SEALANT TECHNOLOGY IN GLAZING SYSTEMS

A symposium sponsored by ASTM Committee C-24 on Building Seals and Sealants AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS Philadelphia, Pa., 16 June 1976

ASTM SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION 638 C. O. Peterson Jr., symposium chairman

List price $9.50 04-638000-10

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 19103

© by American Society for Testing and Materials 1977 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 77-083433

NOTE The Society is not responsible, as a body,

for the statements and opinions advanced in this publication.

Printed in Moorestown, N.J. Nov. 1977

Foreword

The symposium on Sealant Technology in Glazing Systems was presented at the American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, Pa., 16 June 1976. ASTM Committee C-24 on Building Seals and Sealants sponsored the symposium. CO. Peterson, Jr., PPG Industries, presided as symposium chairman.

Related ASTM Publications

Building Seals and Sealants, STP 606 (1976), $36.00, 04-606000-10

Roofing Systems, STP 603 (1976), $14.75, 04-603000-10

Window and Wall Testing, STP 552 (1974), $6.25, 04-552000-10

A Note of Appreciation to Reviewers

This publication is made possible by the authors and, also, the unheralded efforts of the reviewers. This body of technical experts whose dedication, sacrifice of time and effort, and collective wisdom in reviewing the papers must be acknowledged. The quality level of ASTM publications is a direct function of their respected opinions. On behalf of ASTM we acknowledge their contribution with appreciation.

ASTM Committee on Publications

Editorial Staff Jane B. Wheeler, Managing Editor

Helen M. Hoersch, Associate Editor Ellen J. McGlinchey, Senior Assistant Editor

Kathleen P. Zirbser, Assistant Editor Sheila G. Pulver, Assistant Editor

Contents

Introduction 1

Architectural Considerations in Glazing—M. D. FLYNN 3 Primary Considerations in Glazing 3 Comprehensive Glazing Design 5 Trends 9 Conclusion 10

Applicator Considerations in Glazing—N. S. COLLYER 11 Specifications 11 Contractor Personnel 12 Details 12 Sealant Materials 12 Wall Design 13 Type of Glass 13 Ultraviolet Rays 13 Weather 13 Personnel 14 Surface Preparation 14 Building Type 14 Protective Coatings 14 Compatibility 15 Special Systems 15 Sealant Characteristics 15 Conclusion 16

Multiple Wet Sealant Glazing-E. E. GRIEVE 17 Contemporary Applications 17 Adequate Support for the Glass 18 Sealant Selection 18 Flow-in-Place Sealants 19 Framing Members 20

Overcoming Problems in the Industry 20 Reglaze Considerations 21 Meeting the Challenge 21

Preformed Glazing-G. W. SNIDER 23 Research Evolution 24 Development Testing 24 Examples of Performance Characteristics 25 Preformed Glazing Tapes 25 Cost and Life Expectancy 29 Glazing Systems for High Performance Glass 29 Sash Design 30 Glazing Safety Glass 33 Size Dictates Method 34 Replacements 34 Engineered Test Practices 36 Good Glazing Practices 39 Glazing into Wood Sash 40 Summary 40

Compression Seal Gaskets-H. R. BROWN 41 Glazing with Compression Gaskets—Dense and Cellular Neoprene 50 A Few Points Worth Remembering 51

Structural Aspects of Lock-Strip Gasket Glazing-W. A. OBERDICK 52 Lock-Strip Gasket Push-Out Test—Factors and Rationale 53 Background Tests for Correlation 56 Engineering Approach 62 Solar Collector Applications 63 Design Criteria 63 General Conclusion 65

Structural Sealant Glazing-J. R. HILLIARD, C. J. PARISE, AND C. O. PETERSON, JR. 67

Concept 67 Basic Components 68 All-Glass System 73 Total-Wall System 80 Strip-Window System 88 Testing and Quality Control 93 Installation 93 Durability 97 Future Trends 99

Glazing Recommendations for Large Insulating Glass Units— B.M. JOHNSTON 100

Rabbet, Blocking, and Gasket Design 100 Curtain Wall Framing Considerations 103 Effect of Building Movement on Curtain Wall Framing and

Glazing Systems 105