International Research Journal of

Vol. 5(2), 36-39, February (201

International Science Community Association

Seasonal Variations of some Physico

Mandir Talao, Virar, Palghar, Maharashtra, India

Anushri Kini1, Johnson Varkey

1, Ajay Tripathi

1Department of Zoology, Viva College, Virar, Palghar, India2Department of Zoology, Bhavan’s H. Somani College, Chowpatty, Mumbai

Available online at: www.isca.in, www.isca.meReceived 5th January

Abstract

Bolinj ram Mandir Talao is situated in Bolinj, Near Virar Town

47'60'' E. Talao water is used for various purposes like Ganpati Idol Immersion, ritual ceremony, washing, irrigations etc.

Current study analysis the seasonal variations of various important Physico

Talao, Virar. Most of the parameters are Turbidit

observation suggest that Talao water is fairly contaminated by adopting and implementing modern scientific

technological measures, the lake can be reconstituted

Keywords: Bolinj, Talao, Parameters.

Introduction

One of the most vital part of ecosystem are lakes. It provides important habitat and food resources to the diverse aquatic life. The lake is subjected to a range of physical, chemical and biological problems due to human activities, climate change has is of major concern as it can diminish their aesthetic beauty, recreational value, water quality and habitat suitabilitythe lakes, especially near residential areas are polluted because of anthropogenic activities. The deterioration of lake water affects the aquatic life and causes hindrance in its traditional uses.

India has a large number of beautiful lakes and water bodies. India being a religious country which celebrates many festival like Ganesh Chaturti and Durga Puja that includes the worshiand immersion of idols of God and Goddess into water bodies. Instead of traditional methods currently the idols of deities are made of low grade plastic, cement and plaster of Paris and are painted with harmful toxic dyes

2 theses paints contains non

degradable metals and organic pollutants that tend to accumulate in various vital organs of fishes which may lead to long term toxic effects and the intake of such fishes in one’s diet also induce structural and functional abnormalities in different organs of fishes and humans

3. The environment faces serious

problem due to idol immersion as it disturbs the entire ecological balance by polluting water and adversely affecting the flora and fauna. Water is the basic need from microorganisms to man. Currently all water resources have reached to a point of crisis due to unplanned urbanization and industrialization

4.

Qualitative and quantitative hydrological investigations and monitoring should be done at regularly basis to study the currentstatus of the habitat and socio-economic activities

Journal of Biological Sciences _________________________________

(2016)

Association

nal Variations of some Physico-Chemical Parameters of Bolinj Ram

Talao, Virar, Palghar, Maharashtra, India

, Ajay Tripathi 1, Smita Pillai

1, Sonali Raut

2 and Shantaj

Department of Zoology, Viva College, Virar, Palghar, India

Department of Zoology, Bhavan’s H. Somani College, Chowpatty, Mumbai-7, India

smita.pillai@vivacollege.org

Available online at: www.isca.in, www.isca.me January 2016, revised 13th January 2016, accepted 8th February 2016

ated in Bolinj, Near Virar Town, Palghar District, Maharashtra at 19° 28' 0'' N and 72°

various purposes like Ganpati Idol Immersion, ritual ceremony, washing, irrigations etc.

Current study analysis the seasonal variations of various important Physico- Chemical parameters of Bolinj Ram Mandir

Talao, Virar. Most of the parameters are Turbidity, pH, Carbonates and Bicarbonates, B.O.D., Sulphate, Hardness etc. Our

observation suggest that Talao water is fairly contaminated by adopting and implementing modern scientific

be reconstituted for a variety of purposes.

One of the most vital part of ecosystem are lakes. It provides important habitat and food resources to the diverse aquatic life. The lake is subjected to a range of physical, chemical and

due to human activities, climate change has diminish their aesthetic beauty,

recreational value, water quality and habitat suitability1. Most of

the lakes, especially near residential areas are polluted because of anthropogenic activities. The deterioration of lake water ffects the aquatic life and causes hindrance in its traditional

India has a large number of beautiful lakes and water bodies. India being a religious country which celebrates many festival

uja that includes the worship and immersion of idols of God and Goddess into water bodies. Instead of traditional methods currently the idols of deities are made of low grade plastic, cement and plaster of Paris and are

theses paints contains non-adable metals and organic pollutants that tend to

accumulate in various vital organs of fishes which may lead to long term toxic effects and the intake of such fishes in one’s diet also induce structural and functional abnormalities in different

environment faces serious problem due to idol immersion as it disturbs the entire ecological balance by polluting water and adversely affecting the flora and fauna. Water is the basic need from

ater resources have reached to a point of crisis due to unplanned urbanization and

Qualitative and quantitative hydrological investigations and monitoring should be done at regularly basis to study the current

economic activities to identify

possible solutions.

