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Sectional Balance Undone. Ms. Bolognini. Kansas-Nebraska Act. Kansas-Nebraska Act 5 W’s. Who : Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois What : Nebraska Territory to be spilt into two: Nebraska Territory in the north and Kansas Territory in the south - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Sectional Balance Undone
Ms. Bolognini
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Kansas-Nebraska Act 5 W’s–Who: Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois –What: • Nebraska Territory to be spilt into two: Nebraska
Territory in the north and Kansas Territory in the south• both territories would be given popular sovereignty
–Where: Nebraska Territory –When: 1854–Why: • it was a way to deal with the slavery issue by allowing
the people to decide (democracy)• Congress couldn’t agree because politicians had
sectional interests
Bleeding Kansas
Bleeding Kansas 5 W’s– Who: Proslavery Missourians (“border ruffians”) and anti-slavery Free-
Staters– What:
• “border ruffians” rode into Kansas in November, 1854 to vote in the election in support of a pro-slavery government
• Election result-proslavery government wins– Set up state government in Lecompton
• Anti-slavery supporters felt that the election was a sham, and held separate elections– Set up state government in Topeka
– Where: Kansas Territory– When: November, 1854– Why:
• People rushed into Kansas to stuff the ballots to promote their sectional interests (make Kansas slave or free)
• Acts of violence in Kansas ( pro-slavery activists attacked and ransacked the town of Lawrence, Kansas, which had been founded by anti-slavery settlers= GUERILLA WAR!
Lecompton/ Topeka Constitution
Constitution Hall, site of the Lecompton Constitutional Convention
Lecompton/ Topeka Constitutions 5 W’s
– Who: pro-slavery and anti-slavery people living in Kansas– What: • pro-slavery faction sets up state government in Lecompton• Anti-slavery faction holds separate elections and sets up
state government in Topkeka– Where: Kansas Territory– When: 1855 constitutions were drafted – Why:
• Anti-slavery supporters felt that the election was a sham, and held separate elections to create a separate constitution (Topeka)
Sack of Lawrence/ Pottawatomie Massacre
Sack of Lawrence/ Pottawatomie Massacre 5 W’s
– Who: pro-slavery activists– What:
• pro-slavery activists attacked and ransacked the anti-slavery town of Lawrence, Kansas
• John Brown (abolitionist who believed that God called on him to fight slavery) raided the pro-slavery settlement Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas and killed 5 people
• spurred guerrilla warfare= “Bleeding Kansas” (200 deaths)
– Where: Lawrence, Kansas– When: May 21, 1856 (sacking of Lawrence); May 24
(night)- May 25 (morning) 1856– Why:
• John Brown wanted revenge because he heard an incorrect rumor that 5 anti-slavery settlers were killed at the Sack of Lawrence
• Sectional tensions were spawning warfare
Violence in the Senate
Charles Sumner Preston Brooks
Violence in the Senate 5 W’s– Who: Charles Sumner and Preston Brooks – What:
• Charles Sumner (MA) delivered multiple speeches attacking slavery and made fun of Andrew Butler (SC) for his pro-slavery views and his impaired speech (was an old man)
• Butler’s nephew, Preston Brooks (Rep. SC) walks into the Senate and beats Sumner over the head with this cane
– Where: Senate Floor – When: May 22, 1856– Why:
• Preston Brooks was defending the honor of both his uncle, Andrew Butler, and the Southern way of life
Dred Scott v. Sandford
Dred Scott Decision 5 W’s• Who: Dred Scott and Chief Justice Roger B. Taney• What:
– Dred Scott sued for his freedom after his master died claiming that since he was brought to a free state (Illinois), he was considered to be free according to the Missouri Compromise
– HOLDING:• Decision written by Chief Justice Roger B. Taney (hated Republicans
and racial equality) that Scott was not considered free
– Where: Supreme Court – When: 1857– Why: blacks were not citizens (free or slaves) so Scott
could not sue in federal court