Sea Your Future Full Set Final

8/12/2019 Sea Your Future Full Set Final

1/40

Sea YourFutureA Guide toMarine Careers

Sponsored by


3/40

Sea Your Future A Guide to Marine Careers 1

CONTENTS2

4

8

10

12

15

20

22

24

28

30

32

14

34

18How aboutOFFSHORE RENEWABLE ENERGY?

INTRODUCTION

How aboutMARINE ENGINEERING?How aboutNAVAL ARCHITECTURE?How aboutSHIPBUILDINGand BOATBUILDING?How aboutSHIPREPAIRand CONVERSION?How aboutMARINE SURVEYING?How aboutOFFSHORE ENGINEERINGand TECHNOLOGY?

How aboutHYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYING?How aboutWORKING IN PORTS?How aboutOCEANOGRAPHYor MARINE METEOROLOGY?How aboutMARINE BIOLOGY?How aboutDIVINGor working with UNDERWATER VEHICLES?How about aCAREER IN MARINE LEISURE?

CHOICES, COURSES, CASHand CONTACTS...


4/40

Sea Your Future A Guide to Marine Careers2

SEA YOUR FUTUREA Guide to Marine Career

With 70% of the earths surface covered by oceans,and 90% of the worlds trade carried by ship, itshardly surprising that there are lots of related careeropportunities, especially if youre interested in

engineering, science and technology! Our oceans and seasare of great importance not only are they used for shipping,

they are also important for sources of food, raw materials,energy and leisure.

Discover hidden depthsThe IMarEST Institute of Marine Engineering, Science andTechnology has produced this brochure to introduce you tosome of the exciting careers available in marine engineering,science and technology. In particular, it looks at theprofessional engineers, trained scientists, skilled techniciansand support workers who are needed in:n Marine engineeringn Naval architecturen Shipbuilding and boatbuildingn Shiprepair and conversionn Offshore engineering and technologyn Hydrographic surveyingn Portsn Oceanography and marine meteorologyn Marine biologyn Diving or working with underwater

vehiclesn Marine leisuren Marine surveying

For each of the areas listed above, you cannd out:n what opportunities there are and what

people do in their different jobsn the skills and personal qualities you needn entry, training and qualicationsn typical employersn prospects for career progression.

You can also read what a few peopleworking in these areas have to say abouttheir careers.

Besides the maritime careers described inthis brochure, there are many others toomany to list here!

Reap the rewards in a marine career!The marine environment offers a range of varied, challengingand fascinating careers. In many cases youll be working withcutting-edge science and technology. You could be in charge ofthe machinery on a cruise liner, making a signicant contributionto designing a new ship, helping to protect an endangeredspecies or developing sources of renewable energy! Marineengineering, science and technology careers offer excellentopportunities for specialisation and career development.

Pay very much depends on the nature of the job and theemployer, but generally, salaries are very competitive. See

page 36 for an idea of salaries in some ofthe career areas. Many employers offer arange of benets, such as private healthinsurance for example.

Career opportunties all over the worldIn the marine industry there are careeropportunities all over the world. There area growing number of interesting roles inthe maritime sector of shipping and shipsupport, and in the marine environmentaland research areas of marine science andoperational oceanography. Useful websitesfor the UK are www.mntb.com,www.ukmarinealliance.com andwww.seavision.org.uk

If you want to work for an employeroverseas, generally, the relevant authority

in the country where you want to work orstudy has the responsibility of recognisingand accepting international qualications.

US Coast Guard


5/40


You can get advice on the comparability of yourqualications by contacting various NARICs (NationalRecognition Information Centres) and ENIC (EuropeanNetwork of Information Centres).

If you are from overseas and want to work or study in the UK

you can nd out how your skills and qualications comparewith those in the UK either by contacting the IMarEST (seebelow) or UK NARIC. UK NARIC is the official informationprovider in the UK on the comparability of academic,vocational and professional qualications from over 180countries.

UK NARIC Qualications and Skills Division, Oriel House,Oriel Road, Cheltenham GL50 1XP. Tel: +44 (0)871 330 7033www.naric.org.uk

The UK National Reference Point for Vocational Qualications(UK NRP) is the agency responsible for evaluating internationalvocational qualications for those from overseas.

UK NRP address and telephone number as for UK NARIC.www.uknrp.org.uk

If you are from the UK, have a vocational qualication andplan to work abroad, there are agencies that can help assessthe comparability of your qualication. Agencies in the

European NRP Network canbe found onwww.uknrp.org.uk

If you plan to work in EuropeEuropass is a collection of

documents that record yourskills and qualications tomake it easier to changeemployers and work indifferent European countries.

UK National EuropassCentre (UK NEC) address as for UK NARIC.Tel: +44 (0)871 330 8341www.uknec.org.uk

Make a splash dosomething different!Dont be put off a careeridea because of otherpeoples stereotyped viewsof engineering, science andtechnology. For example,women are currently underrepresented in these areas, sothere are all sorts of initiatives to help, such as taster coursesand special career events. For information, see:www.wisecampaign.org.uk

Sounds good?If you enjoy maths, biology, physics, geography, chemistry,electronics, computing or geology, then you may well besuited to a marine career.

If you are interested in any of the careers described in thisbrochure, there are plenty of ways to nd out more, such as:n talking to your personal/careers advisern contacting the relevant organisations listed under the

different career areas, or looking at their websitesn contacting the Institute of Marine Engineering, Science

and Technology (IMarEST) Aldgate House, 33 AldgateHigh Street, London EC3N 1EN Tel: +44 (0)20 7382 2600.

www.imarest.orgn using the information sources listed at the end of this

brochure under Choices, courses, cash and contacts.

US Coast Guard

J

o h n E

l d e r

Eric Wolff/BAS


6/40


How about MARINE ENGINEER

Marine engineers are responsible for the efficient,safe and environmentally clean operation ofmachinery and systems onboard a ship or a rig,and for the men and women in their charge. They

are involved with the design, construction, installation,operation, maintenance and repair of the main propulsionengines and auxiliary machinery and systems found in allkinds of ships, boats and offshore installations. Dependingon the job, they may also be responsible for everyoneworking in the engine room. Professional engineers aresupported in their work by engineering technicians.

What does a marine engineer do?Those operating at Incorporated and Chartered Engineer level ensure that engines and systems work efficiently anddevelop and deal with new and emerging technology. Theseprofessional engineers need management expertise in orderto employ staff and operate plant efficiently and within thelaw for safety and environmental protection. EngineeringTechnicians deal with day-to-day engineering work, typicallyleading specialist teams.

In shipbuilding and marine engineering companiesMarine engineers work on engines and auxiliary equipment inthe boatbuilding and shipbuilding industries and associated

companies. A number of engineering disciplines such asmechanical, electronic and structural are involved. Marineengineers need to understand the effects of wind, wavesand corrosion. Ships, boats, underwater structures, and

the systems within them must be capable of operating indemanding conditions.

In merchant naviesMarine engineers employed by merchant shippingcompanies work on different kinds of vessels, from cruiseships to tankers. They are responsible for the operation andmaintenance of the engines, as well as the electrical andelectronic equipment. Engineering ratings undertake routinemaintenance and repair work in the engine room, checkinstrument readings and operate controls.

Marine Electro-Technical Officers (METOs)These specialist officers work within the engineeringdepartment where they take particular responsibility for themaintenance of onboard control engineering and electronicsystems including propulsion control, radio communicationsand electronic navigation aids.

METOs have the opportunity to develop their careersalong a professional electrical engineering path, perhapsleading to the rank of Chief Electro-Technical Officer, ChiefTechnical Officer or Electrical Superintendent (companydependent).

In defence naviesNaval vessels (such as those in the UKs Royal Navy) ensurethe safety of ports, sea lanes and offshore resources, as wellas contributing to peacekeeping duties. Marine engineers andtechnicians serve in vessels such as frigates, minehunters,or aircraft carriers. Some work in submarines; although thisoption is not available for women at time of press.

In surveyingMarine surveyors are concerned with vessels they look attheir structure and design and may also be involved in thevaluation of vessels for insurance or sale purposes.

Technical surveyors work alongside marine surveyors,conducting routine work and providing assistance andspecialist knowledge.

M

A N D i e s e

l


7/40


What skills and personal qualities do you need?A marine engineer needs:n an interest in maths, science and nautical mattersn practical and technical skillsn problem-solving abilityn a high level of numeracyn teamworking and leadership skillsn for some jobs, to be prepared to work away from home

for long periods.

What about entry, training and qualifications?

