Research Fund
SoilSoil--WaterWater--AtmosphereAtmosphere--Plant Model Plant Model (SWAP)(SWAP)
Adopted from Van Dam et al. (1997)Drawn by Teerayut Horanont (AIT)
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SWAP Model Parameter DeterminationSWAP Model Parameter Determination-- Data Assimilation using RS and GA Data Assimilation using RS and GA --
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
0 45 90 135 180 225 270 315 360Day Of Year
Eva
potra
nspi
ratio
nLA
I
RS ObservationRS Observation
SWAP Crop Growth ModelSWAP Crop Growth Model
SWAP Input ParametersSWAP Input Parameterssowing date, soil property, sowing date, soil property, Water management, and etc.Water management, and etc.
LAI, LAI, Ev apotranspirationEv apotranspiration
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
0 45 90 135 180 225 270 315 360Day Of Year
Eavp
otra
nspi
ratio
nLA
I
FittingFitting
LAI, LAI, EvapotranspiratioEvapotranspirationn
Assimilation by Assimilation by finding Optimized finding Optimized
parametersparameters
By GABy GA
RSRS ModelModel
Impact of DraughtImpact of DraughtThe lowest rainfall The lowest rainfall appeared in 2003 appeared in 2003 but the most but the most serious impact on serious impact on rice yield was rice yield was found in 2004found in 2004October RainfallOctober Rainfall
20032003 43.6mm43.6mm20042004 3.3mm 3.3mm
Dry spell in Dry spell in October has October has serious impactserious impact
Accumu lative Annual Rainfa ll i n Ubon Ratchathani
1581 .41622 .3
19 90.81790 .51874.2
158 1.7
1273 .7
1484 .614 83.2
0.02 00.04 00.06 00.08 00.0
10 00.012 00.014 00.016 00.018 00.020 00.0
20 01 2002 2003 200 4 20 05 20 06 2007 2008 Avg.19 71-200 0Year
Rainf
all Am
ount
(mm.
)
Averaged Ric e Yield in Ubon R atc hathan i Province
413406 400
372387
400
421
340350360370380390400410420430
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Yea r
Yield
(Kg/
Rai) Lowe
st
Lowest
Simulated rice yield under 1 month dry spell
344.80 349.12
151.68
352.96 353.28363.04
050
100150200250
300350400
July August September Oct ober November Actual yield
Yiel
d (K
g/Ra
i)
.
Yield Simulation Under Different Dry Spell Scenarios
Yield Simulation withDry Spell in October
Yeild Statistics
Annual Rain
2003
2004
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DIASDIAS地球観測データ統合・解析システム地球観測データ統合・解析システム
Data Integration and Analysis SystemData Integration and Analysis System国家基幹技術国家基幹技術
衛星観測データー＞社会に有用な情衛星観測データー＞社会に有用な情報へ報へ
Modeling / Calibration / ValidationModeling / Calibration / Validation
KhonKhon KaenKaen, Thailand; Soil Moisture, , Thailand; Soil Moisture, Agriculture MonitoringAgriculture MonitoringInstalled in Dec 2006Installed in Dec 2006Constructing Data PathConstructing Data Path
KhonKhon KaenKaen --> AIT (SSG ) > AIT (SSG ) --> UT> UT
Soil Moisture EC-5Khon Kaen
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Asian Joint Research ProjectAsian Joint Research Projectfor Early Warning of Landslidesfor Early Warning of Landslides
Joint Project by Indonesia, Japan , Korea, Philippine, ThailandJoint Project by Indonesia, Japan , Korea, Philippine, ThailandBanjarnegaraBanjarnegara Landslide ( slow movement type ), Jogjakarta, IndonesiaLandslide ( slow movement type ), Jogjakarta, IndonesiaTo propose early waning system of Landslide for Asian ImplementaTo propose early waning system of Landslide for Asian ImplementationtionInstalling Field Server for Early Warning Dec 2007Installing Field Server for Early Warning Dec 2007
Water Pressure, Water Pressure, ExtensiometerExtensiometer, Rain gauge and Camera, Rain gauge and CameraEarly WaningEarly WaningLocal / Remote MonitoringLocal / Remote Monitoring
