Sea HARRIER (British Aerospace) - Wikipedia.rtf

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This article is about Sea Harrier models For the first generation Harrier see HawkerSiddeley Harrier For an overview of the Harrier family see Harrier Jump Jet

Sea Harrier

A Sea Harrier FA2 of 8 AS in flight at the oyal

$nternational Air attooamp

Role (S) strike fighter

National origin +nited ingdom

Manufacturer Ha-ker Siddeley

ritish Aerospace

Introduction 2 August 08 1FS

2 April 3 1FA2

Retired 4arch 25 1oyal avy

Status Active service -ith $ndian

avy

Primary users oyal avy 1historical

$ndian avy

Number built

Unit cost +S68 million in

Deeloped from Ha-ker Siddeley Harrier

he British Aerospace Sea Harrier is a naval short take7off and vertical7landing(vertical take7off and landing et fighter reconnaissance and attack aircraft adevelopment of the Ha-ker Siddeley Harrier amp $t first entered service -ith the oyal

avy in April 8 as the Sea Harrier RS and 9ecame informally kno-n as theShar amplt +nusual in an era in -hich most naval and land79ased air superiority fighters-ere large and supersonic the principal role of the su9sonic Sea Harrier -as to provideair defence of the fleet from oyal avy aircraft carriersamp



he Sea Harrier served in the Falklands War 9oth of the =ulf Wars and the alkansconflictsgt on all occasions it mainly operated from aircraft carriers positioned -ithin theconflict oneamp $ts usage in the Falklands War -as its most high profile and importantsuccess -here it -as the only fied7-ing fighter availa9le to protect the ritish askForceamp he Sea Harriers shot do-n 2 enemy aircraft during the conflict -ith one lost to

enemy ground fireamp hey -ere also used to launch ground attacks in the same manner asthe Harriers operated 9y the oyal Air Forceamp

he Sea Harrier -as marketed for sales a9road 9ut 9y 83 $ndia -as the only operator other than ritain after sales to Argentina and Australia -ere unsuccessfulamp2lt3lt A secondupdated version for the oyal avy -as made in 3 as the Sea Harrier Aimproving its air to air a9ilities and -eapons compati9ilities along -ith a more

po-erful enginegt this version continued manufacture until 8amp he aircraft -as-ithdra-n early from oyal avy service in 4arch 25 and replaced in the short term

9y the Harrier = no- itself retired although the intended long term replacement isockheed 4artins F73B ightning $$amp he Sea Harrier is in active use in the $ndian

avy although it -ill eventually 9e replaced 9y the 4ikoyan 4i=72 amp Although-ithdra-n from active oyal avy service Sea Harriers are used to train naval aircrafthandlers at the oyal avy School of Flight Ceck )perationsampDlt

$ontents

hidelt

bull Cevelopment

bull 2 Cesign

bull 3 )perational history

o 3amp oyal avy 3ampamp Entry into service

3ampamp2 Falklands War

3ampamp3 )perations in the s

3ampampD etirement

o 3amp2 $ndian avy

bull D ariants

bull B )perators

bull 5 Survivors

bull 0 Specifications 1Sea Harrier FA2

bull 8 ota9le appearances in media

bull See also

bull eferences

bull Eternal links

Deelopmenteditamp

Main articles nvincible class aircraft carrier and Hawker Siddeley Harrier



$n the post7-ar era the oyal avy 9egan contracting in parallel -ith the 9reak7up ofthe ritish Empire overseas and the emergence of the ommon-ealth of ationsreducing the need for a larger navyamp y 5 the last 9attleship H4S anguard -asretired from the avy having 9een in service for less than fifteen yearsampBlt Gerhaps the

9iggest sign of the ne- trend to-ards naval austerity came in 55 -hen the planned

A7 class of large aircraft carriers destined for the oyal avy -as cancelledgt5lt apparently ending the avys involvement in fied7-ing carrier aviation as World War$$ era carriers -ere slo-ly retired one 9y oneamp 0lt Curing this time reuirements -ithin theoyal avy 9egan to form for a vertical and(or short take7off and landing 1(S)carrier79ased interceptor to replace the de Havilland Sea ienamp After-ard the first(S) tests on a ship 9egan -ith a Ha-ker Siddeley Gamp20 landing on H4S rk

$oyal in 53amp8ltlt

A second concept for the future of naval aviation emerged in the early 0s as the firstof a ne- class of through deck cruisers -as plannedamp hese -ere very carefully and

politically designated as cruisers to deli9erately avoid the term aircraft carrierlt inorder to increase the chances of funding from a hostile political climate againstepensive capital shipslt they -ere considera9ly smaller than the previously soughtA7amp2lt hese ships -ere ordered as the nvincible class in 033lt and are no-

popularly recognised as aircraft carriersamp Almost immediately upon their construction aski7ump -as added to the end of the 07metre deck ena9ling the carriers toeffectively operate a small num9er of (S) etsampltDlt he oyal Air Forces Ha-kerSiddeley Harrier =s had entered service in April 5amp A navalised variant of theHarrier -as developed 9y Ha-ker Siddeley to serve on the upcoming ships this 9ecamethe Sea Harrieramp $n 0B the oyal avy ordered 2D Sea Harrier F$S 1standing forFighter econnaissance StrikeDlt aircraftlt the first of -hich entered service in 08amplt Curing this time Ha-ker Siddeley 9ecame part of ritish Aerospace through

nationalisation in 00ampBlt

y the time the prototype Sea Harrier -as flo-n at Cunsfoldon 2 August 08 the order had 9een increased to 3Damp5lt he Sea Harrier -as declaredoperational in 8 on 9oard the first nvincible class ship H4S nvincible and furtheraircraft oined the ageing H4S Hermes aircraft carrier later that yearamp0lt

