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04/04/2015 SeehowTHATcanhelpyoudemystifyalongsentence|eGMATblog
https://egmat.com/blogs/seehowthatcanhelpyoudemystifyalongsentence/ 1/6
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GETTING STARTED HELP VIDEOS SC CR RC GMAT STRATEGY
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SEEHOWTHATCANHELPYOUDEMYSTIFYALONGSENTENCE
InourfirstsessionofVerbalLivePrepSC1HowtoApproachSentenceCorrectionwesawthatsimplifyingthe
sentencestructurehasatwofoldeffect.Firstly,ithelpsclarifythe(intended)meaning.Secondly,ithelpsyouidentifyerrors.Wealsosawthatselectingthecorrectanswerbecomesmucheasieronceyouhaveaclearunderstandingofmeaningandidentifytheerrorsintheoriginalsentence.Clickontheimagetoviewtherecordingofthestrategysession.Purposeofthisarticle:Inthisarticle,wewillseehowknowledgeofthevarioususesofthatcanbeleveragedtosimplifythesentencestructure.
QWhatdoyoumeanbysimplifyingthesentencestructure?Whenwesimplifythesentencestructure,weidentifytheclausesandweidentifytheSVpairsineachclause.Thenwecheckforotherlogicallinkagesinthesentencemodifiers&modifiedentities,verbsequencingbetweenmultipleverbs,logicallists,andpronounantecedentpairsanddetermineiferrorsexist.Basedonthisanalysiswethenevaluatetheanswerchoicesandconfidentlymarkthecorrectchoice.QOk,whydoIneedtoknowaboutthat?AsyouknowTHATisaverycommonclausemarker.Itisamultifacetedword.Inthisarticlewewilldiscussitstwoprimaryuses.Notethatmaybeusedinotherwaysbutthesetwousesconstitutethemostcommonusesofthat.
USAGE1THATACTSASSUBJECTOFTHECLAUSE
Letstakeanexample:Marymadeclaimsthatpertaintoherachievementsinhighschool.Inthissentencethatreferstotheprecedingnounclaimsandtheentirepurpleclausemodifiesthenounclaims.Asyoucansee,thatisthesubjectofthepurpleclause.Itsverbispertain.
04/04/2015 SeehowTHATcanhelpyoudemystifyalongsentence|eGMATblog
https://egmat.com/blogs/seehowthatcanhelpyoudemystifyalongsentence/ 2/6
Letstakeanotherexample:Retailersdonotapproveoftheappsthatallowshopperstoperformimmediatepricecomparisonbyscanningaproductontheshelf.Inthissentencethatreferstotheprecedingnounappsandtheentirepurpleclausemodifiesthisnounapps.Asyoucansee,thatisthesubjectofthepurpleclause.Itsverbisallow.
TAKEAWAY
Thatmodifiestheprecedingnounthroughthismodifyingclauseandactsasthesubjectofthisclause.
USAGE2THATACTSASTHECONNECTORBETWEENTWOCLAUSES
Letstakeanexample:
Maryclaimsthatshewonseveralawardsinherhighschool.Inthissentencethatconnectstwoclauses.MaryclaimsMaryclaimswhat?Maryclaimsthatshewonseveralawardsinherhighschool.Asyoucansee,thatissimplyaconnector.Itisnotthesubjectofthepurpleclause.Thesubjectofthepurpleclauseissheanditsverbiswon.Letstakeanotherexample:Theanalystsstronglybelievethatthemanufacturingsectorwillcontinuetoactasadragongrossdomesticproductinthethirdquarterandthattheimprovementisunlikelyuntilregionalstructuralissuesareaddressedandthebroaderglobalbackdropbrightens.Inthissentencethatconnectsclauses.
Analystsstronglybelieve
Analystsstronglybelievewhat?
Analystsstronglybelieve
thatmanufacturingsectorwillcontinuetoactasdrag.
thattheimprovementisunlikelyuntil
Asyoucansee,thatissimplyaconnector.Itisnotthesubjectofthepurpleorblueclause.Thesubjectofthepurpleclauseismanufacturingsectoranditsverbiswillcontinue.Thesubjectoftheblueclauseisimprovementanditsverbisis.Letstakeonemoreexample:MaryfoundcertainevidencethateventheCrimeSceneInvestigators(CSI)couldnotfind.Inthissentencethatconnectstwoclauses.
04/04/2015 SeehowTHATcanhelpyoudemystifyalongsentence|eGMATblog
https://egmat.com/blogs/seehowthatcanhelpyoudemystifyalongsentence/ 3/6
Maryfoundcertainevidence
Whatkindofevidence
EvidencethatevenCSIcouldnotfind
Asyoucansee,thatissimplyaconnector.Itisnotthesubjectofthepurpleclause.ThesubjectofthepurpleclauseisCSIanditsverbiscouldnotfind.
TAKEAWAY
Thatconnectstwoclauses.Itactsasaconnector.Eachclauseconnectedbythatrequiresitsownsubjectandverbpair.