Incorporated and Chartered EngineersTo become an Incorporated or Chartered Marine Engineer,you normally start by taking a degree accredited bythe IMarEST in a relevant subject, such as mechanicalengineering, marine technology or ship science. Forinformation on higher education entry requirements, Seepage 35. Other entry routes are available.

To gain Incorporated Engineer or Chartered Engineerstatus, after graduating, you need to follow a period of on-the-job learning before an assessment of your technical andmanagerial competence at a professional review. It is alsopossible to study marine engineering at postgraduate levelalthough you will need an engineering or science basedqualication rst.

Craft and technician level workn With a few suitable GCSEs, or equivalent, you can start

craft training, learning on the job and at a college orrms training school, working towards NVQs. This may

be through an Apprenticeship in marine engineering.n With at least four GCSEs at grades A*-C, or equivalent

including english, maths and science you can applyfor engineering technician training, possibly through anAdvanced apprenticeship, working towards an NVQlevel 3. Alternatively, you could enter training aftergaining a relevant qualication, such as a BTEC Nationalqualication, through full-time study.

n To achieve Engineering Technician status, youadditionallly need to complete a period of technical andmanagerial work experience.

Entry and training in the Merchant NavyThe main route into engineer officer training in the UKMerchant Navy is through a foundation degree in marineengineering sponsorship is available through shippingcompanies. For entry, you need 120 UCAS Tariff points (Seepage 35) and at least four GCSEs at grades A*-B/C includingenglish, maths and a physics or double-award science. Thefoundation degree takes at least three years and combinestraining at college and at sea. In addition, you get the EngineerOfficer of the Watch Certicate which enables you to work onships anywhere in the world. Other entry routes are available.


8/40


The recruitment of engineering ratings is more limited contact shipping companies to enquire about trainingopportunities. Most shipping companies expect some GCSEs,or equivalent for entry. Training involves periods spent atcollege and training at sea. You work towards an NVQ level 2in marine engineering or similar.

Entry and training in the UKs Royal NavyThere are several routes of entry for engineer officers . Allengineer officers are educated to degree level although entryis not restricted to graduates. There are various sponsorship,scholarship and bursary schemes to assist students atadvanced level and at degree level. Officer training starts atthe Britannia Royal Naval College, Dartmouth, followed by afurther period of training at sea followed by specialist trainingat one of the two Royal Navy engineering training colleges.

Engineering Technicians can specialise in marine engineeringor weapons engineering or on submarines. After initial naval

M A N D i e s e

l

How did you become interested in the marine environment?I grew up in Cornwall and always enjoyed sailing and being near thewater. At school I enjoyed science, maths and physics, so an engineeringdegree seemed like the obvious choice for me.

What was your entry route?I took A levels in maths, physics and design technology, and then beganan IMarEST accredited Marine Systems Technology degree at PlymouthUniversity. After graduating in 1999, I joined BMT Defence Services, whospecialise in independent naval engineering and design.

How has your career progressed so far?At rst I worked at the head office in Bath and was involved in many

discrete engineering projects primarily in support of the MoD and RoyalNavy (RN) surface ships and submarines. Typical projects includedengineering feasibility studies, risk assessments, system and equipmentdesign changes, and platform surveys. I was also involved in detailedstudies for new naval ship designs.

After 3 years I was seconded to the SSMG as a Senior Platform DesignEngineer. The SSMG provides engineering and design services supportfor the RN submarine eet. I spent 3 years at the SSMG before moving tothe Aircraft Carrier Alliance as the Weight Engineering Manager where Ilooked after the development of the weight and centre of gravity for thenew RN aircraft carriers. After a period of 6 years I moved back to theSSMG as the Ship Systems and Propulsion Manager.

Whilst working for BMT Defence Services, I took an ILM level 4Introductory Diploma in Management. Ive also attended many differentcourses to build on the work skills I use on a day-to-day basis, includingreport writing, negotiating and presentation skills. In 2008 I achievedChartered Engineer status through the IMarEST.

CASE STUDY

Neil Hodges is the Ship Systems &Propulsion Manager for the Submarine SupportManagement Group (SSMG). Neil has beenemployed by BMT Defence Services for 13 years,and has been seconded to his current positionsince 2011. Neil is based in Bristol, although healso visits other areas of the UK with his work.

What are your main responsibilities/tasks?I am responsible for a team of 10 engineers who provide projectmanagement, engineering and design services support to the in-servicesubmarines section of the MoD. We work alongside the MoD to helpmaintain the in-surface submarine otilla by providing specic support in themechanical/marine engineering area of submarine systems and propulsion.The team conduct the technical and project management aspects and Isupport their activities and certify their work. My responsibilities also includecreating and fullling management processes that are necessary to ensurethe efficient management and control of the team.

I am mainly office based but regularly visit the various dockyards toinform specic project activities.

What are the main qualities and skills you need to do your job?Apart from an appropriate degree and on the job experience, its importantto have good team and communication skills. Strong organisational skills andproject management abilities are also useful, but these are all skills that youcan develop whilst you are working. My secondments have denitely helpedstrengthen my abilities in these areas.

Where do you see your career heading?I am very happy working for BMT Defence Services. I started as a graduateengineer and I am now a managing engineer; my wish is to continueadvancing my career within the company. My current role continues torepresent a positive challenge that keeps me motivated and interested,therefore I am content to continue in the eld of in-service submarinesupport.

What do you enjoy most about your job?I enjoy my work because its challenging. Different problems crop up dailyand I enjoy the variety this creates. It is great working for a company withso many opportunities. BMT Defence Services has sister companies allover the world, so I may have the chance to relocate to another country.

Do you have any tips for someone considering a similar career to yours?I think its important to take an accredited course. When I waslooking into my next step after A levels, I didnt realise how muchan accredited degree would help me develop my career later on bymaking the road to chartership that much simpler. If I had not chosenan accredited degree, I would have had to have done further studyand examinations. Its denitely worth doing some research into thedegree courses youre interested in, and getting advice from therelevant professional body. I also think i ts important to work for acompany who will support and encourage you to continue learnin g, soyou can reach your full potential.


9/40


How did you become interested in the marine environment?My siblings and I were brought up at sea as my father is a Master Marinerand historically all the men in my family for generations went to sea. Onour trips with our father he taught us the normal navigational things e.g.taking bearings and steering etc, but we were also sent down into theengine room.

During these periods in the engine room and growing up pulling apartmarine diesel engines and auxiliary equipment I decided at 13 I wouldbecome a Marine Engineer.

What was your entry route?Whilst at high school in Australia we have a compulsory period where wego out and work in our chosen elds doing work experience. I worked for 2weeks with what was then the Maritime Water Board Sydney on the Sydneyharbour tugs and ferries. After which I applied for a cadetship with shippingcompanies in Australia and obtained a cadetship with BHP Transport.After I completed my cadetship with BHP Transport I came out of collegewith a degree in Marine Engineering and enough seatime to obtain myWatchkeepers qualication. It was about this time that the Australianshipping industry collapsed and most of us went over seas to othershipping companies.

How has your career progressed so far?I was fortunate enough to join Shell and then BP for 12 years. During mytime with BP I obtained my further tickets cumulating in Combined ChiefEngineer Motor and Steam (Oil and Gas). Again I was fortunate to have a

mentor who not only saw potential in me, he also could have those difficultconversations with me.

I am now Director of Vetting and Audits for Europe and Asia with Phillips66, an oil company.

What are your main responsibilities/tasks?I look after marine risk management for the transportation of ourcargoes to and from our berths in Europe and Asia/Pacic. I have a teamin both regions that I manage.

What are the main qualities and skills you need to do your job?The skills required include: management of people, understanding theindustry, understanding the legislation governing our industry and beingable to view and understand the risks inherent in order to mitigate themand provide a way to reduce or manage these.

Where do you see your career heading?I have now worked in oil companies, in shipping companies and doingcontract work for emergency response and training and salvage ofdistressed cargo. At this stage I am not sure where I would drive mycareer as I have been fortunate to already have extensive exposure andexperience in so many areas.

What do you enjoy most about your job?I have a great team of well experienced mariners which really makes the

job. However the challenges of the trade and the industry and all thecomplexities provide me situations that I nd motivating and enjoy.

Do you have any tips for someone considering a similar career to youThe only advice I would give is just because youre a marine engineerdoes not mean you cannot do anything else. Having engineering as abackground means there are so many other areas that we can divert intoand engineering especially with seagoing experience allows a greatfoundation for so many other opportunities ashore that provide a wealthof knowledge development and self-fullment.