Follo-ing their key role in the 82 Falklands War8lt several lessons -ere learned fromthe aircrafts performance -hich led to approval for an upgrade of the fleet to F$Samp 1later kno-n as Famp standard to 9e given in 8Damp he first flight of the prototype took

place in Septem9er 88 and a contract -as signed for 2 upgraded aircraft inCecem9er that year amplt $n the avy ordered 8 ne-79uild FA2s2lt at a unit cost ofaround I2 million four further upgraded aircraft -ere ordered in Damp he firstaircraft -as delivered on 2 April 3amp2lt

Designeditamp

Sea Harrier FA2 AB 1upgrade vector thrust nole K distinguishing feature of the ump et

ocations of the four noles on the aircraftamp Further information Hawker Siddeley Harrier design

he Sea Harrier is a su9sonic aircraft designed to fill strike reconnaissance and fighterrolesamp22lt $t features a single olls7oyce Gegasus tur9ofan engine -ith t-o intakes and

four vectora9le nolesamplt $t has t-o landing gear on the fuselage and t-o outriggerlanding gear on the -ingsamp he Sea Harrier is euipped -ith four -ing and three



fuselage pylons for carrying -eapons and eternal fuel tanksamp23lt +se of the ski umpallo-ed the aircraft to take off from a short flight deck -ith a heavier loadout thanother-ise possi9le although it can also take off like a conventional loaded fighter-ithout thrust vectoring from a normal airport run-ayamp2Dlt

he Sea Harrier -as largely 9ased on the Harrier =3 9ut -as modified to have a

raised cockpit -ith a 9u99le canopy for greater visi9ilityDlt and an etended for-ardfuselage to accommodate the Ferranti lue Fo radaramplt Garts -ere changed to usecorrosion resistant alloys or coatings -ere added to protect against the marineenvironmentamp2Blt After the Falklands War the Sea Harrier -as fitted -ith the ne- anti7ship Sea Eagle missileamp25lt

he Sea Harrier FA2 featured the lue ien radar -hich -as descri9ed as one of themost advanced pulse doppler radar systems in the -orldgt 20lt the lue Fo radar -as seen

9y some critics as having comparatively lo- performance for -hat -as availa9le at thetime of procurementamp25lt he lue ien formed the 9asis for development of theEurofighter yphoons AG) radar amp28lt he Sea Harrier FA2 also carried the A$472

A4AA4 missile the first + aircraft to 9e provided -ith this capa9ilityamp2lt

Anupgraded model of the Gegasus engine the Gegasus 4k 5 -as used in the SeaHarrier FA2gt in response to the threat of radar79ased anti aircraft -eapons electroniccountermeasures -ere addedamp25lt )ther improvements included an increase to the air7to7air -eapons load look7do-n radar increased range and improved cockpit displaysamplt

he cockpit in the Sea Harrier includes a conventional centre stick arrangement andleft7hand throttleamp $n addition to normal flight controls the Harrier has a lever forcontrolling the direction of the four vectora9le nolesamp he noles point rear-ard -iththe lever in the for-ard position for horiontal flightamp With the lever 9ack the noles

point do-n-ard for vertical takeoff or landingamp3lt3lt he usefulness of the verticallanding capa9ility of the Sea Harrier -as demonstrated in an incident on 5 June 83-hen Su9 ieutenant $an Watson lost contact -ith the aircraft carrier HMS llustrious and had to land Sea Harrier A0532lt on the foredeck of the Spanish cargo ship lraigoamp33lt

$n 2B although already timeta9led to 9e retired a Sea Harrier -as modified -ith anAutoland system to allo- the fighter to perform a safe vertical landing -ithout any

pilot interactionamp Cespite the pitching of a ship posing a natural pro9lem the system -asdesigned to 9e a-are of such data and successfully performed a landing at sea in 4ay2Bamp3Dlt

perational historyeditamp

Royal Nayeditamp

(ntry into sericeeditamp

he first three Sea Harriers -ere a development 9atch and -ere used for clearancetrialsamp5lt he first production aircraft -as delivered to AS Leovilton in 0 to forman $ntensive Flying rials +nit 1also kno-n as 0A aval Air Suadronamp5lt $n 4arch8 the $ntensive Flying rials +nit 9ecame 8 aval Air Suadron and -ould act asthe land9orne headuarters unit for the typeamp5lt he first operational suadron 8 avalAir Suadron -as also formed in 4arch 8 initially to operate from H4S nvincible

9efore it transferred to H4S Hermesamp5lt $n January 8 a second operation suadron8 aval Air Suadron -as formed to operate from H4S nvincibleamp5lt



al)lands areditamp

Sea Harrier at AS Leoviltonamp he pre7Falklands War paint scheme seen here -asaltered 9y painting over the -hite undersides and markings en route to the islandsamp

Sea Harriers took part in the Falklands War of 82 flying from the aircraft carriersH4S nvincible and H4S Hermesamp3Blt he Sea Harriers performed the primary airdefence role -ith a secondary role of ground attackamp he AF Harrier =3 provided themain ground attack force a total of 28 Sea Harriers and D Harrier =3s -ere deployedin the theatreamp35lt he Sea Harrier suadrons shot do-n 2 Argentine aircraft in air7to7aircom9at -ith no air7to7air losses although t-o Sea Harriers -ere lost to ground fire andfour to accidentsamp30lt )ut of the total Argentine air losses 28M -ere shot do-n 9yHarriersamp3Blt

A num9er of factors contri9uted to the failure of the Argentinian fighters to shoot do-na Sea Harrieramp Although the 4irage $$$ and Cagger ets -ere considera9ly faster the SeaHarrier -as considera9ly more manoeuvra9leamp38lt3lt actics such as the iff 1ectored in

