3

Click here to load reader

Section 508 Compliance and Remediation Procdure_MMEdits (2)

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Section 508 Compliance and Remediation Procdure_MMEdits (2)

As part of Technical Plan, item i in evaluation section: Adequacy of proposed logistical arrangements, including a clear understanding of federal laws and regulations for undertaking all aspects of the work, particularly for convening federal sponsored meetings and Section 508 Compliance (NAEP ALS RFP p. 57 of 72)  Assuring  Section  508  Compliance  for  all  Project  Deliverables:    Section  508  of  the  Rehabilitation  Act  requires  that  federal  agencies’  electronic  and  information  technology  be  accessible  to  people  with  disabilities.  WestEd  is  committed  to  aligning  documentation  to  the  same  standards  set  for  the  Federal  Government.  Over  the  last  year,  WestEd  has  had  ample  experience  delivering  508-­‐compliant  documents  to  the  Massachusetts  Dept.  of  Elementary  and  Secondary  Education,  samples  of  which  may  be  viewed  at  this  URL:    

• http://www.doe.mass.edu/edeval/ddm/example/    (MA-­‐DDM)  • http://www.doe.mass.edu/cte/    (MA-­‐CVTE  URL  TBD)  

 Structural  formatting  is  an  essential  element  of  accessible  digital  content.  Structural  formatting  describes  the  purpose  of  the  text,  allows  readers  to  scan  through  and  identify  content,  and  supports  better  understanding  of  the  author’s  message.  Structured  Word  documents  are  also  more  likely  to  be  accessible  to  other  types  of  technology  (like  search  engines)  and  are  more  likely  to  be  accessible  when  converted  to  other  file  types,  like  HTML  or  PDF.  WestEd  implements  a  document  standards  protocol  that  requires  authors  to  use  project-­‐specific  document  templates,  typically  in  programs  such  as  Microsoft  Word,  Microsoft  Excel,  Adobe  InDesign,  and  Adobe  Acrobat  Professional  that  have  been  designed  to  implement  structured  formatting  using  Styles.    Deliverable  files  will  be  generated  in  both  native  format  and  in  Portable  Document  Format  (PDF).    Document  Preparation  and  Remediation  In  general,  the  core  use  of  the  Portable  Document  Format  is  to  ensure  that  a  document  looks  the  same  online  as  it  does  in  print  form.  This  includes  ensuring  maximum  cross-­‐platform  and  cross-­‐program  compatibility  without  requiring  users  to  install  specialized  fonts  or  rely  on  underlying  operating  system  packages.    An  accessible  version  of  the  Acrobat  document  can  be  held  to  the  same  standard  –  a  document  is  considered  accessible  if  assistive  technologies  can  provide  the  same  information  provided  visually  in  the  document.    This  information  is  provided  via  a  tag  structure  format  packaged  within  the  document  that  represents  the  document’s  visual  and  structural  components.    The  fundamental  requirement  for  an  accessible  and  compliant  PDF  document  is  that  the  document  tag  structure  fully  represents  the  visual  information  provided  by  the  document  itself.    The  process  to  determine  this  requires  an  individual  to  review  each  page  in  the  document  to  ensure  that  it  conforms  to  all  the  accessibility  requirements  and  modify  the  tag  structure  of  the  page  when  required  to  ensure  compliance.    This  leads  to  a  relatively  straightforward  workflow  for  remediating  any  given  document:    

• The  document  is  received  by  WestEd  PMP  and  escrowed  in  the  NAEP  Deliverables  Remediation  Workflow  folder  in  the  project  folder  on  Box.com.  

• Tags  are  added  to  the  file  using  the  project  standard  version  of  Adobe  Acrobat  Professional.  • Each  page  in  the  document  is  validated  against  the  final  PDF  document  checklist.  

o Any  items  that  are  not  in  compliance  are  remediated.    An  example  of  this  is  provided  in  the  Example  Remediation  Activity  section  of  this  document.  

o Any  remediation  items  are  noted  in  the  remediation  report.  • The  overall  document  is  validated  against  the  final  PDF  document  checklist.  

o Any  items  that  are  not  in  compliance  are  remediated.  

Page 2: Section 508 Compliance and Remediation Procdure_MMEdits (2)

o Any  remediation  items  are  noted  in  the  remediation  report.  • A  copy  of  the  remediated  document  is  saved  to  the  workflow  infrastructure.  • The  remediated  document  and  a  copy  of  the  remediation  report  are  delivered  to  NAGB.  