CASE STUDY

Claudene Sharp is the Director ofVetting and Audits Europe & Asia for Phillips66 Ltd. Claudene joined Phillips 66 Ltd lastyear but has been in the marine industry forover 20 years from Cadet to Chief Engineer

and ashore. Claudene is based in Londonbut has lived and worked globally.

training, theres a ve-month period of specialist trainingonshore before continuing training at sea.

N.B. To work in a merchant navy and/or a defence navy,you would normally be expected to pass tness andmedical tests, have a certain standard of eyesight and beable to swim. There may also be age restrictions and otherconditions of entry.

Who employs marine engineers?Employers of marine engineers include:n shipyards, boatyards and marinasn marine engineering rmsn merchant naviesn defence navies, such as the Royal Navyn the offshore oil and gas industries and mineral-extracting

companiesn classication societiesn marine consultancies.

What about future prospects?It is possible for officers in the Merchant Navy and RoyalNavy to progress through the ranks, eventually to chiefengineer/marine engineer officer. There are routes forengineering ratings/technicians to quality as officersor professional engineers. Once you are fully trained,there are career opportunities all over the world. Marineengineering skills can be adapted to other types ofengineering.

Where can I find out more?Careers at Sea tel: +44 (0)800 085 0973. Contact for a Merchant Navyinformation pack, including a list of sponsoring organisations.www.careersatsea.orgDefence Engineering and Science Group tel: +44 (0)1225 449368. Offers a range of training andsponsorship schemes.www.gov.uk/defence-engineering-and-science-groupEngineering Council tel: +44 (0)20 3206 0500 contact for information on thestandards required for Engineering Technician, IncorporatedEngineer and Chartered Engineer status, or see:www.engc.org.ukThe International Marine Contractors Association tel: +44 (0)20 7824 5520www.imca-int.comThe Institute of Marine Engineering, Science andTechnology (IMarEST) tel: +44 (0)20 7382 2600www.imarest.orgRoyal Navy tel: +44 (0)845 607 5555. Contact your localArmed Forces Careers Office.www.royalnavy.mod.ukSEMTA the UKs Sector Skills Council for science,engineering and manufacturing technologies tel: +44 (0)845 6439001

www.semta.org.ukSociety for Underwater Technology tel: +44 (0)20 3440 5535www.sut.org.uk


10/40


How about

NAVAL ARCHITECTS

hips are extremely complex and highly valuablecommodities. Naval architects are professionalengineers who specialise in the design, construction,conversion, repair, surveying and decommissioning of

ships, boats and offshore structures.

World trade, the leisure industry, offshore oil and gas andrenewable energies and national defence of coastal watersand overseas interests, all mean that ships and boats of alltypes will continue to be required. New challenges, suchas the need for environmental protection and security, alsoimpact on vessel technology and design. What does a naval architect do?Naval architects are primarily involved in the design ofvessels which move just above, on or under the sea. Theseinclude tankers, containerships, passenger ferries, warships,drilling platforms, submarines, hovercraft, yachts and othervessels such as landing craft, diving support vessels andunmanned submersibles.

Naval architects work on the safe, economic and seaworthydesign of small boats and yachts as well as on commercialand military ships and submarines. They can specialise inconstruction/conversion , managing the whole processfrom the drawing board to the nished vessel. Their workincludes planning the construction process, the supply of

materials, tting-out and testing. There are also specialisedtechnical problems to be solved in areas such as cargohandling. Some naval architects advise on the repair andmaintenance of eets.

Certain organisations, such as classication societies, eet

owners and ag states, employ naval architects as shipsurveyors . A ship is monitored during its design, constructionand throughout its life to ensure that it is safe and seaworthyand meets other statutory rules and regulations. Navalarchitects, marine engineers and nautical surveyors oftenwork together carrying out tests, surveys and procedures.

Naval architects may also work in research . There are alsoopportunities in rig fabrication and siting for the oil andgas industries.

Those operating at Chartered and Incorporated Engineerlevel in naval architecture usually have the most responsible

jobs. They are involved with bringing in new technologicalinnovations and advanced design and production methodsand ensuring that existing technology works as efficientlyas possible. Engineers usually also have managerialresponsibility.

Engineering Technicians typically lead small, specialist teamsin the detailed, hands-on engineering work.

What skills and personal qualities do you need?A naval architect needs:n a broad understanding of different branches of

engineeringn skills in computer-aided engineering and information

technologyn a creative, logical and enquiring mindn good communication skillsn the ability to lead and work in teams.

What about entry, training and qualifications?Incorporated and Chartered Engineers Fully-qualied naval architects are often members of theIMarEST and/or The Royal Institution of Naval Architects(RINA) and have a BEng or an MEng honours degree or

equivalent in an approved engineering subject. A fewuniversities offer degree courses specically in navalarchitecture. For information on higher education entry


11/40


requirements, see page 35. RINA and IMarEST accredit anumber of degree courses in naval architecture, marinetechnology, offshore engineering and ship science.

After achieving a degree, you follow a period of structuredtraining with an employer, which generally covers design,

engineering practice and management services. Thisis followed by at least two years experience doing aresponsible job in a chosen eld of specialisation. Graduateswhose degrees are not accredited by the IMarEST or RINAmay still become members of these bodies, although checkson their academic qualications may be necessary andadditional training or experience may berequired.

Amongst other organisations in the UK,Lloyds Register runs a training programmefor graduates of naval architecture, andrelated subjects, to train as ship surveyors.In addition, it offers an undergraduatesponsorship programme. For details, see:http://marinecareers.lr.org

The Defence Engineering and ScienceGroup (part of the UKs Ministry ofDefence) offers undergraduate sponsorshipand a scheme for graduates. Forinformation, see: www.gov.uk/defence-engineering-and-science-group

Engineering TechniciansEntry requirements for trainee engineeringtechnicians in naval architecture vary,but are usually four GCSEs at grades A*-C, including maths, science (preferablydouble award, or science and an additionalscience) and english. Trainees work towardsa relevant NVQ or BTEC qualication. Withsufficient skills and experience, you canapply for Engineering Technician status.

Who employs naval architects?Employers of naval architects include:n

shipbuilders and repairers andboatbuilders

n shipping companies

n marine design consultants/yacht designersn government defence departments, such as the Ministry of

Defence in the UKn maritime and coastguard agenciesn marine equipment manufacturersn classication societiesn research organisations, including universitiesn companies operating in the offshore oil and gas industry.

What about future prospects?Its possible to start off as an Engineering Technician thenbecome either an Incorporated or Chartered Engineer

through extra study and training, andby developing technical and managerialcompetence.

Naval architects have a wide range ofemployment opportunities worldwide.Depending on their qualications andpersonal interests, they may specialise inone eld or develop broad experience inseveral areas.

With experience, it is possible for navalarchitects to gain promotion to seniortechnical and general managementpositions in industry, commerce andgovernment. Its also possible to move intoanother related area of engineering.

Where can I find out more?Engineering Council tel: +44 (0)20 3206 0500 contact forinformation on the standards requiredfor Engineering Technician, IncorporatedEngineer and Chartered Engineer status,or see: www.engc.org.ukThe Institute of Marine Engineering,Science and Technology (IMarEST) tel: +44 (0)20 7382 2600, or see:www.imarest.orgThe Royal Institution of Naval Architects(RINA) tel: +44 (0)20 7235 4622.

For a description of the work of a navalarchitect and entry routes, view Careers inNaval Architecture on: www.rina.org.uk


12/40


How about

SHIPBUILDINGand BOATBUILDING?

Shipbuilding is the business of building large and smallocean-going vessels, usually of steel. Boatbuilding is the

term used for the construction of smaller vessels frommaterials such as wood, steel, aluminium, glassbre or

new composite materials. There are opportunities in ship-and boatbuilding at every level.n The worldwide shipbuilding industry has changed in

recent years dominance has moved from the West tothe Far East particularly South Korea and China. Inthe UK, there are currently a small number of shipyardsengaged in building large ships. These may buildspecialist vessels such as chemical carriers, or, often,ships for the Royal Navy (the UK is a leader in warshipproduction an example being the HMS Daring , the rstof a new generation of destroyers which, it is claimed, candefend the city of London from aircraft and missile attacksingle handily!) There are current contracts from the MODto build two of the largest aircraft carriers in the EU byUK yards. There are also a number of smaller shipyardsbuilding smaller vessels such as tugs, ferries, shing andsurvey/research vessels.

n Boatbuilders construct boats typically up to about 50metres in length both boats for leisure (from luxurypower boats to sailing dinghies) and small commercialcraft. There are also manufacturers of marine equipmentsuch as sails, engines, electronics and boat ttings. Mostmodern boats are made in a factory environment, butthere are also some boatbuilders that build traditionalwooden craft. Boatbuilding for the leisure industry isthriving.