For-ard Flight using the noles normally used for vertical flight for 9raking and other directions proved decisive in dogfights38lt although at least one reputa9le source hasreported iffing -as not used 9y pilots in the FalklandsampDlt 4oreover the Harrieremployed the latest A$47 Side-inder missiles and the lue Fo radar amp38ltDlt heritish pilots had superior air7com9at training one manifestation of -hich -as that theythought they noticed Argentinian pilots occasionally releasing -eapons outside of theiroperating parametersamp his is no- thought to have 9een 4irages releasing eternal fueltanks rather than -eapons and turning a-ay from conflict -ith the Sea Harrieramp hislater reduced their capa9ility to fight an effective campaign against the Sea Harrier dueto reduced range and lack of eternal fuel tanksamp D2ltD3lt

8 AS Sea Harrier FS from H4S llustrious in post7Falklands War lo-7visi9ility paint schemeamp

ritish aircraft received fighter control from -arships in San arlos Water although itseffectiveness -as limited 9y their 9eing stationed close to the islands -hich severelylimited the effectiveness of their radarampD3lt he differences in tactics and training 9et-een8 Suadron and 8 Suadron has 9een a point of criticism suggesting that the lossesof several ships -ere preventa9le had Sea Harriers from Hermes 9een used moreeffectivelyampDDlt

oth sides aircraft -ere operating in adverse conditionsamp Argentine aircraft -ere forced

to operate from the mainland 9ecause airfields on the Falklands -ere only suited for propellor7driven transportsampD3lt $n addition fears partly aroused 9y the 9om9ing of GortStanley airport 9y a ritish ulcan 9om9er added to the Argentinians decision tooperate them from afarampDBlt As most Argentine aircraft lacked in7flight refuellingcapa9ility they -ere forced to operate at the limit of their rangeamp D3lt he Sea Harriers alsohad limited fuel reserves due to the tactical decision to station the ritish carriers out ofEocet missile range and the dispersal of the fleetampD5lt he result -as that an Argentineaircraft could only allo- five minutes over the islands to search and attack an o9ective-hile a Sea Harrier could stay near to 3 minutes -aiting in the Argentine approachcorridors and provide om9at Air Gatrol coverage for up to an hourampD3lt

$ counted them all out and $ counted them all 9ackamp

+



rian Hanrahan reporter on 9oard H4S Hermes follo-ing the first Harrier mission during the 82 Falklands War D0lt

he Sea Harriers -ere outnum9ered 9y the availa9le Argentinian aircraftD3lt and -ere onoccasion decoyed a-ay 9y the activities of the (scuadr)n Fni+ or civilian et aircraftused 9y the Argentine Air Forceamp hey had to operate -ithout a fleet early -arningsystem such as AWAS that -ould have 9een availa9le to a full A) fleet in -hichthe oyal avy had epected to operate -hich -as a significant -eakness in theoperational environmentampD3lt Ho-ever it is no- kno-n that hile did provide early radar-arning to the ask ForceampD8ltDlt he result -as that the Sea Harriers could not esta9lishcomplete air superiority and prevent Argentine attacks during day or night nor couldthey completely stop the daily 73 Hercules transports night flights to the islandsampD3ltBlt

A com9ined si Sea Harriers -ere lost to either enemy fire accidents or mechanicalfailure during the -arampBlt he total aggregate loss rate for 9oth the Harriers and SeaHarriers on strike operations -as 2amp3MampB2lt

perations in the --seditamp

ritish Aerospace Sea Harrier FA2 of the oyal avy on the flight deck of H4S nvincible

he Sea Harrier sa- action in -ar again -hen it -as deployed in the 2KBconflict in osnia part of the Lugoslav Warsamp2lt $t launched raids on Ser9 forces and

provided air7support for the international taskforce units conducting )perations CenyFlight and Celi9erate Force against the Army of epu9lika SrpskaampB3ltBDlt )n 5 AprilD a Sea Harrier of the 8 aval Air Suadron operating from the aircraft carrierH4S rk $oyal -as 9rought do-n 9y a surface7to7air missile fired 9y the Army ofepu9lika Srpska -hile attempting to 9om9 t-o osnian Ser9 tanksampBBlt he pilot

ieutenant ick ichardson eected and landed in territory controlled 9y friendlyosnian 4uslimsampB5lt

$t -as used again in the A) campaign against the Federal epu9lic ofLugoslavia in )peration Allied ForceB0lt Sea Harriers -hich operated from H4S

nvincible freuently patrolled the airspace to keep Lugoslavian 4i=s on the groundampB8lt hey -ere also deployed to Sierra eone on 9oard H4S llustrious in 2 -hich -asitself part of a oyal avy convoy to supply and reinforce ritish intervention forces inthe regionamp2ltBlt

Retirementeditamp

A Sea Harrier FA2 on display at the ational 4aritime 4useum in 4ay 25he Sea Harrier -as -ithdra-n from service in 25 and the last remaining aircraftfrom 8 aval Air Suadron -ere decommissioned on 2 4arch 25amp5lt5lt he plansfor retirement -ere announced in 22 9y the 4inistry of Cefenceamp he aircraftsreplacement the F73B ightning $$52lt -as originally due in 22 the 4oC arguing thatsignificant ependiture -ould 9e reuired to upgrade the fleet for only si years ofserviceamp53lt y 4arch 2 the F73Bs introduction had 9een pushed 9ack to 25 at theearliest -ith the price dou9ledamp5Dlt he decision to retire the Sea Harrier early has 9eencriticised 9y some officers -ithin the militaryamp5Blt

