SEA CUCUMBER IT-RYAN.I

DFMR 310: WORK ATTACHMENT EXPERIENCE

National Fisheries College in Association with the University of Natural

Resources and Environment

SPAWNING PERIODS OF SEA CUCUMBER IN KAVIENG, NEW

IRELAND PROVINCE

INTRODUCTIONOBJECTIVESMATERIALSMETHODSRESULTS

DISCUSSIONRECOMMENDATION

CONCLUSIONACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

OUTLINE

Sea cucumbers/Holothuria are of the class Holothuroidea under phylum Echinodermata.

Consists of 6 orders, 25 families, 200 genera and over 1200 to 1400 species

Much research has been done on Sea Cucumbers but mainly focused on its commercial value and how to sustain it for further exploitation

But there are still gaps in the scientific knowledge of their reproduction cycles, larvae, etc..

INTRODUCTION

This study was mainly focused on their spawning behaviours and the months spawning occurred around Kavieng, New Ireland Province

This study was conducted at a site in New Ireland Province: Sivasat, Ward 4 of the Kavieng Urban LLG.

Terms to note in this study: Holothurians/Sea Cucumber (live) and Beche-de-mer (dead)

Note also: time did not allow for the study to fully achieve its potential for the study started way behind schedule. Therefore the results shown are what has been noted down since the start until recently.

NOTE

Build a sturdy penStock the pen with species of sea cucumber

to be studiedStudy their growth ratesObserve their spawning behavioursStudy larvae specimens of the different

speciesAnd generally find suitable ways to increase

the stock numbers around the project site

OBJECTIVES

Cocoa Mesh Wire-900 mm by 30 metresShade cloth-30 metresTie wire x 1 coil-1.6 mmSledge hammerRods x4- 16 mmTemperature meterCasio fx-100MS scientific calculatorWaterproof data board

MATERIALS

Measuring tape and measuring boardBuckets x2Snorkelling gear: diving masks, snorkels and

reef bootsCircular saw

Cont... MATERIALS

CONSTRUCTION OF THE PROJECTRods cut up into 3 partsUsage of the sledge hammer, the rods were

hammered into the sea bed.An outline of a pen of 7 m x 3 mCocoa mesh wire unrolled aroundShade cloth measured, cut and unrolled

around the mesh wire set in place by tie wires

METHODS

STOCKING OF THE PROJECT SITESpecimens were collected from the

surrounding waters of Sivasat and the mangrove area there.

COLLECTION AND ANALYZING OF THE DATATwo sets of data was collected during the

month of MayA 3 m radius search was conducted before

each set of data was collected

A measuring table was used but discarded along with the data collected due to inconsistency of data being collected

Raw data was recorded down and entered into MS Excel in a table form

Mean total of circumference and length of each species was calculated using Auto Average

Percentage of the mean was then calculated

Cont.. COLLECTION AND ANALYZING OF DATA

Comparing the mean length to the mean circumference, a table was formed for each category and a column graph formed.

Spawning was observed once and the water temperature with the depth was recorded down

Three measurements were taken of each category and the mean of each was calculated from them

Cont.. COLLECTION AND ANALYZING OF DATA

STUDY SITEKAVIENG GENERAL HOSPITAL

STUDY SITE

RESULTSCOMMON NAMES SCIENTIFIC NAMES

BLACKFISH Actinopyga miliaris

CURRYFISH Stichopus hermanni

DEEPWATER REDFISH Actinopyga echinites

LOLLYFISH Holothuria (Halodeima) atra

SANDFISH Holothuria (Metriatyla) scabra

SNAKEFISH Holothuria (Acanthotrapeza) coluber

WHITE TEATFISH Holothuria (Microthele) fuscogilva

SPECIES (COMMON NAMES)

MEAN CIRCUMFERENCE (cm) MEAN LENGTH (cm)

