Section 23 - Physical Properties

7/25/2019 Section 23 - Physical Properties

1/14

CALCULATION SPREADSHEET FOR GPSA ENGINEERING DATA BOOK, 13th ED

NOMENCLATURE

FIG. 23-1

Nomenclature

B = second virial coefficient for a gas mixture, (sia!"1

B# = mole fraction $2% in sour gas stream, &'uation 23-

Bii = second virial coefficient for comonent i

Bi) = second cross virial coefficient for comonents i and )

*i

1+2 = summation factor for comonent i

c = cost of gasB = cu*ic average *oiling oint, /F

d = densit0, g+cc

gal = gallons

G = secific gravit0 or relative densit0 (gas densit0!

Gi

id = molecular eigt ratio of comonent i in mixture

$vid = gross eating value er unit volume of ideal gas,

Btu+cu ft

= 4atson caracteri5ation factor, Fig. 23-12

6 = termal conductivit0, Btu+7(r 8 ft2 8 /F!+ft9

6 = termal conductivit0 at one atmosere, Btu+7(r 8

ft2 8 /F!+ft9

l*m = ounds mass

: = mass fraction

m = mass, l*m

:4 = molecular eigt, l*m+l*mol

:B = molal average *oiling oint, /F or /;

:eB = :ean average *oiling oint, /F or /;

n = num*er of moles, (mass+:4!

= rice of real gas

id = rice of ideal gas

= ressure, sia

c< = seudo-critical ressure ad)usted for acid gas

comosition, sia

v = vaor ressure at a reduced temerature of .>

8 = vaor ressure of ater, .2?3 sia at /F

; = gas constant, 1.>3 (sia 8 ft3!+(/; 8l*mol! for

all gases (%ection 1 for ; in oter units!

% = secific gravit0 at /+/F (li'uid!

@ = a*solute temerature, /;

t = %@: A- distillation temerature for a given

volumetric fraction, /F or /;, &'uation 23-11

@c# = seudo-critical temerature ad)usted for acid gas

comosition, /;

C = volume, cu ft

v = volume fraction

8C

&rrD?E

8C

id = volumetric flo rate, ideal gas

CB = volumetric average *oiling oint, /F4t = eigt, l*m

4B = eigt average *oiling oint, /F

0i = mole fraction of comonent i from anal0sis on dr0

*asis, &'uation 23-3

xi = mole fraction in li'uid ase

0i(cor! = mole fraction of comonent i ad)usted for ater

content

0 = mole fraction in gas ase

= -factor = C+n;@

Gree6

= seudo-critical temerature ad)ustment factor,

&'uation 23-

H = :B+@c

= densit0, l*m+ft3

J = viscosit0 at oerating temerature and ressure,

centioise


2/14

Rn -$ diagram at te intersection of @ = 2 degF and = 1 sia l ines, read v = 1.? ft3+l*m.

v = 1.? ft3+l*m

Aensit0 (! = .> l*m+ft3

@e a*ove examle onl0 alies to roane, using Fig. 2K-2>.

@e samle calculations, e'uations and sreadseets resented erein ere develoed using examles u*lised i

4ile ever0 effort as *een made to resent accurate and relia*le tecnical information and calculation sreadse

@e alculation %readseets are rovided itout arrant0 of an0 6ind including arranties of accurac0 or reaso

In no event ill te G or G% and teir mem*ers *e lia*le for an0 damages atsoever (including itout li

@ese calculation sreadseets are rovided to rovide an SRerational levelT of accurac0 calculation *ased on ra

Example 23-1 Using Fig. 24-27, the P-H diagram for propane, calclate the densit! of propane "apor at2##degF and 1## psia.


3/14

GivenD

ressure = 1 sia

@emerature = 1 degF

= K33.E deg;

= 2.E sia

:ole fraction $2% = .2

$oltion $teps

= 2E. degF

= KK.1 deg;

= >1.>K sia

= 1.3? dimensionless

= 1.313 dimensionless

= .31 dimensionless

@e samle calculations, e'uations and sreadseets resented erein ere develoed using examles u*lised in te

4ile ever0 effort as *een made to resent accurate and relia*le tecnical information and calculation sreadseets *

@e alculation %readseets are rovided itout arrant0 of an0 6ind including arranties of accurac0 or reasona*

In no event ill te G or G% and teir mem*ers *e lia*le for an0 damages atsoever (including itout limita@ese calculation sreadseets are rovided to rovide an SRerational levelT of accurac0 calculation *ased on rater

Example 23-2 - % sor natral gas contains 1# mol& '(2and 2# mol& H

2$. )he nad*sted "ales of

)c+ and P

c+ can e taen as 433. deg/ and 02. psia, respecti"el!. etermine the -factor for the gas at

1## degF and 1### psia.

