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Semantic Technology and Web
Talat FakhriFounder
Quantips.comtwitter.com/talatfakhri
Tabula Rasa : In computer science, tabula rasa refers to the development of autonomous agents which are provided with a mechanism to reason and plan toward their goal, but no "built-in" knowledge-base of their environment.
“A semantic web has yet to emerge , but when it does, the day to day mechanism of trade, bureaucracy and our daily lives will be handled by machines talking to machines. The intelligent agents people have touted for ages will finally materialize.”
--Tim Berners Lee,1999.
Lots of “Information”.
Little “Knowledge”.
“Network Effect” when data is able to talk with data seamlessly.
Network Effect has been defined as a change in the benefit, or surplus, that an agent derives from a good when the number of other agents consuming the same kind of good changes.
Intelligence embedded in data as opposed to making intelligent softwares to makes sense of
dumb data.
Hidden Relationships.
(Very ancient) basic concepts.
Page Rank(Google)Edge Rank(Facebook)
Social Rank(Mindvalley)
Syllogism: a discourse in which, certain things having been supposed, something different from the things' supposed results of necessity because these things are so.
-Aristotle.
Major premise: All men are mortal. Minor premise: Socrates is a man. Conclusion: Socrates is mortal.
Building Blocks:Triples
Subject (Predicate) Object
Thing (Property) Value
Example
man (:has_property) mortal
Socrates (:is_a) man
Socrates (:has_property) mortal
The triples form a large Graph.Graphs free us from DB-schema.Any query is just a subgraph of the graph.
Instead of a few long lists of well-characterized data, we have thousands of datasets, all of which
talk about very different things.
Graphs can be merged and extended.Knowledge grows.New relationships are discovered.(Inference Engine)The whole is more than the sum of its parts.
The power of :sameAs...
Semantic Web
OWL,SPARQL,RDFa,FOAF,Microformats, Freebase,DBpedia,Ontology...
Semantic Web
Ontology: In computer science and information science, an ontology is a formal representation of the knowledge by a set of concepts within a domain and the relationships between those concepts. It is used to reason about the properties of that domain, and may be used to describe the domain.
In theory, an ontology is a "formal, explicit specification of a shared conceptualisation".
Semantic Web
RDF: It is a family of World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) specifications originally designed as a metadata data model. It has come to be used as a general method for conceptual description or modeling of information that is implemented in web resources, using a variety of syntax formats.
Semantic Web
OWL(Web Ontology Language): It is a family of knowledge representation languages for authoring ontologies endorsed by the World Wide Web Consortium.They are characterised by formal semantics and RDF/XML-based serializations for the Semantic Web. OWL has attracted both academic, medical and commercial interest.
Semantic Web
SPARQL(SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language) : It is an RDF query language. It was standardized by the RDF Data Access Working Group (DAWG) of the World Wide Web Consortium, and is considered a key semantic web technology. On 15 January 2008, SPARQL became an official W3C Recommendation.
Semantic Web
FOAF(Friend Of A Friend): It is a machine-readable ontology describing persons, their activities and their relations to other people and objects. Anyone can use FOAF to describe him or herself. FOAF allows groups of people to describe social networks without the need for a centralised database.
Semantic Web
RDFa (or Resource Description Framework – in – attributes): It is a W3C Recommendation that adds a set of attribute level extensions to XHTML for embedding rich metadata within Web documents.
Semantic Web
A microformat (sometimes abbreviated μF) is a web-based approach to semantic markup that seeks to re-use existing HTML/XHTML tags to convey metadata[1] and other attributes, in web pages and other contexts that support (X)HTML, such as RSS.
Semantic Web
DBpedia is a project aiming to extract structured information from the information created as part of the Wikipedia project. This structured information is then made available on the World Wide Web.[2] DBpedia allows users to query relationships and properties associated with Wikipedia resources, including links to other related datasets.[3] DBpedia has been described by Tim Berners-Lee as one of the more famous parts of the Linked Data project.
Who is using all this?
Search-Engines (Google,Yahoo,Binge,Hakia,TrueKnowledge)Homeland SecurityMonster.com (6sense Technology)MIMOSSiri(acquired by Apple)Quantips
How are they using it?
Sentiment Analysis(Opinion Mining)AI Game DevelopmentAuto recognition of topics and conceptsInformation and meaning extractionAuto categorizationNatural Language Processing
THANK YOU
That's me,presenting these slides in Webcamp-KL.;-)
