Sect. 1 – Early Colonies Have Sect. 1 – Early Colonies Have Mixed SuccessMixed Success

The English Plan ColoniesThe English Plan Colonies Colonies would provide a market for English exportsColonies would provide a market for English exports Source or raw materialSource or raw material Increase tradeIncrease trade Build up gold supplyBuild up gold supply Mercantilism – state controls trade and attempts to Mercantilism – state controls trade and attempts to

transfer wealth from colonies to parent countrytransfer wealth from colonies to parent country Reasons for going to AmericaReasons for going to America

Lack of economic opportunity in EnglandLack of economic opportunity in England Gold minesGold mines

Religious persecutionReligious persecution

Financing a ColonyFinancing a Colony Joint-Stock CompanyJoint-Stock Company

Backed by investors – people put money in to earn profitsBacked by investors – people put money in to earn profits Investor got sharesInvestor got shares Split any profitsSplit any profits Divided any lossesDivided any losses

Virginia Company of London, Virginia Company of Virginia Company of London, Virginia Company of Plymouth, (later Massachusetts Bay Company and Dutch West Plymouth, (later Massachusetts Bay Company and Dutch West Indies Company)Indies Company)

CharterCharter Written contractWritten contract Issued by governmentIssued by government Gave the holder right to establish colonyGave the holder right to establish colony

Who – Who were among the settlers at Who – Who were among the settlers at Sagadahoc?Sagadahoc? ConvictsConvicts

Who was their leader?Who was their leader? George PophamGeorge Popham

What happened to the colonists at Roanoke?What happened to the colonists at Roanoke? Cut off from food supply by Native Americans – sent back Cut off from food supply by Native Americans – sent back

to Englandto England What happened to the colony at Sagadahoc?What happened to the colony at Sagadahoc?

Arguments, harsh winter, fights with Native Americans, Arguments, harsh winter, fights with Native Americans, food shortages, forced to return to Englandfood shortages, forced to return to England

What was the House of Burgesses?What was the House of Burgesses? Elected representatives that would meet once a year Elected representatives that would meet once a year

– first representative assembly in American – first representative assembly in American ColoniesColonies

What was Bacon’s Rebellion?What was Bacon’s Rebellion? Marched into Jamestown, took control of House of Marched into Jamestown, took control of House of

Burgesses and burned Jamestown to the ground.Burgesses and burned Jamestown to the ground. When was Jamestown settled?When was Jamestown settled?

16071607 When did the starving time end?When did the starving time end?

Starving time ended in 1610Starving time ended in 1610

Why did the settlers go to Jamestown?Why did the settlers go to Jamestown? Make money, find gold, new life, greater opportunitiesMake money, find gold, new life, greater opportunities

Why didn’t the settlers get along with their Why didn’t the settlers get along with their neighbors?neighbors? Because they wanted more and more of their landBecause they wanted more and more of their land

Why did Jamestown nearly fail?Why did Jamestown nearly fail? Disease, unwilling to work, more interested in gold than Disease, unwilling to work, more interested in gold than

workwork Why did Bacon’s rebellion occur?Why did Bacon’s rebellion occur?

Opposed William BerkeleyOpposed William Berkeley High taxesHigh taxes Favoritism toward large plantation ownersFavoritism toward large plantation owners Bacon wanted war with Native Americans to seize land for Bacon wanted war with Native Americans to seize land for

tobaccotobacco

Where was Roanoke?Where was Roanoke? Island off of North CarolinaIsland off of North Carolina

Where was Sagadahoc?Where was Sagadahoc? Maine – mouth of Kennebec RiverMaine – mouth of Kennebec River

Where was Jamestown?Where was Jamestown? In Virginia, on a small peninsula on James RiverIn Virginia, on a small peninsula on James River

How was Jamestown saved from failure?How was Jamestown saved from failure? John Smith took over and forced colonists to work John Smith took over and forced colonists to work

– tobacco provided money to build the colony.– tobacco provided money to build the colony.