Vnad)usted @c

Vnad)usted c

Vse Fig. 23- to determine seudocritical @emerature d)ustment Factor, , degF.

alculate ad)usted seudo-critical @em.,

@cW

alculate ad)usted seudo-critical ressure,

cW

alculate seudo-reduced temerature, @rW

alculate seudo-reduced ressure, rW

From Fig. 23-K, locate using @rW and

rW


4/14

Example 23-3 'alclate the liid densit! of a mixtre at 12# degF and 1,7# psia.

5ixtre properties are gi"en elo6 Fig 23-18

1 2 3 K = 2 X 3 ? = K+?

omonent :ol t 4eigt, l* Colume, cu

:etane .2E 1.K3 3.3?2 - -

ar*on dioxide .3E>3 KK.1 1>.K? ?1.1 .3K2>

&tane .1 3.> .?> - -

roane .23> KK.E> 1.?3 31.1E .333

n-Butane .3? ?.123 2.K 3.K23 .?>2

n-entane .2KK> >2.1? 1.> 3E.3 .KKE

n-$exane .1KK .1>> 1.?E K1.K .3K

n-$etane .2E3 1.2K 2.EE K2.E2 .E

n-Rctane .2EE? 11K.231 3.K21 KK.E .>>

n-Aecane .12 1K2.2? 2?.E> K?.>E .??

n-@etradecane .33 1E.3EK .2> K>.? .12

@otal 1. .2K1

alculate densit0 of 3Y = KK.2>2

4eigt Z 2 in 2Y = 1.2? 4t Z

Aensit0 of R2Y = K?.>?>

4t Z $K in @otal = ?.1 4t Z

= K2.E

=.>

Aensit0 at F and 1,> sia = K3.

@em correction to 12F from Fig. 23-1> = -1.

Aensit0 at F and 1,> sia = K1.

QI:I@%

rocedure can andle u to 2Z N2, Z R2, and 3Z $2%.

Not valid in te critical region.




In no event ill te G or G% and teir mem*ers *e lia*le for an0 damages atsoever (including itout limita

@ese calculation sreadseets are rovided to rovide an SRerational levelT of accurac0 calculation *ased on rater

:olefraction

Aensit0 (F!,l*+cf

l*m+ft3

l*m+ft3

seudo-densit0 of mixture at F and 1K.>sia from Fig 23-1K

l*m+ft3

ressure correction to 1,> sia from Fig23-1?

l*m+ft3

l*m+ft3

l*m+ft3

l*m+ft3

Generall0 alica*le to li'uids containing comonents eavier tan entanes (gas saturated or su*cooled! at ressurto 1, sia and temeratures from -1F to F

:ixtures at temeratures greater tan 1?F tat contain more tan molZ metane or more tan molZ R2 ar

ro*lem areas.


5/14

istillation data

Z Rver @em, degF IB 1

? 13

1 1?3

2 1E1

3 21>

K 2KK

? 2

31E

> 3K

KK

E ?E2

& K

%loe = ?.KE

CB = 32? degF

= -?K. degF

:eB = 2>1 degF






Example 23-4 etermine the mean a"erage oiling point 5e%9P8 and the moleclar 6eight for a :.0deg%P

petrolem fraction 6ith the follo6ing %$)5 distillation data.

orrection to *e added to volumetric

average *oiling oint, degF, to o*tain oter*oiling oints, Fig. 23-1.


6/14

Example 23-: 'alclation of moleclar 6eight, sing mixtre from Example 23-4. Example 23-:

1 degF :eB

onvert I Gravit0 to %. Gr. = .>?1? onvert I Gr

onvert :eB from degF to deg; = >31 deg; onvert :eB

alculate :4 using &'. 23-1K = 12> l*+l*-mol alculate :4




In no event ill te G or G% and teir mem*ers *e lia*le for an0 damages atsoever (including itout limita@ese calculation sreadseets are rovided to rovide an SRerational levelT of accurac0 calculation *ased on rater

Calid in te molecular eigt range of > to >2U :eB range of E> to 1,K degFU

and te I range of 1K to E3.

