TANZANIAThe Land of Kilimanjaro, Zanzibar and The Serengeti

Karibu Tanzania ! 5Tanzania - the Facts 7HistoryGeographyClimateEconomy

Towns and Cities 9Tourist Map 11The Northern Circuit 13Arusha National ParkKilimanjaro National ParkLake Manyara National ParkMkomazi National ParkNgorongoro CraterOlduvai GorgeSerengeti National ParkTarangire National Park

The Southern Circuit 23Mikumi National ParkRuaha National ParkSelous Game ReserveUdzungwa Mountains National Park

Other Parks 27Gombe National ParkKatavi National ParkKitulo Plateau National ParkMahale Mountains National ParkRubondo Island National ParkSaanane Island

Zanzibar - the Spice Islands 31A Mix of CulturesStone Town ... and aroundTouring ZanzibarPemba IslandThe Other IslandsZanzibar Festivals

The Swahili Coast 47Lakes and Mountains 51Kilimanjaro - the Roof of Africa 53Other Places to Visit 55Activity Holidays 57Special Interest Holidays 61Conference and Incentive Tourism 63Visit the People 65Travel Tips 68

Editorial Contents

Selling TANZANIA is published by Nigel Foster’s Selling AFRICA Ltd.Whilst every care has been taken to ensure all information is accurate andup-to-date, responsibility cannot be taken for any errors or omissions.© 2012

Selling AFRICA Ltd, PO Box 640, Amersham, Bucks HP8 4BU, UKTel: 44 (0)1494 766099 E-mail: sellingafrica@hotmail.com

Design: MDA Marketing Services Ltd, Little Maplestead, Halstead, Essex CO9 2RTPrint: Ancient House Press, Ipswich, Suffolk IP2 0HA

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An oasis of luxury at the very heart of Dar es Salaam, the elegant and cosmopolitan Dar es Salaam Serena enjoys an exceptionally high-pro� le clientele and regularly plays host to both regional and international events.

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Karibu means welcome inSwahili. And there is no betterplace to enjoy an enriching

cultural and wildlife experience thanTanzania.The magical names trip of the

tongue – Kilimanjaro, Laetoli,Ngorongoro, Olduvai, Serengetiand Zanzibar ! Burton, Livingstone,Selous, Speke and Stanley ! These days Tanzania’s ever-

increasing number of national parks- there will soon be 16 - mean it isthe only country in the world toprotect more than 25% of its land sogame viewing experiences arewidely regarded as the best inAfrica. It is the place to see

seemingly endless herds ofwildebeest and zebra trekkingacross the plains on their annualmigration – followed by lion,leopard, cheetah and hyena. It iselephant country, boasting some ofthe largest populations in the world, While at Gombe and Mahale

Mountains National Parks, it is hometo groups of chimpanzees now sorarely seen in the wild.Both the Tanzania mainland and,

of course, Zanibar boast beautifulbeaches – hundreds of miles ofpalm-fringed sands overlooking theIndian Ocean. Its cities are relaxedand friendly. Its huge lakes, Victoria,Tanganyika and Nyasa, are

bountiful with fish. Its mountains aremassive and mysterious and includeMount Meru, Ol Doinyo Lengai andthe Usambaras in addition, ofcourse, to Mount Kilimanjaro – the‘Roof of Africa’, the tallest free-standing mountain in the world, andsurely one of the seven naturalwonders of the world. Yet this, the largest country in East

Africa, is untouched by the holiday-making hordes of mass tourism.It was in Tanzania that Stanley

uttered those famous words – “DrLivingstone I presume” – when hetracked down the Scottish missionaryand explorer after a long trek intothe interior. Indeed Tanzania was a

magnet for several Victorianexplorers who made epic journeysof discovery in search of the sourceof the Nile. Today’s visitors are able to explore

the country, and see Tanzania’sremarkable seven UNESCO WorldHeritage sites -Kilimanjaro National ParkKilwa Kisiwani RuinsKondoa Rock-Art SitesNgorongoro Conservation AreaSelous Game ReserveSerengeti National ParkStone Town, Zanzibar

- with none of the hardship but all ofthe adventure of those early, intrepidpioneers.

Karibu Tanzania !

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ContactsFor further Information/Bookings, please contact The Managing DirectorArush International Conference Centre P.O. Box 3081, Arusha - Tanzania.Tel: 255 - 27 - 250 - 8008/2953/2595/2269 Fax: 255 - 27 - 250 - 6630Email: md@aicc.co.tzWebsite: www.aicc.co.tz

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HISTORYIt is with good reason that Tanzaniahas been called the “cradle ofmankind” for it was here, in 1960,that Dr Louis Leakey and his wifeMary discovered the fossilisedremains of homo habilis, or “handyman”, calculated to be 1.75 millionyears old. Since then, in 1976,hominin footprints found at Laetolihave been been dated back anincredible 3.5 million years.Tanzania was originally occupied

by various African tribes,particularly the Masai with theirproud traditions. Arab merchantsvisited the coast some 2,000 yearsago and settled in Zanzibar aroundthe eighth century establishing traderoutes into the interior. The inter-marriage of Arabs and local peoplecreated a new race with their ownlanguage - Kiswahili, or Swahiliwhose word for a journey - safari -has become the internationaldescription of a trip into the wild.The Portuguese establishedtemporary settlements in the 16thcentury but in 17th century weresupplanted by the Omanis who

developed the infamous slave trade.The scramble for Africa by theEuropean powers at the end of the19th century led to occupation of themainland by Germany althoughZanzibar became a Britishprotectorate. After World War I,Germany was forced to surrender itsterritory to the British. Tanganyika, as the mainland was

then known, achieved independencefrom Great Britain in December 1961. Zanzibar becomingindependent two years later, inDecember 1963, and shortlyafterwards, in April 1964, joiningthe mainland to become the UnitedRepublic of Tanzania.

GEOGRAPHYTanzania covers 937,062 sq kmmaking it the largest country inEastern Africa. Just south of the equator, it borders Kenya andUganda to the north; the DemocraticRepublic of the Congo, Rwanda andBurundi to the west; and Zambia,Malawi and Mozambique to thesouth It is therefore a ideal centrefrom which to explore eastern,

central and southern Africa. The Great Rift Valley, the vast

fault-line that runs down the spine ofAfrica, has created many fascinatingtopographical features in Tanzaniaincluding the world-famousNgorongoro Crater, Lake Tangayika,and Mount Kilimanjaro, thecontinent's tallest mountain. Thecentral plateau is a huge expanse ofsavannah and sparse woodland andwhile the interior is largely arid the800 kilometre coastline, and theislands of Zanzibar, Pemba andMafia, are lush and palm-fringed.

CLIMATEThe coastal areas are hot and humidwith an average day timetemperature of 30°C. Sea breezesmake the climate very pleasant fromJune to September. The centralplateau experiences hot days andcool nights. The hilly countrybetween the coast and the northernhighlands has a pleasant climatefrom January to September, withtemperatures averaging around20°C. Temperatures vary aroundKilimanjaro according to the season

registering a low 15°C during Mayto August rising to 22°C duringDecember to March. For the wholecountry the hottest months are fromOctober to February. The long rainyseason is mid-March to late May.

ECONOMYAgriculture plays a vital part in theeconomy of Tanzania and touristswill see evidence of this as they aredriven past huge coffee, tea andcotton plantations and witness theprocessing of cashew nuts, sisal,cloves and other spices.The country also has large

mineral deposits that include gold,diamonds and a wide variety ofother gemstones.

Of particular interest is tanzanite,a brilliant gemstone found only inTanzania. It is mined in the foothillsof Mount Kilimanjaro and is onethousand times rarer than diamonds.Geological research indicates thatthis source will be depleted in thenext 10 to 20 years and that thechances of finding tanzanite in anyother part of the world are ‘less thanone in a million’.

Tanzania - the Facts

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ARUSHALocated in the north of Tanzania, inthe shadow of Mount Meru, Arushais the safari capital of the country.Tourists usually overnight herebefore their safari around theNorther Circuit. Built by theGermans as a centre of colonialadministration, Arusha is now oneof the country’s most prosperoustowns. The site for the UnitedNations Criminal Tribunal and theheadquarters for the tripartiteCommission for East African Co-operation, Arusha is also the centrefor the trading of Tanzanite, a raregemstone only found in Tanzania.The Cultural Heritage centre -offering a huge selection ofcarvings, gemstones, artifacts,clothing and books - and theadjacent new, four storey ArtGallery are both well worth a visit.

BAGAMOYOSome 70 km north of Dar esSalaam, on the coast oppositeZanzibar, Bagamoyo was once oneof the most important trading portson the East African coast. Theformer capital of German EastAfrica, it is a centre for dhowbuilding. Saadani National Park is45 km to the north and the Kaoleruins five km to the south.

DAR ES SALAAMDar es Salaam, which means“Haven of Peace” in Swahili, boastsone of the world’s finest naturalharbours but, while it has grown tobecome a prosperous centre of theEast African region, it remains a

place of fascination with manyreminders of its colourful past.Dhows still ply its waters while dug-outs, piled with fish, bob by theharbourside. The city displays themany influences of its history. Thereis an Asian district with its specialityshops, restaurants and temples,while the German colonisation hasleft behind a Bavarian-style railwaystation, the Roman Catholic St.Joseph’s Cathedral and theLutheran Azania Front Church. TheBotanical Gardens and GymkanaClub are evidence of Britishoccupation. Dar es Salaam’s60,000 seater, multi-purposeNational Stadium was been built toboth FIFA and Olympic standardsat a cost of US$56 million.

DODOMALocated in the heart of Tanzania,Dodoma is the nation’s officialpolitical capital and its seat ofgovernment. Smaller and lessdeveloped than the country’scommercial centre, Dar es Salaam,Dodoma, is also the centre ofTanzania’s expanding wine industry.

IRINGALocated in the Southern Highlands,Iringa overlooks the Ruaha Riverand is a popular stopover forvisitors to both the Ruaha andUdzungwa Mountains nationalparks. During their occupation, theGerman military built the town as afortified defence againstmarauding tribal warriors. Iringawas also the site of several battlesduring the First and Second World

wars, and Commonwealth wargraves can be found just outsidethe town. The Isimila Stone Age Sitelies about 15 km from the townand is easily accessible. This is oneof the most interesting stone agesites in East Africa and, with itspillars of limestone left standingafter years of erosion, is well wortha visit.

KIGOMAKigoma, is located on the easternshores of Lake Tanganyika. It is aparticularly good base forchimpanzee safaris to both Gombeand Mahale Mountains NationalParks while Ujiji, the village whereStanley met Livingstone, is nearby.

MBEYANear the Zambian border, Mbeya isa major agricultural centre. Coffee,tea, bananas and cocoa are allgrown in the area. It is the maingateway to Kitulo National Parkand the site of the Mbozi meteorite.

MOSHINestled at the base of MountKilimanjaro, Moshi is the coffeeproducing centre of the countryand vast plantations blanket thearea. Sugar plantations are also ofcentral importance to the region’seconomy but the main reasonvisitors come to Moshi is to climbKilimanjaro.

MTWARALocated on the south-eastern coast,near the border with Mozambique,Mtwara is a good base for

exploring the Mnazi Bay RuvumaEstuary Marine Park and nearbyMikandani.

MWANZASituated on the southern shores ofLake Victoria, in the north west ofthe country, Tanzania’s second cityis the perfect base from which tovisit nearby Rubondo NationalPark, Saanane Island and theBujora Sukuma and Nyereremuseums. It also offers easy accessto the Serengeti being only a 21⁄2hour drive from the WesternGrumeti. Other attractions includelake cruises, canoeing safaris andfishing for tilapia or giant nileperch. Mwanza is also known asRock City because of the giganticrock outcrops jutting out of the lakeand strewn around the city. Themost famous of these are theBismarck Rocks, named after theGerman chancellor under whomthis originally small town wasestablished as the administrationcentre of German East Africa.

TABORAIn the hinterland of westernTanzania, Tabora is a key transitpoint as the main railway line fromDar es Salaam branches here forboth Kigoma and Mwanza.