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System ConfigurationSystem Configuration
3rd Pole
2nd Pole
ExtensioMeter1
ExtensioMeter2
GPRS
AIT Server
Local Monitoring/Warning
Remote Monitoring
Outdoor Unit(FS+Sensors)2 ExtensiometersRain GaugeWater PressureCamera
Indoor UnitLocal Serv erGPRS ModemSpeakerUPS
WiFi, Cable
Rain Gauge
IP Camera
Pulley for Extensiometer Invar Line
Invar Line to Pole1
Invar Line to Pole3
Rain gauge, IP Camera and Pulleyson the 2nd Pole
Extensiometer
Tension Weight to Invar Line Invar Line to
extensiometer
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Out Out Door Door UnitUnit
New Fieldserver EngineNARC 24 bitsThanks to Prof. Hirafuji
Water PressureSensor (Strain Gauge)Depth at 2.51m
Water PressureStrain Gauge Amp
Rain Gauge Counter
ExtensiometerAmp for rotary potentiometer( 2 potentiometer with 180deg phase diff)
DC Power Supply
WDS AP HUB
Indoor UnitIndoor UnitLocal ServerLINUX BoxWith IM GPRS Modem
UPS with ExternalBattery
Speaker
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Warning Warning ScreenScreen
Displacement rate (mm/hr) in 4 hrs
Antecedent Rain 10min, 1 hr, 24 hrs, 72hrs
Warning I ( First Warning, Yellow )R24>100mm && R24 > 250mm-R72
Warning II ( Prepare for ev acuation, Orange )( R24 > 150mm && R24> 350mm-R72 ) ||( Warning I && ( e1 > 2mm/hr or e2 > 2mm/hr ) )
Warning III ( Ev acuation, Red)If ( Warning I || Warning II ) && ( e1 > 5mm/hr || e2 >5mm/hr )
R24, R72: antecedent rainfall in 24 , 72 hourse1, e2: displacement rate
60mm in 20 hrs !
Displacement(mm) in 24 hours
Rain fall in 24hrs
Water Level(m)
Warning Meter
Important to provide understandable information to people
3 Level of Warning based on Antecedent Rainfall andDisplacement
Exhibition to HRH Princess Exhibition to HRH Princess SirindhornSirindhorn12 Nov 2008
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Future PlanFuture Plan
Public ServicePublic ServiceBeta 1 Testing since 24 April 2009 is going onBeta 1 Testing since 24 April 2009 is going onCommercial Service, September 2009Commercial Service, September 2009
Sensor IDSensor IDFor Sensor P&PFor Sensor P&P
Develop various applications and testingDevelop various applications and testingThailand Disaster Management SystemThailand Disaster Management SystemBuilding Energy Monitoring SystemBuilding Energy Monitoring SystemNepal Aviation Route MonitoringNepal Aviation Route MonitoringFood Safety ( Sensor Data Food Safety ( Sensor Data --> Food Safety System, GAP )> Food Safety System, GAP )And etc.And etc.
Gateway <Gateway <--> > MetbrokerMetbrokerGIS GIS MashupMashup ServiceService
ConclusionConclusionSensor Service GRID as an infrastructureSensor Service GRID as an infrastructure
Standard Protocol, Global Access, Sensor Standard Protocol, Global Access, Sensor Plug&PlayPlug&PlayAutomate transfer, meta data management, Automate transfer, meta data management, publishingpublishingLow Cost InstallationLow Cost InstallationSensor middleware for various businessesSensor middleware for various businesses
Various ApplicationVarious ApplicationPublic ServicePublic Service
Commercial Service: September 2009Commercial Service: September 2009
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Development TeamDevelopment Team
Mr. Mr. ApichonApichon WitayangkurnWitayangkurn
Mr. AaditShrestha
Ms. Ms. RassarinRassarin Ch.Ch.
Mr. Mr. SupasakSupasakKulawonganunchaiKulawonganunchai
Dr. Honda Dr. Honda KiyoshiKiyoshi
Thank youThank you
[email protected]@ait.ac.th
patent pendingpatent pending
CO2 Sensor DemoCO2 Sensor Demo