What opportunities are there?There are various levels of employment.n There are many specialised craft jobs . Skills include

welding, steel-cutting and bending, assembling sections,pipework, installing engines, plumbing, carpentry, boat-tting, painting, rigging and sailmaking.

n Technicians are employed on such work as drafting,estimating, testing, quality control, building/manufacture,surveying and production control. Skilled technicians arealso needed to install the sophisticated electrical andelectronic systems in boats and ships such as navigationsystems and communications equipment.

n Professional engineers are highly-qualied people whodesign vessels, and may oversee their manufacture andproduction. Designers often specialise in a particularaspect of the design. Specialist interior designers are alsoneeded.

Apart from the technical careers involved in designingand manufacturing, there are jobs within the industry ingeneral management, project management, training, salesand marketing, purchasing and supply, accounts, and inadministrative work.

What skills and personal qualities do you need?A shipbuilder or boatbuilder needs:n good practical skillsn problem-solving skillsn the ability to work accuratelyn the ability to meet deadlinesn good teamworking skills.

What about entry, training and qualifications?Craft traineesTraining is usually in the workplace, combined with a part-time college course or attendance at a company trainingcentre, perhaps gaining NVQs. Good GCSE grades (or theequivalent) in maths and science are usually required forentry. Craft training in boatbuilding could lead towards a

vocational qualication, such as a City & Guilds level 2 or3 Certicate in Boatbuilding, Maintenance and Support.Apprenticeships are available with some shipbuilders and


13/40


boatbuilders. For some crafts, such as welding, plumbingand carpentry, it is possible to move into marine work after

completing your initial training in a non-marine environment.

Engineering techniciansCraftsmen and women may move up to technician level bygaining qualications such as an NVQ 3, BTEC National ora City & Guilds Certicate. Entry at trainee technician levelis also possible with four good GCSEs, preferably includingmaths, science and english, or equivalent. Training maybe through an Advanced Apprenticeship. A few collegesoffer full-time BTEC National courses in marine engineeringor related subjects. With experience and competence,appropriately qualied people can apply for EngineeringTechnican status.

Professional engineersDegree and foundation degree courses in marinetechnology/engineering are offered at a number ofuniversities. Some are sandwich courses, offering workexperience as part of the course. Degree qualications, plusfurther training and work experience, can lead eventually toChartered Engineer or Incorporated Engineer status.

Degrees that cover yacht and small boat design are offeredby a small number of institutions. For information on relevanthigher education courses, see higher education directories,websites/databases or visit the websites of the IMarEST, theBritish Marine Federation or the Royal Institution of NavalArchitects. For general information on higher education entryrequirements, see page 35.

Who employs shipbuilders and boatbuilders?n Shipyards you can nd details of UK shipyards on the

website of the Shipbuilders and Shiprepairers Association.n Boatyards in the UK, manufacture is carried out

primarily in small- to medium-sized companies employingfewer than 50 people. Visit www.uksail.com for links toUK boatbuilders.

n

Specialist companies making engines, sails, ttings,electronics and other specialist marine components.

What about future prospects? Promotion prospects depend on the nature and size ofthe employer. With the right experience and skills, inboatbuilding, there are some opportunities to be self-employed or to start up your own business.

Where can I find out more?British Marine Federation tel: +44 (0)1784 473377 for careersinformation can be found from: www.britishmarine.co.ukEngineering Council tel: +44 (0)20 3206 0500 contactfor information on the standards required for EngineeringTechnician, Incorporated Engineer and Chartered Engineerstatus, or see: www.engc.org.ukSEMTA the UKs Sector Skills Council for science,engineering and manufacturing technologies learninghelpline: +44 (0)845 6439001. www.semta.org.ukShipbuilders and Shiprepairers Association tel: +44 (0)191 5678965 fax: +44 (0)191 5100082email: [email protected] www.ssa.org.ukThe Institute of Marine Engineering, Science andTechnology (IMarEST) tel: +44 (0)20 7382 2600www.imarest.orgRoyal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA)

tel: +44 (0)20 7235 4622. Read about naval architecture onpage 8 of this brochure. www.rina.org.uk


14/40

I f you are thinking about a career in shipbuilding, you mayeasily overlook the opportunities presented in the ship

maintenance, repair and conversion industry. UK is still akey destination for shiprepair and conversion and has a

number of large and small yards dotted across the country.UK yards not only provide ship maintenance facilities butspecialise in major conversion projects.

Ship conversion is often carried out as an alternative tobuilding a new vessel, particularly in certain industry sectors,

such as offshore oil, gas and mineral exploration. Europe isthe world leader in conversion work, with about 40% of theglobal market.

What opportunities are there?The employment opportunities are similar to thosedescribed for shipbuilding on page 10, with opportunitiesat craft, technician and professional level. So at craftlevel, in shiprepair and conversion, the work requires theskills of steelworkers, welders, joiners and carpenters,plumbers, painters and electricians. At professionallevel, the skills of mechanical, electrical and electronicengineers, marine engineers and naval architects are allneeded.

What skills and personal qualities do you need?The skills and qualities needed for shiprepair and conversionwork is the same as for shipbuilding see page 10.

What about entry, training and qualifications?Entry, training and qualications are also as described forshipbuilding on page 10.

Who are the employers?The main employers are shipyards that specialise in repair

and conversion work. The website of the Shipbuilders andShiprepairers Association carries a nd a shipyard facilityfor the UK, which gives a brief outline of the range of workundertaken by each company.

What about future prospects?Promotion prospects depend on the nature and size ofthe employer. Prospects for the industry as a whole arecurrently good.

Where can I find out more?Shipbuilders and Shiprepairers Association

tel: +44 (0)191 5678965fax: +44 (0)191 5100082email: [email protected]

How about

SHIPREPAIRand CONVERSION?



15/401313Sea Your Future A Guide to Marine Careers

How did you become interested in the marine environment?I have always been interested in engineering and from a young ageI was fascinated by ships. After completion of my Highers I beganlooking at university prospectuses to nd a suitable course for furtherstudy at university. While there were many engineering degreesavailable it was certainly Naval Architecture and Marine Engineeringwhich stuck out the most for me.

What was your entry route?I studied a BEng in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, a

joint course between the Universi ties of Glasgow and StrathclydeUniversity. While studying there I was also training as anengineering cadet during the summer months, spending onesummer completing the college phase at Glasgow Nautical Collegeand another summer in the North Sea as a cadet onboard a divesupport vessel with Acergy UK.

How has your career progressed so far?After deciding that I was not going to pursue a career at sea anyfurther I managed to get a placement during my nal summer withMalin Marine Consultants in Glasgow. I spent the summer thereworking on various engineering tasks for the shipment of the blocksof the UKs new aircraft carriers. Malin Marine, amongst a consortiumof companies, was responsible for transporting all of the blocksfrom various shipyards around the UK to Rosyth which was certainlyvery interesting work. While at Malin Marine Consultants I also putforward a proposal to the management to develop a new arm of thecompany looking at ballast water treatment systems and exhaust gascleaning systems, which I subsequently graduated from university tospearhead. I also gained lots of experience on-site during various shipconversion projects, eventually developing into project managementof some large scale projects.

After two years of developing this arm of the business under MalinMarine Consultants, we decided to start a stand alone company,

aptly named Cleanship Solutions, to take further strides into thesemarkets. I am currently general manager of Cleanship Solutions andmanage all projects.

CASE STUDYChris McMenemyis GeneralManager at Cleanship Solutions Ltd. Chrisis based in the companys Glasgow officebut regularly travels to retrofit projectstaking place in the Middle East and China.

What are your main responsibilities/tasks?My main roles is to continue to develop the company in the ballastwater treatment and exhaust gas cleaning markets, dealing withexisting and potential clients and handling all quotations andcontractual aspects. I also project manage all of our projects which involves a great deal oftime both in the office and on site. Our projects tend to involve a greatdeal of in-house engineering using various software, as well as intensiveon-site work with our project management and installation teams. Mostrecently we carried out a large retrot project near Shanghai in Chinawhich involved our team being on site for 5 weeks.

What are the main qualities and skills you need to do your job?A willingness to go out and meet new people and deal with the pressureof managing various aspects of projects, including client expectations.Dedication is certainly required when travelling a lot but the rewards areseeing projects completed successfully.