HOWTOAPPLYTHISKNOWLEDGE
Oksonowthatyouknowthatthatcantypicallyactintwocapacities,oneinwhichitissubjectoftheclauseandanotheroneinwhichitissimplyaconnector,howshouldyouutilizethisknowledgetosimplifytheclauses.Itssimple:
1. Whenyoucomeacrossthewordthat,youshouldknowrightawaythatthereisanotherclause.
2. ThenwhenyougettoidentifyingtheSVpairsofeachclause,keepinmindthatdependinguponhowthatisused,itcouldactassubjectanditcouldsimplybeaconnector.
APPLICATIONONOFFICIALQUESTIONIOG13#140
Rocksamplestakenfromtheremainsofanasteroidabouttwicethesizeofthe6milewideasteroidthateradicatedthedinosaurshasbeendatedtobe3.47billionyearsoldandthusisevidenceoftheearliestknownasteroidimpactonEarth.Wewillnowsolvethisquestion.
MEANINGANALYSIS
Thissentenceisaboutcertainrocksamplesthatweretakenfromremainsofanasteroid.Detailsaboutthesizeofthisasteroidhavebeenprovidedinthesentence.Themainaimofthissentenceistospecifytheageoftheserocksamplesandtomaketheclaimthattheserocksamplesareevidenceoftheoldestknownasteroidimpactonearth.
SENTENCESTRUCTURE
Nowwewillsimplifythesentencestructure.Weseethatthesubjectoffirstclauseisrocksamples.Theportiontakenfromtheremainsofanasteroidisaverbedmodifier.takencannotbeaverbsinceitisnotprecededbyis/are/was/were.Aswecontinuereading,wecomeacrossthewordthat,whichsignalspresenceofaclause.thateradicatedthedinosaurs.Thenwecontinuereadingandwefindwhatappeartobethetwoverbsofthesubjectrocksamplesinthebeginningofthesentence.
Rocksamplestakenfromtheremainsofanasteroidabouttwicethesizeofthe6milewideasteroid
thateradicatedthedinosaurs
hasbeendatedtobe3.47billionyearsoldandthusisevidenceoftheearliestknownasteroidimpactonEarth.
ERRORANALYSIS
04/04/2015 SeehowTHATcanhelpyoudemystifyalongsentence|eGMATblog
https://egmat.com/blogs/seehowthatcanhelpyoudemystifyalongsentence/ 4/6
Nowthatwehavethesimplifiedsentencestructure,wecanperformtheerroranalysis.Noticehowyoucannowfocusoneachclauseonebyoneandfigureoutthegrammaticalcorrectnessanderrors.TheSVpairshavebeencolorcoded.Asyoucanseethatinthissentencereferstotheprecedingnounasteroid.Ithasitsverberadicated.Wealsoclearlyseetheverbsforthepluralsubjectrocksamples.TheseverbsaresingularandhencethereisSVnumbererrorhere.Sothecorrectchoiceshouldhavepluralverbs.Thisisthefirstandtheprimaryerror.Theseconderroristheidiomaticusageofthephrasedatedtobe.Thecorrectidiomisdatedat.
ANSWERCHOICEANALYSIS
Nowwewillrevieweachanswerchoiceonebyoneandfindthecorrectanswer:
1. hasbeendatedtobe3.47billionyearsoldandthusis
1. SVNumbererror,Idiomerrorasdiscussed
2. hasbeendatedat3.47billionyearsoldandthus
1. SVNumbererror,Verbdoesnotexist.Peroursentencestructureandmeaninganalysis,weknowthattherearetwoverbsforthesubjectrocksamples.Inthischoice,theverbishasbeenremovedandhencesecondverbnolongerexists.
3. havebeendatedtobe3.47billionyearsoldandthusare
1. Idiomerror
4. havebeendatedasbeing3.47billionyearsoldandthus
1. Idiomerror.SecondverbismissingasinchoiceB
5. havebeendatedat3.47billionyearsoldandthusare
1. Correctchoice.Bothverbsareplural.Theidiomhasbeencorrected.
TAKEAWAY
Thisisa700levelquestion.However,itwasextremelysimpletoarriveatthecorrectansweroncewesimplifiedthesentencestructure.WewillseemoreofthisinourSC2SentenceStructuresession.
EXERCISE
Forthesentencesbelow,dothefollowing:
1. IdentifyallSVpairsinthesentenceabove.
2. IsthereanyproblemwiththesentencewithregardstotheSVpairs?
3. Howwillyoucorrecttheerror?
QUESTION1:
Inareviewof2,000studiesofhumanbehaviorthatdatebacktothe1940s,twoSwisspsychologists,declaringthatsincemostofthestudieshadfailedtocontrolforsuchvariablesassocialclassandfamilysize,nonecouldbetakenseriously.