TANGAThe country’s second major port,Tanga is a natural gateway to theAmani Nature Reserve, the AmboniCaves, Tongoni Ruins and bothMkomazi and Saadani NationalParks.

Towns and Cities

KIA

Zanzibar

LakeNatron

NgorongoroCrater

Serengeti

Robanda Safari Camp

Ikoma Tented Camp

Tindiga Tented Camp

Lake Natron Tented Camp

Kia Lodge

Kinyanguru Tented Camp

Unguja Lodge

Che Che Vule

Selous Wilderness Camp

Fumba Beach Lodge

The Swahili House

Arusha Safari Lodge

Whistling Thorn Tented Camp

Migunga Tented Camp

Crater Forest Tented Camp

Lake Manyara

Lake Eyasi

Arusha

Tarangire

Selous GameReserve

Moivaro Lodge

Moivaro Lodges & Tented CampsT A N Z A N I A

marketing@moivaro.com www.moivaro.com

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Mwanza

Musoma

Karatu

Mkomazi

National Park

Lake Rukwa Great Ruaha River

Lindi

Bagamoyo

Rubondo IslandNational Park

Butiama

SaananeIsland

Tourist Map of Tanzania

marketing@moivaro.com www.moivaro.com

Moivaro Lodges & Tented CampsT A N Z A N I A

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For more information contact:The Conservator, Ngorongoro Conservation Area AuthorityPO Box 1, Ngorongoro Crater, Arusha, TanzaniaTel +255 27 253 7019/06 Fax + 255 27 253 7007E-mail: ncaa_faru@cybernet.co.tz www.ngorongorocrater.org

Welcome to the eighth Wonder of the World...the Ngorongoro Conservation Area

A world natural and cultural heritage site; an international man and biosphere reserve; a home to both the ‘big five’ and pastoralists; the ‘cradle of mankind’;

and a ‘living Eden’ for tourists

The best developed ofTanzania’s tourism routes isknown as the Northern Circuit.

Here there’s the chance to see the‘big five’ - elephant, leopard, lion,rhino and buffalo - and huge herdsof wildebeest and zebra on theirannual migration. The circuit includes many of the

country’s most famous nationalparks, Arusha, Lake Manyara,Tarangire and the Serengeti as wellas famous landmarks such as theNgorongoro Crater, the OlduvaiGorge and Africa’s highestmountain, Mount Kilimanjaro.

ARUSHA NATIONAL PARKJust 32 km away from the town ofArusha is the Arusha National Parkwhich was described by Sir JulianHuxley as “a gem amongst parks.”It consists of three spectacular

features, the Momela Lakes, MountMeru and the Ngurdoto Crater. On clear days magnificent views

of Mount Kilimanjaro can be seenfrom almost any part of the park.The vegetation and wildlife varieswith the topography, which rangesfrom forest to swamp. The park isfamous for its 575 species ofbirdlife, both migrant and resident,and black and white colobusmonkey - the only place they maybe seen on the Northern Circuit.Elephant are rare, and lion absentalltogether, but other animalsfrequently seen in the park arebaboon, buffalo, giraffe, hippo,hyena, warthog, zebra and a widerange of antelope species includingdik dik and waterbuck. Leopard areever-present but, as always, difficultto find. An area of adjoining landwas recently incorporated into the

park increasing its size to 550 sq km.Tourist attractions include canoesafaris on the Momela lakes,walking safaris around the rim ofthe Ngurudoto Crater, and three orfour day climbs of Mount Meru -good acclimatisation for Kilimanjaro.

Getting there: A short drive fromArusha or Kilimanjaro Airport.

KILIMANJARO NATIONALPARKAt 5,895m, Mount Kilimanjaro isthe tallest free-standing mountain inthe world, so it can truly beregarded as the roof of Africa. “Aswide as all the world, great, highand unbelievably white,” was ErnestHemingway’s description. Now aWorld Heritage site, its outstandingfeatures are its three major volcaniccentres, Shira in the west, Mawenziin the East and the snowcapped

Kibo in the centre. The forests of thesurrounding national park areinhabited by elusive elephant,leopard, buffalo, bushbuck, theendangered Abbott’s duiker, andnumerous other small antelope,primates and rodents. They arehowever difficult to see due to thedense vegetation.

Getting there: A two hour drivefrom Arusha or one hour fromKilimanjaro International Airport.

LAKE MANYARA NATIONALPARKThis park is famous for its tree-climbing lions, which spend most ofthe day spread out along thebranches of Acacia trees six toseven metres above the ground.Nestling at the base of the GreatRift Valley escarpment the park isnoted for its incredible beauty. As

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The Northern Circuit

TANZANIAEXPERIENCE.COM

visitors enter the gate they pass intothe lush forest, home to troops ofbaboons and both blue and vervetmonkeys.Further along the forest opens up

into woodlands, grassland, swampsand beyond these the soda lakeitself, covering 200 sq km andsanctuary to over 400 species ofbird including flamingo, pelican,storks, sacred ibis, cormorants andEgyptian geese. The park is particularly noted for

its huge herds of buffalo andelephant. Also giraffe, hippo,reedbuck, warthog, wildebeest,zebra and a great variety of smalleranimals.

Getting there: A half hour flightfrom Arusha or a 90 minute driveen route to the nearby NgorongoroCrater, the Olduvai Gorge and theSerengeti.

MKOMAZI NATIONAL PARKTanzania’s newest national park, thisformer game reserve contains 90%of all botanic species found inTanzania with one third classified asunique in the world. It is also hometo the Mkomazi Rhino Project. Thisinvolves the re-introduction of anumber of black rhino from SouthAfrica which, it is hoped, will breedbefore being relocated to traditionalnatural habitats within Tanzania. TheCaptive Breeding Programme for theAfrican wild dog is another projectfor the preservation of endangeredspecies that is based in Mkomazi.

Getting there: By road fromArush, Moshi or Tanga.

NGORONGORO CRATERThe Ngorongoro Crater, at 2,286 m.above sea level, is the largestunbroken caldera in the world.

Surrounded by very steep wallsrising 610 metres from the craterfloor, this natural amphitheatremeasures 19.2 km in diameter and304 sq km in area. It is home to upto 30,000 animals, almost halfbeing wildebeest and zebra. Buffalo,elephant, hippo, hyena, jackal, lion,ostrich, serval, warthog, bushbuck,eland, hartebeest, reedbuck,waterbuck and huge herds of bothThomson’s and Grant’s gazelle areeasily seen on the crater floor.Thanks to anti-poaching patrols, thecrater is now one of the few placesin East Africa where visitors can becertain of seeing black rhino, withthe number now approaching 25.Leopard may occasionally be seenin the trees of the forest surroundingthe crater while cheetah are alsopresent but rarely seen.

Large herds of giraffe live on the rimof the crater and will be seen on thedrive to Olduvai Gorge and theSerengeti.Countless flamingo form a pink

blanket over the soda lakes whilemore than 100 species of birds notfound in the Serengeti have beenspotted.The crater, which has been

declared a UNESCO WorldHeritage site, lies within theNgorongoro Conservation Area,which covers more than 8,300 sqkm. It is bounded by Lake Eysai inthe southwest and the Gol Mountainsin the north. Roughly in the centre isthe Olbalal Swamp and the aridOlduvai Gorge.

Getting there: A three hour drive,or one hour flight, from Arusha. Atwo hour drive from Tarangire orsome 90 minutes from Manyara.

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OLDUVAI GORGELocated within the NgorongoroConservation Area, a short drive offthe main road between Ngorongoroand the Serengeti, the name Olduvaiderives from Oldupai, which is theMasai word for the type of wild sisalthat grows in the gorge.It was here that, in 1959, Dr Louis

Leakey and his wife Mary discoveredthe skull of first Zinjanthropus Boisei,or “nutcracker man”, and then, ayear later, the remains of HomoHablis or “handy man” at that timeregarded as mankind’s first step onthe ladder of human evolution.Many more fossils have since beendiscovered including those ofprehistoric elephants, giant hornedsheep and enormous ostriches. Thereis a small museum and anobservation platform, overlooking thegorge, where visitors can listen to aninformative talk.

Getting there: A four hour drive,or one hour flight, from Arusha. Atwo hour drive from Lake Manyaraor Tarangire National Park.

SERENGETI NATIONAL PARKThe Serengeti National Park isarguably the best known wildlifesanctuary in the world.“Serengeti” means “endless

plains” in the Masai language, andwithin its boundaries are more thanthree million large mammals. Some35 species of plains animals may beseen here including the so-called“big seven” - buffalo, elephant, lion,leopard, rhino, cheetah and Africanhunting dog. Unfortunately very fewof the latter remain in the Serengeti.Originally exterminated as a threatto domestic stock they have morerecently become victims of distemper.However, after being decimated

by poaching, the black rhinopopulation of the Serengeti hasdeveloped well in recent yearsthanks to constant surveillance andthe shielding of the animals frommass tourism. There are now around30 black rhinos in the Moru Kopjesarea but they may be difficult to seeas visitors are only allowed to drivethrough the area on certain roads.

White rhinoceros are not found inthe Serengeti.In May or early June, huge herds

of wildebeest and zebra begin theirspectacular 600 mile pilgrimage. Intheir wake follow the predators -lion, leopard, cheetah, hyena andjackal - while vultures circleoverhead and some of Africa’sbiggest crocodile lie in wait.Other animals frequently seen in

the Serengeti include baboons,caracal, civet, bat-eared fox, genet,giraffe, hippo, honey badger, hyrax,mongoose, ostrich, serval, bothGrant’s and Thomson’s gazelle,vervet monkeys and some 20 typesof antelope including eland,hartebeest or kongoni, impala,kudu, reedbuck, roan, topi,waterbuck and the much smaller dikdik, duiker, klipspringer and oribi.There is, of course, also a

profusion of birdlife. Over 500species including bustards, cranes,eagles, herons, owls, storks, vulturesand the bizarre, long-leggedsecretary birds.

Getting there: A six hour drive, orone hour flight, from Arusha, or atwo and a half hour drive fromMwanza.

TARANGIRE NATIONAL PARKClose to Arusha, 118 km away,Tarangire National Park gets its namefrom the river that threads its waythrough the length of the reserve. It is famous for its dense wildlife

population which is most spectacularbetween June and September, thedry period. During this time thousands of

animals - elephant, buffalo, giraffe,eland, hartebeest, kudu, wildebeestand the rarely seen oryx andgerenuk - migrate from the dryMasai steppe to the Tarangire Riverlooking for water. Lion, leopard andother predators follow the herds.Tarangire has the largest populationof elephant of any park in thenorthern circuit and is also home to550 varieties of bird.

Getting there: A 90 minute drive,or 30 minute flight, from Arusha.

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ngorongoro conservation area - tanzania

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The Ngorongoro Crater

The Ngorongoro ConservationArea is a UNESCO WorldHeritage Site, and International

Biosphere Reserve, covering almost8,300 sq km with altitudes rangingbetween 1,020m to 3,577m.Frequently referred to as the eighthwonder of the world, the areaencompasses a blend of landscapes,archaeological sites, people andabundant wildlife that is unsurpassedin Africa. Featuring volcanoes,grasslands, waterfalls and forests, itis home to the nomadic Masai.The centrepiece, and majorlandmark, of the Conservation Areais the breathtaking NgorongoroCrater, a natural amphitheatresurrounded by steep walls rising over600 metres from the crater floor. It isone of the world's greatest naturalspectacles whose magical setting and

plentiful wildlife never fail to thrill.The crater is a natural sanctuary forsome 30,000 animals including the‘big five’ of buffalo, elephant,leopard, lion and rhino. It is alsohome to cheetah, hartebeest, hippo,hyena, jackal, reedbuck, serval,warthog, waterbuck, wildebeest,zebra and a great many bird andinsect species.Close to the Ngorongoro Craterthere are two less famous, and lessvisited, craters ideal for walking andhiking safaris.Empakaai Crater is about 6 km widewith steep walls rising to almost300m. Nearly half of the crater flooris covered by a deep salt water lakebut eland and waterbuck may beenseen. The trail down to the craterfloor offers spectacular views of a stillactive volcano, Oldoinyo Lengai,

and, on a clear day, the snowy peaksof Mount Kilimanjaro. On the waydown to the lake there are buffalo,bushbuck, blue monkeys and rarebirds, such as sunbirds and turacos.Olmoti Craters's floor is shallow andcovered with grass where, in additionto the Maasai and their livestock,buffalo, eland and reedbuck may beseen. The Munge River crosses thecrater before falling hundreds ofmetres in a spectacular waterfall. Yet another attraction of theNgorongoo Conservation Area isOlduvai Gorge, the site where, in1959, Dr Louis Leakey and his wifeMary discovered the remains of whatwas regarded as man’s first step onthe ladder of human evolution.The Ngorongoro Conservation AreaAuthority was established in 1959, topioneer this multiple land use in

which conservation, tourism andpastoral activities co-exist in carefullymanaged harmony.

