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Seas at Risk
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
Françoise Bonnet – ACR+ Secretary General
Brussels, 13 March 2013
Presentation outline
What is EPR?
EU waste policy and EPR
EPR schemes in Europe
EPR and Plastic
EPR and marine litter
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
What is EPR?
EPR is an environmental policy approach
in which a producer’s responsibility for a
product is extended to the post-consumer
stage of a product’s life cycle (OECD, 2010)
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
EPR : an economic tool
to strengthen each level of
the waste hierarchy Prevention
Prepare for reuse
Recycling
Other recovery
Disposal
Eco-contribution = eco-design
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
Waste hierarchy
Polluter pay
Su
sta
inab
le
develo
pm
en
t Proximity
Principles and policies
to consider
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
Implementation of Extended Producer’s
Responsibility
Binding provisions
OR
Voluntary approach
OR
Both systems combined
OR
Collective or individual
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
EU waste policy
and EPR (1)
Continuous increasing influence of EPR
in EU law:
• 1996: Communication on the Review of the
Community Strategy for Waste Management (EU
Commission)
• 6th Community Environment Action Programme
(Decision 1600/2002, art. 8 § 2)
• Underlined in several specific legislations (packaging,
ELV, WEEE, batteries, Waste Framework Directive)
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
Waste Framework Directive 2008/98
Art. 8
1. In order to strengthen the re-use and the prevention, recycling and
other recovery of waste, Member States may take legislative or non-
legislative measures to ensure that any natural or legal person who
professionally develops, manufactures, processes, treats, sells or imports
products (producer of the product) has extended producer responsibility.
Art. 14
1. In accordance with the polluter-pays principle, the costs of waste
management shall be borne by the original waste producer or by the
current or previous waste holders..
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
EU waste policy
and EPR (2)
Resource Efficiency Roadmap (20/09/2011)
MS … assess measures to extend producer responsibility to the
full life-cycle of the products they make (including via new
business models, through guidance on take-back and recycling
schemes and support for repair services)…
EC .. assess the introduction of minimum recycled material rates,
durability and re-usability criteria and extensions of producer
responsibility for key products (in 2012).
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
EU waste policy
and EPR (3)
EU Directives Member States
EPR schemes
in Europe
• Packaging
• Batteries & accumulators
• End-of-Life vehicles
• Waste Electric &
electronic equipment
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
• Packaging
• Batteries & accumulators
• End-of-Life vehicles
• Waste Electric &
electronic equipment
• Pharmaceuticals
• Tires
• Waste oils
• Paper
• Paints
• Building materials
• Pesticides
• Furniture
EPR and plastic
Plastic waste generated by sectors of activities (UE 27+ CH & NO)
(Source : Plastics Europe 2009)
• Directive packaging:
22,5 % for plastic
• Directive WEEE and
ELV: General Objectives of
recycling should be specified
by type of material
• Remaining sectors (27%)
Nothing
Directive for the
remaining plastics ?
Resin approach
complementary to
sectoral approach ?
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
Plastic & recycling requirements in EU law
Quantitative prevention and recycling
Rate for recyclable plastic bottles:
0.1387€/kg
Rate for other recyclable plastic
packaging: 0.3273€/kg
Qualitative and quantitative prevention
Rate for clear PET bottles: 0.2422€/kg
Rate for other bottles : 0.2447€/kg
Rate for other plastics: 0.2806€/kg
Contribution per Unit
Plus : sorting message instruction(-2%),
eco-design activities (-2%).
Minus : disruptive sorting(+50%), non
recyclable bottles(+100%)
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
Eco contribution
EPR and
marine litter (1)
Considering :
• 80 % of litter enters the marine environment
from land-based sources
• Plastics account for 50 to 80 % of marine litter
(Barnes and al, 2009)
• « Large amount of marine litter and litter found
on beaches is packaging » (Background document)
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
• EPR on packaging: what more?
• EPR on plastics ?
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
EPR and
marine litter (2)
• EPR on packaging: what more?
Need of more ambitous recycling target;
Higher specific target for each category of
packaging (especially plastic);
Clear EPR obligations: Full collection and
treatement cost recovery by the producers ,
including litter clean-up cost
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
EPR and
marine litter (3)
cfr
• The case of Belgium: 0,50cent /inh/year Fost
Plus contribution to prevention measures,
including awarness campaign on litter
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
EPR and
marine litter (4)
• EPR on packaging: what more?
• More ambitious objectives at EU level:
22,5% recycling = 77,5% energy recovery
50% general objective of the WFD for municipal waste should
apply per material (plastic)
• All targets should be clarified at EU level: quantity collected per capita / quantity sorted /
quantity recycled
• Priority to recycling vs downcycling (distinct
objectives)
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
EPR and
marine litter (5)
Eco-taxes
Tax
rebates
Raw materials
Recycled products
(Selective) collection
Products
Waste
Raw material
taxes
EPR fees
Deposit
refunds
Waste collection
taxes (PAYT)
Landfill taxes
Life
cycle
Secondary raw materials
Incineration taxes
Tax rebates
design
manufacturing
distribution us
e
reuse
recycling recovery
Subsidies
Subsidies /Financial aids
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
Mix of juridical-economic
instruments needed
Need of a mix of juridical-economic instruments
but already with a well-designed EPR scheme,
possibility to work on:
• Prevention level
• Recycling level
• Elimination (if ambitous recycling rate)
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
Mix of juridical-economic
instruments needed
ACR+ EPR Club
initatives:
• Create a platform for exchange and
dissemination of good EPR practices
amongst key stakeholders and experts
• Allow a dialogue on EU Policy
developments and technical implementation
of EPR schemes
• Proposals « Towards common principles for
EPR in Europe »
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
ACR+ EPR Club
intiatives Events 2012/ 2013
Conference Launch
EPR Club
June 2012
Lunch Conference Packaging
waste
Oct. 2012
Nov. 2012
Lunch Conference GLOBE,BEE,
ACR+
Sept. 2013
May. 2013
Feb. 2013
Annual EPR Conference
19 Sept.
Conference EPR –
Polish case 14 May
Conference WEEE
targets
2012 2013
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
Join EPR Club
Type of
membership
Fee (€)
(period covered:2012/2013)
Standard
membership 500
NGO & students 150
ACR+ members Free
ACR+ EPR Club: A powerful tool to strengthen the waste
hierarchy and reach a Resource Efficient Europe
To join the ACR+ EPR Club, visit:
Web: www.eprclub.eu
Email: [email protected]
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
Enshrining EPR concept
through EU law
Thank you for your attention!