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Senior Thesis Analysis Topics
Alternate Formwork System Evaluation (Depth Analysis)
The Green Building Reference Guide (Depth Analysis)
Office Tower Structural Redesign (Breadth Analyses)
Introduction
LEED Rating
Arlington’s first LEED rated office building (Silver Rating)
OccupantsHeadquarters of United States Navy League
Retail, Offices
DesignSkewed plan
212,947 sq.ft. 7- story office tower
164,561 sq.ft. 4 - story sub-grade parking garage
Structure
M.E.P.VAV system
Copper bus duct power risers
Office tower: structural steel
Parking garage: C.I.P. concrete
Introduction
Project BackgroundProject Team
Main Subcontractors:
Concrete: Southland Concrete
Structural Steel: Strait Steel
Electrical: J.E. Richards
Mechanical/Plumbing: W.E. Bowers
Owner: U.S. Navy League
Architect: Page Southerland Page LLC
Owner’s Representatives: The Keech Company LLC, Lincoln Properties
General Contractor: James G. Davis Construction Corp.GMP Contract
Lump Sum Contracts
Project Background
Start Date: 5/8/2003
Scheduled Completion Date: 4/26/2005
Project Schedule
Project Delivery
Design – Bid - Build
Building Costs
Alternate Formwork System Evaluation
As-built System:Aluminum framing & plywood sheathing
Labor and material intensive
Analysis Overview & Goals
Alternate System:Accommodate existing design
Reusable components
Goals:Decrease formwork budget & duration
Improve sustainability aspects
Alternate Formwork System Evaluation
Mid-State Filigree Systems
Available Formwork Systems
Peri ‘Skydeck’
‘Tabla’ by Gillespie Practical Technologies, Inc.
‘Titan HV’
Alternate Formwork System Evaluation
Slab Design Factors
Alternate Formwork System EvaluationSlab Design Factors
First Floor Slab Framing Plan
Alternate Formwork System Evaluation
Design Characteristics
Formwork System Selection
Engineering
Material Costs
Labor
Local Codes
Reusability
Viable Alternate System: ‘Titan HV’
Accommodates design
Potential labor savings
FSC plywood compatible
Alternate Formwork System EvaluationCost & Production Factors
Alternate Formwork System EvaluationConclusion
Reusability
Excellent Satisfactory Poor
Local Codes
Labor
Material Costs
Engineering
Design Characteristics
Titan HV System
Standard System
Selection Criteria
Standard aluminum system is best option for the parking garage
The Green Building Reference GuideAnalysis Overview & Goals
LEED ratings & sustainable design
Additional planning and management required
Unnecessary costs and possible delays
Lack of dedicated construction resources
Issues:
Solution:Easily accessible network of resources
Organize online resources through structured website
Goals:Develop website to aid construction professionals
Increase knowledge = better chances of project’s success
Reference Guide Development
Form:
Form
Function
Content
Readily accessible platform: website
Free to use & kept current
Targeted organization & direct format
Database of available online resources
Main Topics:
Material Procurement
Indoor Environmental Quality Commissioning
Waste ManagementSite Management
The Green Building Reference Guide
Reference Guide Development
Function:
Website demonstration:
The Green Building Reference Guide
Reference Guide Development
Content:Filtered content
Benefits: reduces search time, increases productivity
User input for future development & expansion
The Green Building Reference Guide
Conclusions
GBRG created to address needs of building professionals
Targeted, organized content in graphical format
Positive feedback indicates value and potential
The Green Building Reference Guide
Office Tower Structural RedesignAnalysis Overview & Goals
Issues:
Solution:Design C.I.P. concrete office tower
Establish costs & duration of alternate system
Goals:Reductions in budget and schedule with concrete tower
System with least environmental impact
Structure transitions from concrete garage to steel tower
Inherent difficulties of steel: cost, time
M.E.P. coordination
Environmental impact of steel production
Images of structural steel erection
Office Tower Structural RedesignConcrete Structure Design Development
Criteria:
Design Consideration:
Given span length, post-tensioning required
Develop schematic design
Maintain current structural layout and clearances
Maintain open plan office spaces
Characteristics of Current Structural Steel System Dimensions
Floor to Floor Height 13’- 4” Maximum Member Depth 24” Composite Slab Thickness 6” Maximum Bay Span 43’
Office Tower Structural RedesignConcrete Structure Analysis
Slab Type
Thickness (in)12
Width (in)36
Concrete
Columns Beams Slab5000 5000 5000
Steel Reinforcement
Post-Tensioning CablesSystem Type
Unbonded 0.153 in^2 (7/16" Diam.)
Loading
Typ. Floor RoofUniform 80 psf 100 psf
ColumnsSize
14" x 14"
Two-way, Flat Slab
Strength (psi)
Ultimate Tendon Strength270 ksi
Design Load
150 (Normal weight)
Bar Yield Strength (fy) Modulus of Elasticity Clear Bar Cover
Floor to Floor Height13' - 6"
Post-Tensioning Design Characterisitics
29,000 ksi 1"60 ksi
Type
Unit Weight (psf)
Area of Tendons
Slab Dimensions
Drop Panel Dimensions
Tributary Width (ft) Span Length (ft)30 29.5 to 43
Length (in)36
Depth (in)8
Office Tower Structural RedesignConcrete Structure Analysis
Rendering of C.I.P. Concrete Slab, Columns, & Drop Panels
12” Thick Post-Tensioned Slab
36” x 36” x 8” Deep Drop Panel, Typical
Office Tower Structural RedesignBudget & Schedule Comparison
Cost difference of $863,000 Concrete is 33% more expensive than steel
Office Tower Structural RedesignBudget & Schedule Comparison
Office Tower Structural RedesignAdditional Topics
Applications of Alternate Formwork System
‘Titan HV’
Structural & M.E.P. Coordination
Environmental Impact: Concrete vs. Steel
Benefits of steel = benefits of concrete
Office Tower Structural RedesignStructural & M.E.P. Coordination
Coordination Plan:
H.V.A.C. Plan with C.I.P. System Overlay
Office Tower Structural RedesignConclusions
Most appropriate Equal advantages Least appropriate
Environmental Impact
M.E.P. Coordination
Total Duration
Total Cost
Post-Tensioned Concrete SystemSteel SystemAnalysis Criteria
Structural steel provides greater value most appropriate
ConclusionsAlternate Formwork System Evaluation
The Green Building Reference Guide
Office Tower Structural Redesign
Most viable: Titan HV system
Titan HV: greater cost & duration
Selected standard aluminum system
Logically organized, up-to-date list of resources
Positive feedback indicates potential
Post-tensioned, C.I.P. concrete structural system
Greater overall cost and duration
Equal environmental impact
Existing steel system offers best value
AcknowledgementsI would like to thank the following people for their help and support in the development of this Senior Thesis Project:
Penn State University
Dr. Michael Horman (Thesis Advisor)
Dr. David Riley
Dr. Kevin Parfitt
James G. Davis Construction Corp
Bill Moyer
Dave Purdy
Hasan Alsayegh
Kim Pexton
The Keech Company
Bill Keech Sr.
Bill Keech Jr.
Personal Contacts
My fiancé, Diane
My family
My friends
Southland Concrete
Mark Aulabaugh
Titan Formwork Systems, LLC
Paul Tauscher
Arlington County, Virginia
Michael Lewis
Questions Questions ??
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