For further information contact:The Conservator

Ngorongoro Conservation Area AuthorityPO Box 1, Ngorongoro Crater,

Arusha, TanzaniaTel +255 27 253 7019/06Fax +255 27 253 7007

E-mail: ncaa_faru@cybernet.co.tz www.ngorongorocrater.org

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The Great Migration

TANZANIA

KENYA

The Serengeti is famed for itsannual migration when morethan 1,500,000 wildebeest and

500,000 Thomson Gazelle followsome 200,000 zebra in a 2,000 kmround pilgrimage in search of freshgrazing and water. It is “the greatestwildlife show on earth” and “a oncein a lifetime experience” !Wildebeest feed only on new shootsand very short grass but do, ofcourse, eat the longer grass once ithas been ‘trimmed’ by zebra orbuffalo. It is for this reason theyfollow the zebra. Eland and Thomson’s gazelle alsomigrate but instead of following themain migration they just alternatebetween the plains and thewoodlands. Grant’s gazelle do notmigrate as they are not sodependant on water. They move onlylocally and, in many cases, in the

opposite direction to the migratoryspecies.Predator versus prey dominates themigration. Lion, leopard, cheetah,hyena and a host of other, smallerpredators, watched by the ever-present vultures, gorge on theirannual feast while, in the rivers, giantcrocodile wait their turn.The best time to see the migration isbetween June and August when thewildebeest congregate and prepareto cross the Grumeti River. Howeverboth the route and timing of themigration are unpredictable sovisitors must plan carefully to beassured of seeing the spectacle.During December to May theanimals are found on the short grassplains around Lake Ndutu, the GolMountains and the Moru Kopjes inthe south of the park. December is apeak month for zebra foaling and

February the main month forwildebeest calving.Then the migrations starts as vastherds, in columns over 40 km long,head north towards Kirawira andMbalageti, in the Western corridor,before crossing the crocodile-infestedGrumeti River into the GrumetiGame Reserve and the IkorongoWildlife Management Area.Meanwhile some smaller herds movedirectly north through the Seroneraarea, while others travel up theeastern boundary of the park throughthe Loliondo and Lobo areas.All routes eventually crossing theMara River, where the animals faceanother life threatening experience,into Kenya’s Masai Mara.Finally, in November, the herds starttheir trek back through the Serengetiarriving at the short grass plainsready to give birth again.

And so the cycle continues ! As it hasfor over a million years !

For further information contact:The Director General

Tanzania National ParksPO Box 3134, Arusha, Tanzania

Tel: +255 27 250 3471Fax: +255 27 250 8216

E-mail: info@tanzaniaparks.comwww.tanzaniaparks.com

Kearsleys Travel & Tours (est. 1948)visit.tanzania@kearsleys.com

www.kearsleys.com+255.22.213.7713

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Less frequented than the nationalparks in the north, the southernparks provide a sense of

African adventure unsurpassedanywhere else on the continent. The principal areas are the Selous

Game Reserve and the Mikumi,Ruaha and Udzungwa MountainsNational Parks.

MIKUMI NATIONAL PARKLocated north of the Selous Reserve,less than 300 km. from Dar esSalaam, is the Mikumi NationalPark. Because of its accessibility it isone of the most popular parks inTanzania and is an important centrefor education where students go tostudy ecology and conservation. The Mikumi flood plain, with its

open grasslands, dominates the parktogether with the mountain rangesthat border the park on two sides. Awide range of wildlife inhabits its3,230 sq km area. Lion is commonlyseen as are packs of wild dog, rareelsewhere in Africa. Elephant maybe encountered and other animalsfrequently observed are buffalo,civet, eland, giraffe, impala, kudu,reedbuck, warthog, waterbuck,wildebeest, zebra and Lichtenstein’shartebeest. Near the southernboundary of the park it is possible tosee groups of female and youngbachelor sable with their onedominant male. Crocodiles, monitor lizard and

giant python are among the park’smany other residents.

At the southern end of the floodplain, in the Kikoboga area, familiesof yellow baboon live whilewallowing hippos are frequentlyjoined in their pools by flocks ofopen-billed storks, hunting formolluscs.Over 400 species of birds have

been observed in the park, many ofwhich are Eurasian migrants whostay between October and April.

Getting there: A four hour drive,or a one hour flight, from Dar esSalaam.

RUAHA NATIONAL PARKRecently expanded to become thelargest national park in East Africaand, after Kafue National Park inZambia, the second largest in

Africa, Ruaha is home to more than10,000 elephant. Its name derivesfrom the Great Ruaha River whichflows along its eastern border,creating spectacular gorges. Flowinginto the Rufiji River, the Great Ruahais home to hippo and crocodile.Various antelope species, such aseland, grant’s gazelle, impala,greater and lesser kudu, reedbuck,waterbuck and the rare sable androan antelope thrive in thegrasslands bordering the riveralongside buffalo, giraffe andzebra. Predators include lion,leopard, cheetah, both striped andspotted hyena, and wild dog – orAfrican hunting dog as they shouldcorrectly be called.Birdlife is prolific, over 370

The Southern Circuit

species have been recorded, someof which are not found in northernTanzania. Eurasian migrants flock toRuaha twice a year - March to Apriland October to November - joiningthe resident kingfishers, hornbills,sunbirds, egrets and plovers. Best months for game viewing are

during the dry season from July toNovember, when the animals areconcentrated around the shrinkingwater-courses. The park has anairstrip for light aircraft on thewestern bank of the river.

Getting there: Up to a ten hourdrive, or a one and a half hourflight, from Dar es Salaam.

SELOUS GAME RESERVEThe Selous Game Reserve is thelargest wildlife area in Africa. AUNESCO World Heritage site, thispristine, uninhabited area is largerthan Switzerland. Selous boasts Tanzania’s largest

population of elephant as well as large numbers of lion,leopard, African hunting dog,buffalo and hippo. Only in theSerengeti will visitors see a greaterconcentration of wildlife.Once home to over 3,000 black

rhino there are sadly now only a fewhundred left. They tend to hide in thedense thickets but sightings are

possible. Species commonly seen arebushbuck, red and blue duikers,eland, hartebeest, hyena,klipspringer, impala, giraffe, oryx,reedbuck, waterbuck and zebra.Yellow baboon and vervet and bluemonkey are always a common sightwhile families of black and whitecolobus may sometimes be seenmoving from tree to tree.Endangered red colobus inhabit onlythe west of the reserve but visits toobserve this rare breed can bearranged.The bird-life in the Selous is

prolific and the 400 speciesrecorded include the globallythreatened wattled crane and thecorncrake.The topography of the park varies

from rolling savannah woodland,grassland plains and rocky outcropscut by the Rufiji River and itstributaries, the Kilombero andLuwegu, which together cover thegreatest catchment area in EastAfrica. The Rufiji, which flows fromnorth to south, provides the life-blood of the Selous and sailing orrafting down the river is a superbmethod of seeing game, especiallyduring the dry season between Juneand October. Crocodiles, hippo anda vast array of grazing antelope willbe seen.

Linked to the Rufiji is LakeTagalala, where elephant, giraffe,waterbuck, reedbuck and bushbuckgather at the water’s edge. In thelong grassland, safari enthusiastsmay even get a chance to see raresable antelope, greater kudu - orlion.The park gets its name from the

hunter-explorer Frederick CourtneySelous, whose books were bestsellers in Victorian England.Walking safaris, game drives and

boat trips may be organised. Thebest time to visit is during the dryseason, when game is forced fromhiding places to the river to drink.The waters of the Kilombero

Game Controlled Area are home tothe ferocious tiger fish and vanducatfish, the latter equipped with aprimitive set of lungs which allows itto migrate from one landlocked poolto another.

Getting there: Between a sevenand nine hour drive, but only in thedry season, or a one and a halfhour flight from Dar es Salaam.

UDZUNGWA MOUNTAINSNATIONAL PARKUdzungwa Mountains National Parkis a conservation area of about2,000 sq km. It lies in the Iringa andMorogoro regions of south-centralTanzania where it is bordered by the

Great Ruaha River to the north andby the road between Mikumu andIfakara to the east. The major attraction of the park is

its bio-diversity and uniquerainforest where many rare plants,not found anywhere else in theworld, have been identified. Theserange from a tiny African violet to30 metre high trees. It is for thisreason that Udzungwa is beingproposed as Tanzania’s eighthWorld Heritage Site.The park is home to eleven types

of primate. Five of these are uniqueto Udzungwa, including theendangered Iringa red colobusmonkey and the Sanje crestedmangabey. The plateau also supportspopulations of elephant, buffalo, lionand leopard. Visitors should notexpect to necessarily see these largerspecies however as they tend to befound in the less accessible area ofthe park. Bush baby, or galago asthey are sometimes called, bush pig,civet, duiker, honey badger andthree types of mongoose are morelikely to be seen.The park is also home to a

number of rare forest birds many ofwhich are only found in this area ofTanzania.

Getting there: A five hour drivefrom Dar es Salaam.

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Tanzania’s Other Parks

In addition to the nine parks ofthe northern and southerncircuits Tanzania has six, soon to

be seven, other national parks toexplore.

GOMBE NATIONAL PARKA mountainous strip bordering theshores of Lake Tanganyika, 16kmnorth of Kigoma. Gombe iscurrently Tanzania's smallest park.It covers just 52 sq km and is onlyreachable by boat from Kigoma.Gombe offers visitors the rarechance to observe the chimpanzeecommunities made famous byBritish explorer Jane Goodall. Anumber of monkey species canalso be seen including red colobus,red-tail and blue monkeys. Thearea is heavily forested making itunsuitable for carnivores and safe

for walking safaris. Birdwatcherswill be richly rewarded.

Getting there: By air from Arushaor Dar es Salaam. Or by road ortrain to Kigoma and then a onehour boat trip.

KATAVI NATIONAL PARKRecently extended southward tocover some 4500 sq km the mainfeatures of Tanzania's third largestpark, located about 40 km south-east of the town of Mpanda, areLake Katavi, with its vastfloodplains, the palm-fringed LakeChala and the Katuma River. Thepark is noted for its Miombowoodland and is home to buffalo,elephant, leopard, lion and zebra.Antelope species include eland,impala, topi, roan, and sable.Water fowl are abundant with Lake

Chala particularly rich in bird-lifewith over 400 species recorded.Katavi also boasts Tanzania'sgreatest concentration of hippoand crocodile.

Getting there: By chater flightfrom Arusha or Dar es Salaam. Ora day's drive from Mbeya or, in thedry season, Kigoma.

KITULO PLATEAU NATIONALPARKOne of the two more recentlygazetted national parks, Kitulo isthe first park in tropical Africa to berecognised largely for its floristicsignificance. Known locally as‘God’s Garden’ or the ‘Serengeti ofFlowers’, Kitulo plateau has hadover 350 species of plantsdocumented to date. These include45 species of orchids, many of

which are not found anywhere elsein the world. Also only found in Kitulo, and

the Nundulu Mountain Reserveadjacent to Udzungwa MountainsNP, the Kipunji - or HighlandsMangabey - is the rarest monkey inAfrica. First discovered in 2003 itwas the first new monkey genusestablished since 1923.The plateau is also home to

some important bird species, againmany endemic to Tanzania,including the endangered blueswallow, Denham’s bustard,mountain marsh widow, Njombecisticola, and Kipengere seedeater.Some of the world’s rarestbutterflies also inhabit the area.

