Selected - University of Wisconsin–Madison · Sacramento, CA • 3 pre-approved ... Bungalow style affordable housing in single -family neighborhood| Esconondido, CA ... • Walking

Selected“BEST PRACTICES” for

SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES

URPL 912 – Planning Workshop (Fall 2009)

Sustainable Design & Energy Committee (City of Madison)November 16, 2009

Responsive Recognize and reward sustainable actions (e.g., sustainability

awards.) Engage citizens by letting them participate in process.

MAKING SUSTAINABILITY WORK: COMMUNICATION

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Informative Get the word out. City’s achievements gets people

excited.

Partner with schools to engage students and develop a green curriculum.

Inclusive Diverse audiences require

many forms of communication

Build relationships with key stakeholders and community leaders.

June 16, 2009

WASHINGTON, D.C.

Partnership for Sustainable CommunitiesHUD, EPA & DOT

“…will coordinate federal housing, transportation, and other infrastructure investments to protect the environment, promote equitable development, and help to address the challenges of climate change.”

“Livability principles” will guide investments…e.g., affordability = housing + transportation costs

www.dot.gov/affairs/2009/dot8009.htm

MAKING SUSTAINABILITY WORK: FEDERAL PARTNERS

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Encourage Infill & Redevelopment

Arlington, VA

• Mixed-use development located within walking distance of Metro stations

• Despite adding 15 million ft2 of office space & 15,000 housing units along the Metro corridor, auto traffic was reduced by 5% from 1980-2000

• Region’s development footprint has not expanded since 1980

Sacramento, CA

• 3 pre-approved floor plans with 3 different elevations each (1,400-1,670ft2)

• Designed to suit the character & style of the City’s older neighborhoods

• Fits any R-1 or R-2 district

compact development affordability social equityPRECEDENT STUDIES | SUSTAINABLE NEIGHBORHOODS

Metro corridor, looking East to Washington, D.C. | Arlington, VA

Pre-Approved Bungalow | Sacramento, CA

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Green, Affordable Housing


Affordable rental units| Wentworth Commons - Chicago, IL

Wentworth Commons –Chicago, IL• 51 affordable low impact housing units

• Density = 46 units per acre

• Built on a former brownfield site donated by the city

• Mixed use development (residential and supportive services)

• Strong emphasis on sustainable design, resulting in annual energy savings of $20,000 to $25,000 based on 2005 gas prices.

• Tenants pay no more than 30% of income in rent.

• Multiple funding sources

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Access to Jobs and Services


Bungalow style affordable housing in single-family neighborhood| Esconondido, CA

Wentworth Commons –Chicago, IL• On-site case management, employment training, leadership programs, and community space

•Access to mass transit

•Pedestrian and bike friendly. On site permanent bike storage

Murphy Hill – Bay Area, CA• Free unlimited Eco Pass for all residents

Day Break Grove –Esconondido, CA

•Multi-family housing integrated into a single-family detached housing neighborhood

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Historical LRT/BRT ITS rail bicycles/walkingPRECEDENT STUDIES | TRANSPORTATION

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Madison’s Transit Precedent

• Madison historically operated a largely self-financing cable based streetcar system.

• The rail-based system covered most heavy commuter regions of Madison.

• The system was removed in the early 1950s.

• The historical precedence represents a good basis for contemporary discussions of Madison’s transport system.

Source: One Thousand Friends of Wisconsin

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Environmentally friendly, high efficiency transport system.

Light rail and streetcar systems (LRT) are rider friendly and energy efficient.• Portland, OR; Salt Lake City,

UT; San Francisco, CA; and Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN.


Bus rapid transit (BRT) is like an LRT on a budget.• Kansas City, Boston, MA; Ottowa, Canada; Curitiba, Brazil; and Bogotá, Columbia.

Economic development• Mass transit corridors generate economic development, which can be used to help finance them – Portland, OR, New York City

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Make transit times more visible and accessible to commuters.

ITS (Intelligent Transportation System) improves safety, reduces congestion and improves mobility. Los Angeles, CA.

San Jose, CA• Shared rides increased from 38

percent to 55 percent as a portion of all rides provided.

• paratransit fleet reduced from 200 to 130 vehicles, while managing to provide the same level of service.

• The cost per passenger mile decreased from $4.88 to $3.72.

ITS in action | Seattle, WA


Transit arrival LED | Los Angeles

‘Smart ‘Traffic Lights | San Jose

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High speed commuter rail to connect Madison with surrounding hubs.

• Proposed KRM (Kenosha-Racine -Milwaukee) corridor.

Controversial Systems can eventually gain public support.• Seattle, WA. regional system

• Continuous re-proposal• Citizen input in rail planning

process• Demonstrated potential

economic benefits of rail• Involved local businesses

who could benefit (Seattle Mariners, Seahawks, etc)

• Link to AMTRAK, insuring federal subsidy.