Materials and Methods

Study area: Ram Mandir Lake, Bolinj, Virar, Maharashtra was selected to study the physicocharacteristics. Its geographical location is 19° 28' 47'60'' E. During the study of this lake it is observed that, hundreds of painted Ganesh idol were immersed during Ganesh festival, even water of this lake is used for washing activities, irrigation, religious ritual practices, Sample Collection: Sample collection was done using the plastic containers which were washed in rinsed with tap water and later soaked in 10% HNOhours. Finally it was rinsed with de-During sampling, sample bottles were again rinsed with sample water three times. After sampling, the sample containers were labeled and stored in the refrigerator at about 4analysis. Analysis: Water samples were collected in triplicatesanalysis. In total 17 different physicowater quality were studied following the standard methodologies of APHA

5 that includes 7

chemical parameters. List and Results of the parameters are presented in Table-1.

Results and Discussion

The physicochemical features of Ram Mandir lake water were

affected due to various human activities

idols of god and goddess during festival season, surface run off

resulting from rainfall and washing acti

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Int. Res. J. Biological Sci.

36

Parameters of Bolinj Ram

Talao, Virar, Palghar, Maharashtra, India

Shantaj Deshbhratar2

7, India

Palghar District, Maharashtra at 19° 28' 0'' N and 72°

various purposes like Ganpati Idol Immersion, ritual ceremony, washing, irrigations etc.

Chemical parameters of Bolinj Ram Mandir

Bicarbonates, B.O.D., Sulphate, Hardness etc. Our

observation suggest that Talao water is fairly contaminated by adopting and implementing modern scientific-cum-

Ram Mandir Lake, Bolinj, Virar, Palghar District, was selected to study the physico-chemical Its geographical location is 19° 28' 0'' N and 72°

During the study of this lake it is observed that, hundreds of painted Ganesh idol were immersed during Ganesh festival, even water of this lake is used for washing activities,

and fishing by local people.

Sample collection was done using the plastic containers which were washed in non-ionic detergent, rinsed with tap water and later soaked in 10% HNO3 for 24

-ionized water prior to usage. During sampling, sample bottles were again rinsed with sample water three times. After sampling, the sample containers were labeled and stored in the refrigerator at about 4

0C prior to

Water samples were collected in triplicates and were In total 17 different physico-chemical parameters of

water quality were studied following the standard that includes 7 physical and 10

Results of the parameters are

The physicochemical features of Ram Mandir lake water were

activities such as immersion of

idols of god and goddess during festival season, surface run off

resulting from rainfall and washing activities by local people.

Research Journal of Biological Sciences ______________________

Vol. 5(2), 36-39, February (2016)

International Science Community Association

Mean values (Mean±SE) of water physicochemical parameters of Ram Mandir Lake, Bolinj, Virar,

Parameters Units

pH -

Carbonates Me/L

T.S Mg/L

T.S.S Mg/L

T.D.S Mg/L

D.O Mg/L

B.O.D Mg/L

C.O.D Mg/L

Alkalinity Mg/L

Nitrates Mg/L

Nitrites Mg/L

Inorganic Phosphates Mg/L

Organic Phosphates Mg/L

Total Phosphates Mg/L

Hardness Mg/L

Conductivity m ohms

Turbidity N.T.U

________________________________________________________

Association

Satellite view of Ram Mandir Lake

Table-1

Mean values (Mean±SE) of water physicochemical parameters of Ram Mandir Lake, Bolinj, Virar,

Maharashtra

Before immersion During immersion

7.33 6.67

Negligible Negligible

250 360

120 180

190 250

4.4 2.57

2.8 6.8

22 28

120.2 421.3

0.0335 0.0723

0.0281 0.031

0.0016 0.0030

0.0016 0.0031

0.0032 0.0062

126 184

2.79 3.57

3.2 8.3

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37

Mean values (Mean±SE) of water physicochemical parameters of Ram Mandir Lake, Bolinj, Virar, Palghar District,

Post-immersion

7.20

Negligible

285

160

210

4.3

4.7

25

200.85

0.04452

0.0232

0.0015

0.0022

0.0037

133

3.21

4.2

Research Journal of Biological Sciences _________________________________________________________ E-ISSN 2278-3202

Vol. 5(2), 36-39, February (2016) Int. Res. J. Biological Sci.

International Science Community Association 38

pH value of water is an important indication of water quality. pH plays an important role in productivity of a lake. The decreasing rate of photosynthetic activity, the assimilation of carbon dioxide and bicarbonates are responsible for increase in pH. During summers the temperature is hid due to which the oxygen values are low. There are various factors bring about changes in the ph of water

6. During monsoon season (during

idol immersion) high pH value is observed whereas during pre-monsoon (before immersion) slightly acidic pH value is observed. pH of water samples in general were slightly alkaline and were within maximum limit set for domestic use by APHA. High value of pH is attributed to the presence of sufficient quantities of carbonates in the water samples

7.

