Semana 8 Say and Tell

7/24/2019 Semana 8 Say and Tell

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Mag. Mercy Noelia Pliza Champi

CICLO 2013-III Mdulo:IUnidad: VII Semana: 7

ENGLISH IVSAY AND ELL


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!EP"! ED SPEECH!EP"! ED SPEECHSAY AND ELLSAY AND ELL


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G#IDELINES

eview your guide

eview your book

isten to the c d.


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EMA IC C"N EN S

SAY AND ELL

-PRESENT

- PAST


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P!ESEN $$$$$$$$$$$$$ PAS


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Im feeling tired

You want to tell someone else what Annsaid.

There are two ways of doing this: You can repeat Anns words (directspeech) :

Ann said Im feeling tired.

Or you can use reported speech:

Ann said ( that ) she was feeling tired .Compare the two sentences :

direct Ann said I am feeling tired .

reported Ann said (that) she was feeling tired.


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Statements in indirect speech : tensechanges necessary

Indirect speech can e introduced y a! "er in a presenttense:

he says that.... This is usual when we are:

# reporting a con"ersation that is still going on.

$ reading a letter and reporting what it says. % reading instructions and reporting them.

& reporting a statement that someone ma'es "ery often.

ut indirect speech is usually introduced y a "er in the pasttense.

er s in the direct speech ha"e then to e changed into acorresponding

past tense.


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Tense changes The changes are shown in the following ta le

Direct speech Indirect speech

*I+,- ,/ * 0T *I+,- ,A*T I never eat meat, he explained He explained that he never ate meat.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS PAST CONTINUOUS

Im waiting for Ann, he said He said he was wating for Ann .

PRESENT PERFECT PAST PERFECT

I have fo!nd a "at, he said He said he had fo!nd a "at .

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

He said, Ive #een wating for ages He said he had #een wating for ages .

SIMPLE PAST PAST PERFECT

I too$ it home with me, he said He said he had ta$en it home with him.

FUTURE CON ITIONAL

He said, Ann will #e in %aris on &onday He said that Ann wo!ld #e in %aris on&onday.

FUTURE CONTINUOUS CON ITIONAL CONTINUOUS

Ill #e !sing the car myself on the ' th, he said He said hed #e !sing the car himselfon the ' th.


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Other changes necessary !hen t"rning direct speechint# indirect speechT$IS used in time e1pressions usually ecome T$AT :

He said, he is coming this wee$ * He said that she was coming that wee$ .

Otherwise T$IS and T$AT used as ad2ecti"es usually change to T$E :He said, I #o!ght this pearl* these pearls for my mother

He said that he had #o!ght the pearl*pearls for his mother.

T$IS%T$ESE used as pronouns can ecome IT%T$E&'T$EMAd(er)s and ad(er)ia* phrases #+ time change as +#**#!s:

Direct Indirect +oday that day

esterday the day #efore

+he day #efore yesterday two days #efore

+omorrow the next day*the followingday

+he day after tomorrow in two daystime

-ext wee$* year etc. +he following wee$*year

ast wee$* year etc. +he previo!s wee$*year

etc.


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In,niti(e and ger"nd c#nstr"cti#ns in indirect speech

A agree3refuse3o4er3 promise3threaten 5 in6niti"e can sometimes e used

instead of say -that ...

%a!l / Ill help yo! if yo! li$e. %a!l o0ered to help her*me or %a!l said that hed help her*me.

acc"se 5o 2ect5 #+ 3admit 3deny 3ap#*#gi/e +#r 3 insist #n 5gerundcan sometimes

e used instead of say that :

o! too$ the money1 might e reported y He acc!sed me ofta$ing the money.

C other useful "er s are : add% admit% ans!er% arg"e% ass"re 5o 2ect3c#mp*ain%

deny% e0p*ain% #)ser(e% p#int #"t% pr#mise% remar1% remind 5

o 2ect3 rep*y. These can e used with direct or indirect speech.

Say% te**

*ay can introduce a statement or follow it :

+om said, Ive 3!st heard the news or Ive 3!st heard thenews, +om said.

say5to5person addressed is posi le3 ut following the directstatement

tell re!uires the person addressed: tell me he told us


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%&e'(io)' i) i)*irec( 'peech

7irect : He said, 4here is he going5 Indirect : He as$ed where she wasgoing.

A Tenses3 pronouns and possessi"e ad2ecti"es3 and ad"er s of time andplace change in statements.

