Section

2

Section 2.1• Identify hardware• Describe processing components• Compare and contrast input and output devices• Compare and contrast storage devices• Identify and describe operating system software• Identify and describe application software• Summarize cross-platform issues

Computer Basics

YOU WILL LEARN TO…

Section

2

Section 2.2• Identify types of networks• Examine types of network connections• Identify network hardware and software

Section 2.3• Create a new Web site• Save a Web page• Format text• Insert a graphic• Create subpages

Computer Basics

YOU WILL LEARN TO…

Section Computer Hardware and Software

Focus on Reading

Main Ideas

Computer systems are composed of users, hardware, software, and data. Hardware is a computer’s physical components. Software gives hardware instructions to make it work.

Key Terms

hardware

input device

output device

software

operating system (OS)

graphical user interface (GUI)

application software

pp. 36-422.1

Section 2.1 Computer Hardware and Software

Computers are categorized as either PCs or Macs.

A PC is a computer that runs the Windows operating system (OS).

A Mac is a computer that runs the Macintosh OS.

Computers and the Computer System

pp. 36-42

Section Computer Hardware and Software

Computers and the Computer System

A computer system consists of four parts:

• A user• HardwareHardware• Software• Data

hardware The physical components of the computer. (p. 37)

pp. 36-422.1

Section Computer Hardware and Software

Hardware: Processing Components

The central processing unit (CPU) and random-access memory (RAM) are processing components.

The CPU is the part of the computer where data is processed. It is sometimes referred to as the “brain” of the computer.

The computer stores data that it is currently processing in RAM.

2.1

Hard Drive

Storage Devices

RAMRAM MotherboardCPUCPU

Power Supply

pp. 36-42

Section Computer Hardware and Software

Hardware: Input and Output Devices

Input devicesInput devices and output devicesoutput devices allow you to enter new data and examine processed data on a computer.

input device Tool used to enter data into a computer, such as the keyboard and mouse. (p. 38)

output device Tool that lets users examine the results of processed data, such as a monitor, printer, or speakers. (p. 38)

2.1pp. 36-42

Section 2.1 Computer Hardware and Software

There are several different types of storage devices available.

• Hard Drives• Floppy Disks • Zip Disks• CDs and DVDs• Flash Drives• Tape Backups

Storage Devices

pp. 36-42

Section Computer Hardware and Software

Types of Software

Before installing any other software on your computer, you must install operating system (OS) software.

The OS controls all of the other software programs on a computer.

software The set of instructions that tells the computer what to do. (p. 40)

operating system (OS) Program that specifies how the computer receives and processes input; acts as an interface between a user and the computer hardware. (p. 40)

2.1pp. 36-42

Section Computer Hardware and Software

Operating System Software

An OS provides a graphical user interface through which a user gives commands to the computer.

graphical user interface (GUI) Type of interface that allows users to interact with software by selecting words, symbols, or graphics from a desktop. (p. 40)

2.1pp. 36-42

Section Computer Hardware and Software

Operating System Software

Here are examples of a Windows and a Mac OS.

2.1pp. 36-42

Mac OS Windows OS

Section Computer Hardware and Software

Application Software

Most of the time when you use a computer, you are using one of these six common types of application softwareapplication software:• Web browsersWeb browsers

• E-mailE-mail

• Word processingWord processing

• SpreadsheetSpreadsheet

• DatabaseDatabase

• PresentationPresentation

application software Computer programs that allow users to perform a specific task on the computer; also referred to as applications. (p. 41)

2.1pp. 36-42

Section Computer Hardware and Software

Utility Software

Utility software helps you control your computer and keep it in good running condition.

Utility software includes security and antivirus programs.

2.1pp. 36-42

Section 2.1 Computer Hardware and Software

Your computer’s hardware, operating system, and application programs must all work together in order for your computer to function properly.

When computer components work together properly, they are said to be compatible.

Cross-Platform Issues

pp. 36-42

Section Computer Hardware and Software2.1pp. 36-42

Identify A _____ is a computer that runs a Windows operating system.

A. PC

B. GUI

C. CPU

D. RAM

A. PC

Section Assessment

Section NetworksFocus on Reading

Main Ideas

Networks allow computers to share information, messages, and software. Dial-up, broadband, and wireless are three types of network connections.

Key Terms

network

local area network (LAN)

wide area network (WAN)

server

client

pp. 43-462.2

Section NetworksTypes of Networks

A networknetwork can connect two computers in a home or millions of computers around the world, as in the case of the Internet.