Where do you see your career heading?Hopefully we will continue to grow our new company, building upour portfolio of clients and consequently taking on more staff. Theopportunity to consecutively manage many projects via our own teamwould be excellent as would the increase in my own responsibility androle within our Groups companies.

What do you enjoy most about your job?I enjoy dealing with the various challenges involved in vessel retrotprojects; squeezing new equipment into existing ship engine rooms is notan easy task and certainly involves some thinking outside the box.

Do you have any tips for someone considering a similar career to yourThe most important aspect is gaining as much experience as youcan. Identify local marine based companies and offer yourself for anyvolunteer work, summer placements and work experience. Not only does

this increase your own knowledge and condence but also helps to buildyour own network of contacts which is important for future employmentopportunities.


16/40


How about

MARINE SURVEYINA

career in marine surveying offers a challenging andvaried occupation that can see the surveyor travellingextensively. Surveying is a multi disciplined occupationrequiring a wide range of skills. It is usually a second

stage career, utilising the experience built up during trainingand the early years in whichever discipline has been originally

chosen. There are opportunities for Naval Architects, MarineEngineers and Mariners. Surveyors are recruited fromseagoing and shipyard environments, with some trainingopportunities for appropriate degree graduates.

What opportunities are there?There is a shortage of skilled surveyors; the hiatus in trainingin the Merchant Navy since the late 70s has led to a shortageof experienced Class 1 Mariners and Engineers who havetraditionally progressed into the ranks of classicationsocieties and independent consultancy companies. There arevarious training courses and diplomas available but there isstill a need for experience. The term surveying is a catch allfor a multitude of tasks that require an equal number of skills.They include:n cargo surveying for quantity and condition of both wet

and dry cargoes. before loading or after dischargen towage surveys for disabled vessels, barges, platforms etcn condition surveys for ships, yachts and any marine

structuresn on hire, off hire, bunker, pre load conditionn damage surveys which can often lead to expert witness

work assisting the courts.

What skills and personal qualities do you need?First and foremost, the ability to write a clear, conciseand accurate report that is congured to the clientsrequirements. The report is your product and you are judgedby that. Know the limits of your skills. An eye for detail andutilising your experience to the best effect. An analytical andenquiring approach to problems, being able to tie the variousfactors together to produce the solution. An understandingthat facts can usually be interpreted in a number of ways.

And developing the ability to never stop learning both whilstonboard ship and by keeping up to date with developmentswithin the industry. Flexibility and a willingness to travelanywhere at short notice.

What about entry, training and qualifications?Unfortunately, partly due to the myriad skills required thereis no universally accepted formal Surveyors qualication.Attempts to address this have been made recently with anumber of modular diploma courses on offer from reputableorganisations, as yet they do not seem to have had muchimpact. People with the skills of Marine and ElectricalEngineers, Naval Architects and Mariners are all required. AClass one Certicate of Competency or a marine degree is agood starting point.

Who are the employers?n independent consultanciesn classication societiesn ag state authoritiesn many experienced surveyors are self employed or work

for small organisations based close to a port.

What about future prospectsClassication societies, ag state organisations such as theMCA and larger consultancies offer a career progression fromsurveyor to senior, principal and then area manager. Giventhe shortage of skilled people prospects are good for theright candidates.

Where can I find out more?The Society of Consulting Marine Engineers and ShipSurveyors+44 (0)207 261 0869The Institute of Marine Engineering Science and Technology(IMarEST)+44 (0)20 7382 2600The International Institute of Marine Surveying+44 (0)23 9238 5223

All images provided by BCTQ


17/40


How about

OFFSHORE ENGINEand TECHNOLOGY?

The offshore sector includes everything from oil and gasexploration and extraction, and telecoms and power

cabling, to wind farms, wave power, and offshoreminerals mining.

The offshore oil and gas industry is concerned with therecovery of crude oil and natural gas from beneath theseabed to meet the worlds energy needs. The industry usesinnovative technology and techniques to nd and extract oiland gas.

It involves the installation of platforms, seabed equipmentand the laying of underwater pipelines for its transportation.It takes a high-tech, multi-disciplinary team effort. Engineersand scientists are needed to work both onshore and offshore.There are also jobs for skilled and semi-skilled workers.Running all the people offshore requires the same numberashore to manage, support and supply them.

Concern for the planet has led to improvements in extractionmethods in order to reduceenvironmental impact and moreopportunities to work in offshorerenewable energy supply.

What opportunities are there?There are three main areas of work inthe offshore oil and gas industry.n Exploration conducting surveys

and tests to nd worthwhilereserves of oil and gas.

n Field development decidinghow to extract the fuel, setting upproduction facilities and drillingwells.

n Production and maintenance operating and maintainingequipment. There are jobs offshoreon support vessels, platforms and

drilling platforms and onshore atterminals servicing the equipmentand constructing new platforms.

There are also opportunties in engineering design, planningand project management.

Some of the jobs in drilling are described below.n Roustabouts do the basic labouring jobs, such as loading

and unloading supply ships and helicopters and generalmaintenance.

n Roughnecks carry out the manual work of the drillingoperation.

n Derrickmen work high up on the derrick (or steel tower)under the drillers direction.

n Drillers operate the drilling equipment and direct thework of the drilling crew.

n Toolpushers oversee operations and may run thewhole drilling platform, making sure work goessmoothly and that materials and equipment areavailable. Assistants to toolpushers are oftengraduates gaining experience.

n Mud loggers are highly-trained geologists who are alertto signs of precious hydrocarbons during drilling.

Offshore installations also need productionoperatives, welders, electricians, mechanics,storekeepers, medical workers and cooks.There are also jobs for divers to maintainthe platforms.

The vessels in the offshore eet(construction, drilling, seismic, supplyand oating production vessels) all needdeck and engineer officers , as well ascrew. Some vessels and platforms canhave hundreds of people onboard, sothey need lots of facilities and services.

Graduate jobsScientists and engineers mostly workin labs or offices onshore, but they mayspend occasional spells on offshoreinstallations.

Geologists/geophysicists studyunderground structures using computers Statoil


18/40


and analysing data from seismic surveys to assess theprospects of nding oil or gas. They prepare reports, charts

and presentations for the contracting company. They mayalso work as mud loggers.Petroleum engineers apply principles of maths, physics,chemistry and engineering to the recovery and processing ofhydrocarbons. Drilling engineers are responsible for the safeand efficient development, management and maintenance ofdrilling. Reservoir engineers work out systems to ensure thatevery last drop of oil is recovered from the reservoirs. Subseaengineers design, install, maintain and operate engineeringequipment on the seabed. Subsea wells and processingsystems must be installed at depths using remotely-operated equipment. Pipeline engineers are involved in theinstallation and maintenance of rigid and exible oil and gaspipes. Where there are no pipelines taking products ashore,oating production, storage and offloading vessels are usedto process the oil from the wells and transport it to exportpipelines or shuttle tankers. Structural engineers, navalarchitects and project managers design, plan and managethe construction, installation, operation and maintenance ofoffshore platforms and vessels. Deck and engineer officers run the vessels in the offshore eet.

Graduate engineers and scientists are also involved in newchallenges, such as harnessing sustainable energy fromwind, waves and currents. Equipment has to be designed,built, installed and operated safely and cost-effectively. Youmay nd yourself working on exciting new projects, such aswave power energy generators.

What skills and personal qualities do youneed?To work offshore, you need:n to be t and strong (for manual work)n to be reliable, responsible and very

safety-consciousn to be prepared to work outside in all

weathersn

excellent teamworking skillsn for some jobs, leadership and project-

management skills

n to be prepared to work on a shift basis and to cope withperiods away from home.

Offshore engineers need a broad knowledge of engineering,including structural design, materials technology, uiddynamics and control systems.

What about entry, training and qualifications?Before working offshore, you have to undergo an offshoresurvival course, this will be provided by an employer. Onceemployed, workers receive further safety training and, ifappropriate, training in reghting. The minimum age forworking on an offshore installation is 18. Basic offshorelabouring work usually requires no formal qualications, butrelevant craft or technician experience or training helps.Advanced Apprenticeships for technicians are available.These involve around 18 months training onshore, then2 years training at an offshore or onshore oil and gasfacility. Applicants need at least four GCSEs grades A*-C,or equivalent, including english, maths and a scientic/technological subject. Apprentices work towards a relevantNVQ level 3 and an HNC.Most engineers and scientists have degrees in a branchof engineering, chemistry, physics, maths, geology orgeophysics. For higher education entry requirements, seepage 35. It is possible to take a more specialist course,especially at postgraduate level. For instance, there arepostgraduate courses accredited by the IMarEST in offshore,pipeline and subsea engineering and in renewable energy.