Getting there: By road from Dares Salaam to Chimala, via Mbeya,and then only by a 4x4 vehicle.

MAHALE MOUNTAINSNATIONAL PARKThe other sanctuary of thechimpanzee, Mahale MountainsNational Park, is only reached bycharter flight or by boat fromKigoma. Covering an area ofapproximately 1,600 sq km, thepark's western boundary is theshore of Lake Tanganyika. Thechimpanzee population isestimated at around 1,000 andthey may be observed in theirnatural habitat in groups of up to30. Yellow baboons, red colobus,red-tailed and vervet monkeys alsolive in the park and are commonlyseen as are bush-babies, bush-pigs, bushbuck, blue duiker, civet,hyrax and white-tailed mongoose.Buffalo, elephant, giraffe, leopard,lion, porcupine and other varioustypes of antelope are also presentbut will prove more difficult tofind. Lake Tanganyika is home tomore than 250 species of fish.

Getting there: Between a fourand a nine hour boat trip,

depending on the boat, fromKigoma. Or a two hour flight fromArusha or Dar es Salaam.

RUBONDO ISLAND NATIONALPARKA water wonderland comprisingRubondo Island and nine smallerislands tucked into a corner of LakeVictoria north-west of Mwanza. Thepark provides a variety of habitatsranging from savannah to openwoodland, dense forest, papyrusswamps and sandy beaches. Thereis also a wide variety of animalsincluding bushbuck, crocodile,elephant, genet, giraffe, hippo,mongoose, vervet monkey and thereclusive sitatunga - a shaggycoated aquatic antelope. Thebirdlife is unique with bee-eaters,fish eagle, heron, ibis, malachitekingfishers, paradise flycatchers,spoon-billed and saddle-billed storkflocking to ‘Bird Island’ to breed.

Getting there: By air from Arushaor Mwanza. Or by road fromMwanza and then a boat transfer.

SAADANI NATIONAL PARKTanzania’s first coastal wildlife

sanctuary is located on the IndianOcean coast some 45 km north ofBagamoyo and directly west ofZanzibar. The park contains manyindigenous species includingLiechtensteins hartebeest and therare Roosevelt sable. A goodpopulation of elephant live inSaadani as do several herds ofbuffalo while numerous largegroups of hippo and crocodileinhabit the nearby Wami River.Lion, leopard, spotted hyena, andblack-backed jackal are present asare eland, giraffe, greater kudu,red duiker, reedbuck, warthog,waterbuck, wildebeest, zebra,yellow baboon and vervet monkey.The bird life is extensive and

includes fish eagle, flamingo andthe mangrove kingfisher.Dolphin are common off the

coast; whales pass through theZanzibar channel, and green turtlebreed on the beach. Saadani village, one of the

oldest communities on the EastAfrican coast, the Kaole ruins andhistoric Bagamoyo are nearby.

Getting there: About a four hourdrive from Dar es Salaam or bycharter flight from Dar es Salaamor Zanzibar.

SAANANE ISLANDSaanane Island, in Lake Victoria, isshortly to be elevated to nationalpark status increasing the numberof Tanzania National Parks to 16. Itwill be the smallest national park inEast Africa covering an area ofonly 0.7 sq km. Saanane iscurrently home to agama lizards,clawless otter, crocodile, impala,monitor lizard, python, rock hyrax,tortoise, vervet and de brazzamonkey, and wild cat but there areplans to introduce new species suchas dik-dik, grant’s gazelle,klipspringer and zebra. Over 40type of resident and migratorybirds may be seen.

Getting there: By air to Mwanzaand then by boat.

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Just the name, Zanzibar, evokesdreams of romance and mysteryand the reality will not

disappoint. Zanzibar - the nameincludes the main island, Unguja,and its sister island, Pemba - has forcenturies attracted seafarers andadventurers from around the world.Now it welcomes a new generationof explorers - those who have cometo marvel at the rich heritage,reflected in the architecture and theculture of the people. Visit Zanzibar’s historic Stone

Town - another of Tanzania’s sevenUNESCO World Heritage sites.Relax on the dazzling white, palm-fringed beaches, where the azurewaters of the Indian Ocean beckonswimmers, divers, fishermen andwater-sports enthusiasts alike. Breathe in the fragrant scents of

cloves, vanilla, cardamom andnutmeg, and discover why Zanzibaris called “The Spice Islands.” Explore the forests, with their rare

flora and fauna. Or visit some of themany ancient, archaeological sites.Spend a few days here before or

after a safari on the Tanzanianmainland or, better still, allocate aweek or two and immerse yourself inthe magic that is Zanzibar.

A Mix ofCulturesZanzibar’s colourful history is an

epic saga of travellers and traders,raiders and colonisers. To its shorescame Sumerians, Assyrians,

Egyptians, Phoenicians, Indians,Chinese, Malays, Persians,Portuguese, Arabs, Dutch and theBritish, each leaving behind a legacyof their stay. From the island thegreat European explorers – Burton,Speke, Livingstone, and Stanley - setoff for their voyages of discoveryinto the vast, uncharted wildernessof the great African hinterland.Bantu tribes from the mainland

were the first inhabitants of theisland, but by 700 AD the IndianOcean trade winds had broughtPersians and Arabs to its shores.

From the beginning of the 16thcentury, for 200 years, Portugueseraiders dominated this part of theEast African coast. Then, in 1652,Zanzibar was invaded by Arabsfrom Oman, signalling the end ofPortuguese domination. SultanSayyid Said moved his capital fromMuscat to Zanzibar in 1840 toexploit the flourishing slave tradeand the island grew in power,wealth and population.David Livingstone strongly

protested against this inhumaneactivity creating a ground-swell of

opposition in Britain. Under pressurethe Sultan outlawed the export ofslaves in 1873. Zanzibar thenbecame a British protectorate in1890 and in 1913 total power wastransferred to the British. Independence was achieved, in

December 1963, under SultanJamshid bin Abdulla but thesultanate was toppled in favour of aPeople’s Republic a month later. OnApril 26, 1964 the republic joinedTanganyika to form the UnitedRepublic of Tanzania.

Zanzibar - the Spice Islands

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The resort is magnificently located in Nungwi on the northwest coast of Zanzibar, widelyconsidered the most beautiful beach on the island, where the absence of tidesguarantees swimming and snorkelling at all times.

The romantic sunsets of Nungwi present an unforgettably unique experience wheredifferent shades of pink, orange and purple blend with the sparkling blue of the IndianOcean.

An oasis of indulgence, this luxurious resort has been conceived to satisfy the needs ofthose guests seeking a deeper and more authentic bonding experience with their holidaydestination.

Our 100 luxuriously appointed, ocean-front accommodations, all decorated withcontemporary, stylish furniture that evokes the island’s Arabic-African colonial heritage,welcome you with timeless comfort.

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StoneTown...It may not have a particularlyromantic name, but Stone Town, isthe capital and cultural heart of

Zanzibar, little changed in the last200 years. A labyrinth of windingalleys, bustling bazaars, mosquesand grand houses whose extrav-agance is reflected in their brass-studded, carved, wooden doors.The National Museum is a good

starting point for finding out more ofthe history and culture of Zanzibar.It opened in 1925 and containsrelics from the time of the Sultansand the early explorers, as well astraditional carvings and exhibits oflocal wildlife, including a goodcollection of birds and reptiles.Another “must” is the House ofWonders, with its pillars, frettedbalconies and intricately carveddoors. It was built by SultanBarghash in 1883. and wasoccupied by the British in 1911when the Sultan moved to the lesspretentious palace, now called thePeople’s Palace, on the other side ofthe street.Next to the House of Wonders is

the Old Fort, built on the site of aPortuguese church when the Arabstook over the island, and now thevenue for many of Zanzibar’snumerous theatrical and musicalevents. Perhaps the most impressive,ornate building is the OldDispensary which has recentlyundergone excellent restorationwork. The High Court and AfricaHouse, a former English gentleman’sclub and now a boutique hotel

offering, supposedly, the best view ofthe sunset, are also worth a visit asis Livingstone House, where theScottish explorer lived for threemonths in 1866 gathering suppliesfor the expedition which was to turnout as his last. At the centre of Stone Town are

the Persian-styled Hamamni Baths,built at the command of SultanBarghash at the end of the 19thcentury while nearby is theCathedral Church of Christ,completed in 1879 on the site of anopen slave market. Echoes ofZanzibar’s more sinister past arealso to be found in Tippu Tip House,built for the notorious slave andivory trader Hamad bin Muhammadel-Marjab, and a former slave pit innearby Kelele Square.

...andaroundNorth of Stone Town are the

former palaces of Maruhubi andMtoni. The ruins of Maruhubi offer atantalising glimpse of the formergrandeur of this palace, built bySultan Barghash in 1880 to househis harem, but burned down in1889. The palace of Mtoni suffereda similar fate. Dating back to theearly part of the 19th century, itonce housed 1,000 people.Inland from here are the Kidichi

and Kizimbani Persian Baths, builtin1850 for the Persian wife of Sultan

Said, and Dunga Ruins, a palacebuilt between 1846 and 1856.Further north are the Coral Cave

and Mangapwani Slave Chambers,used to conceal slaves at night, andTumbatu Island with its Shirazi Ruins.South of Stone Town are the

remains of the Mbweni Palace andChukwani Palace while, to the east,are the Bikhole and Unguja UkuuRuins. The latter is the site of theisland’s oldest known settlementdating back to the 8th century. Stillfurther south is the former walledcity of Kizimkazi, where the ruins ofShirazi Mosque, part of which datesback over 900 years, are found. Acoral stone inscription providesevidence of its age, making this oneof the earliest Islamic buildings inthis part of East Africa.

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TouringZanzibarTours of Zanzibar are a

rewarding experience. Visitorswill travel past fragrant

plantations of cloves, cinnamon,nutmeg and other spices on theirway to numerous places of historicalinterest; to the unique flora andfauna of Jozani Forest; topicturesque fishing villages; and toone of many white sandy beaches.

DHOW CRUISESCruise around the islands on a

traditional Arab dhow whileenjoying a seafood lunch of grilledfish and lobster with an exotic fruitjuice, ice-cold soda, chilled beer orglass of wine. All followed by coffeeand liqueurs as the sun sets.

DOLPHIN TOURSWatching or, particularly,

swimming with dolphins, in theirnatural habitat can be both excitingand educational. However care mustbe taken to avoid disturbing theanimals as this could have anegative effect on their daily life.Dolphins are marine mammals thatspend their entire lives in the water.Like other mammals, they are warmblooded and breathe air. Mostcommonly seen around Zanzibarare the bottlenose and humpbackvarieties although spinner dolphinsare also seen north of the island.

ISLAND TOURSBrilliant white beaches provide the

perfect place to take a break frombusy sightseeing. The beaches are aparadise but there are also

numerous picturesque fishingvillages where the people live asimple way of life, unchangedthrough the years. So, as well as allforms of water-sports, there is alsoample opportunity for fishing or justwatching the activities of the localfisherman. Nungwi, at thenorthernmost tip of the island, offerspossibly the best swimming on theisland. There is also a turtleaquarium there and a boatyardwhere fisherman’s dhows are stillbuilt in the old traditional way.

JOZANI FORESTThirty-five kilometres south-east

from the city is the Jozani ForestReserve, an area of 10 sq km whosethick forests, with trees over 100years old, are one of the lastremaining sanctuaries of the red

colobus monkey. Jozani has beenprotected since 1952 and wasdeclared a nature reserve in the1960s. Several rare and endemicspecies survive in Jozani. Mostvisitors come to see the ZanzibarRed Colobus, which are only foundin and around Jozani but otherresidents include blue, monkey,bushbaby, bushpig, chameleon,civet, mongoose and tree hyrax.There are also two species of verysmall antelope - Ader’s duiker, oneof the two rarest antelope in theworld, and the even smaller suni.Both are extremely shy and unlikelyto be seen. Leopard are also presentin Jozani, a smaller sub-species thanon the mainland, but they are evenless likely to be seen.However the birdlife is extensive

with over 100 varieties recorded.