Networks can be divided into two basic categories:

• local area networkslocal area networks

• wide area networkswide area networks

network A system in which communication lines or wireless connections are used to connect computers together. (p. 43)

local area network (LAN) Type of network that connects computers in a single location, such as a single department within a company. (p. 43)

wide area network (WAN) Network that connects computers across a wide geographical area, such as a region of the United States. (p. 43)

pp. 43-462.2

Section 2.2 Networks

There are three ways to connect to the Internet:• Dial-up Connections• Broadband Connections

Cable DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network)

• Wireless Connections

Types of Connections

pp. 43-46

Section 2.2 Networks

Network hardware consists of the physical components that connect computers to one another.

For a network to function properly, all the hardware components must be compatible.

Network Hardware and Software

pp. 43-46

Section NetworksNetwork Hardware and Software

Most LANs areMost LANs are client/server client/server networks.

client In a network, the individual computers that are part of that network. (p. 45)

server A powerful central computer that manages files and services for a network. (p. 45)

pp. 43-462.2

Section 2.2 Networks

In a client/server network, the server responds to the requests of client computers.

Network Hardware and Software

pp. 43-46

Section 2.2 Networks

Modems send and receive signals through telephone wires or cable.

Network interface cards create and send signals from one network component to another.

Routers connect LANs. Computers on a LAN can also access the Internet using routers.

Networks are controlled by network operating system software.

Network Hardware and Software

pp. 43-46

Section Networks

True/FalseTrue/False In a In a client/server network, the client/server network, the client responds to the client responds to the requests of server requests of server computerscomputers.

False. In a client/server network, the server responds to the requests of client computers.

pp. 43-462.2

Section Assessment

Section Creating a Basic Web SiteFocus on Reading

Main Ideas

When creating a Web site, you must organize and name your files so they are easy to find. The main content of most Web sites is text and graphics.

Key Terms

folder

subfolder

root folder

format

font

subpage

2.3pp. 48-56

Section Creating a Basic Web SiteCreating and Saving a Web Page

When saving your Web pages, save them in a system of foldersfolders and subfolderssubfolders..

The top-level folder is the The top-level folder is the root folderroot folder..

2.3

folder An item that helps the user organize files. (p. 48)

subfolder A folder contained within a folder, used to further organize files. (p. 48)

root folder The main folder on a Web site that contains all of the site’s other files and folders. (p. 48)

pp. 48-56

Section Creating a Basic Web SiteAdding Text to a Web Page

When you formatformat text, you specify how characters will look on the page..

Formatting text also Formatting text also involves choosing a involves choosing a fontfont..

2.3

format The way text characters look on a page. (p. 51)

font A family of letters, numbers, and other symbols that share a consistent style (p. 51)

pp. 48-56

Section 2.3 Creating a Basic Web Site

One easy way to add graphics to a Web page is to use a premade graphic.

Adding Graphics to a Web Page

pp. 48-56

Section Creating a Basic Web SiteCreating Subpages

Most Web sites contain more than one page..

Multi-page sites have a Multi-page sites have a main page and one or main page and one or more more subpagessubpages..

2.3

subpage A page that is a child of another page. (p. 55)

pp. 48-56

Section 2.3 Creating a Basic Web Site

• Activity 2A – Create a One-Page Web site (p. 49)• Activity 2B – Insert and Format Text (p. 51)• Activity 2C – Insert Graphics (p. 52)• Activity 2D – Create a Subpage (p. 55)

pp. 48-56

Section Creating a Basic Web Site2.3pp. 48-56

Name The top-level folder of a Web site is the ____________.

A. subfolder

B. root folder

C. subpage

D. folder

B. root folder

Section Assessment

Section

2

Chapter Review

Computer Basics

Identify _______ connect LANs and can connect computers on a LAN to the Internet.

A. Modems

B. Digital Subscriber

Lines (DSL)

C. Networks

D. Routers

D. Routers

Section

2

Chapter Review

Computer Basics

Analyze Organizing and keeping track of files is an important part of creating a Web site. Why should you have a plan when saving Web site files?

You want to organize and name your files so they are easy to find. Saving your Web pages in a system of folders and subfolders will make it easier and quicker to update and keep track of Web site files.

Section

2 Computer Basics

Chapter Resources

For more resources on this chapter, go to the Introduction to Web Design Using Dreamweaver Web site at WebDesignDW.glencoe.com.