 Accessibility  requirements  include  a  variety  of  different  compliance  requirements  when  applied  to  PDF,  Microsoft  Word  &  Excel,  InDesign,  and  PowerPoint  files.  NAGB  should  be  aware  that  no  legally  binding  set  of  PDF  accessibility  requirements  are  currently  defined  by  the  U.S.  Access  Board,  thus  some  latitude  can  be  applied  in  the  manner  in  which  WestEd  chooses  to  develop  PDF  documents  to  conform  to  the  Section  508  requirements.    The  exact  set  of  best  practices  that  are  relevant  to  NAGB  will  be  developed  as  an  outcome  of  the  initial  project  assessment  activities,  defining  a  concise  set  of  accessibility  requirements  for  the  remediating  activity.    Example  Remediation  Activity  As  an  example,  assume  that  a  document  is  in  violation  of  the  best  practice  “Provide  alternative  text  for  images.”    To  address  this  issue,  the  document  author  must  add  appropriate  alternative  text  for  images  within  the  Tag  tree  element's  Properties  window  or  with  the  Touch  Up  Reading  Order  Tool.  To  do  so:    

• Open  the  Touch-­‐up  Properties  dialog  • Select  the  relevant  image  in  the  document  • Place  the  text  in  the  "alternative  text"  field  and  ensure  it  is  a  concise  and  meaningful  replacement  

for  the  image.  For  example,  when  describing  a  picture  of  a  red  balloon,  entering  "red  balloon"  will  be  more  helpful  than  "This  is  a  picture  of  a  red  balloon."  

• Close  the  Touch-­‐up  Properties  dialog  and  then  save  the  document.    If  the  image  does  not  convey  any  meaning,  such  as  a  spacer  image  or  separation  line,  or  is  redundant  to  adjacent  text,  the  element  may  be  defined  as  an  Artifact  element  in  the  tags  tree.  Making  an  image  an  Artifact  in  Acrobat  has  essentially  the  same  justification  and  criteria  as  giving  an  IMG  tag  a  null  alt  (alt="")  in  HTML.  Both  methods  allow  assistive  technologies  to  reliably  ignore  such  images.    Domain  Knowledge  Requirements  As  part  of  the  document  remediating  process,  it  is  often  the  case  that  content  requires  input  and  guidance  from  domain  experts  to  be  properly  remediated.    For  example,  providing  a  proper  alternative  for  a  text  image  may  require  interaction  with  the  document  author  to  determine  the  purpose  of  the  image,  formulaic  and  psychometric  recommendations  may  require  access  to  assessment  specialist  and  the  correct  pronunciation  of  technical  terms,  acronyms,  and  proper  names  may  require  author  interaction  to  ensure  the  document  remains  appropriate  to  the  audience.  In  addition,  document  structure,  including  heading,  bookmarks  and  inner-­‐document  navigation  features  provided  in  PDF,  need  to  be  exposed  in  a  fashion  that  supports  the  overall  use  of  the  document  as  intended.    For  these  knowledge  domain  requirements,  WestEd  PMP  will  work  directly  with  relevant  members  of  the  project  team  to  determine  what  content  needs  to  be  provided  by  authors  to  properly  remediate  documents.    As  this  domain  knowledge  is  provided,  WestEd  PMP  will  update  and  extend  the  project  PDF  style  guide  to  capture  the  knowledge  and  share  it  across  the  project.    This  ensures  that  as  information  is  provided,  it  is  captured  and  applied  in  a  continuous  process  improvement  loop  allowing  the  remediation  activities  to  rely  less  on  technical  resources  over  time.    Delivery  and  Secondary  Remediation  Work  Once  a  remediated  document  has  been  delivered,  NAGB  may  choose  to  perform  a  regression  test  and  review  of  the  document  to  determine  its  level  of  accessibility.    Based  on  the  test  results,  stakeholders  can  

Page 3: Section 508 Compliance and Remediation Procdure_MMEdits (2)

then  make  a  decision  to  release  the  document  or  pursue  further  remediation.  If  additional  changes  are  required,  WestEd  PMP  will  complete  these  and  resubmit  a  document  for  secondary  review.    Remediation  Report  For  all  documents  provided  under  this  contract,  WestEd  PMP  will  provide  to  NAGB  and  the  COR  a  remediation  report  that  details  the  changes  that  have  been  made  to  the  document,  the  location  of  the  changes  and  the  best  practices  the  changes  were  applied  to  ensure  conformance  with.    These  remediation  reports  will  be  escrowed  in  Box.com  as  part  of  the  NAEP  Deliverables  Remediation  Workflow  documentation.        This  will  allow  the  project  two  keys  pieces  of  functionality.    First,  reports  can  be  provided  at  no  additional  cost  to  each  document  author  to  define  the  specific  set  of  issues  that  required  remediation  in  their  documents.      This  provides  concise  direction  to  authors  on  what  issues  should  be  addressed  in  subsequent  document  development  as  well  as  the  specific  methods  for  providing  these  items.  Second,  the  workflow  allows  for  compliance  trends  to  be  tracked  over  time  and  across  different  authors.  This  provides  for  easy  identification  of  concepts  that  require  further  training,  investment  or  management  attention.    It  also  provides  a  method  for  justifying  the  investment  into  accessibility  in  terms  of  specific,  quantified  improvements  in  the  level  of  compliance  of  publications  and  documents.