Sect. 2 – New England ColoniesSect. 2 – New England Colonies

Causes of ConflictCauses of Conflict Result of ConflictResult of Conflict

King James vs. King James vs. PilgrimsPilgrims

Pilgrims a Pilgrims a separatist group. separatist group. King attacked King attacked them for rejecting them for rejecting England’s Official England’s Official church.church.

Fled to Holland Fled to Holland first. Approached first. Approached Virginia Comp. To Virginia Comp. To arrange to settle in arrange to settle in AmericaAmerica

Puritans vs. Puritans vs. Church of Church of EnglandEngland

Religious beliefs Religious beliefs Wanted church of Wanted church of England to England to “purify” its “purify” its practicespractices

Bad treatment by Bad treatment by King. Left England King. Left England to form colonies in to form colonies in America .Great America .Great MigrationMigration

Causes of Causes of ConflictConflict

Result of Result of ConflictConflict

Puritan leaders Puritan leaders vs. Roger vs. Roger WilliamsWilliams

Opposed forced Opposed forced attendance at attendance at church. Opposed church. Opposed taking Native taking Native lands by forcelands by force

Left and started Left and started Rhode IslandRhode Island

Puritan leaders Puritan leaders vs. Anne vs. Anne HutchinsonHutchinson

Believed person Believed person could worship could worship God without help God without help of church, of church, minister or Bibleminister or Bible

Banished and fled Banished and fled to Rhode Islandto Rhode Island

Causes of Causes of ConflictConflict

Result of ConflictResult of Conflict

Quakers vs. Quakers vs. Massachusetts Massachusetts CommonwealthCommonwealth

Believed that Believed that each person could each person could know God know God directly through directly through an inner light – an inner light – no minister or no minister or bible needed. bible needed. Treat Native Treat Native Americans fairlyAmericans fairly

Called Quakers. Called Quakers. Whipped, Whipped, imprisoned or imprisoned or hung. .Left for hung. .Left for Rhode IslandRhode Island

Causes of Causes of ConflictConflict

Result of Result of ConflictConflict

King Philip’s King Philip’s WarWar

Americans – land Americans – land belonged to belonged to person or group. person or group. Native Americans Native Americans – land belonged – land belonged to everyone. to everyone. Religion.Religion.

Increased Increased population of population of EuropeansEuropeans

Colonial victory. Colonial victory. Destruction of 12 Destruction of 12 colonial villages-colonial villages-600 military -600 military -3000 Native 3000 Native Americans killed.Americans killed.

King Philip King Philip killed500 Native killed500 Native Americans Americans enslavedenslaved

Causes of Causes of ConflictConflict

Result of Result of ConflictConflict

Salem Salem Witchcraft Witchcraft TrialsTrials

Younger Younger generations – generations – different religious different religious view than that of view than that of parents. False parents. False accusations. accusations. Witch huntsWitch hunts

Arrests, trials and Arrests, trials and execution for execution for witchcraft.witchcraft.

What was the Mayflower Compact?What was the Mayflower Compact?

Vowed to obey laws agreed upon for Vowed to obey laws agreed upon for the good of the colonythe good of the colony

Helped establish the idea of self-Helped establish the idea of self-government and majority rulegovernment and majority rule

PILGRIMS LANDPILGRIMS LAND

How did Squanto and Samoset help the How did Squanto and Samoset help the Pilgrims?Pilgrims? Interpreter between Pilgrims and Chief Interpreter between Pilgrims and Chief

MassasoitMassasoit Negotiated a peace treatyNegotiated a peace treaty Showed them how to plant, hunt and fishShowed them how to plant, hunt and fish

Describe the First Thanksgiving.Describe the First Thanksgiving. Three day feastThree day feast Represented the peace that existed at the Represented the peace that existed at the

time between Native Americans and time between Native Americans and PilgrimsPilgrims

What was the New England Way?What was the New England Way? Congregation – group of people who belonged to the Congregation – group of people who belonged to the

same churchsame church Set up own townSet up own town

Meeting houseMeeting house Most important buildingMost important building Gathered for town meetingsGathered for town meetings