A 140mph Javelin train | London

Inside a commuter train| New York, NY


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Increase bicycle and walking options and safetySafe and secure bike parking:•Bike pods - Perth, Australia, Portland, OR.•Zoning code requires bike parking spaces - St. Paul, MN.Complete streets for better pedestrian and bicycle safety:•High visibility bike lanes, New York City, Portland, OR•HAWK (High intensity Activated crossWalK), Tempe, AZCommunity bikes:•Community bike share –Montreal, CanadaPedestrian foot bridges across busy intersections:•Improve pedestrian safety and walk ability.

Transit car with bike rack| Boston, MA

Pedestrian footbridge | Acton, UK


High visibility bike lane | Portland, OR

Dense bike park | St. Paul, MN

leed retrofit monitoring education permitPRECEDENT STUDIES | BUILDINGS

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Incorporate LEED or equivalent standards in all buildings

Green Building Fund – Arlington County, VA

Density Bonuses – Seattle, WA• LEED Silver rating or higher• Penalties for not achieving

LEED rating • $500/day fee starts 90

days after occupancy permit is issued

• Penalties will contribute to a Green Building Fund

Diagram of Green Building Fund | Arlington County, VA

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Green the existing building stock and reinvest in older communities

plaNYC: Greener, Greater Buildings Plan – New York, NY• Energy audits of large

buildings (> 50,000 sq. ft.) are conducted every ten years by the Dept. of Buildings

• Two types of required improvements:

• Retro-commissioning measures

• Retrofit measures• Provides 100% match loans

to buildings that are unable to secure fincancing for the required work


Location of buildings to be audited| New York, NY

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Ongoing performance monitoring and reporting measures

Building Energy Report Cards –Arlington County, VA• Energy usage information

and snapshots by building type

• Evaluation on progress, expected opportunities, and challenges

• Information that is user-friendly and easily accessible to the public

Site energy intensity by building (BTUs/sq. ft.)| Arlington County, VA


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Guidance, education, and outreach

Residents and the Larger Community – Portland, OR• Build It Green! Home Tour• ReTHINK Education Series

Development Community –Santa Monica, CA• Green Building Design and

Construction Guidance (building site and form, building materials, etc.)

Colorado Court | Santa Monica, CAGreen home tour advertisement | Portland, OR


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Priority permitting and plan review process

Green Permit Program –Chicago, IL• More green building

elements = shorter timeline • Green “menu” items:

• Green roofs• Renewable energy• Difficult-to-develop

areas• Exceptional bike

parking• Expedited permit (goal: < 30

business days)


energy 1 energy 2 waste infrastructure water and wastewater PRECEDENT STUDIES | ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES

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Renewable Energy Incentive Rate StructureChelan County Public Utility District, WA Sustainable Natural Alternative Power (SNAP) solar energy with market-driven rate structure.

Rate= SNAP funding / Total Renewable Energy Generated

Consumer Rebate ProgramCity of Delaware, DEResidential Energy Star Appliance Rebate Program provides up to $100 for Energy Star qualifying appliances, e.g., fridges, washers, etc.Ameren, IL$25 rebate incentive for programmable thermostats

Loan ProgramState of MontanaAlternative Energy & Energy Conservation Loan Program for homeowners, small businesses, non-profits, and government entities for sustainable energy installments. Max loan $40,000, fixed interest rate of 3.5%, and up to a 10 yr payback.


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Bio-Energy for TransportationPortland, OR Minimum 5% biodiesel for all vehicle diesel fuel sold in the city.All City-owned vehicles have been powered by a 20% biodiesel blend (20% biodiesel/80% petro-diesel) since 2004.

Building EfficiencyAustralia Energy Efficiency Ratings: A standardized building rating Required to be included in all property advertisements.

White Certificate: Building energy credit and trade system

Community Outreach Portland, OREnergy Advocates help up to 500 qualified Portland homes


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Waste as a ResourceUrban digestion facility provides energy for 1500 homes

Boston, MA

Engaging Businesses and ResidentsBusinesses receive 25% discount on garbage fee for participating in

the municipal compost programSan Francisco, CA

Points awarded to households for recycling, which can be used like cash at local and national retail stores and groceriesNon-profit group RecycleBank & hundreds of U.S. Cities

Recyclemania – 510 collleges compete to recycle the mostAcross U.S. & Canada

Free countertop pails to collect kitchen scraps & green wasteModesto, CA

Policies that prevent wasteMandatory curbside composting

San Francisco, CA

Streetscape ImprovementsLansing, Michigan• Captures runoff from 90% of storm events• 1 of 12 E.P.A. “Smart Growth Streets”• Part of Watershed Management Plan

- Advertised plan on Television to reach diverse audience

Daylight Lost StreamsThornton Creek Water Quality Channel, Seattle• Creek buried and piped in 1950’s• 680 acres drain through site• Combines public space and water treatment• Spurred $200 million in private development

Photo by City of Lansing

Swale

Porous Pavement


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Incentives to Manage StormwaterMinnesota Stormwater Credit System provides:Reductions Up to 50 percent – quality; 50 -100 percent – quantity,Formula based on number Standardized Units (1,530 sq. ft.)