Check that the course you are consideringis suitable for the career you have in mind.Further training is usually on the job andthrough short courses.Chartered and Incorporated Engineer andEngineering Technician status is available tosuitably qualied, experienced and competentengineers via a number of professionalbodies including the IMarEST and the EnergyInstitute. Chartered Marine Scientist and

Chartered Marine Technologist status isavailable for other science and technologyprofessionals via the IMarEST.

Woods Hole Science Center


19/40


Who are the typical employers?Employers include:n international oil and gas companiesn companies involved with renewable energyn offshore contractorsn engineering design consultanciesn drilling, maintenance and specialist service contractorsn mud analyst rmsn suppliers of materials and equipment.

What about future prospects?Theres a shortage of skilled workers in the industry. Withthe right experience, abilities and personality, promotion ispossible at all levels. For instance, it could take just a fewyears to progress from a roughneck to driller. Apprenticesusually progress to supervisory posts. Professional engineersmay move into management positions.

Many countries want to harness their own supplies of energy,

so there are opportunities to work almost anywhere in theworld.

Where can I find out more?Renewable UK www.bwea.comCogent SSC the UKs Sector Skills Council for the industry.www.cogent-careers.comEnergy Institute tel: +44 (0)20 7467 7100 www.energyinst.org.ukEngineering Council tel: +44 (0)20 3206 0500 contact for information on thestandards required for Engineering Technician, IncorporatedEngineer and Chartered Engineer status, or see:www.engc.org.ukThe Institute of Marine Engineering, Science andTechnology (IMarEST) tel: +44 (0)20 7382 2600.www.imarest.orgThe International Marine Contractors Association (IMCA) tel: +44 (0)20 7824 5520.Website has careers information, links to members aroundthe world and lists approved training providers:www.imca-int.com/careers.Oil & Gas UK the industrys trade association tel: +44 (0)20 7802 2400. Website has educationalinformation and lists vacancies: www.oilandgas.org.ukThe Science Council tel: +44 (0)20 3434 2020 www.sciencecouncil.co.ukSociety for Underwater Technology tel: +44 (0)20 3440 5535 www.sut.org.ukSubsea UK tel: +44 (0)845 505 3535 www.subseauk.org

Information on offshore Apprenticeships can be found on:www.oilandgastechnicians.comCareers information, including proles of those working inthe oil and gas industry can be found on: www.ceg.org.uk

You can get an idea of the available opportunities in theoffshore oil and gas industry worldwide on:www.oilcareers.com

How did you become interested in the marine environment?I have always been interested and intrigued by the world in which we liveand the different environments around us, hence why I made the decisionto study Physical Geography and Geoscience at St. Andrews University.However it was through a summer placement with Subsea 7 that I focusedmy attention to the marine environment. I worked with Subsea 7 for threeconsecutive summers which gave me a fantastic insight into the subseaindustry and conrmed that it was this industry that I wanted to continueto explore upon graduation.

What was your entry route?I graduated in June 2010 with a 2:1 BSc. in Physical Geography andGeoscience and secured a place on the Subsea 7 Engineering GraduateScheme starting in September 2010.

How has your career progressed so far?I completed the 2 year Graduate training programme last year and haveprogressed into my current role as a Geotechnical Engineer. Over the2 year Engineering Graduate Scheme I was able to experience manydifferent working environments, both onshore and offshore and withinvarious roles; Geotechnical Engineer, Tender Engineer and ProjectEngineer. This opportunity to rotate around various departmentsbroadened my knowledge and condence in various aspects ofengineering as well as the wider oil and gas industry.

What are your main responsibilities/tasks?As a Geotechnical Engineer I am responsible for all subsea infrastructurethat is to be placed on to the sea oor. I assess the seabed conditionsand deeper geology along pipeline/umbilical routes or site specicareas for proposed structures. I look at the interaction between the soilswith the pipelines/structures and calculate geotechnical parameterswhich are then used in pipeline or structure design. The other aspectof geotechnical engineering is to look how we can protect pipelines ormitigate them from upheaval buckling. This can be done through the useof trenching or rockdumping activities.

What are the main qualities and skills you need to do your job?Good communication is vital as you work with a variety of people onprojects which change on numerous occasions.

Willingness to learn is also an important skill and quality to have,

especially for someone like me with a non-engineering background. The oiland gas industry has been going strong for decades and there is a wealthof engineering knowledge that needs to be passed on and learnt from.

Where do you see your career heading?Only 2.5 years in so I am not entirely sure! But one of the mainattractions that I had to this industry was the opportunities to work invarious countries around the world, so I am hoping one day Ill be sat atmy desk somewhere else in the world!

What do you enjoy most about your job?I enjoy working with lots of different people and having a variety ofprojects to get stuck in to! Theres not a dull day in the office!

Do you have any tips for someone considering a similar career to yourI think work experience is crucial, especially relevant to what you think youwant to do. My rst ever work experience was in an architects practiceand although it was good fun, it made me realise a degree in architecturewasnt for me. Thank goodness I did that work experience as it changedmy decision on what to study and I have not looked back since!

CASE STUDY

Emma Clarkis currently aGeotechnical Engineer working inAberdeen for Subsea 7.


20/40


How about OFFSHORERENEWABLE ENERG

The world has an abundant source of natural, cleanpower, derived from the wind, waves and tides. Unliketraditional fossil fuels, this energy will never run out.Renewable energy is essential for reducing the potentially

devastating effects of climate change, and protectingthe natural environment for future generations. Offshore

renewable energy includes offshore wind, wave, and tide,where the strength of the wind, the pull and rise and fall of thetides, and the movement of waves, produces a vast amount ofpower that can be harnessed by modern technology.

What opportunities are there?Opportunities exist all over the country, not just near thecoast and many companies have offices overseas so there areopportunities for travel. There are a vast number of areas ofemployment from working outdoors at a renewables site, in alaboratory or in an office.

The employment opportunities in this area can best bedescribed by the lifecycle of a marine renewable energyinstallation. These are:Research & Design People working in this area are usuallyscientists, mechanical engineers and electrical engineersor technicians. They are often working on innovative andexciting technologies. In addition, there are often roles forsales managers who can be dealing with sales of hundreds ofmillions of pounds worth of technical equipment.Development and Consenting A project developer leadsthe whole process and is normally one of the big energyutility companies seeking to build and operate a renewableenergy site which might be an offshore wind farm, or an

array of devices to capture energy from the tide or waves.Development managers work for these companies on areassuch as site identication and consenting and licensing(getting the right permission to build the wind farm or installthe tidal turbine). As part of the process, an EnvironmentalImpact Assessment (EIA) is a requirement. This involvescollecting and analysing all the necessary environmentalinformation so the effect that the installation may haveon the natural habitat and animals that live in, or use, thearea can be understood. In addition, a developer needsto determine the effect of laying the electricity cables orinstalling an electricity substation and the effect that will

have on the environment and on other users of the sea.Developers also need to know as much as they can aboutthe site they want to use, including what the seabed lookslike and consists of, so they know whether its a good place

to put a turbine foundation for example. The developeralso needs to collect information on the oceanographicconditions as they will affect construction and operation.For much of this work, developers use specialist consultancycompanies that work on many different projects and employlots of different people in different roles from Environmental

Scientists to Oceanographers.Technical Analysis People working in this area often haveadvanced IT skills including those who develop software,carry out analysis of data, and use a number of specialistcomputer programmes. Technical analysis typicallyincludes environmental analysis and marine science, andaerodynamicists (for wind turbines) or hydrodynamicists(for marine devices) are key at this stage to enable thedevelopment, construction and operation of offshorerenewable energy facilities.Construction and Installation The construction andinstallation process includes a huge number of people witha variety of trade and technical skills including, for example,welders, pipe tters, platters, electricians, mechanical ttersand riggers, and vessel operatives. Many of the skills involvedare similar to those in the offshore oil and gas sector andmany of the companies involved work in both sectors.Opportunities also exist for construction managers. Thishighly important job requires experience and involves beingboth office based but also spending time on installationvessels to check the projects progress.Operation and Maintenance After many years of planning,construction and testing an offshore renewables installationis ready to produce electricity. At this point job opportunitiesexist for engineers and technicians to work on maintaining

the infrastructure through the life of the equipment and site.There are also jobs for skippers of offshore vessels who ferryworkers and equipment to and from the sites and for deckcrew who assist in the operation of the work boats. Back onland, asset managers are responsible for the long-term healthof the wind farm or other installations that their companyowns. This role often involves the management of assetsworth hundreds of millions of pounds.