Calid in te mo

and te I ran


7/14

1 degF :eB

I = ?. degI I

:4 = 12> l*+l*-mol :4

%@: A- %loe from &xamle 23-K = ?.KE dimensionless %@: A-

= -? degF

alculate :B = K1 degF alculate :

onvert I gravit0 to s. Gr. = .>?1? dimensionless onvert

=1,2 deg;

onvert seudo-critical tem to degF = 2 degF onvert s

= 3 sia

Qimits Qimits






Example 23- 'alclate psedo-critical temperatre and pressre sing mixtre from

Example 23-4

Example 2

from Exam

Find te CB correction factor from Fig.23-1 (off te gra!

Find te C23-1 (off

alculate seudo-critical tem using &'.23-1

alculate 1

alculate seudo-critical ressure using&'. 23-1? and :eB = 2>1 degF

alculate 23-1? and

Calid over a range of to E :4U > to 2E? degF normal *oiling ointU and . to E?degI

Calid over degI


8/14

Example 23-7 %centric factor.

GivenD

CB = K1 degF

%@: sloe = .>?

I gravit0 = K1 deg I

@o use &'. 23-1E e need te average *oiling oint (:eB!D

From &'. 23-1, te correction to CB for mean average isD

= -3 degF

From &'. 23-1, te correction to :B isD

= -? degF

:eB = K1? degF

:B = K13 degF

@, deg; = >? deg;

%, s.gr. = .2 dimensionless

From &'. 23-1?, te seudo-critical ressure isD

= 31.1 sia

From &'. 23-1, te seudo-critical temerature isD

= 1,21 deg;

From &'. 23-1ED

= .KK ssumes atmoseric ressure, 1K.> sia

*ove calculation is l imited to 0drocar*on mixtures it a *oiling oint range of ? degF or less.


4ile ever0 effort as *een made to resent accurate and relia*le tecnical information and calculation sreadse

@e alculation %readseets are rovided itout arrant0 of an0 6ind including arranties of accurac0 or reas

In no event ill te G or G% and teir mem*ers *e lia*le for an0 damages atsoever (including itout li


c

@c

, acentric factor


9/14

Example 23-0 'alclation of iscosit!.

GivenD

ressure = 1, sia

@emerature = 1 degF

:4 = 22 l*+l*-mole

= KE deg;

= ? sia

%olution %tes

= .> dimensionless

= .1? c

= 1.3> dimensionless

= 1.? dimensionless

= 1.21 dimensionless

alculate viscosit0 at 1, sia and 1 degF

J = .12> c

For calculating viscosities of gaseous mixtures it large concentrations of non-0drocar*ons, use Aean and %ti


4ile ever0 effort as *een made to resent accurate and relia*le tecnical information and calculation sreads

@e alculation %readseets are rovided itout arrant0 of an0 6ind including arranties of accurac0 or reas

In no event ill te G or G% and teir mem*ers *e lia*le for an0 damages atsoever (including itout lim


@c

c

Gid

Vse Fig. 23-22 to find J at 1 atm.

alculate @r

@r

alculate r

r

If @ris [1, use Fig. 23-2K to calculate J+J

. If @

ris \1, use Fig. 23-23

Vsing Fig. 23-2K,calculate J+J


10/14

Example 23- >iscosit! Estimation of % . 3K3. .EN2 .1? 2.13 KE2.? 22>.2 .?1

R2 .? KK.1 1,E.? ?K>.K .3K2

:ixture 1. 1E.23> - 33?.E

]

$oltion $teps

= 33?.E deg;

= 1.??

= .2>> dimensionless

= ?. sia alculate L using &'. 23-2

L = .K3 dimensionless

= 1.?1 dimensionless

= .KE dimensionless

If @r \ 1.?, use &'.23-22 rater tan &'. 23-21.

= .11K c

Vse tis metod for large amounts of non-0drocar*ons.