A form of self governmentA form of self government Made laws and other decisions for the Made laws and other decisions for the

communitycommunity Only male church members could vote or Only male church members could vote or

hold officehold office

By law all had to attend church servicesBy law all had to attend church services Sermon provided instruction in New England Sermon provided instruction in New England

WayWay Emphasized duty, godliness, hard work and Emphasized duty, godliness, hard work and

honestyhonesty Dancing and playing games would lead to Dancing and playing games would lead to

lazinesslaziness God requires them to work long and hard at God requires them to work long and hard at

their vocationtheir vocation Work ethic contributed to rapid growth and Work ethic contributed to rapid growth and

success of New England Coloniessuccess of New England Colonies Depended on Education – laws required that all Depended on Education – laws required that all

children be able to readchildren be able to read

Who founded Connecticut?Who founded Connecticut? Thomas HookerThomas Hooker

What is the Fundamental Orders of What is the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?Connecticut?

A constitutionA constitution Extended voting rights to non-church Extended voting rights to non-church

membersmembers Limited the power of the governorLimited the power of the governor Expanded the idea of representative Expanded the idea of representative

government government

Describe the Beginning of New Describe the Beginning of New Hampshire?Hampshire?

Village near PortsmouthVillage near Portsmouth John Wheelwright – town of ExeterJohn Wheelwright – town of Exeter Exeter Compact – based on Mayflower Exeter Compact – based on Mayflower

CompactCompact

FOUNDING THE MIDDLE AND FOUNDING THE MIDDLE AND SOUTHERN COLONIESSOUTHERN COLONIES

What attracted Catholics, Quakers and Jews What attracted Catholics, Quakers and Jews to these colonies?to these colonies? Religious freedomReligious freedom

What economic activities were important in What economic activities were important in the Middle Colonies?the Middle Colonies? Hudson and Delaware river supported shipping Hudson and Delaware river supported shipping

and commerceand commerce River valleys had rich soil and mild wintersRiver valleys had rich soil and mild winters Conditions favorable for farming and raising Conditions favorable for farming and raising

livestocklivestock

What area did New Netherland include?What area did New Netherland include? Included Hudson river Valley, Long Island, land along Included Hudson river Valley, Long Island, land along

Delaware riverDelaware river

Explain the Patroon system. How did help Explain the Patroon system. How did help attract settlers to New Netherland?attract settlers to New Netherland? Patroon systemPatroon system

Person brought 50 settlersPerson brought 50 settlers Reward – patron received large land grantReward – patron received large land grant Special privileges in hunting, fishing and fur Special privileges in hunting, fishing and fur

trading on landtrading on land Jews, Africans as slaves, indentured servants Jews, Africans as slaves, indentured servants

and Puritansand Puritans

How did the English acquire New How did the English acquire New Netherland?Netherland? Peter Stuyvesant – governorPeter Stuyvesant – governor

Attacked New SwedenAttacked New Sweden New Sweden surrenderedNew Sweden surrendered

Explain how the Duke of York became owners Explain how the Duke of York became owners of New York?of New York?

King Charles II wanted Duke to drive Dutch out King Charles II wanted Duke to drive Dutch out of Netherlandof Netherland

Dutch a threat to England’s tradeDutch a threat to England’s trade Threat because of expanding settlements and Threat because of expanding settlements and

locationlocation When Duke’s ships appeared off New When Duke’s ships appeared off New

Amsterdam the colony surrenderedAmsterdam the colony surrendered Became a proprietary colony of New YorkBecame a proprietary colony of New York Duke was ownerDuke was owner

How did the province of New Jersey How did the province of New Jersey come about?come about? Duke of York gave province of New Jersey Duke of York gave province of New Jersey

to George Carteret and Lord John Berkeleyto George Carteret and Lord John Berkeley How did the owners of the New Jersey How did the owners of the New Jersey

colony attract settlers?colony attract settlers? Promised freedom of religionPromised freedom of religion Large grants of landLarge grants of land Representative assemblyRepresentative assembly

How did Wm. Penn receive the land How did Wm. Penn receive the land called Pennsylvania?called Pennsylvania?