04/04/2015 SeehowTHATcanhelpyoudemystifyalongsentence|eGMATblog
https://egmat.com/blogs/seehowthatcanhelpyoudemystifyalongsentence/ 5/6
QUESTION2
In1713,AlexanderPopebeganhistranslationoftheIliad,aworkthat,takinghimsevenyearsuntilcompletion,andthatliterarycriticSamuelJohnson,Popescontemporary,pronouncedthegreatesttranslationinanylanguage.
TAKEAWAY
1. Youcansimplifythesentenceintoclausesifyoufollowtheclausemarkers.
2. Thathasmanyfunctions.Thetwocommonfunctionsarelistedbelow:
1. SubjectoftheClause
2. Connector
SC2SENTENCESTRUCTURE[VERBALLIVEPREPCUSTOMERS]
InSC1HowtoapproachSentenceCorrection,wediscussedthethreepillarsofSentenceCorrectionMeaning,SentenceStructureandGrammar.Furthermore,wedemonstratedhowonecanansweridentifyerrorsandspotthecorrectanswerthroughintendedmeaning.InthenextsessionSC2SentenceStructurewewilldiscusshowyoucanleveragesentencestructureto
1. Identifytheintendedmeaning
2. Identifymajorityoftheerrors.
Inourexperience,youcansolveover95%oftheSCquestionsthroughthemethodsdescribedabove.Togetthemostofthissession,makesurethatyouhavereviewedthisarticlethoroughlyandanalyzedthetwoexercisesentencesabove.Hereisasampleanalysisofthefirstquestion.Rocksamplestakenfromtheremainsofanasteroidabouttwicethesizeofthe6milewideasteroidthateradicatedthedinosaurshasbeendatedtobe3.47billionyearsoldandthusisevidenceoftheearliestknownasteroidimpactonEarth.Weseethatthesubjectoffirstclauseisrocksamples.Theportiontakenfromtheremainsofanasteroidisaverbedmodifier.takencannotbeaverbsinceitisnotprecededbyis/are/was/were.Aswecontinuereading,wecomeacrossthewordthat,whichsignalspresenceofaclause.thateradicatedthedinosaurs.Thenwecontinuereadingandwefindwhatappeartobethetwoverbsofthesubjectrocksamplesinthebeginningofthesentence.WhatifyouarenotaneGMATcustomer?
1. IfyouarenotaneGMATcustomerbutareinterestedtoknowmoreaboutVerbalLivePrep2.0,thenclickhere.
2. Interestedtoknowmoreaboutsentencestructure:ThereareafewveryhelpfulconceptsintheeGMATfreetrial.Clickheretoregisterandtoreviewthoseconcepts.
EXTRAINFORMATION
04/04/2015 SeehowTHATcanhelpyoudemystifyalongsentence|eGMATblog
https://egmat.com/blogs/seehowthatcanhelpyoudemystifyalongsentence/ 6/6
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NOTEFOREGMATVERBALLIVEPREPSTUDENTS
ThisarticleisoneoftheprerequisitesforSessionSC2SentenceStructure.Makesurethatyougettheessenceofthisarticle.Sounderstandthearticlewellandanswerthequestionsabove.Inadditiontotheabovetwoquestions,alsoprepareashortparagraphonhowtoarriveatthissentencestructure.Basicallywritetheparagraphonsimilarlinesaswediscussedinpreviousanalysis:Weseethatthesubjectoffirstclauseisrocksamples.Theportiontakenfromtheremainsofanasteroidisaverbedmodifier.takencannotbeaverbsinceitisnotprecededbyis/are/was/were.Aswecontinuereading,wecomeacrossthewordthat,whichsignalspresenceofaclause.thateradicatedthedinosaurs.Thenwecontinuereadingandwefindwhatappeartobethetwoverbsofthesubjectrocksamplesinthebeginningofthesentence.Notethatthiswillbeoneoftheshortessaytypequestionsinthepreassessmentquiz(dontworrythiswillbetheonlyessaytypequestioninthequiz).Andwewilldiscuss
APPLICATIONONOFFICIALQUESTIONOG13#67
In1713,AlexanderPopebeganhistranslationoftheIliad,aworkthat,takinghimsevenyearsuntilcompletion,andthatliterarycriticSamuelJohnson,Popescontemporary,pronouncedthegreatesttranslationinanylanguage.
In1713,AlexanderPopebeganhistranslationoftheIliad,awork
that,takinghimsevenyearsuntilcompletion,and
thatliterarycriticSamuelJohnson,Popescontemporary,pronouncedthegreatesttranslationinanylanguage.
Afewyearsago,theCanadianGlobalPublicHealthInformationNetwork,lookingforpatternsinglobalhealthreports,spottedtheonsetoftheSARSepidemicbeforetheWorldHealthOrganizationdidmorerecently,asitecalledDataminr,relyingonsoftwarethatautomaticallyscannedtheglobalTwitterstream,wasabletoreporttoitssubscribersthatOsamabinLadenhadbeenkilledagood20minutesbeforeitwasofficiallyannounced.
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