@e samle calculations, e'uations and sreadseets resented erein ere develoed using examles u*lised


@e alculation %readseets are rovided itout arrant0 of an0 6ind including arranties of accurac0 or rea

In no event ill te G or G% and teir mem*ers *e lia*le for an0 damages atsoever (including itout

@ese calculation sreadseets are rovided to rovide an SRerational levelT of accurac0 calculation *ased on

mol fract,0

i

ci, sia @

ci, deg; C

ci, ft3+l*

:4cm

= ]0i8

:4i

@cm

= ]0i8 @

ci

Vse data in Fig. 23-3 to calculate cm

@cm

Ccm ft3+l*

cm

cm

Vse :4 and mol Z for23-2

alculate @r= @+@

cm.

@r

Because @r[ 1.? use &'. 23-21 to calculate LJ

LJ

J


11/14

GivenD Gi

@1 = 1 degF @1

@2 = 21 degF @2

= 32? degF ;ange is to 1,1 degF

%. Gr. = .> dimensionless %

$oltion $teps $o

= 11.EE dimensionless

alculate Qn(B! using &'. 23-2E a

Qn(B! = >.1 dimensionless Qn

B = 1,1?.> B

alculate using &'. 23-2 a

= .2K dimensionless

alculate O using &'. 23-2> a

O ^ 1 degF = .E2> cs O

O ^ 21 degF = .?1> cs O

@e samle calculations, e'uations and sreadseets resented erein ere develoed using examles u*lise

4ile ever0 effort as *een made to resent accurate and relia*le tecnical information and calculation sread@e alculation %readseets are rovided itout arrant0 of an0 6ind including arranties of accurac0 or r

In no event ill te G or G% and teir mem*ers *e lia*le for an0 damages atsoever (including itou


Example 23-1# %t 1##degF and 21#degF find the "iscosities of a hea"! condensate

ha"ing a mid-oiling point of 32: degF and a specific gra"it! of #.700.

Ex

mi

:id-*oiling oint, @*

:

Aetermine using Fig. 23-12 Ae

sia-1


12/14

Example 23-11 F ind the )hermal 'ondcti"it! of a ?atral sia r

@emerature = 3 degF @em

:4 = 2? l*+l*-mole :4

= KK deg;

= sia

$oltion $teps $o

= .2K Btu+7(r-s'.ft.-degF!+ft9

= 1.>3 dimensionless

= 1. dimensionless

= 1.1? dimensionless

alculate termal conductivit0, 6 a

6 = .2? Btu+7(r-s'.ft.-degF!+ft9 6

@e samle calculations, e'uations and sreadseets resented erein ere develoed using examles u*lise

4ile ever0 effort as *een made to resent accurate and relia*le tecnical information and calculation sread

@e alculation %readseets are rovided itout arrant0 of an0 6ind including arranties of accurac0 or r

In no event ill te G or G% and teir mem*ers *e lia*le for an0 damages atsoever (including itou


@c

@c

c

c

Aetermine 6using Fig. 23-31 Ae

6

6

alculate @r

@rrange is .E to 3. a

@r

@r

alculate r

rrange is .1 to >. a

r

r

Aetermine termal conductivit0 ratio, 6+6, using Fig. 23-32 Ae

6+6

6+6


13/14

GivenD

omonent

R2 .1 .12> KK.1 3.?3 .3?3 .

$2% .2 .13 3K.> 3.2K2 .K3 .

N2 .? .1>? 2.13 3.3> .1?1 .

$K . .2? 1.K3 2.?22 1.?131 .

2$ .? .1> 3.> 3.1E .1??? .

@otal 1. 2.21 .

$oltion $tep

= .2? Btu+7(r-s'.ft.-degF!+ft9

@e samle calculations, e'uations and sreadseets resented erein ere develoed using examles u*lised


@e alculation %readseets are rovided itout arrant0 of an0 6ind including arranties of accurac0 or re

In no event ill te G or G% and teir mem*ers *e lia*le for an0 damages atsoever (including itout


Example 23-12 Find the thermal condcti"it! of the gaseos mixtre sho6n in Fig. 23-37 at 2##F and o

atmosphere.

:oleFraction

@ermal conductivit0, *tu+7(r-s'ft-degF!+ft9

:oleculart, :4

:4-3 (0i):4-3 (0

i!(6

alculate 6musing &'. 23-

3


14/14

CALCULATION SPREADSHEET FOR GPSA ENGINEERING DATA BOOK, 13th EDITION

LIMITS

QI:I@%

Qimits are given in te sreadseets for te individual examles.

Documents

Section 23 - Physical Properties