The interrogati"e form of the "er changes to the a8rmati"e form The!uestion mar' (9) is therefore omitted in indirect !uestions :

If the introductory "er is say3 it must e changed to a "er of in!uiry3e.g. As'3 in!uire3 wonder3 want to 'now etc.:

He said, 4here is the station5 6 He as$ed where the station was.

C as' can e followed y the person addressed (indirect o 2ect).

He as$ed, 4hat have yo! got in yo!r #ag5 6 He as$ed (me) what I had got inmy #ag.

ut in!uire3 wonder3 want to 'now cannot ta'e an indirect o 2ect3 so if wewish to report a !uestion where the person addressed is mentioned3 we

must use as' : He said, &ary, when is the next train5 6 He as$ed &ary when the next trainwas.

7 If the direct !uestion egins with a !u!estion word ( when3 where3who3 how3 why etc. ) the !uestion word is repeated in the indirect!uestion : He said, 4hat do yo! want5 6 he as$ed (them) what thet wanted.


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Re2"ests +#r instr"cti#ns #r ad(ice: 4hat shall I do with it5 6 +ell me what to do with it.

O3ers : hall I #ring yo! some tea5 He o0ered to #ring me some tea.

S"ggesti#ns : hall we meet at the theatre5 He s!ggested meeting at the theatre.

C#mmands% re2"ests% ad(ice in indirect speech He said, ie down, tom He told +om to lie down.

The following "er s can e used: ad(ise% )eg% c#mmand% enc#"rage%entreat% +#r)id

+#r)id% imp*#re% in(ite% #rder% rec#mmend% remind% re2"est% "rge%!arrn.

0egati"e commands3 re!uests etc. Are usually reported y n#t 5 in6niti"e:

Dont swim o!t too far, #oys, I said I warned*told the #oys not to swim o!ttoo far

E0c*amati#ns and yes and no He said, 4hat a dreadf!l thing1 Or How dreadf!l 1 6 He said that it was adreadf!l thing.

He said, +han$ yo!1 6 He than$ed me. He said, Ha 7hristmas1 6 He wished me a ha 7hristmas.


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;ow much do you thin' itwill cost 9 ;e said.

A: ;e as'ed how much I thin'it would cost.

: ;e as'ed how much I thoughtit would cost.

C: ;e as'ed how much Ithought it will cost.

#.< =hich of the following answers : A3 3C3 is correcct 9 CLIC4 the pict"re you

thin' is the correct one according to itstransformation into reported speech.


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Im lea"ingtomorrow>.she

said>y the &.%? from

ictoria>. *he said > shewas lea"ingtomorrow y the

&.%? fromictoria>.

*he saidshe was

lea"ing thefollowing

day y the

*he said Iwsas

lea"ingtoday y&.%? from

ictoria

5.6 CLIC4 the pict"re you thin' is thecorrect one according to its transformationinto reported speech.


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7.6 Ch##se the )est a*ternati(eacc#rding t# the "sage #+ the (er)tenses.

A.< The cler' said it would @ will ta'e a little time to loo'up her 6le. .< *he reminded me to insure @insuring my luggage.C.< *he told him not to put @ to put notstic'y things in his poc'et.&.< You ha"e to read a sentence and write a newsentence with the same meaning.

#.< -isten carefully>3 he said to us.;e

told ..............................................................................................................................

$.< 7ont wait for me if Im late>3 Ann said.

Annsaid.............................................................................................................................

%.< Can you spea' more slowly9 I cant understand>3 he said tome.

;e


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# Im thin'ing ofgoing to li"e in

Canada.

$ +y father isin hospital.

& +argaret hashad a a y.

Ill tell im Isaw you.

% I"e een playing tennis a lot recently.

B I dont 'nowwhat Dred is doing.-ater that day you tell another friend what Charlie

said. Ese reported speech.

# Charlie saidthat....................................................................................................

$ Charliesaid...........................................................................................................

%

.< Yesterday you met a friend of yours3 Charlie.Charlie told you alot of things. ;ere are some ofthe things he said to you :


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&.< Fey

# ;e told us to listen carefully.

$ Ann said not to wait for her if she was late.

% ;e as'ed me to spea' more slowly ecause he couldntunderstand.

& ;e told me to read the instructions efore I switched onyhe machine.

I told him not to come efore B ocloc'..< Fey# Charlie said that he was thin'ing of going to li"e inCanada.

$ Charlie said that his father was in hospital.

% ;e said ( that) he had een playing tennis a lot recently

& ;e said (that) +argaret had had a a y.

;e said (that) he would tell im he had seen me.@ ... ;e

saw me.


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G!ACIAS

Documents

Semana 8 Say and Tell