oth versions of Harrier eperienced reduced engine performance 1Gegasus 4k 5 in

FA2 K 4k B in =0 in the higher am9ient temperatures of the 4iddle East -hichrestricted the -eight of payload that the Harrier could return to the carrier in vertical



recoveriesamp2lt his -as due to the safety factors associated -ith aircraft land7on-eightsamp he natural option K to install higher7rated Gegasus engines K -ould not 9e asstraightfor-ard as the Harrier =0 upgrade and -ould likely 9e an epensive and slo-

processamp2lt Furthermore the Sea Harriers -ere su9ect to a generally more hostileenvironment than land79ased Harriers -ith corrosive salt spray a particular pro9lemamp A

num9er of aircraft -ere retained 9y the School of Flight Ceck )perations at ASuldroseamp55lt

he oyal avys Fleet Air Arm -ould continue to share the other component of JointForce Harrier amp50lt Harrier =0 and the upgraded Harrier = -ere transferred to oyal

avy suadrons in 252lt 9ut -ere retired prematurely a fe- years later due to 9udgetcutsamp58lt he + plans to purchase the S) F73B to 9e operated from the oyal

avys Future -ueen (liabeth class aircraft carrier amp5lt0lt0lt

Indian Nayeditamp

$ndian avys Sea Harriers fly alongside +ampSamp avys F(A78F Super Hornet during4ala9ar 20amp

$n 00 the $ndian government approved of plans to acuire the Sea Harrier for the$ndian avygt prior to this rumours reportedly -ere circulating of a potential $ndian

purchase of the Soviet (S)7capa9le Lak735amp02lt $n 0 $ndia placed its first orderfor 5 Sea Harriers the first three of -hich arrived at Ca9olim Airport on 5 Cecem9er83amp03lt A separate deal for a further ten Sea Harriers -ere purchased in ovem9er8Bgt0Dlt eventually a total of 3 Harriers -ere procured 2B for operational use and theremainder as dual7seat trainer aircraftamp0Blt +ntil the s significant portions of pilottraining -as carried out in ritain due to limited aircraft availa9ilityamp 05lt

he introduction of the Sea Harrier allo-ed for the retirement of $ndias previous carrier fighter aircraft the Ha-ker Sea Ha-k as -ell as for the avys aircraft carrier $Sikrant 1e7H4S Hercules to 9e etensively modernised 9et-een 80 and 8amp03lt $ndia has operated Sea Harriers from 9oth the aircraft carriers $S ikrant and $Siraat 1e7H4S HermesampB2lt he Sea Harrier allo-ed several modern missiles to 9eintroduced into naval operations such as the ritish anti7ship Sea Eagle missile00lt andthe French 4atra 4agic missile for air7to7air com9atamp05lt )ther ordnance has included58 mm rockets run-ay7denial 9om9s cluster 9om9s and podded 3 mm cannonsamp05lt

here have 9een a significant num9er of accidents involving the Sea Harriergt thisaccident rate has caused approimately half the fleet to 9e lost -ith only fightersremaining in serviceamp Follo-ing a crash in August 2 all Sea Harriers -ere

temporarily grounded for inspectionamp08lt Since the 9eginning of operational service in the$ndian avy seven pilots have died in 0 crashes involving the Sea Harrier usuallyduring routine sortiesamp0lt

he $ndian aircraft carrier $S ikrant in the early 8s carrying Sea Harriers SeaHa-ks Allouette and Sea ing helicopters and Alie ASW aircraft

$n 25 the $ndian avy epressed interest in acuiring up to eight of the oyal avysrecently retired Sea Harrier FA2s in order to maintain their operational Sea Harrier fleet8lt either the Sea Harrier FA2s lue ien radar the radar -arning receiver orA4AA4 capa9ility -as proposed to 9e includedgt certain +S soft-are -ould 9e also

9e uninstalled prior to shipmentamp8lt

y )cto9er 25 reports emerged that the deal hadnot materialised due to the cost of airframe refur9ishmentamp8lt



As of 25 the $ndian avy -as in the process of upgrading up to B Sea Harriers incolla9oration -ith $srael 9y installing the Elta E(47232 radar and the afael Cer9ymedium range air to air missileamp82lt83lt his -ill ena9le the Sea Harrier to remain in$ndian service until 9eyond 22 and also see limited service off the ne- carriers it -illacuire 9y that time frameamp y 2 crashes had reduced $ndias fleet to 2 1out of

original 3amp8Dlt +ltimately $ndia plans to introduce larger aircraft carriers that canoperate ussian 4i=72 carrier fighters from their flight decks to replace the SeaHarrieramp8Blt85lt

ariantseditamp

Main article ist of Harrier variants

A Sea Harrier FS on H4S $nvinci9leSea Harrier FSamp

B0 FSs -ere delivered 9et-een 08 and 88gt most survivors converted toSea Harrier FA2 specifications from 88amplt

Sea Harrier FSampBSingle7seat fighter reconnaissance and attack aircraft made for the $ndian avysimilar to the ritish FSamp +nlike the FS Sea Harrier it is fitted -ith 4atraBB 4agic air7to7air missilesamp80lt hese aircraft -ere later upgraded -ith theElta E(47232 radar and the afael Cer9y AA4 missilesamp88lt

Sea Harrier F1Aamp2+pgrade of FS fleet in 88 featuring the lue ien Gulse7Coppler radar and the A$472 A4AA4 missileamplt

peratorseditamp

Main article ist of Harrier operators $ndia

$ndian avy +nited ingdom

oyal avy Fleet Air Arm 108K25

Suriorseditamp

Sea Harrier FA2 E5D at the 4idland Air 4useum

A num9er of surviving Sea Harrier airframes are held 9y museums and private o-nersand some others are at the oyal avy School of Flight Ceck )perations at ASuldroseamp8lt he follo-ing is an incomplete list of some of the surviving aircraftamp

