Section 1: Natural Environments

Section 2: History and Culture

Section 3: India Today

CHAPTER 25

India

SECTION 1

Natural Environments

Question:What are the three landform regions of India and characteristics of each?

SECTION 1

Landform Regions and Rivers of IndiaLandform Regions and Rivers of India

Natural Environments

Himalayas—mountainous, forests, farms, Kanchenjunga, Kashmir Valley, source of Ganges and

Brahmaputra Rivers

Gangetic Plain—lowland, northeastern India, farming, rich alluvial soil, Ganges River

Deccan Plateau—old and eroded; volcanic; farming

with irrigation; Easternand Western Ghats; Narmada, Godavari,

and KrishnaRivers

SECTION 2

History and Culture

Question:What are some of the important events and people in India’s history?

SECTION 2

History and Culture

Harappan civilization

Aryan civilization

1500 B.C.

1000 B.C.

500 B.C.

0

A.D. 500

1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

1500

1600 1800 2000

1700 1900

Muslim invasion

Muslim kingdom

300 B.C.

MauryanEmpire

A..D.400

GuptaEmpire

Timur invades.

1398

European trade

1490

Mughal Empire

1520

Sepoy Rebellion

1857

Independence

1947

Ghandi assassinated

1948

SECTION 3

India Today

Question:What are the characteristics and products of India’s economy?

SECTION 3

India Today

Agriculture• basis of economy• 25 percent of GDP

• 50 percent of land area• rice, wheat, tea, sugarcane, sorghum, peanuts, sesame

seeds, mangoes• small farms

• depend on monsoon• Green Revolution

Cottage industries• work in the home

• employs millions of people, particularly women

• silk fabrics, wooden statues, silver and gold lace, other

handicrafts

High-tech businesses• concentrated in Bangalore

• workers part of growing middle class

Commercial manufacturing

• textiles leading export• jute

• steel mills• durable goods such as diesel engines and cars

India’s Economy

1. What geographic features, such as river systems and climates, characterize India’s three major landform regions?

2. At what time of the year do monsoons bring rainfall to India, and where are the rains the heaviest?

3. In what ways have invasions, trade, and outside control affected Indian society and culture?

4. What is India’s main religion? Which other religions are found there?

5. What conflicts does India have with Pakistan?

1. What geographic features, such as river systems and climates, characterize India’s three major landform regions?

2. At what time of the year do monsoons bring rainfall to India, and where are the rains the heaviest?

3. In what ways have invasions, trade, and outside control affected Indian society and culture?

4. What is India’s main religion? Which other religions are found there?

5. What conflicts does India have with Pakistan?

CHAPTER 25

Chapter Wrap-Up