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Section 1.3: Measurement Conversions
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In this unit, we will work with capacity, mass and
temperature.
Mass: How much matter is in an object.
Capacity: How much a container can hold.
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The earliest measures of weights were based on the objects being
weighed, for example seed and beans.
Capacity was measured by commonjars and barrels.
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Ancient measures of length were based the human body, for
example the length of a foot, the length of a stride, and the
breadth of a thumb.
Ancient people were physically aware of hot and cold and
probably related temperature by the size of the fire needed, and
how close to sit, to keep warm.
Why would these methods of measuring cause a problem?
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Système International (SI) or Metric System
- a system of measurement in which units are based on powers of
10
Imperial System
- the system of measurement based on British units, such as
pounds, feet, gallons, Fahrenheit, etc.
- measurements are based on nature and everyday activities. For
example, an inch was first defined as the width of a man‛s thumb
and then later it was defined as the length of 3 grains of barley
placed end to end.
Two Systems of Measurement:
By the eighteenth century, different units of measurement were
being used throughout the world. To promote a more common standard,
the metric system was created.
Standard units in Metric System
Length - meter
Mass - gram
Capacity - liter
- measurements are derived from scientific principles
- one metre was originally defined as 1/10 000 000 of the
distance between the North Pole and Earth‛s equator as measured
along the meridian passing through Paris.
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In 1824, the English measurement system underwent a review
process. The types and sizes of the units were modified and renamed
from the English units of measurement to the imperial system of
measurement.
This new standard was then introduced throughout the UK and its
colonies. Since the US was no longer a British colony, they did not
adopt these new standards.
The United States is one of only a few countries who do not use
the metric system as its official system of measurements.
Rather, it uses its own system called the U.S. Customary System.
This system is a derivative of the imperial system, which was used
by Britain until the 20th century.
While many of the imperial and US measurements are the same
(e.g.,yards, pounds, and miles), there are differences (e.g.
measurements for volume: fluid ounces, gallons, tons, etc.)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DQPQ_q59xyw&feature=player_detailpage
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dqpq_q59xyw&feature=player_detailpage
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In Canada,
A) Where is the SI system used?
- Speed limits
- Science laboratories
- Olympics and other sporting events
B) Where is the imperial system used?
- Construction
- Sports such as football and golf
C) Where are both measures used?
- Grocery Store
- Hardware Stores (Wrenches)
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Temperature Conversion
> Celsius - commonly used in Canada
– a scale for measuring temperature in which the freezing point
of water is 0 °C and the boiling point is 100 °C
> Fahrenheit - commonly used in the United States
– a scale for measuring temperature in which the freezing point
of water is 32 °F and the boiling point is 212 °F
When a Canadian might use Fahrenheit?
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Here are some temperature equivalents:
Fahrenheit and Celsius Equivalencies
Example
Extremely cold day -40 -40
Bitterly cold day -22 -30
Freezing Point of Water 32 0
Mild day 59 15
Hot day 81 27 Normal Body Temperature 98.6 37Boiling
Point of Water 212 100
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Use the thermometer to check our predictions of various
temperature conversions.
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To convert between Fahrenheit and Celsius use the following
formulae.
C to F F to C
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Example: Convert the following.
A)24 0C to _______0F
B) 50 0F to __________0C
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C) 20 0C to _______0F
D)50 0C to __________0F
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E) 227 0C to _______0F
F) 42 0F to __________0C
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Activity: Identify the location and convert the temperature
shown into degrees Celsius.
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