$ndia

bull )ne Ae Sea Harrier FS B 1$752 preserved at the aval Aviation 4useum1$ndia in =oa $ndiaamplt

+nited ingdom

bull ine Sea Harrier FA2s 7 NDD CB0 E5 E52 H00 H08H82 H83 H83 7 are still used 9y the School of Flight Ceck )perations

at AS uldrose as of ovem9er 228lt



bull Four Sea Harriers C5 H05 H8D and H8 are stored at ASuldrose as of 22amplt

bull Sea Harrier FA2 E5D is ehi9ited at the 4idland Air 4useum oventryamp2lt

bull -o Sea Harriers an FS ND3(( and an FA2 1ND are also on

pu9lic display at the Fleet Air Arm 4useum at Leoviltonamp3ltDltBlt

bull Sea Harrier FS(FA2 A05 is preserved at the e-ark Air 4useum

bull Sea Harrier FS(FA2 NDB0 is restored and on pu9lic display at oscom9eCo-n Aviation ollection

bull Sea Harrier FA2 AB is displayed at the angmere 4ilitary Aviation 4useum

bull Sea Harrier FA2 NDB is preserved 9y a private o-ner near Shoreham Airportamp

bull Sea Harrier amp8 C2 -as -ritten off in an accident at Leovilton on 5 ovem9er 2 9ut -as later restored to non7air-orthy condition 9y Everett

Aero in Suffolk and is no- 9elieved to 9e privately o-ned in the 4anchesterareaamp

+nited States

bull Sea Harrier FA2 serial num9er ND3 Ha-ker7Siddeley 9uild num9er 22 alls Aviation St 4arys ounty 4arylandamp5lt

bull A single Sea Harrier is privately o-ned and flyingamp he former oyal avy SeaHarrier FA2 -as purchased in 25 9y Art alls -ho spent the net t-o yearsrestoring it to flying conditionamp $n Cecem9er 20 it -as damaged in a hardlanding -hile undergoing testing at aval Air Station Gatuent iver and had to

9e repairedamp0lt he aircraft made its first pu9lic appearance at an air sho- inulpeper irginia in )cto9er 28amp8lt he aircraft is the only privately o-nedcivilian7flo-n Harrier in the -orldamplt

Specifications 0Sea Harrier A1editamp

Sea Harrier FSBamp of the $ndian avy taking off from $S iraat

0ata from Wilsonlt ulllt Conald2lt Spick 3lt

2eneral characteristics

bull $re34

bull 5ength4 D5 ft 5 in 1Damp2 m

bull ingspan4 2B ft 3 in 10amp5 m

bull Height4 2 ft 2 in 13amp0 m

bull ing area4 2amp ftO 18amp58 mO

bull (mpty 3eight4 DB2 l9 1530D kg

bull Ma67 ta)eoff 3eight4 252 l9 1 kg

bull Po3erplant4 P olls7oyce Gegasus tur9ofan 2B l9f 1Bamp5D k

Performance



bull Ma6imum speed4 53B knots 103B mph 82 km(h

bull $ombat radius4 BD nmi 152 mi km

bull erry range4 0D nmi 12 mi 35 km

bull Serice ceiling4 B ft 15 m

bull Rate of climb4 B ft(min 12B m(s

Armament

bull 2uns4 2P 3 mm 1amp8 in ACE cannon pods under the fuselage -ith 3rounds each

bull Hardpoints4 DP under7-ing pylon stations and fuselage pylon on centerline plus 2 attach points for gun pods -ith a total capa9ility of 8 l9 1353 kg of payloadamp

bull Roc)ets4 DP 4atra rocket pods -ith 8 SE 58 mm rockets each

bull Missiles4

o Air7to7air missiles

A$47 Side-inder

A$472 A4AA4

BB 4agic 1Sea Harrier FSB

o Air7to7surface missile

AA4 anti7radiation missile 1A4

4artel missile A4o Anti7ship missiles

Sea Eagle

bull Bombs4 A variety of unguided iron 9om9s 1including 3 kg and D kg practice 9om9s or WEamp00 nuclear 9om9 1until 2 on Sea HarriersDlt

bull thers4

o reconnaissance pods or

o 2P auiliary drop tanks for ferry flight or etended range(loitering time

Aionics

bull Ferranti lue ien all7-eather air9orne radar

bull AE Systems AC200 actical Air avigation System

bull hales 4AC=E 4icro-ave Air9orne Cigital =uidance Euipment

bull Allied Signal A(AGN7 mk2 $FF

Notable appearances in mediaeditamp

Main article Harrier Jump Jet in fiction

he Harriers uniue characteristics have led to it 9eing featured a num9er of films andvideo gamesamp



See alsoeditamp

Royal Navy portal

British aircraft since World War II portal

Aviation portal

bull Harrier Jump Jet an overvie- of the Harrier family

bull ist of Harrier Jump Jet family losses

elated development

bull Ha-ker Siddeley Harrier

bull 4cConnell Couglas A78 Harrier $$

bull ritish Aerospace Harrier $$

Aircraft of compara9le role configuration and era

bull oeing N732bull ockheed 4artin F73B ightning $$

bull Lakovlev Lak738

elated lists

bull ist of aircraft of the Fleet Air Arm

bull ist of attack aircraft

bull ist of fighter aircraft

Referenceseditamp otes

1 8ump up 9 Ward pamp Bamp

2 8ump up 9 4ison =rahamamp Sea Harrier Co-n +nderamp Harrierorguk amp etrieved 25 April2amp

3 8ump up 9 ondon almost sold arms to A 9efore -ar Astonishing -eapons sales plan forArgentinaamp uenos Aires Heraldamp 2 June 2Bamp etrieved D January 2Damp