SHOPPING TOURSZanzibar is a shopper’s paradise.

Stone Town’s narrow winding streetsare crammed with stores sellingantiques, art, books, clothes, coffee,gemstones, jewellery, paintings,perfumes, printed fabrics, silver, teaand, of course, spices. Some shopsaccept credit cards and most willtake dollars.

SPICE TOURSProbably the best way of seeing

the island. While taking tourists on awalking tour, local guides will pluckbunches of leaves from variousbushes and ask visitors to guess whatthey are. Most will be found in theaverage kitchen spice rack - blackpepper, chillies, cinnamon, cloves,coconut, garlic, ginger, lemon grass,nutmeg, turmeric and vanilla.

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The luxury boutique Azanzi Beach Hotel is situated on the palm fringed edge of the North East coast ofZanzibar adjacent to the world acclaimed Mnemba Island Atoll. Relax on the pure white soft sand

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39

PembaIslandFifty kilometres north of

Zanzibar main island anddirectly opposite the mainland

port of Tanga, is the highly fertilePemba Island which, althoughsmaller than Zanzibar, is hillier andgreener and grows three times asmany cloves. Pemba has its owndistinct character with morehistorical monuments, particularlyruined mosques and tombs, than onthe main island; some excellentbeaches; and spectacular diving andfishingIn the centre of the island is

Chaka Chaka, the capital and maintown, where there are remains of a200 year old Arab fort. Some 14km to the west, at Ras Mkumbuu,are the ruins of a 14th centurymosque and some elaborate ‘pillar’or ‘chimney’ tombs used to mark theburial place of prominent Muslims.While 10 km to the south the PujiniRuins feature a fort built around the15th century and known locally asMkame Ndume. Other interestingsites may be seen near Kangagani,Mkamandume, Chakalakati andMtangani Island, on the east coast,and near Wete to the north.Also in the far north of the island

is the Ngezi Forest Reserve, aprotected area containing rare trees– some not found anywhere else inthe world. These include the PembaPalm known locally as the

Mapapindi Palm. The wildlifefeatures the indigenous PembaFlying Fox – really a large bat –blue duiker, civet, vervet monkey,marsh mongoose and tree hyrax.Bird species include flycatchers,hornbills, kingfishers, turacos,starlings and several varieties of owl.Four species – the Pemba scops owl,white-eye, green pigeon and violet-breasted sunbird - are endemic toPemba. The much smaller Ras KiuyuForest Reserve, joined to the northeast tip of mainland by just anarrow strip of land, is home to amuch less impressive range of floraand fauna.

Pemba offers some of the bestdiving in the world although,because of the strong currents, someis best suited to more experienceddivers. Misali Island, to the west ofChake Chake, is now a MarineConservation area, rich inbiodiversity, and with more than 40different species of coral, 350varieties of fish, and five types ofturtle. It is therefore a perfect placefor both snorkelling and diving.There are also some idyllic beacheswhere swimming is possible at bothhigh and low tide. Green turtles neston the western side of the island. Popular dive sites are Emerald

Reef and Wreck Dive, off PanzaIsland in the south, and Fundu Reef,Kokota Reef, Njao Gap, and UvinjeGap in the north-west. Other goodbeaches can be found at Fundu,Varani, Vumawimbi and on thelesser islands of Funzi, Kiweni,Panza and Uvinje.Pemba also offers some of the

best game fishing in the world withbarracuda, billfish, blue marlin,dorado, kingfish, sailfish, tuna,wahoo, and hammerhead and tigersharks all found in the watersaround the island and, especially, inthe Pemba Channel that runsbetween Zanzibar and Pemba. uuu

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ZANZIBAR SAFARI CLUB, P.O. Box 1282, Uroa, ZanzibarFor further information contact Hotels & Lodges (Tanzania) LimitedTel: +255 27 2544595/2544825 +255 754 254600res@hotelsandlodges-tanzania.comwww.hotelsandlodges-tanzania.com

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43

The OtherIslandsUnguja and Pemba islands are

surrounded by more than 20smaller islands. Most are

uninhabited and are located in theZanzibar Channel to the west of themain island. Chapwani, or Grave Island, is the

closest island to Stone Town. It ishome to a number of Christiangraves belonging to British sailorskilled fighting against the Arab slaveships or in the First World War.There is a small beach and a patchof indigenous forest which is hometo blue duikers, enormous coconutcrabs and a colony of fruit bats. Changuu, or Prison Island, is the

most popular island excursion fromStone Town. It is only a short 10minute boat ride and the snorkellingis excellent. There was a prison builton the island but it was never usedfor its intended purpose. One of theisland's main attractions is the gianttortoises which, these days, are nowprotected in a large compound. Bawe Island which lies south of

Prison Island, has some of the bestsnorkelling spots in the archipelago.About a 30-minute boat ride andslightly more expensive than theboat to Prison Island, this island ismuch less visited. In 1870 the islandwas used to anchor the first

telegraph cables to Zanzibar linkingit with Aden, South Africa and theSeychelles. Chumbe Island is a rare example

of a still pristine coral island. A UNProtected Area, it carries theaccolade of “one of the mostspectacular coral gardens anywherein the world”. Tanzania’s first marinepark, and the first privatelymanaged marine park in the world,Chumbe offers visitors theopportunity to snorkel through theshallow-water Reef Sanctuary; scubadive the nearby reefs; explore theForest Reserve with its nature trailsand abundance of local birds and

flora; or visit the historicalmonuments. These include ahundred year old lighthouse and theonly ancient mosque, in East Africa,with Indian architecture.Off the north-east coast of

Zanzibar main island, MnembaIsland basks in its own tranquillagoon. Boasting, splendid beachesand spectacular coral reefs, alivewith fish, it is renowned as theultimate in ‘barefoot luxury’.Tumbatu, the largest of Zanzibar's

offshore islands, is located to thesouthwest of Nungwi and is inhabitedby the Watumbatu people who speaktheir own unique dialect of Swahili.

There are Shirazi ruins on the islandthat date back to the 12th century. In the south-west, Uzi Island is

connected to Unguja by a causeway.It features untouched primary forest,lonely beaches and curious locals. Also in the south-west, near

Fumba, is the Menai BayConservation Area which includesthe islands of Miwi, Komonda,Kwale, Nyamembe, Pungume, andVundwe. It is a sea-turtle breedingarea with several coral reefs anddense mangrove forests. Famous forits humpback and bottlenosedolphins, it was declared a WWFprotected area in 1996. uuu

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FestivalsThe islands of Zanzibar have a

wealth of traditions many ofwhich are recognised in

numerous annual festivals andcelebrations.

EID EL FITRThis is the three day festival thatfollows the end of Ramadan, wheneating, drinking and smoking isprohibited during daylight hours.The date is dependent on the Islamiccalendar but in 2013 festivities willcommence on August 8.

MWAKA KOGWAThis four day festival, which marksthe arrival of the Shiraz New Year,takes place at the end of July.Although celebrated in many partsof Zanzibar, it is in Makunduchi thatthe ancient rites are mostenthusiastically followed. It involveshuge bonfires; mocks fights betweenthe men; and much playful banterbetween the women and theirmenfolk.

NGALAWAAn annual boat race, held everyAugust, featuring the double-outrigger canoes of the local people.

SAUTI ZA BUSARAThis is East Africa’s premier musicfestival and highlights the best musicfrom the Swahili-speaking world.Featuring hip hop, r’n’b, rap andreggae along with the moretraditional ngoma, taarab, mysticand religious music, the six dayevent is held each February. In 2013the dates will be February 14 to 17.Taarab is a form of local music thatis a mixture of sounds and stylesfrom India, Arabia and Africa whileNgoma is a traditional Africandance accompanied by fast,rhythmic drumming. More than 400musicians and artists participate.

ZIFF/FESTIVAL of the DHOWCOUNTRIESZIFF – the Zanzibar InternationalFilm Festival - is the highlight ofZanzibar’s artistic and culturalcalendar. A two week event, heldevery July, it features films fromAfrica and beyond. ZIFF alsoincorporates the annual Festival ofthe Dhow Countries which highlightsthe arts and cultures of East Africa,the Gulf States, Iran, India, Pakistanand the Indian Ocean islands. Themain venue is the open-air theatre atthe Old Fort but events also takeplace at various other venues acrossthe island and on Pemba.

Z hotel, po box 4807, zanzibar, tanzania, tel: +255 774 266 266, www.thezhotel.com, info@thezhotel.com

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This chic, boutique hotel situated in a secluded plot on the corner of an idyllic beach in Nungwi, is located on the northern tip of Zanzibar. It blends elegant, contemporary design with traditional Zanzibari features to create a unique cool and relaxing environment.

Set in a lush, tropical garden with direct access to the white powder beaches

across the Ocean. All rooms feature LCD TVs, DSTV cable television, WiFi and

Remnants of a spectacularhistory give Tanzania’smainland coast an appeal far

greater than just sun, sand and sea.More than 800 kms of coastline,from Tanga in the north to Mtwarain the south, consist of palm-fringed,white sandy beaches looking outover the warm, sparkling waters ofthe Indian Ocean. These offerunlimited scope for big gamefishing, scuba-diving, snorkellingand other varieties of water sports.However insufficient attention isoften paid to the coast’s vast arrayof other natural and culturalresources as, in addition to thebeach resorts to both the north andsouth of Dar es Salaam, there are anumber of other major tourist

attractions. Ancient Bagamoyo, aformer capital city, and the nearbyKaole Ruins; historical Mafia Island;the natural beauty of Pangani;Saadani National Park; and thehistory and culture of the UNESCOWorld Heritage sites of KilwaKisiwani and Songo Mnara.Areas scheduled for development

include the Mnazi Bay area ofMtwara and the Rufiji River delta.

BAGAMOYOOnce the penultimate stop for

slave and ivory caravans travellingfrom Lake Tanganyika on their wayto Zanzibar, the name Bagamoyomeans ‘Bury my Heart’ in Swahili.Missionaries, intent on abolishingthe slave trade, made it the centre of

their activities. The museum has awonderful collection of photographsand mementos relating to DavidLivingstone while a house whereHenry Morton Stanley once livedcan be seen near the beach.Saadani National Park lies 45 km tothe north and the Kaole ruins five kmto the south.

DAR ES SALAAMThe largest city and the economic

capital of Tanzania, Dar es Salaamalso has much to interest touristsstaying in the city before, or after,their safari to the parks and gamereserves in the south.The Nyerere Cultural Centre, a

self-supporting handicraft scheme, iswell worth a visit. Here over 100

young artists can be seen at workproducing various works includingpaintings, carvings, batiks, potteryand weavings. Enjoy the hustle and bustle of the

Kariakoo Market were fish, fruit,vegetables, traditional medicines,herbs and livestock are traded. Themaze of stalls and shops in thebazaar that surrounds the market,are also worth exploring.Nearby beaches include Armani,

Bahari, Jangwani, Kunduchi andOyster Bay. Jangwani and Kunduchialso feature water amusement parks.

KAOLEAbout five kilometres to the south ofBagamayo, at Kaole, are the ruinsof a once prosperous Arab town,

uuu47

The Swahili Coast

48

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49

which was forced into decline by thearrival of the Portuguese in the 15thcentury. The ruins, dating back tothe 13th century, include two coralmosques, one the oldest in Tanzaniaand one of the oldest in East Africa,and numerous Shirazi-style pillaredtombs.

KILWAA group of three former settlements– Kilwa Kivinje and Kilwa Masokoon the mainland and the offshoreisland of Kilwa Kisiwani - Kilwa wasoriginally established as a centre forthe gold trade. Now a WorldHeritage site, it is home to some ofthe most spectacular ruins on theEast African coast. Kilwa Kisiwaniand the nearby Songo MnaraIslands contain numerous ruins manydating back to the 13th century.