Joined the QuakersJoined the QuakersAttacked for his beliefsAttacked for his beliefsKing Charles gave him large piece of King Charles gave him large piece of

land in America in partial payment to land in America in partial payment to his familyhis family

Called Pennsylvania – Means “Penns Called Pennsylvania – Means “Penns Woods”Woods”

Created a colony for QuakersCreated a colony for Quakers

How did Penn’s religious beliefs affect How did Penn’s religious beliefs affect the way he governed Pennsylvania?the way he governed Pennsylvania? QuakersQuakers

All people should live in peace and All people should live in peace and harmonyharmony

Welcomed different religions and ethnic Welcomed different religions and ethnic groupsgroups

Wanted Native Americans to be treated Wanted Native Americans to be treated fairlyfairly

Policies made Pennsylvania one of the Policies made Pennsylvania one of the wealthiest of American Colonieswealthiest of American Colonies

How did Delaware come about?How did Delaware come about?

Granted three lower counties of Delaware Granted three lower counties of Delaware their own Assembly – became Delawaretheir own Assembly – became Delaware

What attracted settlers to the Southern What attracted settlers to the Southern Colonies?Colonies?

Maryland, Carolinas and GeorgiaMaryland, Carolinas and Georgia Soil and climate suitable for crops such Soil and climate suitable for crops such

as tobacco, rice and indigoas tobacco, rice and indigo

Why did Lord Baltimore establish Why did Lord Baltimore establish Maryland?Maryland?

For Roman Catholics fleeing persecution in For Roman Catholics fleeing persecution in EnglandEngland

Promised religious freedom to attract more settlersPromised religious freedom to attract more settlers Passed Toleration ActPassed Toleration Act

What was Maryland’s economy What was Maryland’s economy based on?based on?

Economy based on tobaccoEconomy based on tobacco Used up the landUsed up the land Had to clear new land every 3-4 yearsHad to clear new land every 3-4 years Laborers came as servants or slavesLaborers came as servants or slaves Few women as settlersFew women as settlers

Who were the first settlers to Carolina Who were the first settlers to Carolina and how did they live?and how did they live?

Early settlers build Charles Town – Early settlers build Charles Town – CharlestonCharleston

Cut timber, raised cattle and traded with Cut timber, raised cattle and traded with Native AmericansNative Americans

Refuge for Huguenots (French Protestants) Refuge for Huguenots (French Protestants) seeking religious freedomseeking religious freedom

What changed the economy of What changed the economy of Carolina and how did this lead to the Carolina and how did this lead to the

beginning of slavery?beginning of slavery? Needed laborers to grow rice and indigoNeeded laborers to grow rice and indigo Encouraged to used enslaved AfricansEncouraged to used enslaved Africans Sold Native Americans into slaverySold Native Americans into slavery Battle between settlers and Native Battle between settlers and Native

Americans over Indian slaves and taking Americans over Indian slaves and taking of landof land

In what way did Carolina change after In what way did Carolina change after it became a royal colony?it became a royal colony?

Battle between settlers and Native Battle between settlers and Native Americans over Indian slaves and taking Americans over Indian slaves and taking of landof land

No help from owners so they overthrew No help from owners so they overthrew the rulethe rule

Became Royal Colony – governor Became Royal Colony – governor appointed by Kingappointed by King

Divided into North and South CarolinaDivided into North and South Carolina

Why did James Oglethorpe found Georgia?Why did James Oglethorpe found Georgia? Refuge for debtorsRefuge for debtors

How did the English government intent to use the How did the English government intent to use the Georgia colony?Georgia colony? English governor wanted a military outpost against English governor wanted a military outpost against

Spanish Florida and French LouisianaSpanish Florida and French Louisiana Spanish tried to force English out but unsuccessfulSpanish tried to force English out but unsuccessful

Who settled in Georgia?Who settled in Georgia? English, German, Swiss and ScottishEnglish, German, Swiss and Scottish All religions welcomeAll religions welcome

Why did Oglethorpe lose control and what Why did Oglethorpe lose control and what happened to the colony?happened to the colony? Oglethorpe set strict rules that upset colonistsOglethorpe set strict rules that upset colonists King made a royal colony King made a royal colony

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