4 8ump up 9 School of Flight Ceck )perationsamp oyal avyamp etrieved 5 January 23amp

5 8ump up 9 o for the 4ighty anguardamp os ngeles Timesamp 2 August Bamp

6 8ump up 9 Analysis + navy aniously a-aits carriersamp +nited Gress $nternationalamp 3 July22amp etrieved 2 January 2Damp

7 8ump up 9 radford Jeffery 18amp Thirty years on reflections on 12 versus TS$ampamp effrey9radfordampcomampdead link lt

8 8ump up 9 Jenkins 8 pamp Bamp

9 8ump up 9 ull 2D pamp amp

10 Q Jump up to a b c d e f ordeen 25 pamp amp

11 Q Jump up to a b c =rove 80 ppamp 3K32amp

128ump up 9 4oore 80 ppamp 22amp



13 8ump up 9 4oore aptamp John Eamp 3arships of the $oyal 4avyamp Janes Gu9lishing 8$S 7057B7amp

14 Q Jump up to a b c ull 2D pamp 2amp

15 8ump up 9 Ha-ker Siddeleyamp +S entiennal of Flight ommissionamp etrieved 25 April 2amp

16 Q Jump up toa

b

c

d

e

f

)r9is R8B ppamp 335K33217 8ump up 9 Ford erry 18amp Sea Harrier K A e- Cimensionamp ircraft (ngineering and

erospace Technology 1radford England Emerald =roup Gu9lishing 15 2KBampdoiamp8(e93B02amp $SS 0B87D23amp

18 8ump up 9 Sloyan Gatrick J 123 4ay 82amp Sea Harrier changes face of air -arfareamp Tri ity

Herald ampdead link lt

19 Q Jump up to a b First Flight for Sea Harrier F$Samp 13amp Janes Cefense Weeklyamp ovem9er88amp pamp 050ampdead link lt

20 8ump up 9 Flight nternational pamp amp

21 Q Jump up to a b c d e f =raves Cavid 12 April 22amp Sea Harrier cuts leave the fleet eposed he

decision to retire the decisive -eapon of the Falklands conflict means the avy -ill have to relyon America for air supportamp The Telegraphamp etrieved January 2Damp

22 8ump up 9 Jenkins 8 pamp B2amp

23 8ump up 9 Spick 2 ppamp 355K30 380K32amp

24 8ump up 9 ull 2D pamp 2amp

25 8ump up 9 Jenkins 8 ppamp BKBBamp

26 Q Jump up to a b c avy puts more punch in its Harriersamp 4ew Scientist 1ondon + eedusiness $nformation -lt 1352 08amp 5 June 83amp $SS 2527D0amp

27 8ump up 9 Hoyle raig 1 4ay 25amp Harrier highamp Flightglobal amp etrieved 3 Cecem9er

23amp28 8ump up 9 aptor adar 1$nternational Air9orne radar systemsamp Janes Avionicsamp 3 4arch

2amp

29 8ump up 9 Gilot shortage hits Harriersamp 5lasgow Herald amp 3 July 80amp

30 8ump up 9 4arkman and Holder 2 ppamp 0DK00amp

31 8ump up 9 Jenkins 8 pamp 2Bamp

32 8ump up 9 4odern7day veteranamp http66wwwairsceneukorguk amp

33 8ump up 9 Wright im 1ovem9er 28amp )ldies )ddities he Alraigo $ncidentamp ir 7

Spaceamp etrieved D January 2Damp

34 8ump up 9 Sea Harrier ets land on autopilotamp 4ew Scientist 1ondon + eed usiness$nformation 12Bamp 28 4ay 2Bamp $SS 2527D0amp

35 Q Jump up to a b Cuffner o9ert Wamp 14archKApril 8Damp onflict in the South Atlantic theimpact of air po-eramp ir 8niversity $eview 14a-ell Air Force ase Ala9ama Cepartment ofthe Air Forceamp $SS 272BDamp

36 8ump up 9 A78 Harrier )perationsamp =lo9alSecurityamporgamp etrieved 2 April 2amp

37 8ump up 9 =rant 2B pamp 38amp

38 Q Jump up to a b c hat 4agnificent Flying 4achineamp TM( amp 0 June 82amp Archived from theoriginal on B August 20amp

39 8ump up 9 Cyer =-ynne 128 April 82amp ritain Air lockadeT hose Harriers Are A9le oCo he Jo9amp Sarasota Herald1Tribuneamp



40 8ump up 9 Janes Fighter om9at K om9at in the Jet Age $S D0822

41 8ump up 9 Gosey arl 1Septem9er 22amp Air War in the Falklandsamp ir 7 Spaceamp etrieved DJanuary 23amp

42 8ump up 9 Ward pamp 2amp

43 Q Jump up toa

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

orum James Samp 12 August 22amp Argentine Airpo-er in theFalklands Waramp ir 7 Space 9ower Journal 14a-ell AF Ala9ama Air +niversity Gress=I 13amp $SS BBB738BNamp etrieved 2 January 2Damp

44 8ump up 9 he rivalry that cost livesamp 4orthern (choamp B April 20amp etrieved D January2Damp

45 8ump up 9 ritains Jets om9er Hit Falklands Airfieldsgt ey Site alled rateredamp Toledo

ladeamp 2 4ay 82amp

46 8ump up 9 lanche Ed 12 4ay 82amp ritish follo-ing 9oer strategy in Falklandsamp ingman 0aily Miner amp

47 8ump up 9 Cunnell 2 pamp 2amp

48 8ump up 9 hilean Air Force hief intervie-amp edantampclarinampcom

49 8ump up 9 he )fficial History of the Falklands ampaign 9y Sir a-rence Freedmanampspyflightampcoampuk

