SEED PLANT REPRODUCTIONGYMNOSPERMS WITH

CONESANGIOSPERMS WITH

FLOWERS

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GYMNOSPERM REPRODUCTION

• TWO kinds of cones on the sporophyte tree• Female cones woody scales on short stem develop

______ ovules on EACH scale (egg cell in each ovule)• Male cones develop _______________ carrying sperm cells. WIND carries pollen to female cone, but MOST of the pollen _______reach the female.• Pollen reaching female cone of same species is

__________ on sticky fluid.• Pollen tube grows from the pollen to the ovule, sperm swims down tube, ______________ the egg cell, ZYGOTE forms that becomes an __________ in the seed.• Time pollen stuck on female cone to mature naked

seed released at least _________ years.

ANGIOSPERM REPRODUCTION

• ALL angiosperms produce flowers, but the flowers do not HAVE to be ___________ (brightly colored) or smell __________.

FLOWER PARTS:• Sepals--outside the petals are small, ________parts that covered the flower ________.• Stamen—the MALE reproductive organ in flower—made up

of an ANTHER on top making POLLEN GRAINS and a stalk-like FILAMENT holding up the anther

• Pistil—the _________ reproductive organ in flower—made up of ______ parts: the ________ STIGMA is the top of the pistil

» the long, narrow STYLE ___________ the» the stigma to the swollen bottom or the

» ________________.» Ovules develop in the ovary, are» ___________________________, and seeds

form in the ovary.

SEEDS BEING MADE

POLLINATION has to happen _________--pollen gets from the anther (_______ of the stamen) to the sticky __________.

Then a POLLEN TUBE grows down through the style to the __________(egg cell inside) in the swollen ________.

The SPERM CELL swims down the pollen tube, _______ with the ovule, (that is fertilization) and now ________ begin to form.

The zygote (1stcell after ______ + _______ join) becomes the ________ EMBRYO part of the seed.

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EMBRYO PLANT • EMBRYO PLANT—made up of cotyledons,

stem and root protected by a seed coat. In the cotyledon is stored food called the ENDOSPERM.

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GERMINATIONSeeds can be dormant (resting) until the

right conditions occur–warm temperatures and water.

Endosperms provide the food needed until the ________________ are above the ground.Monocots leave endosperm underground with roots.Dicots like beans carry the cotyledons__________ the soil, shrivel and fall off.

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SEED DISPERSAL• SEEDS grow inside the

___________--it matures into a ___________ --which can be FLESHY like apples, __________,

__________ or DRY like nuts such as walnuts, _________ or _________.

• FRUITS can be eaten and the seeds will go unharmed thru the digestive tract of the animal, seeds can be blown by the wind, sprung out of capsules (ovaries) float on water (coconuts), get caught in fur or clothing and carried a distance. All of those are ways to scatter (disperse) seeds.

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