What special skills do I need?This is an exciting eld perfect for adventurous people. If youwork offshore you might need good sea legs and will need

be prepared to face wind, waves and rough weather. Fitness,stamina and a good head for heights can be important and beingresponsible and safety conscious are part of the job. However,dont be put off if you dont have any experience of working


21/40


offshore or at heights there are training courses especiallydesigned to train people working in this eld. And, of course,there are also plenty of office and land based roles available.

What about entry requirements?There are opportunities for both non-graduates and graduates

in the offshore renewables sector. Roles in R&D often requirespecialist qualications to PhD level. Roles in developmentand consenting often require graduate qualications eitherin a specialist marine renewables course or in oceanography,hydrology, geology, marine biology or environmental science.Roles in manufacturing, technical sales, and asset and projectmanagement often require a strong technical background andusually a graduate qualication in an engineering discipline: eithermarine, mechanical, civil or electrical engineering. Other routesinclude through vocational qualications such as HND and HNCs.Finally, as in other areas of manufacturing, your career can startstraight from school or college with many companies runningapprenticeship programmes. Apprentices need strong practicaland technical skills with good GCSEs in science and maths.

Future prospectsMany governments are seeking to reduce their greenhousegas emissions with wind, wave and tidal stream energytechnology being used to decarbonise energy supply,increase energy security and reduce our dependence onfossil fuels. This means that the opportunities in this eldare increasing. In the UK alone, over 500 companies engagein wind and marine energy related activities and activitiesin other countries are also growing in this area. Universitiesare developing specialist courses in marine and offshore

renewable energy and many companies are developingapprenticeships and graduate training programmes.

Credit: This information is extracted from Your career inoffshore wind energy published by the Crown Estate inassociation with Renewable UK and BVG Associates andfrom Choosing a Career in Wind, Wave and Tidal Energypublished by Renewable UK.

Where can I find out more?Renewable UK Tel. +44 (0)20 7901 3000Email [email protected] www.renewableuk.com

The Crown Estate Tel: +44 (0)20 7851 5000Email [email protected]

A

q u a m a r i n e

P o w e r

How did you become interested in the marine environment?I have lived by the coast nearly all my life and loved spending my

summers snorkelling, sailing and kayaking. As a result I became

fascinated by the underwater world, the species that inhabited it

and became conscious of the impact that man could have on this

environment.

What was your entry route?Following the completion of my degree in Marine Biology and

Oceanography at the University of Southampton, I studied for a masters

degree in Environmental Diagnosis and Management at Royal Holloway.

By this time, I knew I wanted a career in environmental consultancy andthe key element of the masters was a four month industry placement.

How has your career progressed so far?My rst job at RPS was on secondment with a client. I was responsible

for the environmental management of a 100 acre industrial site.

Following this, I worked for the marine ecology team undertaking

surveys (although I was a little sea sick at times) and data analysis for

proposed developments. After a couple of years, I moved to the RPS

offshore renewables team. I am currently an assistant project managercoordinating the Environmental Impact Assessments for a Round 3

offshore wind farm.

What are your main responsibilities/tasks?As an assistant project manager, I am responsible for the coordinationand management of Environmental Statements. This includes liaising

and working with a range of disciplines within the client organisation

(including consents managers, engineers, legal advisors and senior

managers), day to day management of specialist technical authors,

undertaking consultation and working with stakeholders.

What are the main qualities and skills you need to do your job?Although a background in environmental sciences is important, it is

imperative that a project manager is organised, able to juggle a large

number of different tasks and is an efficient and effective communicator.

At times, the work can be stressful (especially near deadlines) so it is

important to not get ustered under pressure.

Where do you see your career heading?I would love to gain more experience on a variety of projects. There are

fantastic opportunities as an environmental consultant to explore theworld and hopefully I will be lucky enough to do so.

What do you enjoy most about your job?I really enjoy working as part of an experienced team at RPS it is a

brilliant way to learn a huge amount. Having to work with different

clients and stakeholders also increases my understanding of peoples

concerns and demands on our environment.

Do you have any tips for someone considering a similar career to youWherever possible, undertake work placements to learn more about

what you would like to do for a career and use this to identify an

appropriate degree. It is important to remember that careers are not

often a straight path and all the opportunities and different experiencesyou have along the way will only aid your development. Above all,

you must have a passion and love for your subject as this really shows

through in your work.

CASE STUDY

Emily Boramis a Marine Scientistin the offshore renewables team at RPSEnergy. Emily is based in Woking, althoughshe regularly visits clients offices and

attends consultation meetings, both in theUK and throughout Europe


22/40

Hydrographers produce accurate plans and charts of theseabed. Its vital to know about the shape and features

of the seabed for example, plans for new shippingroutes need to take into account any large rocks

and sand banks which could be hazardous, and engineersbuilding offshore wind farms need to know if the seabed willsupport new structures. What do hydrographers do?Hydrographers (also known as hydrographic surveyors ) usestate-of-the-art technology to produce detailed charts ofthe seabed from the deep ocean oor to harbours, showing

depths, shapes and contours. Some of the work involvesgeomatic surveying or geospatial engineering collecting the

precise information needed to draw up all kinds of detailedcharts, maps and plans.

In order to carry out their work, hydrographers usesophisticated technology such as satellite-positioningsystems, multibeam echo sounders and computer-aideddesign packages. The work usually involves periods onboardsurvey ships, drilling platforms and other vessels.

Hydrographers may be involved in gathering information for:n predicting the effects of proposed developments on the

environment, and of the environment on new and existingdevelopments

n nding out whether channels used for shipping are beingaltered by silting or erosion, and if so, at what rate

n planning and monitoring dredging work to ensure safenavigation, or to allow new construction work

n exploring sites to extract minerals from the sean advising on the location for offshore wind turbines, oil

platforms and subsea cablesn planning dock installationsn monitoring erosion on the seabed.

What skills and personal qualities do you need?A hydrographer/hydrographic surveyor needs:n to be familiar with computers and an enthusiasm for the

latest technological developmentsn practical problem-solving skillsn technical abilityn to be a logical thinker.

Patience and the ability to:n maintain concentrationn a good head for guresn nancial and legal expertise (for some jobs).

What about entry, training and qualifications?Most hydrographic surveyors have a degree in a relevantsubject, such as geology, marine science or geography,followed by a postgraduate qualication in hydrography,geomatics or another specialist subject. Check that the

How about

HYDROGRAPHICSURVEYING?

20 Sea Your Future A Guide to Marine Careers


23/4021

course you take is accredited by an appropriate professionalbody, such as the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors(RICS) or the IMarEST.

Higher education courses can be completed through full-or part-time study. In addition, to gain Chartered status ,a period of structured training in employment leading toa professional assessment is required. The IMarEST nowoffers Chartered Marine Scientist and Chartered MarineTechnologist status to suitably qualied, experienced andcompetent people.

A specialist higher education course will give you the keyacademic skills you need in the workplace. However, youlloften gain the ability to use specialist technology andthe basics of seamanship on the job, or through in-housetraining schemes. Most employers offer a thorough inductionprogramme, which may incorporate the basic offshoresafety training course needed to work at sea.Training opportunities are increasing in the caseof hydrography and distance leaning is now a realopportunity.

Who employs hydrographers?Employers of hydrographers/hydrographicsurveyors include:n port and harbour authoritiesn

contract surveying companiesn dredging companiesn defence navies, such as the Royal Navyn organisations involved in land reclamation

n coastal protection agenciesn national charting agenciesn companies involved in offshore explorationn pipe and cable laying rms.

What about future prospects?Its possible to gain promotion to senior status andmanagement roles. Some experienced hydrographicsurveyors are freelance, working on contract to variousorganisations, or become established up as consultants.

Although this is a small and specialist area of employment,as governments around the world look to develop greenersources of energy offshore, the need for hydrographers looksset to increase.