MAFIA ISLANDA 20 minute flight south of Dar esSalaam, Mafia Island wasTanzania’s first Marine Park. It is oneof the most exciting diving andfishing areas in the world and ishome to some four hundred speciesof fish and five species of turtle.Sports fisherman flock here for the

superb catches, many of them greatfighters, which include barracuda,marlin, sailfish and tuna. The mainseason is from September to Marchalthough fishing is possible all yearround within the reef and channel.Divers will see a veritablekaleidoscope of reef dwellers amongthe fifty types of coral. These includebutterfly fish, clown fish, lion fishand rainbow fish while, in deeperwaters, they will come acrossgroupers, rays and sharks. The rare

dugong breeds in the Mafia Channelwhile the green and hawksbill turtlenest on the smaller islands.

MIKANDANIThe starting point for Livingstone’sfinal journey, Mikandani is a town,close to Mtwara, on Tanzania’ssouthernmost coast. The Mnazi BayMarine Reserve is nearby as is theRuvuma River, the border withMozambique and home to hippos,crocodile and a myriad of bird-life.

PANGANISituated on the coast two hoursnorth of Saadani National Park, anda further two hours from AmaniNature Reserve, this is a delightfulvillage with its mosque, ancient Arab

buildings and a six km palm-fringedsandy bay.The birthplace of Tanzania’s sisal

industry, and once the major port forthe export of slaves and ivory,visitors can snorkel at Maziwe IslandMarine Reserve, try deep-seafishing, or visit Ushongo Beach some16 km south of the village.

RAS KUTANIRas Kutani, a resort to the south ofDar es Salaam, is ideal for rest andrecreation before or after an excitingwildlife safari.

RUVUMA RIVERThe river, which forms Tanzania’sborder with Mozambique, is hometo hippos, crocodile and, with Mnazi

Bay, forms one of the country’s newmarine sanctuaries.

SAADANINow a national park, and enlargedto over 1,000 sq km, Tanzania’sonly coastal park is situated on theshores of the Indian Ocean north ofDar es Salaam and Bagamoyo andsouth of Tanga.

TANGAThe country’s second, and majornorthern port, Tanga is close to theborder with Kenya. It is a convenientgateway to the Amanai NatureReserve, the Amboni Caves - themost extensive limestone caves inEast Africa - and the new MkomaziNational Park.

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51

In addition to the world-famousMount Kilimanjaro, covered ingreater detail elsewhere in this

publication, Tanzania has manyother mountain ranges and some ofthe largest and deepest lakes in theworld.

EASTERN ARC MOUNTAINSA crescent shaped mountain

range running along the eastern sideof Tanzania. Formed millions ofyears ago, they contain some of themost biologically diverse, andendemically rich, montaneecosystems in Africa. Often calledthe Galapagos of Africa, the rangeincludes the Pare, Usambara,Nguru, Ukaguro, Ulyguru, Ribehoand Udzungwa Mountains.

LAKE EYASIHome to the Hadzabe bushmen,

some of the last remaining hunter-gathers in Africa, Lake Eyasai is asalt lake situated on the southernedge of the NgorongoroConservation Area.

LAKE MANYARASituated in Lake Manyara

National Park, this lake is home tohuge pods of hippo; thousands offlamingo; and large numbers ofother large waterbirds.

LAKE NATRONA soda lake, at the base of Ol

Doinyo Lengai, some 200 km north-west of Arusha on the border withKenya. It is home to thousands offlamingo and the surrounding area,with its streams and waterfalls, isideal for walking.

LAKE NYASASet against the stunning

background of the LivingstoneMountains, and sometimes called the‘Calendar Lake’ because it is 365miles long and 52 miles wide, thelake shores form the border withMozambique and Malawi where it iscalled Lake Malawi.

LAKE RUKWAIn the south-west of the country

this shallow, alkaline lake isTanzania’s fourth largest. It is hometo a large concentration of hippoand crocodile and to the rareshoebill stork.

LAKE TANGANYIKAThe waters of Lake Tanganyika,

the longest and after Lake Baikal inSiberia, second deepest freshwaterlake in the world, contain one of therichest concentration of fish foundanywhere. More than 300 differentspecies live within it. Many are

endemic to the lake but are morefrequently seen, worldwide, in homeaquariums. Gombe National Park and

Mahale Mountains National Parkboth border the lake’s shores.

LAKE VICTORIAThe source of the Nile eluded

19th century explorers but today’stourists can easily view the watersthat supply it. Lake Victoria is by farthe largest lake in Africa and, thesecond largest freshwater lake in theworld. Nearby attractions includethe Bismark Rocks, Rubundo IslandNational Park and Saanane Island.

LIVINGSTONE MOUNTAINSA range of low-lying mountains

that rise precipitously from theshores of Lake Nyasa. MountJamimbi, the highest lakeside peak,rises to a height of 7,870 ft.

MOUNT KILIMANJAROThe crown of Tanzania, the ‘Roof

of Africa’, and one of the sevennatural wonders of the world.

MOUNT MERULocated within Arusha National

Park, and overlooking the ‘safari’town of Arusha,. At a height of14,980 feet it is second to only

Mount Kilimanjaro amongTanzania’s peaks. Its fertile lowerslopes, covered in dense forest,support a diverse wildlife thatinclude buffalo, black and whitecolobus monkey, nearly 400 speciesof bird and, supposedly, leopard.

OL DOINYO LENGAISituated at the southern end of

Lake Natron and know as ‘Mountainof God’ to the Masai, Ol DoinyoLengai rises to an elevation of 9,442feet. It is the only active volcano inTanzania and last erupted in 2007.

UDZUNGWA MOUNTAINSLocated near the western edge of

the Selous Game Reserve, close toMikumi National Park. A smallsection of the mountains fall withinthe boundaries of the UdzungwaMountains National Park wherethere are trails covering the forestand mountain peaks.

USAMBARA MOUNTAINSThis little known mountain range

is one of the gems of Tanzania.Located to the west of the coastaltown of Tanga, and part of theEastern Arc Mountains, theUsambaras offer incredible naturalbiodiversity and are a paradise forhikers and bird-watchers.

Lakes and Mountains

Mount Kilimanjaro is thecrown of Tanzania. Risingabruptly from the open

plains, capped by snow andfrequently fringed by clouds, it isone of Africa’s classic images. At19,344 feet, it is the highestmountain in Africa and the highestwalkable summit in the world. Thediameter of its base is an incredible40 miles.Kilimanjaro is a dormant, but not

extinct volcano. Ominous rumblescan sometimes be heard - and gasesemerge from the fumeholes in thecrater. Although just three degreessouth of the Equator, the peaks ofboth Kibo and Mawenzi havepermanent caps of snow and ice.During their time on the mountain,

climbers pass from a tropical toarctic environment in just a fewdays. The various trails first passthrough lush rainforests beforereaching heather and openmoorland where giant lobelia andhuge, cactus-like groundsel grow.Above this moorland is the almostlunar landscape of an alpine desertwhich stretches between the twopeaks of Kibo, the flat-topped domeat the centre, and Mawenzi, a groupof jagged points and pinnacles onthe eastern side. Inhospitable as this‘moonscape’ may seem, animalssuch as herds of eland thrive there.The highest point on Kibo, and

indeed the whole of Kilimanjaro, isUhuru Peak, with its spectacular

hanging glaciers and stupendousviews of the African plains some20,000 feet below. Also on Kibo isthe slightly lower peak of Gillman’sPoint. These are the goals for mosttrekkers. The peaks of Mawenzi arefor mountaineers only.With the help of porters and a

guide, it is possible to walk all theway to the summit withoutspecialised mountaineeringequipment - or experience - andKilimanjaro can be conquered byany reasonably fit person. There areseveral different routes including

Marangu, the easiest climb andtherefore the most popular,Machame, Shira, Umbwe andRongai. The total climb normallytakes five to six days and involvesfour or five overnight stays incomfortable mountain huts. Fees,payable in US dollars, include parkentrance and accommodation forclimbers, guides and porters but notfood and equipment. Many thousands of trekkers reach

Gillman's Point or Uhuru Peaksuccessfully each year without anyreal difficulty.

To avoid altitude sickness andfailure, it is important to aclimatiseby ascending slowly and steadily.It is best to plan a stay at a Moshi orMarangu hotel - climbing straightafter the drive from Arusha is not agood idea.Kilimanjaro can be climbed at

any time of the year but the besttime is considered to be from Augustto October and January to March.It is wet in the rainforest during therains in April, May, June andNovember. December through toFebruary are the warmest months.

53

Marangu HotelPO Box 40, Moshi, TanzaniaTel: 255 27 2756594/2756361Fax: 255 27 2756591e-mail: info@maranguhotel.comwww.maranguhotel.comor ask your African travel specialist to book Marangu Hotel

� Over 50 years experience arranging Kilimanjaro climbs - all routes

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Kilimanjaro

In addition to the fantastic wildlife,glorious beaches and stunningscenery there are plenty of other

things to see in Tanzania.

AMANI FOREST NATURERESERVEEstablished in 1997, to protect theflora and fauna of the EastUsambara Mountains, the naturereserve is now an eco tourismattraction with an emphasis onwalking and hiking. The area has awonderful collection of birds,butterflies and plants some of whichare only found here. Black and whitecolobus and blue monkeys; ninespecies of African violet, and theNduk eagle owl – a species onlyfound in Amani – are among themany highlights.

AMBONI CAVESAbout 8 km north of Tanga these tenlimestone caves, formed during theJurassic Age some 150 million yearsago, are the most extensive cavesystem in East Africa.

BUJORA SUKUMA MUSEUMAlso known as the Bujora CulturalCentre, the museum is located in thevillage of Kisesa some 20km fromMwanza. Exhibits commemorate thehistory, traditions and culture of theSukuma, the largest tribe inTanzania.

ISIMILA STONE AGE SITEStone Age tools were discoveredhere in 1951. Many fossilized boneswere also found in the area, amongthem those of a mammal related tothe modern giraffe but having amuch shorter neck, and an extincthippopotamus with an unusualperiscope-like projection.

KALAMBO FALLSClose to the border with Zambia andnear the tip of Lake Tanganyika, a215 metre drop makes this one ofthe highest waterfalls in the worldand, after Tugela Falls in SouthAfrica, the second highest in Africa.This area is a breeding ground forthe giant marabou stork. Primitive

tools have been excavated from theKalambo Gorge.

KONDOA IRANGI ROCKPAINTINGSHalf way between Dodoma andArusha, near the village of Kolo, aresome of the finest examples of rockpaintings in the world ! Theseextraordinary paintings, depictingthe animals, customs and people ofthe time, are now Tanzania’s seventhUNESCO World Heritage site.

MBOZI METEORITEA 12 ton iron monolith, the world’seighth largest known meteorite, lieson the slopes of Marengi Hill, off theroad to Tunduma, 70km west ofMbeya. Officially discovered in1930, the absence of legendsrecounting its arrival suggest it wasmore than a thousand years ago.

NYERERE MUSEUMLocated 190 km from Mwanza, athis birthplace of Butiama, themuseum is dedicated to the

achievements of Julius Nyerere, thefounding President of Tanzania.Tours include his mausoleum, histhree residences, and a library ofsome 8,000 of his books.

TENDUNGURUA site near Lindi where, in 1912,German palaeontologists found theremains of several dinosaursincluding the complete skeleton ofBrachiosaurus, one of the largestanimals ever to walk the earth.

TONGONIA small village, 17km south ofTanga, where 15th century ruins of amosque and 40 tombs may be found.

UJIJIA village close to Kigoma fromwhere, in 1858, Burton and Spekecommenced their explorations andwhere, in 1871, Henry MortonStanley pronounced the famouswords ‘Dr Livingstone I presume’.Two engraved plaques and a smallmuseum commemorate these events.

55

Other Places to Visit

56

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With its mountains, ruggedterrain and Indian Oceancoastline, there’s plenty for

the activity enthusiasts in Tanzania.

BALLOON SAFARISHot air balloon in the Serengeti andTarangire National Parks, and overLake Manyara, provide an excitingvantage point for viewing thewildlife beneath.