Photo by City of Seattle

NativePlants

Storm SewerDiversion

UrbanInfill

Greywater ReuseState of Montana 2009 House Bill 285 Allows for …• Greywater re-use systems in businesses and multi-family dwellings• Landscape re-use (non-edible use)

2007 Bill made the systems legal for single-family homes.


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Water ConservationWater Efficiency Retrofit KitToronto and Prescott, Arizona• $10 kit includes – low flow shower head, 1 kitchen swivel aerator, 2 bathroom aerators,leak detection kit, Teflon tape, lawn watering evaluation and instructions

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PRECEDENT STUDIES | PARKS & OPEN SPACEpartnerships golf courses green streets tree ordinances

Encourage Volunteering

• Use volunteers to promote sustainability measures in parks• Use the internet to market and provide volunteer information and forms• Create meaningful experiences for volunteers by providing opportunities for specialized training• Provide recognition for volunteering• Approach businesses near parks and open space as volunteers•Track and measure volunteer hours

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PRECEDENT STUDIES | PARKS & OPEN SPACEpartnerships golf courses green streets tree ordinances

Audubon Cooperative Sanctuary Program

• Program helps create an environmental plan for each golf courses• Certification requires implementing environmental management plan and documenting results in:

• Environmental Planning• Wildlife and Habitat Management• Chemical Use Reduction and Safety• Water Conservation• Water Quality Management• Outreach and Education

•Recertification every 2 years

partnerships golf courses green streets tree ordinancesPRECEDENT STUDIES | PARKS & OPEN SPACE

Decatur Street - Edmonston, MD

• Reconstruct streets with sustainability principles

• Predicted to treat more than 90% of pollution from stormwater each year

• Recycled Materials• Complete street (walking,

running, biking)• "Green Street Advisory

Group“• Walking tour (Interpretative

signs)

partnerships golf courses green streets tree ordinancesPRECEDENT STUDIES | PARKS & OPEN SPACE

Tree Preservation Ordinances• Focused on specific trees

Public, Landmark, Specimen, Native, or trees of a certain size

• Clarify the purpose(s) Reduce tree loss during development Reduce tree damage in construction

• Tree protection and replacement actionsTree surveys during development Tree Protection Plans during constructionTree replacement standards

• Enforcement mechanismSet finesWithhold occupancy permitsRequire bonds from developers

hunger & nutrition agriculture infrastructure economic development PRECEDENT STUDIES | FOOD SYSTEMS

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Organic, sustainable agriculture that localizes food systems has the potential to mitigate nearly 30% of global green house gas emissions and save 1/6 of global energy use.

(World Watch Institute)

Components of a healthy food system:• Food Security and Nutrition• Urban and Regional Agriculture• Food Processing and Distribution Infrastructure• Local Economic Development

Pike Place Public Market | Seattle, WA

Community Garden

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Eliminate hunger, increase fruit & vegetable consumption, discourage unhealthy eating

Food waste reduction legislation• Federal Food Donation Act 2008Requires federal agencies to include a clause in all contracts over $25,000 urging the donation of excess food to nonprofits.

Reduced availability of unhealthy foods• Proximity restrictions on unhealthy vending near schools• Moratorium on new fast food establishments

South Los Angeles, CA

Greater access to affordable local food• Farm-to-School Programs• EBT accessibility at all farmers’ markets• Healthy mobile food vendors

PRECEDENT STUDIES | FOOD SYSTEMS

McDonald’s

hunger & nutrition agriculture infrastructure economic development

Farm-to-School Programs expose children to fresh food

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Foster personal food production & community involvement

Community gardens• Demonstration gardens on public land

Washington, D.C.; San Francisco, CA; Springfield, IL

• Public-nonprofit partnerships for education & long-term garden tenureSeattle, WA; Portland, OR

• Identify community gardens as a permitted use in parks & open space areasBoston, MA

Design for food production in new subdivisions• US Green Building Council’s new LEED Neighborhood Design

Backyard chicken coop

PRECEDENT STUDIES | FOOD SYSTEMShunger & nutrition agriculture infrastructure economic development

Troy Gardens | Madison, WI

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Improve regional food production, processing, distribution and disposal capacity

Grow farmers• Growing Power

Milwaukee, WI

Creative lease incentives for food processing Beloit, WI

Permanent, year-round farmers’ market structuresPhiladelphia, PA; Seattle, WA

Invest in green waste-processing • Anaerobic digesters • Mandatory household curbside composting

San Francisco, CA

Will Allen, Growing Power Founder| Milwaukee, WI


Pike Place Public Market| Seattle, WA

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Grow green jobs & demand for local food

Incentivize healthy, green business• Enterprise zones, microloan programs & zoning bonuses

New York City, NY

• Increase mobile vendor permits for healthy foodsNew York City, NY; San Francisco, CA

Green job development• $31 million funding for Green Jobs• Sustainable agriculture = approved for federalgreen job funding

Local food procurement policiesWoodbury County, IA

Market Garden| Chicago, IL


Green Carts| New York City, NY

Thank you

Documents

Selected - University of Wisconsin–Madison · Sacramento, CA • 3 pre-approved ... Bungalow style affordable housing in single -family neighborhood| Esconondido, CA ... • Walking