Serbian partners: Prof. dr R. Folic, dr Z. Brujic, M. BoskovicMacedonian partners: Prof. dr D. Ristic, J. Ristic

Experimental Testing of Large Scale Bridge Model Incorporating Innovative Energy Dissipation Device of Space Bars

FINAL WORKSHOP

NEUM, BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA : SEPTEMBER 12TH TO 14TH, 2013

NATO SfP-983828SEISMIC UPGRADING OF BRIDGES IN SOUTH-EAST EUROPE BY INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES

• Rigid lower RC structure (two parts)

• Separate upper slab, 30 cm depth

• Model length: 830 cm

• Supported length: 520 cm

• Model width: 150 cm

• Approximate scale: 1:9

GEOMETRY

BRIDGE MODEL

• Lower structure weight: 122.3 kN– 65.5 kN + 56.8 kN = 122.3

kN• Upper slab weight: 82.5 kN• Two mid-columns:

– Steel– Different height– RC slab above

GEOMETRY

BRIDGE MODEL

BRIDGE MODEL

• Energy dissipation device • 8 curved bars (components) fixed at their ends• Relative horizontal displacement of top and bottom plates• Bending, shear, torsion• Equal behavior in all horizontal directions • Employs plastic behavior along curved bars

OVERVIEW

DEVICE

• Part 1 – Quasi-static tests– Part 1-A – Components

• Different orientation• Different bar diameters

– Part 1-B – Devices• Different bar diameters

• Part 2 – Shaking table tests– Different excitations

• Different records• Compressed/

uncompressed• Different intensities

– Different devices

CONTENTS

TESTING PROGRAM

• All tests have been carried out during first 3 months of this year

• Part of much more extensive experimental program, which had involved several different innovative energy dissipation devices

COMPONENTS• Bar diameters:

– Ø14– Ø16

• Bar orientations (α): – α = 000⁰ 5001-E1– α = 045⁰ & α = -045⁰ 5001-E2– α = 090⁰ & α = -090⁰ 5001-E3– α = 135⁰ & α = -135⁰ 5001-E4– α = 180⁰ 5001-E5

TESTING PROGRAM

QUASI-STATIC TESTS

DEVICES• Bar diameters:

– 8 x Ø14 5002-E1– 8 x Ø16 5002-E2

• bridge model was used• 4 double spherical rolling bearings• 1 device• device does not carry any vertical load

SETUP

QUASI-STATIC TESTS

• displacement controlled, increasingly cyclic• displacement increase/decrease: ~1.3 mm/s• driven by one hydraulic jack, centric• displacement applied to upper slab • load applying system was supported by lower structure• duration of protocol: about 11 min

LOADING PROTOCOL

QUASI-STATIC TESTS

LOADING PROTOCOL

QUASI-STATIC TESTS

QUASI-STATIC TESTS

DOUBLE SPHERICAL ROLLING BEARINGS

QUASI-STATIC TESTS

DOUBLE SPHERICAL ROLLING BEARINGS - MEASUREMENTS

QUASI-STATIC TESTS

Component testing: 5001-E1 - MEASUREMENTS

• 1 component• ALPHA = 000• welded

QUASI-STATIC TESTS

Component testing: 5001-E5 - MEASUREMENTS

• 1 component• ALPHA = 180• Not welded

QUASI-STATIC TESTS

Component testing: 5001-E2 - MEASUREMENTS

• 2 components• ALPHA = 045• Not welded

QUASI-STATIC TESTS

Component testing: 5001-E4 - MEASUREMENTS

• 2 components• ALPHA = 135• Not welded

QUASI-STATIC TESTS

Component testing: 5001-E3 - MEASUREMENTS

• 2 components• ALPHA = 90• Not welded

QUASI-STATIC TESTS

Device testing: 5002-E1 - MEASUREMENTS

• Ø16 components• Not welded

QUASI-STATIC TESTS

Device testing: 5002-E2 - MEASUREMENTS

• Ø14 components• Not welded

SHAKING-TABLE TESTS

TESTING PROGRAM

• 2 devices– One at each end support

• 4 double spherical rolling bearings– Two at each end support

• Excitation orientation: 45⁰

SHAKING-TABLE TESTS

TEST SETUP

SHAKING-TABLE TESTS

SHAKING-TABLE TESTS

EXCITATIONS

• Functions:– Sine sweep– El-Centro Record– Landers Record– Northridge Record– Petrovac Record

• Time Scale:– Compressed: 0.333– Uncompressed: 1.0

• Intensities (PGA):– 0.30 G– 0.75 G

• Shaking table: – Size: 5.0 x 5.0 m– Payload: 40 t– Max. frequency: 80Hz– Deg. of freedom: 5

SHAKING-TABLE TESTS

DATA ACQUISITION POINTS

SHAKING-TABLE TESTS

50002 - MEASUREMENTS

• Part 1 – MICRO-MODELING• Part 2 – MACRO-MODELING

CONTENTS

NUMERICAL ANALYSIS PROGRAM

Why?• Separate device behavior• Define analytical model of device

Problems:• Device is complex• Connections behavior

– Nonlinear– Multi parametric

Result:• Nonlinear link element for macro

modeling

MICRO MODELING

• Mach with shaking table test results

• Link element verification• Modeling

MACRO MODELING