Turbidity: In natural water bodies is caused by clay, silt, organic matter, phytoplankton and microscopic organism’s etc. turbidity in lake water restricts light penetration for photosynthesis

8. Higher value for turbidity was noted during

idol immersion (monsoon season) i.e. 8.3 NTU. Total Dissolved Solids: Include salt and variety of organic substances, which readily dissolve in water and often impart a degree of hardness

9. The amount of Total dissolved solid in

natural water is determined by the geology of the drainage, rainfall and the water balance

10. The higher values of Total

Solids, Total Suspended Solids and Total Dissolved solids are observed. Elevation in these values during idol immersion (monsoon period) are determined i.e. 360mg/lit, 180mg/lit and 250mg/lit respectively. Higher concentration of total solids, total suspended solids and total dissolved solids are due to anthropogenic activities, offering flowers, garlands and other religious matter during Ganpati festival which lies during monsoon season and the surface runoff due to rain fall. Dissolved Oxygen: DO is an important factor that indicates the ability of a water body to support and sustain aquatic life. Decreased concentration of DO (< 3mg/lit) in fresh water aquatic system indicates higher pollution causing adverse effects on aquatic ecosystem

11. The aquatic life distressed and

hampered when DO levels drops to 4-2 mg/lit. And when there is a steep drop in DO level undesirable changes like odor, taste and color reduces the usefulness of water12. In the current study DO value ranges between 3-4.5mg/lit. Though the values are in normal limits, the water body can tend to lower the normal limits of DO. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD): Indicates the substances (pollutants) that consume dissolved oxygen and add to the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD). Such substances come from human waste. The amount of dissolved oxygen used up during oxidation by bacteria of the organic matter in a sample of water is called Biochemical Oxygen Demand. Water is rated as pure if the BOD is 1ppm or less, fairly pure with a BOD of 3ppm and suspect when the BOD reaches 5ppm

13. In present

study, BOD value ranges 2-7mg/lit. During idol immersion (monsoon season) BOD value reaches up to average of 6.8 mg/lit. which shows the effect of anthropogenic activities on water quality.

The Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD): Determination is a

measure of the oxygen equivalent of that portion of the organic

matter in a sample that is susceptible to oxidation by a strong chemical oxidant

14. In the present investigation, COD values lie

in between 20-30 mg/lit. The highest values are obtained in monsoon season. Pre-monsoon and post-monsoon season shows

almost similar values for COD i.e. 22mg/lit and 25mg/lit

respectively.

Hardness: The water hardness is caused by ions such as

calcium and magnesium in combination with bicarbonates,

carbonates sulphide sulphates and other. Hard water may also

create problems to human health causing gastritis15

. Hardness

was recorded in the range of 120- 190mg/lit. It is observed that

hardness of water to be increased in monsoon season but found in the normal ranges.

Alkalinity: is a phenomena of water which has the capacity to neutralize acids. It is a measure of the water ability to absorbed hydroxyl ions without significant pH change

16. in the current

study values were high during idol immersion (monsoon) and low during before immersion (pre-monsoon) and after immersion (post-monsoon). Electrical Conductivity: is an estimate of total dissolved salts in water and water with EC values between 2.5 and 10.0mScm-1 is not recommended for human consumption and normally not suitable for irrigation

17. Present study shows the increase in

conductivity value during monsoon season. Nitrates: The concentration of Nitrates indicates the level of micronutrients in water bodies which has ability to support plant growth. Higher concentrations of Nitrate favored growth of phytoplankton

11. In nature the non-polluted tropical waters are

generally deficient in nitrate but the factors like discharge of sewage, run-off and nitrogen fixation may increase its concentration in water bodies. Organically polluted waters in general have higher concentration of ammonia, nitrogen than the others

18. Amount of nitrates obtained from study area is in

very less amount but the rise in value can be observed during

the changes occurred in monsoon period.

Phosphates: naturally are in limited source and it acts as a limiting factor for productivity of water body. Phosphate may occur in lake as result of domestic waste, detergent and agricultural runoff containing fertilizer

12. Increased value of

phosphates during idol immersion (monsoon season)is observed

in this study.

Conclusion

The present scenario of water, its resources, indiscriminate

utilization including contamination has led to its depletion and scarcity resulting into undue stress on human welfare. The

present study indicates the water is fairly contaminated and its resources have to be effectively conserved, reconstituted, treated

and managed using scientific techniques to serve the biosphere

Research Journal of Biological Sciences _________________________________________________________ E-ISSN 2278-3202

Vol. 5(2), 36-39, February (2016) Int. Res. J. Biological Sci.

International Science Community Association 39

of Ram Mandir Lake. By doing this it can then be utilized for

variety of purposes.

Recommendations: Undertake area development program to

maintain the water pollution. Schemes to be planned for the development of areas around the water bodies into parks or

picnic spots. Arrangement of artificial ponds especially for

Ganesh Visarjan and Durga puja. Open defecation of animals

and vehicle/ animal washing into lake should be prohibited. Sewage should not be disposed in this water bodies. Public

awareness programs to be arranged for using the eco friendly

Ganesh idols.

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