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Sensor presentation. Product Scope. A Sensor is a device intended to transmit a signal corresponding to the primary current or voltage to the secondary equipment. Power IT Sensors are typically used in MV switchgears and switches for measuring, protection and indication. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Sensor presentation
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Product Scope
A Sensor is a device intended to transmit a signal corresponding to the primary current or voltage to the secondary equipment.
PowerIT Sensors are typically used in MV switchgears and switches for measuring, protection and indication.
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Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers
Trends in electrical engineering
. . . but not in transformers!
Size
Performance
Standardisation
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Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers
Reason: The properties of material used
Saturation
Unlinear range
Linear range
Unlinear range
Remedy: Absence of iron
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Why did ABB choose Rogowski coil
IEC-requirements
Cost effective
Low life cycle cost
Size
Rogowski coilRogowski coil
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Rogowski coil
First published in1912 by Rogowski and Steinhous
Uniformly wound coil with non-magnetic core
Output signal is proportional to the derivate of primary current
IEC 60044-8
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Why did ABB choose voltage dividers
IEC-requirements
Cost effective
Safe
Low life cycle cost
Size
Capacitive voltage dividerCapacitive voltage divider
Resistive voltage dividerResistive voltage divider
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Voltage divider
Resistive divider Matched resistor pair
1:10 000 divider ratio
Today accuracy up to class 1
Capacitive divider Zc = 1/C
1:10 000 divider ratio
Accuracy up to class 3
Small size ideal for bushings
IEC 60044-7
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Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers
Rated primary current (CT)
Ipr = 240 A
Ip (log)
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Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers
Rated primary current range (sensor)
Ipr = 80 A....240 A.........…1250 A
Ip (log)
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Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers
Accuracy limit factor (Kalf)
Ipr
Ip (log)
c Protection class 10P
CT
CS
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Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers
Voltage error
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
U/Un %
%
Error limit, class 3P
Typical error, voltage transformer
Linearity
Typical error, voltage sensor
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Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers
Low powerLow signal
High power
Transmitted signal level
1,2 - 110 V, 25 VAAt free potential, must be earthed
Secondary losses = I2R
12 - 1100 mV, 80 mVAAlways earthed in the sensorSecondary losses negligible
0,25 - 100 A, 5 VAAt free potential, must be earthed
Secondary losses = I2R
7,5 - 3000 mV, 6 mVAAt free potential
Secondary losses negligible
Voltage transformer (ku=1,9) Voltage sensor
Current transformer (Kalf =20) Current sensor
SAFE
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Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers
Short-circuited secondary
Voltage transformer Voltage sensor
Isc
Isc/Acu = 160 A/mm2
Temp. 500 C
Explosion within 30 s
Isc = Inormal
Isc
250 M
25 k
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Current transformer Current sensor
Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers
Uopen
Isc
0 - 10 kV
Isc/Acu = 40 mA/mm2
Open secondary
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Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers
Frequency response
F/Hz10 100
1000 10 000
VT
CTrel
CSVS(Res.)
VS(Cap.)
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Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers
Secondary wiring
Instr. transf. Terminal blocks IED
Wiring and screw connectionsTesting of connections
Sensor IED
Integrated cableand connector
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Secondary cabling of sensors
Sensor IED
S1S2
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Combi Sensor
Voltage transformer
Current transformer
Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers
Small size of active parts
Only one core
Small size of active parts
Only one core
Compactness
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Sensor Technology - CT/VT vs. Sensors
Signal
Secondary cables Incl. and tested
Linearity Yes
Saturation No
Ferroresonance No
Temperature coefficient Incl. in accuracy
EMC Shielded
Short-circuited secondary Safe
Open secondary Safe
Weight 2-25 kg (Combi)
Standardisation possible Yes
150mV / 2V
Sensors1/5A / 100/110 V
CT / VT
Excluded
No
Yes
Yes (VT)
No
No
Destructive (VT)
Destructive (CT)
40-60 kg (CT + VT)
No
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Standards for Sensors
Sensors from ABB are designed, manufactured and testedaccording to international standards when applicable.
Voltage Sensors: IEC 60044-7 (1999-12)Instrument transformers –Part 7: Electronic voltage transformers
Current Sensors: IEC 60044-8 (2002-07) Instrument transformers –
Part 8: Electrical current transducers
Combi Sensors: IEC 60044-3 (1980-01)Instrument transformers –
Part 3: Combined transformers
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Sensor, type KEVCD_
Current Sensor or Combi Sensor
Measurement and protection by one sensor
Dimensions and primary connections same as DIN-type CTs (DIN 42600)
12, 17.5, 24 kV, two types: A. </= 1250 A
B. > 1250 A (max. 3200 A)
Including coupling electrode for voltage indication
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Selection Guide for KEVCD type Sensors
I + U + Uind
Upto 12 kV
Upto 17.5 kV
I + Uind I + U + Uind I + Uind
Upto 24 kV
KEVCD 12 AE3
KEVCD 17.5 AE3
KEVCD 24 AE3
KEVCD 12 AG3
KEVCD 17.5 AG3
KEVCD 24 AG3
KEVCD 12 BE2
KEVCD 17.5 BE2
KEVCD 24 BE2
KEVCD 12 BG2
KEVCD 17.5 BG2
KEVCD 24 BG2
< 1250 A 1600...3200 A
Rated current range (first row)Functions included (second row)Nominal
voltage
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Ith / Idyn: 40 kA, 3s / 100 kA Insulation level: 12/28/75 kV
Frequency: 50/60 Hz With ribs on top
Secondary cable (length to be advised), options: 5 m, 6.5 m or 7.5 m
Primary polarity (to be advised), options: Normal or reversed
Coupling electrode for voltage indication included
Technical Information in KEVCD Sensor
KEVCD 12 AE3
I-sensor
Ipn: 1250 A
Ipr (to be advised), options: 80 A (Ir of switchgear: 80-160 A)240 A (Ir of switchgear: 160-480 A), with adapter640 A (Ir of switchgear: 480-1250 A), with adapter
Output signal: 150 mV (50 Hz), 180 mV (60 Hz)
Accuracy: Class 1* / 3 (*with correction factor)
U-sensor
Division ratio: 10.000/1 Accuracy: Class 1/3P
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Sensor concept
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Sensors in use around the world
In use in 56 countries
More than 20 000 sensors in operation
In use in 56 countries
More than 20 000 sensors in operation
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Sensors in use around the world
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Arguments for Sensors
Safety
Short delivery time
Smart integration
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