BUDGET CAMPING Budget camping, as opposed to flycamping at luxurious lodges,involves travelling with all necessaryequipment, setting up camp and,perhaps, cooking your own meals.Very economical - and great fun.

CAMEL SAFARISExplore the bush on the back of the“ship of the desert”!

CANOEINGCanoe safaris in Arusha or LakeManyara National Parks offer anideal opportunity to get close to thewildlife, while kayaking on lakes,such as Lake Tanganyika, areexciting and fun.

CAVINGThe Amboni Caves, just north ofTanga, form the most extensive cavesystem in East Africa. There are tencaves with chambers up to 13metres high which support stalactitesand stalagmites. It is essential caversgo in pairs, with a guide, as therehave been fatalities when peoplehave explored on their own. Thecaves are home to many bats.

DEEP SEA FISHINGSome of the richest sports fishingseas are to be found off the

Tanzanian mainland. Zanzibar,Pemba and Mafia islands, and theKilwa coast, were the haunts ofErnest Hemingway and amongst therecord-breaking prizes to be caughtare barracuda, broadbill, dorado,giant trevally, kingfish, mako, sailfish, yellowfin tuna, wahoo black, blue and striped marlin and tiger and other shark.

DIVINGThe waters of the Indian Ocean,particularly those off the mainlandcoast and around Zanzibar, Pembaand Mafia Islands, provide superbopportunities for scuba divers. Thecoral reefs, teeming with colourfulfish, can be explored on divingexpeditions for both beginners andexperts. Encounters with dolphinsand turtles add to the wonder of thisunderwater world.

FISHINGThe rivers and lakes of Tanzaniaoffer anglers ample opportunity tocast for trout; fish for tilapia or giantNile perch; or do battle withferocious tiger fish

GOLFTanzania cannot be considered themost renowned of golf destinationsbut courses can be found in majorcities. The first nine holes of a new18 hole championship course, builtto USGA specifications, will opennear Kilimanjaro late 2012 with thefinal nine holes ready by June 2013.Facilities for tennis are far morewidespread.

HORSERIDINGEquestrian safaris and horsebackexpeditions allow horse-lovers theexperience of riding across unfenced

uuu57

Activity Holidays

58

- I n You r W i l de s t D reams

info@mbalageti.com www.mbalageti.com +255 28 2622388 / +255 78 4982211

YOU’RE IN TANZANIATwo decades of excellence in runningpersonalised, tailor-made and smallgroup tours to Tanzania

+255 27 254 4037roysafaris@intafrica.comwww.roysafaris.com

59

wilderness, or private game ranches,in close contact with the wildlife.Riders will often see a wide varietyof plains animals and encounterswith elephant are a commonoccurrence in the Manyara andWest Kilimanjaro areas. It issurprising how close one cansometimes come to these animalswhen on horseback, while onoccasions it is even possible tocanter alongside herds of giraffe orwildebeest and zebra.

JET SKIINGJet-skiing is available at severalcoastal hotels.

MOUNTAIN BIKINGCycling up mountains and downvalleys; through deserts and forests;and close to herds of giraffe, zebra,wildebeest and other antelope is anexciting experience.

MOUNTAIN CLIMBINGFor climbers, the major draw is the5,869 metre (19,340 ft.) MountKilimanjaro, covered in greaterdetail elsewhere in this publication. However, Mount Meru, anothervolcanic peak reaching 4,560metres, is also a popular climb,partly because of the lovely floraand fauna which can be observedon the way to the top. It takes about two days to climb this,Africa’s fifth highest peak while OlDonyo Lengai, coupled with a visit to

Lake Natron at the base of thevolcano, is another favoured climb.

SAILINGTanzania’s huge lakes with their off-shore islands are ideal for a leisurelysail on a converted dhow or bananaboat or aboard a luxury catamaran,lake cruiser or yacht.

SEA KAYAKINGEnjoy the waters of the Indian Ocean,and view the marine-life, from adifferent perspective, by sea kayaking

to sand islands, hidden beaches,bird-filled mangrove creeks andfishing villages unreachable by road.

SWIMMING WITH DOLPHINSWatching and swimming withdolphins can be exciting andeducational. However care must betaken to avoid disturbing the animals.

TREKKING AND WALKINGIn addition to the much publicisedKilimanjaro, Mount Meru and OlDonyo Lengai treks there are

numerous trails on Mount Hanang,Africa’s ninth highest mountain, andin the Udzungwa and UsambaraMountains. The Kitulo Plateau isknown as a hiker’s paradise.

WATER SPORTSTanzania’s coast, islands and lakesprovide the perfect setting for a widevariety of water sports. Jet-skiing;kiteboarding and kitesurfing; sailing,canoeing and kayaking; scubadiving; snorkelling, surfboarding;water skiing; and windsurfing.

Situated on the slopes ofMount Kilimanjaro

Specialises in Mountain climbing,Accommodation, Wildlife Safaris,

Eco/cultural tours & Island tours

Keys HotelsKEYS HOTELS TRAVEL & TOURS

P.O. Box 933 Moshi, Tanzania - Tel: +255 2727 52250/+255 2727 51875 • Fax: +255 2727 50073Email: info@keys-hotel-tours.com www.keys-hotel-tours.com

K’s K’s

60

Escape to the Wilderness

ENDLESS VIEWS ACROSS THE SERENGETI • BEAUTIFUL ACCOMMODATION

EXCELLENT SERVICE • FRESH CONTINENTAL CUISINE • ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY

IN THE MIGRATION PATH • NIGHT GAME DRIVES • SWIMMING POOL

info@serengetisimba.com

www.serengetisimba.com

While the sun, safari andadventure options aremore likely to appeal to

the majority of tourists, Tanzaniaalso offers something extra for thespecial interest enthusiast.

ARCHAEOLOGYArchaelogists will be in their elementwhen visiting the world-famousOlduvia Gorgeand nearby Laetoli,the Isimila Stone Age Site, theKondoa Irangi rock paintings, thesite of the Tendunguru dinosaurexcavation and historical sites atKaole, Kilwa and on the islands ofMafia, Zanzibar and Pemba.

BIRD-WATCHERSFor birdwatchers the country is aparadise, with over 1,000 species tobe seen in their varying habitats.Flamingos, pelicans and storks flockin abundance to the lakes as dovarious goose and duck types.Wheeling high in the clear blue

skies are the birds of prey includingeagles - amongst them the Tawnyand the African Fish Eagle - as wellas kites, falcons, hawks andbuzzards. The Sacred and Hadadaibises are other treats forornithologists, while all visitors willwarm to the comical gait of theSecretary Bird.Kori bustards, the heaviest flying

bird, giant ostrich, secretary andweaver birds are other fascinatingspecies so typical of Africa.

BUTTERFLIESAfrica is home to over 3,500 speciesof butterfly and a far greater variety

of moth. Many of these can befound in Tanzania and some are, infact, endemic to Tanzania such asthe extremely rare Urania ripheus orSunset Moth. Lepidopterists will findthe Kitulo, Mahale, Mkomazi andUdzungwa National Parks; theNgorongoro Conservation Area;and the Usambara Mountains,particularly rewarding.

DOLPHIN TRACKINGWatching, and swimming with wilddolphins, in the waters aroundZanzibar and Pemba, can be anexciting and educational experience.However care must be taken toavoid disturbing the animals.

FLOWER LOVERSFor flora enthusiasts the country is averitable wonderland, its ever-changing topography reflected in aplethora of different shrubs, flowers,succulents and trees. Indeed thevariety of eco-systems in Tanzania isconsidered to be wider than in anyother African country.

TRAIN ENTHUSIASTSRail buffs will want to travel on theGreat Uhuru Railway, which goesthrough some of the most stunningscenery in East Africa. It runs fromDar es Salaam, through MikumuNational Park and the Selous GameReserve, to Mbeya and then to

Zambia. Herds of animals can beseen from the carriages.

TURTLESProtected in Tanzania, the fivespecies of turtles found along thecoastline – green, hawksbill,leatherback, loggerhead and oliveridley are increasing in numbers.

WHALE WATCHINGWhale sharks, the largest shark andthe largest fish in the world, whichcan reach lengths of up to 14m andweigh up to 15 tons frequent theTanzania coastline. Humpback andsperm whales may also be seen offMafia and in the Zanzibar Channel.

Special Interest Holidays

61

62

A Luxury Boutique Hotel in the heart of Arusha

info@theafricantulip.com www.theafricantulip.com

E-mail: tilapia@mwanza-online.comwww.hoteltilapia.com

+ 255 28 2500 517/617+ 255 78 4700 500

Hotel Tilapia - MwanzaRelax on the shores of Lake Victoria

Hotel Tilapia - MwanzaRelax on the shores of Lake Victoria

Hotel Tilapia - MwanzaRelax on the shores of Lake Victoria

Hotel Tilapia - MwanzaRelax on the shores of Lake Victoria

What could be a moreimaginative place for ameeting or conference than

Tanzania ?Conference tourism in the country

is booming with national, regionaland international delegates all keento visit the country’s spectacular siteson pre or post conference tours.These range from wildlife safaris tothe some of the fifteen nationalparks; the Ngorongoro Crater; orthe Selous Games Reserve; tospending relaxing days on thebeaches of the Swahili coast or theislands of Mafia or Zanzibar.Luxury hotels in Dar es Salaam

and Arusha offer state-of-the-artfacilities for large meetings but allthe country’s major hotels, and manyof its luxury lodges, both on themainland and on Zanzibar, alsoprovide all the necessary equipmentand services.For that really big convention

there is the Arusha InternationalConference Centre, deep in theheart of safari country. It is a shortdrive from Kilimanjaro InternationalAirport, served by intercontinentaland regional airlines, and there area growing number of internationalstandard hotels nearby to provideaccommodation. Recreational facilities in and

around Arusha are excellent whiledelegates are within easy reach ofmany of the countries NationalParks. Within the Conference Centre

complex there is seating for up to1,350 delegates in the SimbaPlenary Hall, which has asimultaneous interpretation system.

Ten smaller rooms accommodatevarying numbers of delegates from40 to 290. All modern aids areavailable, including video andaudio-visual equipment. Both the Africa Travel Association’s

33rd Annual Congress and theprestigious Sullivan Summit, withover 4,000 participants from 147nations, were held in Arusha during2008 in order that delegates mightexperience the unique surroundingsand take advantage of thespectacular tour opportunities.Dar es Salaam International

Conference Centre is a purposebuilt, state-of-the-art conferencefacility built to provide a venue for

meetings in the heart of the city’scentral business district. It boasts sixmeeting rooms, of varying sizes andcapacities; an in-house 150-seaterrestaurant; a large, roof-top cocktailverandah, and parking for eightycars. Three of the meeting roomshave removable, sound-proofedsliding partitions which can beopened to give a combined meetingarea accommodating up to 300delegates theatre-style. Motivation, team building and the

improvement of relations betweenmanagement and employees are thegoals of incentive tourism. This is avery specific type of business travel,although it is frequently combined

with attendance at a conference orconvention. More and morecompanies appreciate the benefitsgained from incentive tourism. It isthe creative and innovative way toreward and motivate personnel;business partners; and clients. It’stourism with a twist. Whether organising a presentation,

building teamwork, or enhancingsales nothing impresses more than avacation to an exciting destinationcoupled with a unique program oftours and events. So, if planning a conference or

incentive programme, Tanzaniacertainly meets all the criteria !

63

Conferences and Incentives

64

FOR MORE INFORMATION PLEASECONTACT US ON

Tel: +255 (22) 2183718, 2183345Cell: +255 713 227 788

+255 754 780 055Email: greencars@raha.com

rdhanji@cats-net.com

www.greencarstz.com

With 20 years experience Green Car Rentals hasgained a sterling reputation and loyal customerbase for its exemplary service and wide choice

of vehicles.

Green Car offers both, self-drive andchauffer-driven vehicles.

Their fleet includes Toyota Landcruisers, Rav 4,Nissan Terrano/Mistral, Toyoto Corolla Mark 11

and, for larger groups, minibuses.

Green Car Rentals also arranges camping andlodge safaris to many of Tanzania’s most famous

national parks.