BLACKFISH 19.25 16.13

CURRYFISH 25 19

DEEPWATER REDFISH 15.15 16.23

LOLLYFISH 24.25 16.5

SANDFISH 15.33 12.5

SNAKEFISH 22.8 12.6

WHITE TEATFISH 23 25

Cont... RESULTS


PERCENTAGE (CIRCUM)-1st data

PERCENTAGE (CIRCUM)-2nd data


CURRYFISH 17.27 10.75



SANDFISH 10.59 13.13

SNAKEFISH 15.75 15.91

WHITE TEATFISH 15.88 10.74

Cont... RESULTS


PERCENTAGE (LNGTH)-1st data

PERCENTAGE (LNGTH)-2nd data


CURRYFISH 16.11 13.94



SANDFISH 10.6 11.81

SNAKEFISH 10.68 17.86

WHITE TEATFISH 21.19 13.94

Cont... RESULTS

Cont... RESULTS

BLACKF

ISH

CURRYFISH

DEEPW

ATER

REDFIS

H

LOLLY

FISH

SANDFIS

H

SNAK

EFISH

WHITE TE

ATFIS

H05

1015202530

Circumference Percentage of both First and Second Data collected

PERCENTAGE (CIRCUM)-1st dataPERCENTAGE (CIRCUM)-2nd data


CIRC

UM

FERE

NCE

(cm

)

Cont... RESULTS

BLAC

KFISH

CURRYFISH

DEEPW

ATER

REDFIS

H

LOLLY

FISH

SANDFIS

H

SNAK

EFISH

WHITE TE

ATFIS

H05

10152025

Length Percentage of both the First and Second Data collected

PERCENTAGE (LNGTH)-1st dataPERCENTAGE (LNGTH)-2nd data


LEN

GTH

(cm

)

The eco-system inside the pen as much as possible mimicked the eco-system outside.

Species of sea cucumber identified using Pacific Island Sea Cucumber and beche-de-mer ID cards which were produced by the SPC

Positive changes in the growth and development of marine plants and organisms in the pen.

Mobile organisms including the specimens of species of holothurians were able to escape

DISCUSSION

The weight of each individual of different species was not collected to due lack of resources

Attempts of measuring their growth rate was made but proved Conand in 1990 publication of Fisheries Technical Paper No. 272.2-FAO correct. Growth is very difficult to measure

Species such as Blackfish, Deepwater Redfish, Sandfish positively changed in their circumference measurement but can be due to human error

For in their length percentage, it is the Lollyfish, Sandfish and Snakefish that changes positively

Spawning peaks around the months of November and December when the water is warm and usually the North-westerly wind blows

Spawning occurred at the site on the 13/06/2012. the water temperature: 30.9°C with the water at an average depth of 67 cm. Larvae specimens was not captured due to unfortunate passing away of diploma technical officer.

More attention given to scientific research of our marine eco-system and their components. Their day to day living especially.

These time allocated to such activities such as Diploma 3rd year IT can be an advantage to the scientific fisheries knowledge of PNG marine and aquatic systems if properly planned

RECOMMENDATION

The major objectives were not fully achieved

Steps were taken to ensure a more consistent collection of data as possible but human error interfered

Much was learnt though, experience wiseGrowth rate was very difficult to measure

though there are ways to measure but it would quite expensive

CONCLUSION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My supervisory team under the Commercial Fishing

Operations (CFO): Mr L Pomat, Mr J Bagat, Mr S Kanawi, Mr K Mai, Mr G Yowai, Mr M Komai and the program leader, Mr J Oswyn

Mr L Pomat & family The National Fisheries College Diploma Office team of The National Fisheries College And my fellow colleagues: Ms P Hombhanje, Mr P

Kanawi, Mr G Maiva, Mr R Esi, Mr B Rero, Mr A Goiye, Ms M Andrew, Ms M Kelokelo, Mr R Daniel, Mr R Harangu, Ms M Ovasuru, Mr C Molai, Ms J Kalo, Mr H Meria, Ms M Simwale and Mr A Kamaram

....THANK YOU ALL FOR YOUR EARS AND CONCENTRATION....

IGAT SUMPLA ASKIM...ANY QUESTIONS?

Documents

SEA CUCUMBER IT-RYAN.I