50 8ump up 9 4ine Couglas =rant 1B April 82amp Argentine troops run the ritish 9lockade 9yair seaamp Miami 4ewsamp

51 8ump up 9 Harriers lost in the Falklandsamp naval7historyampnetamp etrieved 2 April 2amp

52 Q Jump up to a b ordeen 25 pamp Damp

53 8ump up 9 Weather -orries pilots preparing for osnia aidamp St ouis 9ost10ispatchamp 8Fe9ruary Damp

54 8ump up 9 efugees flee attacks on ihacamp Milkwaukee Sentinel amp 2D ovem9er Dampdead link lt

55 8ump up 9 ook ick 1 4arch 22amp Glus ca change ampampT A) aircraft are still particularlyvulnera9le to attack from certain forms of guided missilesamp nteravia usiness 7 TechnologyampHigheam esearch 1su9scription reuiredamp

56 8ump up 9 Co-ned ritish Jets Gilot escued in osniaamp Gitts9urgh Gost7=aetteamp 0 AprilDamp

57 8ump up 9 empster ormangt raul hris 1 April amp +ampSamp Sends 4ore Glanes toalkansamp os ngeles Timesamp etrieved 2 January 2Damp

58 8ump up 9 egel Simeon 13 4ay amp Harriers cat and mouse game -ith 4i=samp irmingham 9ost 1Higheam esearch 1su9scription reuiredamp

59 8ump up 9 ritish avy ships arrive in Sierra eoneamp 4ew Straits Timesamp B 4ay 2amp

60 8ump up 9 immons Sean 1 Fe9ruary 25amp Sea Harriers fly -ith F7Bs one last timeampStars and Stripesamp etrieved 2 January 2Damp

61 8ump up 9 ast Sea Harriers flight at 9aseamp 4ewsamp 2 4arch 25amp etrieved D January2Damp

62 8ump up 9 4aggie Fo 1D January 2amp Aircraft carrier deal is far from plain sailingamp irmingham 9ost 1Higheam esearch 1su9scription reuiredamp

63 8ump up 9 ook ick 1 April 22amp oyal avy Sea Harrier FA2 S) fighters to 9eretiredamp nteravia usiness 7 Technologyamp Higheam esearch 1su9scription reuiredamp

64 8ump up 9 Joint Strike Fighter price no- dou9leamp openhagen Gostamp 2 4arch 2amp





89 Q Jump up to a b Aamp Horre 4amp ay 4amp oulanger amp Cunn amp 4c=hee amp Woodamp SeaHarrieramp Cemo99ed K )ut of Service ritish 4ilitary Aircraftamphttp((---ampdemo99edamporgampuk(aircraftampphpTtypeV53

90 8ump up 9 http((---amp-ar9irdsofindiaampcom(goa(nam(D7naval7aviation7museum7an7overvie-amphtml

91 8ump up 9 Aamp Horre 4amp ay 4amp oulanger amp Cunn amp 4c=hee amp Woodamp Sea HarrierampCemo99ed K )ut of Service ritish 4ilitary Aircraftamp

92 8ump up 9 )ur Aircraft K Full istingamp 4idland Air 4useumamp etrieved 2 April 2amp

93 8ump up 9 Fleet Air Arm 4useum Search for Harrieramp Fleet Air Arm 4useumamp etrieved28 August 2ampdead link lt

94 8ump up 9 ritish Aerospace Sea Harrier FSamp Fleet Air Arm 4useumamp etrieved 28 August2amp

95 8ump up 9 ritish Aerospace Sea Harrier FA2 1NDamp Fleet Air Arm 4useumamp etrieved 28August 2amp

96 8ump up 9 alls Aviation K Home of the Sea Harrieramp alls Aviationamp etrieved 2 April2amp

97 8ump up 9 Jenna Johnson 12 January 28amp Flying ack in ime $n His )-n Warplaneamp 3ashington 9ost amp etrieved 2 January 23amp

98 8ump up 9 Scott Ghilamp ir and Spaceamp January 2 +pdates page 2amp

99 8ump up 9 alls Aviation

100 8ump up 9 Wilson 2 pamp 23amp

101 8ump up 9 ull 2D ppamp 22K22amp

102 8ump up 9 Conald 0 ppamp 2BK25amp

103 8ump up 9 Spick 2 ppamp 3K2 DDamp104 8ump up 9 Witney icholas amp Jamp 1Damp ritish uclear Golicy After the old Waramp

Survival 1ondon + $nstitute for Strategic Studies 1D 5K2amp $SS BBB738BNamp

i9liography

bull Sea Harrier FSamp2 passes sea trials on H4S Ark oyalamp Flight nternational 1ondon + eed usiness $nformation lt 1D2D3 amp 2K20 ovem9er amp$SS B730amp etrieved 3 Cecem9er 23amp

bull ull Stephen 12Damp (ncyclopedia of Military Technology and nnovationamp Westportonnecticut =reen-ood Gu9lishingamp $S 7B03B57BB07amp

bull hant hrisamp ir 3ar in the Falklands =gtamp ltsprey ombat ircraft ampgtAamp )ford+ )sprey Gu9lishing 2amp $S 08778D0572370amp

bull Conald Cavid edamp 10amp ritish Aerospace Sea Harrieramp The omplete

(ncyclopedia of 3orld ircraft amp e- Lork arnes o9le ooksamp ppamp 2BK25amp$S 70507B27Bamp

bull Cunnell en edamp 1Fe9ruary 2amp Fare-ell to the Harrieramp lassic ircraft 1Shepperton 4iddlese $an Allan Gu9lishing 5K2Bamp $SS 2D72Bamp

