Semester 1, Day 1

Introduction & Macromolecules

About Me Mrs. Larkin Da Vinci Design Charter High School

Last Year: 11th Biology Upcoming Year: 9th Physics

Contact Information larkin.brittney@gmail.com 630-618-6534

Goal

Content: Students will be able to understand how

life functions, achieving a B or better in the course.

Reading: Students will be able to read and

understand the biology textbook independently.

Writing: Students will be able to fluently use the

language of biology to express their ideas.

Summer School Information Uniform at all times including breaks 2 Absences, then removed

Late by > 30 minutes = 1 absence 3 Tardies = 1 absence

Requirements: 1 notebook (or binder w/ looseleaf) Pen or Pencil

Discipline: 2 Warning, then Referral 2 Referrals, then Dismissal from summer school

Grade Breakdown 50% = Daily Quizzes

Beginning of EVERY class 50% = Final Exam

Entire semester’s material Work Packets

Due at beginning of EVERY class Incomplete = Quiz score entered as a zero &

parent call home No makeup quizzes

Daily Agenda1. 30 minutes

Turn in Work Packet Take Quiz Review both

2. 60 minutes Investigation Activity Direct Instruction

3. 5 minutes Break

4. 110 minutes Partner work on

packet Mrs. Larkin will

circulate to provide support

Any work not finished during class is homework

About You On a sheet of paper:

1. Legal Name2. Nickname you’d prefer3. Grade4. Email (please use your professional address)5. Favorite Academic Subject (PE and Lunch don’t

count)6. Favorite Book(s)7. Favorite Movie(s) / TV Show(s)8. Random Fact About You

Introduce yourself by saying your name, nickname, grade, and a “fave”

Nutrition Work with your partner. Write down everything you ate yesterday and

today. Put these food items into any categories that

you believe make sense. You must have 3 or more categories. You must have a rational explanation for each

category. Write down your explanation in complete

sentences and with academic language.

What do these have in common?

What do these have in common?

What do these have in common?

The Chemistry of Biology Science Hierarchy

Biology

Chemistry

Physics

Math

Applied Chemistry

Applied Physics

Applied Math

Study of Life

Study of Matter

The Chemistry of Biology Chemistry Basics

Matter: Everything w/ space & matter. All life, too! Atoms: Building blocks of matter; can’t see them.

Hydrogen Atom (H)

+

-

Atom

Outside (1e-)

Nucleus (1p+, 0n0)“center”

Particles in Atoms Electron (e-): negatively

charged Proton (p+): positively

charged Neutron (n0): no charge

H overall charge = 1e- + 1p+ + 0n0 = 1(-1) + 1(1) + 0(0)

= -1 + 1 + 0= 0

The Chemistry of Biology Boron Atom (B)

Nucleus (5p+, 6n0)

Outside (5e-)

B overall charge = 5e- + 5p+ + 6n0

= 5(-1) + 5(1) + 6(0)= -5 + 5 + 0= 0

Image Source: www.green-planet-solar-energy.com

The Chemistry of Biology Elements: Pure substance; one type of atom. SPONCH: Elements of life; 99.8% of all living

things.S: sulfur ------------ 0.25%P: phosphorus ---- 1%O: oxygen --------- 65%N: nitrogen ------- 3%C: carbon ---------- 18%H: hydrogen ------- 10%

% of Human Body

The Chemistry of Biology Molecule: Group of atoms bonded together.

Molecular Oxygen (Gas)O2

Carbon Dioxide (Gas)CO2

Glucose Sugar (Solid)C6H12O6

Water (Liquid)H2O

Image Source: homebrewsake.com

The Chemistry of Biology

Methane (Gas)CH4

Amino Acids (General Structure)R-CH(NH2)-COOH

Image Source: homepages.ius.edu

The Chemistry of Biology Macromolecules: Big biological molecules;

polymers.

Levels of Organization

“Large” “Life” “Many”

ProtonsElectronsNeutrons

Atoms Molecules Monomers Macromolecules/Polymers

Cells Organisms

Chemistry Biology

Macromolecules Monomers: Molecules that link to make

macromolecules/polymers.

4 Main Macromolecules

“one” “many”monomer – monomer – monomer

polymer/macromolecule

Class Polymer/Macromolecule Monomer

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrate / Polysaccharide

Monosaccharide

Lipids Lipid Glycerol Molecule + Fatty Acid Tails

Proteins Protein / Polypeptide Amino Acids

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic Acid Nucleotides

Macromolecules Carbohydrate / Polysaccharide (Macromolecule) Monosaccharide (Monomer)

Function: Store short term energy Food Sources: Grains (carbohydrate), Candy

(Monosaccharide) Connections: “Carb-Loading” before a race.

Carbohydrate / Polysaccharide(“Complex Carbs”)

Monosaccharide (“Simple Carbs”)• Glucose Molecule

“Sugar”

Macromolecules Lipid (Macromolecule) *technically not a polymer* Glycerol Molecule + Fatty Acid Tails (Building Blocks)

*technically not monomers*

Function: Store long term energy, cushioning Food Sources: Oils, Fats, Waxes Connections: Fat cells synthesize & breakdown lipids

Lipid

Zoom-In Glycerol MoleculePolar / Hydrophilic

(Loves Water)

Fatty Acid Tails (Any #)Nonpolar / Hydrophobic

(Hates Water)

Macromolecules Protein / Polypeptide (Macromolecule) Amino Acids (Monomer)

Function: Enzymes, Hormones, Structural Support, Cell Communication

Food Sources: Meat, Eggs, Beans, Soy, Milk Connections: Protein powder to “build muscle”.

ProteinLeu

Phe LeuSer

Cys

Zoom-In

H2N C COOH

H

RSide chain changesfor each of the 20

amino acids.

Macromolecules Nucleic Acid (Macromolecule) Nucleotides (Monomer) Zoom-In

P

P

PNucleotide

Nucleic Acid

P = Phosphate Group

= Sugar (“-ose”

= Nitrogenous Base

Key

Image Source: www.astrochem.org

PPP

ATP

Break this bond for ENERGY!

Macromolecules Nucleic Acid (Macromolecule) Nucleotides (Monomer) Function: Store and transmit genetic

information; “blueprints” Examples:

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

RNA (ribonucleic acid)

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

deoxyribose sugar

ribose sugar

NucleicAcids

Nucleotide

Reading / Work Time Read Chapter 5

Take Cornell notes on each section. After you are done reading, answer

CONCEPT CHECKS at bottom of Sections 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, and 5.5.

Do the Chapter 5 Review Questions 1-20

Come show me reading notes when you are finished.

Ch5: The Molecules of LifeOrganic Molecule

Monomer

Polymer

Carbon-based molecules used in living organisms.

Small molecular units that build a larger molecule

Long chains of monomers linked together in a long chain. Examples are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Etc….

Summary: Macromolecules are the building blocks of living organisms. They are made up of smaller units called monomers. There are four types: carbohydrates which provide fuel, lipids which provide insulation, proteins which are responsible for day-to-day functioning of organisms, and nucleic acids which are the genetic material of an organism. The monomers they are made up of… etc…

Due Tomorrow Section 5.1 Questions Section 5.2 Questions Section 5.3 Questions Section 5.4 Questions Section 5.5 Questions Chapter 5 Review Questions 1-20 Cornell notes on Chapter 5