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PUFs Using Manufacturing Variations for Robust Security in the IoT
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Venkata. P. Yanambaka1, Saraju P. Mohanty2, Elias Kougianos3
Smart Electronic Systems Laboratory
(SESL, http://smohanty.org/SESL)
University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA.
Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Internet of Things (IoT)
Security in IoT
Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) ?
Hybrid Oscillator Arbiter PUF
Performance Metrics
Conclusions and Future Research
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Outline
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Internet of Things Every electronic device in an
environment communicates with
each other.
Human interaction will become
minimal.
Such network of devices is
Internet of Things (IoT).
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Security in Internet of Things
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Secure Network under lock and key
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Lock for Security Earliest mechanical lock found dates back 4000 years.
Even today, we keep things under LOCK and KEY –
But Digitally.
Digital keys are stored in Non – Volatile Memory (NVM)
for cryptographic applications.
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PUF vs Encryption
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PUF Encryption
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Physical Unclonable Function (PUF)
Physical Unclonable Functions are simple
primitives for security.
PUFs are easy to build and impossible to
duplicate (Theoretically).
Input and Output are called Challenge
Response Pair (CRP).
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PUFChallenge (C)(100111….0)
Response (R)(0011101….1)
Only an authentic hardware can produce a correct Response
for a Challenge.
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Technology Scaling
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90nm CMOS32nm CMOS
14nm FinFET
FinFET
CMOS
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PUF Principle
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Manufacturing
Variations
Silicon wafer with
manufacturing
variations
Different PUF ICs with
manufacturing
variations
Transistors
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How PUF Works?
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Static RAM,
Ring Oscillator,
Multiplexer,
Logic Gates,
etc.,
Same Circuit
Same Input
Different
Output
With the same circuit and the same input, we get different output due
to process variations.
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How PUF Works?
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With the same circuit and the same input, we get different output due
to process variations.
Different PUFs
Same Input
Different Output
Same PUFs
Same Input
Same Output
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Speed Optimized Hybrid Oscillator
Arbiter PUF
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Power Optimized Hybrid Oscillator
Arbiter PUF
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Performance Metrics …
Can any circuit become PUF?
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Performance Metrics
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PUF Metrics
Uniqueness
Reliability
Steadiness
RandomnessCorrectness
Bit Aliasing
Uniformity
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Reliability and Uniqueness
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Research
Works
Technology Architecture
Used
Reliability
(Hamming
Distance%)
Uniqueness
(Hamming
Distance%)
Rahman et al.
[4]
90nm CMOS -- 0.92 50
Maiti et al.
[3]
180nm CMOS Ring Oscillator -- 50.72
S. R. Sahoo et
al. [2]
90nm CMOS Ring Oscillator -- 45.78
This Design
[1]
14 nm FinFET Speed Optimized
Design1.25 47.31
This Design
[1]
14 nm FinFET Power Optimized
Design2.3 52.04
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Conclusion and Future Research
PUF is a promising Hardware Security Solution.
Design a Side Channel Resilient PUF.
Implementation in IoT require Low Power
Consumption Designs.
Implementation in Network requires High
Performance Designs.
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References
[1] S. P. Mohanty, and E. Kougianos, “Novel FinFET based Physical Unclonable
Functions for Efficient Security Integration in the IoT”, in Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE
International Symposium on Nanoelectronic and Information Systems (iNIS), 2016, pp.
172--177.
[2] S. R. Sahoo, S. Kumar, and K. Mahapatra, “A Modified Configurable RO PUF with
Improved Security Metrics,” in Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE International Symposium
on Nanoelectronic and Information Systems, 2016, pp. 320–324.
[3] A. Maiti and P. Schaumont, “Improved Ring Oscillator PUF: An FPGAfriendly Secure
Primitive,” Journal of Cryptography, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 375–397, 2010.
[4] M. T. Rahman, D. Forte, J. Fahrny, and M. Tehranipoor, “ARO-PUF: An Aging-
Resistant Ring Oscillator PUF Design,” in Proceedings of the Design, Automation Test
in Europe Conference Exhibition (DATE), 2014, pp. 1–6.
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