CLEANER • SAFER • GREENER

Dar es Salaam

65

The Tanzania CulturalProgramme was launched in1997 to give local communities

the opportunity to improve theireconomic livelihood by participatingin tourism activities.Co-ordinated by the Tanzania

Tourist Board, supported by theMinistry of Natural Resources &Tourism, there are currently over 40initiatives operating in various partsof the country.Tanzania is endowed with the rich

cultural heritage of 120 ethnic tribesand the Cultural Tourism Programmeenables tourists to gain a uniqueinsight into these people’s way oflife.Leave your safari vehicle behind

and walk through the lush tropicalslopes of Mount Meru and MountKilimanjaro.Meet the Maasai and learn of

their almost forgotten traditions anda way of life that is so closely linkedto nature and wildlife.

Listen to drumbeats and interpretmusic and dances inherited fromancient ancestors.Learn the history of the Swahili

Coast. Explore the savannahs oncamelback. Boat down a river, orrow on one of the many lakes.Paddle between mangroves or sail

with fishermen to pristine sandyislands.Climb a holy mountain and

benefit from the diagnostic methodsof a traditional healer.

Taste the local cuisine. Andsample the local brew!And then, in the evening, listen to

ancient legendary tales around anopen fire. An experience you willnever forget.

Visit the people of Tanzania!For further information contact:Cultural Tourism ProgrammeEmail: culturaltourism@habari.co.tzwww.tanzaniaculturaltourism.comwww.tanzaniaculturaltourism.com

Visit the People

66

Nigel Foster would like to thank the following for theirvaluable support and kind assistance. Aloyce Nzuki, DevotaMdachi, Geofrey Meena and all at the Tanzania TouristBoard offices in Dar es Salaam, Arusha and Mwanza.Allan Kijazi, Johnson Manase and Victor Ketansi atTanzania National Parks. Bernard Murunya and VeronicaUfunguo at NCAA. Abubaker Al Amry; Manny Bhamra;Raj Bhamra and Annie Birch; Seamus Brice-Bennett; JulianCamm; Mary Carneiro and Musaddiq Gulamhussein;Suleiman Chasama; Riz Dhanji and Waheeda Essajee;Firoz Dharamshi; Munawer Dhirani; Zul Fazal; Ellis Flyte;Bruce and Jane Fox; Judd Lehmann; Lisa Lind; AkeLindstrom; George Mavroudis and Leonie van de Vijver;Taqi Moledina; Kerry Morreira; Lucy and NdehorioNdesamburo; Shamez Nizar; Sanjay Pandit; Mustafa andAkber Panju; Haridatt Patel and Diamond Carvalho; Gijs de

Raadt and Oscar Sybesma; Paulina Raguz and Sujit Shah;Mehboob Rajabali; Carl Salisbury and Lancy Coutinho;Vandy Sandhu; Mkunde Senyagwa; Harshit Shah; StefanoSoro; and Nigel Vere Nicol.

…andSpecial thanks are extended to Paul Joynson Hicks of BlueMango Photography, who loaned many of the picturesfeatured in this brochure. Paul can be contacted atpjh@bluemango.co.tz Other pictures are courtesy of IanBatchelor; Rob McDowell; the late David Pluth; the ArushaInternational Conference Centre; Busara Promotions; CulturalHeritage; Fundu Lagoon; Harbour View Suites; InfiniteHorizonz; Mkoma Bay Tented Lodge; Moivaro Lodges &Tented Camps; Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority;Serenegeti Balloon Safaris; Serengeti Simba Lodge; SingitaGrumeti Reserves; Tanzania National Parks; The Tides Lodge;and the Tanzania Tourist Board.

AccommodationArusha HotelsAfrican Tulip 62Arusha Safari Lodge 10KIA Lodge 10Moivaro Lodge 10Mount Meru Game Lodge 56Shangazi House 50

Dar es Salaam City HotelsDouble Tree by Hilton 46Hyatt Regency 8Serena Hotel 4

Kilimanjaro HotelsKeys Hotel 59Marangu Hotel 53Mountain Inn 64

Mwanza HotelsHotel Tilapia 62

Safari Camps and LodgesBabu’s Camp 50Crater Forest Tented Camp 10Exploreans Ngorongoro Lodge 18Eco Lodge 67Foxes Safari Camp 24Grumeti Luxury Tented Camp 67Highland Fishing Lodge 24Ikoma Tented Camp 10Intimate Places Camp 56Katavi Wildlife Camp 24Kinyanguru Tented Camp 10Kisima Ngeda Tented Camp 50Lake Natron Tented Camp 10Lukuba Island Lodge 50Mbalageti Serengeti 58Migunga Tented Camp 10

Robanda Safari Camp 10Ruaha River Lodge 24Rufiji River Camp 24Selous Wilderness Camp 10Serenegti Simba Lodge 60Serengeti Tented Camp 10Stanley’s Kopje 24Tindiga Tented Camp 10Vuma Hills Tented Camp 24Whistling Thorn Tented Camp 10

Swahili Coast HotelsLazy Lagoon, Bagamoyo 24Mkoma Bay Lodge, Pangani 49

Zanzibar HotelsAfrica House Hotel 31Azanzi Beach Hotel 37Baraza Resort & Spa 30Barkez Palace 38Beit Al Bahar 38Breezes Beach Club & Spa 30Che Che Vule 10Double Tree by Hilton Nungwi 35Double Tree by Hilton Stone Town 34Dream of Zanzibar 41Fumba Beach Lodge 10Fundu Lagoon Resort 39Hideaway of Nungwi 32Langi Langi Beach Bungalows 38Ocean Paradise 42Paradise Beach Resort 36The Palms 30The Swahili House 10Unguja Lodge 10Z Hotel 45Zanzibar Heritage Hotel 38Zanzibar Hotel 33Zanzibar Safari Club 40

AirlinesFlighlink 60Safari Airlink 24ZanAir 44

Car HireGreen Car Rentals 64

Safari and Tour OperatorsAlbatros Travel 56Alpha Travel 16Amani Tours 54Bushbuck Safaris 20Easy Travel & Tours 61Foxes African Safaris 24Kaskazi Horse Safaris 50Kearsley Travel & Tours 22Leopard Tours 2Masumin Tours & Safaris 63Ranger Safaris 16Roy Safaris 58Shah Tours 64Simba Safaris 26Summits Africa 52Sun Tours 43Tanzania Experience 14

Other Products and ServicesATTA (African Travel & TourismAssociation) 48Arusha International ConferenceCentre 6Ngorongoro Conservation Area 12RSA Motors 65Tanzania National Parks 28

Advertisers Index

Thanks...

TANZANIATRAVEL TIPS

Tanzania Tourist BoardIPS Building, 3rd Floor, PO Box 2485, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Tel: 255-22 2111244/5 Fax: 255-22 2116420 E-mail: info@tanzaniatouristboard.go.tz or md@tanzaniatouristboard.go.tz

PO Box 2348, Arusha, TanzaniaTel: 255-27 2503842/2503843 Fax: 255-27 2548628 E-mail: ttb-info@habari.co.tz

www.tanzaniatouristboard.go.tz

INTERNATIONAL FLIGHTSBritish Airways fly direct to Dar

es Salaam, from Heathrow, threetimes weekly. Flying time isapproximately 9 hours 40 minutes. Other carriers operate to

Tanzania via Europe. KLM, fromAmsterdam, to Dar es Salaam andKilimanjaro daily and Swiss, fromZurich, to Dar es Salaam five timesa week.In addition, Emirates fly to Dar

es Salaam via Dubai; Egyptair viaCairo; Ethiopian via Addis Ababa;Oman Air via Muscat; QatarAirways via Doha; and TurkishAirlines via Istanbul. Numerous regional carriers fly

into Tanzania from Kenya, Malawi,Mozambique, Rwanda, SouthAfrica, Uganda, Zambia andZimbabwe.Domestic carriers such as Air

Tanzania, Coastal Aviation,Flightlink, Precision Air, RegionalAir Services, Safari Air Link andZanAir link the major cities, withtourist attractions and game parks.Air Tanzania, Coastal Aviation,

Flightlink, Precision Air and ZanAirfly between the mainland andZanzibar.

INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTSInternational flights serve Julius

Nyerere International Airport(DAR), 15 km from Dar es Salaamcity centre and KilimanjaroInternational Airport (JRO), 42 kmfrom Arusha and 40km fromMoshi. Zanzibar InternationalAirport (ZNZ) airport is 8 km fromStone Town.

PASSPORTS AND VISASMost visitors require visas with

the exception of citizens of certaincountries of the Commonwealth. Itis advisable to obtain them inadvance from Embassies and HighCommissions as several airlines

insist on them prior to departure.They can however also beobtained, on arrival, at all pointsof entry. Requirements may changeso you are advised to contact theappropriate diplomatic or consularauthority before finalising yourtravel arrangements. Although partof the union of Tanzania, Zanzibarremains independent so,passports/Tanzania visas arerequired even on a day’s visit.

IMMUNISATION AND HEALTHIt is essential that all visitors take

a course of anti-malaria tabletscommencing two weeks beforedeparture. The UK Department ofHealth also recommendsvaccinations against hepatitis A,polio and typhoid. Personalinsurance is advised.Travellers arriving from, or via,

countries where yellow fever isendemic will need a Certificate ofVaccination although vaccination isavailable on arrival.Hospitals provide good medical

care in cities and towns. FlyingDoctors facilities are alsoavailable.

WHAT TO TAKEDon’t forget the camera,

camcorder and binoculars andtake a torch for finding your wayaround your camp at night. Stockup with replacement batteries forall these goods.Take sun-glasses, hat, sun lotion,

lip balm - and some insectrepellent, it is better not to getstung even if you are taking anti-malaria tablets.It’s best to take any medicines

required for the duration of thevisit. A spare pair of glasses orcontact lenses is also a good idea.Take plenty of film, it is difficult toobtain outside the main centres.While traveller’s cheques can be

exchanged in cities and towns,banking facilities in remote areasare restricted, so take plenty ofcash.

TRAVEL LIGHT Some safaris/air charters limit

baggage to a 10-15 kilomaximum.

LANGUAGEEnglish is widely spoken but a

few words of Swahili are alwaysappreciated.

CURRENCYThe unit of currency is the

Tanzania shilling which is dividedinto 100 cents.Most major currencies -

particularly US dollars - andtravellers’ cheques are acceptedand may be converted at banksand bureaux de change in themain towns and tourist areas. DoNOT change money in the streethowever favourable the rateappears.It should be noted that not all

establishments accept credit cardsand certain cards, particularlyDiners and Amercan Express, arefrequently refused even by majorhotels. Mastercard and Visa arepreferred.

ON SAFARIDistances in Tanzania are vast,

and travel by road can be tiring. Itis wise to spend more time in fewerparks. You will see more and won’treturn home exhausted. Keep yourdistance from animals to avoiddistressing them. Always follow theinstructions of your ranger orguide. Don’t leave your vehicle inthe parks except in designatedplaces. Keep to recognised tracksto avoid damaging vegetation.

WHAT TO WEARIt never gets really cold in

Tanzania so lightweight clothing isthe norm. On safari avoid brightlycoloured clothes, they may alarmthe animals. Browns, beiges andkhaki are preferred. Short-sleeveshirts/ blouses and shorts areideal, but pack a sweater, it can bechilly in the early morning and inthe evening. Wear a hat to avoidsun-stroke and don’t forget aswimsuit. Shoes should be sensible- walking through the bush is notlike strolling through Hyde Park -and for climbing Kilimanjaro orMount Meru take thermalunderwear, a rain jacket, goodsocks and sturdy boots. Shorts forwomen are acceptable - but nottoo short. Women should carry awrap to cover their legs in towns orvillages as revealing clothes cancause offence, especially inZanzibar and other Muslim areas.On the beach, and within theconfines of beach hotels, normalswimwear is acceptable but nuditycertainly is not.

TIPPINGNot normally obligatory but a

tip for exceptional service - amaximum of 10% - will beappreciated. Tip $10-$15 per dayfor drivers or tour guides butremember an excessive tip canmake it difficult for the nextcustomer.