bull Eden Gaul edamp 12Damp The (ncyclopedia of Modern Military ircraft amp ondon +Am9er ooksamp $S 7D58078D7amp



bull =rant e9ecca 14arch 2Bamp he Air Force says it -ants a S) F73Bamp $s it rightfor todays com9at environmentT Epeditionary fighteramp ir Force magaine 1Washington Campamp Air Force Association 188 38KD2amp $SS 037508Damp

bull =rove Eric J 180amp anguard to TridentB ritish 4aval 9olicy since 3orld 3ar ampondon + he odley Headamp $S 73073270amp

bull =unston ill and 4ike Spick 183amp Modern ir ombat The ircraft Tactics and

3eapons (mployed in erial 3arfare Todayamp e- Lork rescent ooksamp $S 7B07D25B7amp

bull Hiranandani =amp4amp 12amp Transition to Triumph History of the ndian 4avy =CDE

=Damp e- Celhi $ndia ancer Gu9lishersamp $S 7808270278amp

bull Hiranandani =amp4amp 122amp Transition to 5uardianship ndian 4avy ==Eamp222amp e-Celhi $ndia ancer Gu9lishersamp $S 73BB72570amp

bull Jenkins Cennis amp 18amp oeing6e Harrier amp War9ird ech amp orth ranch4innesota Specialty Gressamp $S 7B807D7amp

bull 4arkman Stevegt ill Holder 12amp 4A7CA(Ae A78 Harrier ectored hrust)amp Straight 8p History of ertical Flight amp Schiffer Gu9lishingamp $S 705D372D7amp

bull 4oore aptain John Eamp 18amp 3arships of the $oyal 4avyamp oulsdon + JanesGu9lishingamp $S 7057B7amp

bull ordeen on )amp 125amp Harrier alidating 6STltamp Annapolis 4aryland aval$nstitute Gressamp $S 7BD7B3578amp

bull Smith hris 1Damp ndiaGs d Hoc rsenal 0irection ltr 0rift in 0efence 9olicyamp )ford + )ford +niversity Gressamp $S 7782587Namp

bull Spick 4ike edamp 12amp The 5reat ook of Modern 3arplanesamp )sceola Wisconsin4$ Gu9lishingamp $S 70537837Damp

bull Ward Sharkey 123amp Sea Harrier over the Falklands Maverick at 3ar amp ondon+ )rion Gu9lishingamp $S 08773D73BBD275amp

bull Wilson Ste-art 12amp ombat ircraft since =IDamp ondon + AerospaceGu9licationsamp $S 780B507B7amp

bull The llustrated (ncyclopedia of ircraft 9art 3ork =gtampE=gtDAamp )r9is Gu9lishingamp8Bamp

Further reading

bull Hunter Jamie 12Bamp Sea Harrier The ast ll1ritish Fighter amp 4idlandGu9lishingamp $S 0878B08208amp

(6ternal lin)seditamp

Wikimedia ommons has media related to BAE Sea Harrier amp

bull ritish Aerospace Sea Harrier

bull Sea Harrier Still Alive and icking 1archive article

bull ist of surviving Sea Harriers Cemo99ed K )ut of Service ritish 4ilitaryAircraft



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Harrier 8ump 8et family and related aircraft

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Military aircraft manufactured in Britain since orld ar II



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img srcV((enamp-ikipediaamporg(-iki(SpecialentralAutoogin(startTtypeV altVtitleV -idthV heightV styleV9order nonegt position a9solutegt (Xetrieved from http((enamp-ikipediaamporg(-(indeampphpTtitleVritishYAerospaceYSeaYHarrieroldidV525285ategories

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he Sea Harrier served in the Falklands War 9oth of the =ulf Wars and the alkansconflictsgt on all occasions it mainly operated from aircraft carriers positioned -ithin theconflict oneamp $ts usage in the Falklands War -as its most high profile and importantsuccess -here it -as the only fied7-ing fighter availa9le to protect the ritish askForceamp he Sea Harriers shot do-n 2 enemy aircraft during the conflict -ith one lost to

enemy ground fireamp hey -ere also used to launch ground attacks in the same manner asthe Harriers operated 9y the oyal Air Forceamp

he Sea Harrier -as marketed for sales a9road 9ut 9y 83 $ndia -as the only operator other than ritain after sales to Argentina and Australia -ere unsuccessfulamp2lt3lt A secondupdated version for the oyal avy -as made in 3 as the Sea Harrier Aimproving its air to air a9ilities and -eapons compati9ilities along -ith a more

po-erful enginegt this version continued manufacture until 8amp he aircraft -as-ithdra-n early from oyal avy service in 4arch 25 and replaced in the short term

9y the Harrier = no- itself retired although the intended long term replacement isockheed 4artins F73B ightning $$amp he Sea Harrier is in active use in the $ndian

avy although it -ill eventually 9e replaced 9y the 4ikoyan 4i=72 amp Although-ithdra-n from active oyal avy service Sea Harriers are used to train naval aircrafthandlers at the oyal avy School of Flight Ceck )perationsampDlt

$ontents

hidelt

bull Cevelopment

bull 2 Cesign

bull 3 )perational history

o 3amp oyal avy 3ampamp Entry into service

3ampamp2 Falklands War

3ampamp3 )perations in the s

3ampampD etirement

o 3amp2 $ndian avy

bull D ariants

bull B )perators

bull 5 Survivors

bull 0 Specifications 1Sea Harrier FA2

bull 8 ota9le appearances in media

bull See also

bull eferences

bull Eternal links

Deelopmenteditamp

Main articles nvincible class aircraft carrier and Hawker Siddeley Harrier






$oyal in 53amp8ltlt








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Sea HARRIER (British Aerospace) - Wikipedia.rtf