Where can I find out more?The Hydrographic Society UK tel: +44 (0)1752 223512www.ths.org.ukThe Institute of Marine Engineering, Science andTechnology (IMarEST) tel: +44 (0)20 7382 2600www.imarest.orgInstitute of Materials, Minerals and Mining tel: +44 (0)20 7451 7300www.iom3.orgChartered Institution of Civil Engineering Surveyors tel: +44 (0)161 972 3100 www.cices.orgThe International Marine Contractors Association

tel: +44 (0)20 7824 5520www.imca-int.comRoyal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) tel: +44 (0)870 333 1600www.rics.org/careersThe Science Council tel: +44 (0)20 3434 2020www.sciencecouncil.co.ukThe Hydrographic Academy

www.plymouth.ac.uk/hydro

Careers information in the mining and mineralsindustries can be found at: www.uk-rocks.net

Sea Your Future A Guide to Marine Careers

NOAA

MCT Ltd


24/40


How about

WORKING IN PORTSI

n Europe alone, over 1,000 ports handle more than 3.5billion tonnes of cargo every year. Ports can be busy placesand offer exciting opportunities in many different areas.Jobs in ports range from stevedores to harbour masters!

The size and function of a port will determine the number

of employees some of the largest employ over a thousandpeople. Ports:n deal with imports and exports of raw materials and

nished goodsn provide facilities for the shing industryn provide ferry and cruise ship terminalsn offer recreational facilities, such as yacht marinas.

What opportunities are there?Ports are mechanised and cargo needs to be unloadedquickly and safely. Port workers need to be organised andefficient as vessels may be waiting to berth, and navigatingin and out of the harbour will be affected by tides. Withcompetition from airlines and road haulage companies,ports also have to be run economically. Each employees rolecontributes to the smooth operation of the port.

There are opportunities in technical work, administration,customs and management. Some of the jobs available in portoperations are described below.

n Marine/port operatives undertake various jobs on thewater around the harbour/port area, such as movingnavigational markers, positioning gangways, taking marinepilots out to ships, and possibly operating lock gates.

n Passenger operatives work in ports that accommodateferries and/or cruise ships. They control the movementof passengers (and passengers in vehicles) around theport area, and on and off the ferries/ships; they may alsocheck tickets and deal with passengers queries.

n Stevedores load and unload cargo; they may decidehow to stack cargo in the best way or how to unloadgoods quickly and efficiently. They may have to drivedifferent types of vehicles, or operate cranes, suctionpipes and conveyer belts.

n Vessel traffic services operatives work in the portcontrol centre, controlling the safe movement of ships

and boats around the port/harbour area. They use marineradar and communicate with vessels by VHF radio, radiotelephone etc.

n Marine pilots board vessels entering or leaving the portor harbour, and navigate them safely in and out avoidingsubmerged rocks and other hazards.

n Harbour masters ensure that the port is safe for all thevessels using it. They monitor environmental standardsand manage leisure craft activity within the harbour.

n Engineers maintain and repair machinery andequipment within the port.

n Port managers manage all aspects of the work of theport, including health and safety and port developmentand liaising with the organisations using the port, such asfreight companies.

What skills and personal qualities do you need?To work in ports you need:n to be very safety-consciousn teamworking and communication skillsn to be t and healthy some jobs require heavy liftingn to be prepared to work irregular hours in some jobsn language skills for some jobs.

What about entry, training and qualifications?There are opportunities for people with different levels ofqualication and experience. In many of the practical roles,such as stevedore or marine/port operative , no formaleducational qualications are required although GCSEs orequivalent in english, maths and science are always useful.The work can be very physical and involves being outside inall weathers. Previous experience of warehouse or transport

services may be useful. Stevedores must have a drivinglicence. Experience of dealing with customers may be usefulfor passenger operatives . Training for all these positions is


25/40


usually on the job, and you may be able to work towardsrelevant qualications.

NVQs are available in port operations and the supervision of portoperations at levels 2 and 3 respectively. Port and Skills Safetyis working on a number of training and qualication routes.

Apprenticeships and foundation degrees are now available.

Marine pilots normally have considerable experience atsea, as deck officers for example. Entry requirements varydepending on the pilot authority but candidates will usuallyneed a ship masters certicate.

For jobs on the commercial and administration side, you mayneed GCSEs, A levels, or equivalent qualications.

Large companies offer graduate management trainingschemes. The technical management of port facilities isusually carried out by people with some experience atsea, or with engineering qualications and training. TheIMarEST offers Chartered status to suitably qualied,experienced and competent marine professionals.

N.B. In the UK (and some other countries), regulations meanthat no one under the age of 18 is allowed to operate certainmachinery, including some lifting appliances. So, for certain

jobs, such as stevedoring, entry is from the age of 18.

Who are the typical employers?Employers of ports workers include:n port authoritiesn ferry companiesn cruise line operatorsn transport rmsn stevedoring companiesn freight forwardersn warehouse operatorsn shiprepair and maintenance

companies.

What about future prospects?On-the-job training and the rightpersonal qualities can bring promotion

to supervisory jobs or juniormanagement positions for people inoperational and technical roles.

Training opportunities are increasing in the ports sector withmany companies offering apprenticeships.

Where can I find out more?British Ports Association tel: + 44 (0)207 260 1780www.britishports.org.ukThe Chartered Institute of Logistics andTransport (UK) tel: +44 (0)1536 740 100www.ciltuk.org.ukThe Institute of Marine Engineering,Science and Technology (IMarEST) tel: +44 (0)20 7382 2600www.imarest.orgPort Skills and Safety Ltd tel: +44 (0)207 260 1790www.portskillsandsafety.co.uk

United Kingdom Major Ports Group tel: +44 (0) 20 7260 1785www.ukmajorports.org.uk


26/40

Oceanography is the scientic study and descriptionof the oceans. Oceanographers try to understand

and predict how oceans work, and help us to use andconserve their resources.

Because the oceans and the atmosphere are linked,marine meteorology is a related area of expertise. Marinemeteorologists provide ocean and weather observations andforecasts. For people who work at sea or who live on thecoast, such information can be vital!

What do oceanographers and marine meteorologists do?Oceanography combines many different scienticdisciplines. A range of professionals may contribute to anyone piece of research. Oceanographers can specialise in thefollowing areas:n physical oceanography studying the physical

characteristics of the oceans such as temperature, andsalt content (salinity), as well as tides, currents, wavesand ocean circulation

n chemical oceanography focusing on the chemicalcomposition and properties of seawater and marinesediments, and the behaviour of pollutants

n geological oceanography concerned with the seabed,its composition, structure and formation

n biological oceanography studying the many life formsthat live in the sea and how they interact with theirsurroundings.

A lot of an oceanographers work is laboratory- or desk-based and involves the use of computer modelling. Althoughmuch data comes from automated sampling equipment andsatellites, time is still spent in the eld, gathering data frominstruments deep below the surface. Most oceanographersspend some time at sea on research or commercial vessels,possibly going down to the seabed, using diving equipmentor submersibles.

Oceanography has practical applications in areas such as

offshore oil and gas exploration and production, offshorerenewable energy provision, sheries, mineral extraction andshipping management.

How about

OCEANOGRAPHYorMARINE METEORO


NOAA

Fugro Geos


27/40

Operational/applied oceanographers and marinemeteorologists collect weather and ocean data from weather

stations, satellites and observation vessels. They feed thisinto computers, interpret the output and produce andanalyse charts. This is used to predict future sea state andweather conditions to inform a wide range of decisionmakers. This information can also be used to develop arecord of past weather, from which calculations of large-scalechanges in the global climate can be made.

In addition, these professionals are concerned with the practicaluse of meteorological and all oceanographic data. They usevarious ocean modelling systems for wave, storm surge andocean current forecasting and increasingly ecological modelsto determine, for example the potential for Harmful AlgalBloom development etc. This helps organisations such as ferryoperators and oil and gas companies to plan their work andfor governments to protect people who live and work at thecoast. Predictions of conditions over seasons are also usefulfor government departments and many other organisations tomake long term plans.

There are occasional opportunities for technical and supportstaff to undertake the more routine work in oceanographyand marine meteorology.

What skills and personal qualities do you need?An oceanographer or marine meteorologist needs:n analytical skillsn to be observant, patient, accurate and able to pay

attention to detailn numerical skillsn problem-solving skillsn ICT skillsn the ability to work in a teamn good communication skills.It is useful to have ability in another language.

What about entry, training and qualifications?Oceanography is a career for graduates; most entrantsalso have postgraduate qualications. A rst degreein physics, chemistry, maths or biology, followed by a


NERC


28/40


How did you become interested in the marine environment?Science was my favourite subject at school and Ive always loved being by the sea

so a career as an oceanographer was an obvious choice. I was hooked on marine

science since watching David Attenboroughs Blue Planet series when I was at

school.

What was your entry rou

Documents

Sea Your Future Full Set Final