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8/14/2019 SCR Applications - Electronic Circuits and Diagram-Electronics Projects and Design
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Free Applications Circuit Diagram Control SCR SCR Applications
Inverter 12V 220V 5000Wwww.alibaba.com
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and power control is obtained by varying the firing angle. This is known as phase control. A simple half-wave circuit is shown in figure
a. for illustrating the principle of phase control for an inductive load. The load current, load voltage and supply voltage waveforms are
shown in figure b. The SCR will turn-offby natural commutation when the current becomes zero. Angle is known as the conduction
angle. By varying the firing angle a, the rms value of the load voltage can be varied. The power consumed by the load decreases with the
increase in firing angle a. The reactive power input from the supply increases with the increase in firing angle. The load current wave-form
can be improved by connecting a free-wheeling diode D1, as shown by the dotted line in fig-a. With this diode, SCR will be turned-off
as soon as the input voltage polarity reverses. After that, the load current will free wheel through the diode and a reverse voltage will
appear across the SCR. The main advantage of phase control is that the load current passes through a natural zero point during every
half cycle. So, the device turns-off by itself at the end of every conducting period and no other commutating circuit is required.
Power control in dc circuits is obtained by varying the duration of on-time and off-time of the device and such a mode of operation is
called on-off control or chopper control. Another important application of SCRs is in inverters, used for converting dc into ac. The
input frequency is related to the triggering frequency of SCRs in the inverters. Thus, variable frequency supply can be easily obtained and
used for speed control of ac motors, induction heating, electrolytic cleaning, fluorescent lighting and several other applications. Because
of the large power-handling capacity of the SCRs, the SCR controlled inverter has more or less replaced motor-generator sets and
magnetic frequency multipliers for generating high frequency at large power ratings.
Operation of Power Control in SCR
A commonly used circuit for controlling power in load RLusing two SCRs is shown in figure. Potentiometer R controls the angle of
conduction of the two SCRs. The greater the resistance of the pot, lesser will be the voltage across capacitors C 1and C2and hencesmaller will be the time duration of conduction of SCR1and SCR2during a cycle.
During positive half cycle capacitor C2gets charged through diode D1, pot R, and diode D4. When the capacitor gets fully charged,
(charge on the capacitor depending upon the value of R) it discharges through Zener diode Z. This gives a pulse to the primary and
thereby secondary of the transformer T2. Thus SCR2, which is forward biased, is turned onand conducts through load RL. During
negative half cycle similar action takes place due to charging of capacitor C1and SCR1is triggered. Thus power to a load is controlled
by using SCRs.
2. Switching.
Thyristor, being bistable device is widely used for switching of power signals owing to their long life, high operation speed and freedomfrom other defects associated with mechanical and electro-mechanical switches.
AC Circuit Breaker using SCR
Figure shows a circuit in which two SCRs are used for making and breaking an ac circuit. The input voltage is alternating and the trigger
pulses are applied to the gates of SCRs through the control switch S. Resistance R is provided in the gate circuit to limit the gate current
while resistors R1and R2are to protect the diodes D1 and D2respectively.
For starting the circuit, when switch S is closed, SCR1 will fire at the beginning of the positive half-cycle (the gate trigger current is
assumed to be very small) because during positive half cycle SCR1is forward biased. It will turn-off when the current goes through the
zero value. As soon as SCR1 is turned-off, SCR2will fire since the voltage polarity is already reversed and it gets the proper gate
current. The circuit can be broken by opening the switch S. Opening of gate circuit poses no problem, as current through this switch issmall. As no further gate signal will be applied to the SCRs when switch S is open, the SCRs will not be triggered and the load current
will be zero. The maximum time delay for breaking the circuit is one half-cycle.
Thus several hundred amperes of load current can be switched on/off simply by handling gate current of few mA by an ordinary
switch. The above circuit is also called the static contactor because it does not have any moving part.
http://www.circuitstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/Static-AC-Circuit-Breaker.jpghttp://www.circuitstoday.com/how-an-inverter-workshttp://www.circuitstoday.com/scr-turning-off-methodshttp://www.circuitstoday.com/scr-control-circuits8/14/2019 SCR Applications - Electronic Circuits and Diagram-Electronics Projects and Design
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DC circuit breaker
SCR Application-DC Circuit Breaker
As shown in figure, Capacitor C provides the required commutation of the main SCR since the current does not have a natural zero
value in a dc circuit. When the SCR1
is in conducting state, the load voltage will be equal to the supply voltage and the capacitor C will
be charged through resistor R. The circuit is broken by turning-off SCR1. This is done by firing SCR2, called the auxiliary SCR.
Capacitor C discharges through SCR2and SCR1. This discharge current is in opposite direction to that flowing through SCR1and when
the two become equal SCR2turns-off. Now capacitor C gets charged through the load and when the capacitor C gets fully charged, the
SCR2tums-off. Thus the circuit acts as a dc circuit breaker. The resistor R is taken of such a value that current through R is lower than
that of holding current.
3. Zero Voltage Switching.
SCR Switching Application
In some ac circuits it is necessary to apply the voltage to the load when the instantaneous value of this voltage is going through the zero
value. This is to avoid a high rate of increase of current in case of purely resistive loads such as lighting and furnace loads, and therebyreduce the generation of radio noise and hot-spot temperatures in the device carrying the load current. The circuit to achieve this
is shown in figure. Only half-wave control is used here. The portion of the circuit shown by the dotted lines relates to the negative half
cycle. Whatever may be the instant of time when switch S is opened (either during the positive or the negative half cycle), only at the
beginning of the following positive half-cycle of the applied voltage SCR1will be triggered. Similarly, when switch S is closed, SCR1will
stop conducting at the end of the present or previous positive half-cycle and will not get triggered again. Resistors R3 and R4 are
designed on the basis of minimum base and gate currents required for transistor Q1 and SCR1. Resistors Rland R2 govern rates of the
charging and discharging of capacitor C1Resistor R5is used for preventing large discharge currents when switch S is closed.
4. Over-Voltage Protection.
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Over Voltage Circuit Protection
SCRs can be employed for protecting other equipment from over-voltages owing to their fast switching action. The SCR employed for
protection is connected in parallel with the load. Whenever the voltage exceeds a specified limit, the gate of the SCR will get energized
and trigger the SCR. A large current will be drawn from the supply mains and voltage across the load will be reduced. Two SCRs are
usedone for the positive half-cycle and the other for negative half-cycle, as shown in figure. Resistor R1 limits the short-circuit current
when the SCRs are fired. Zener diode D5in series with resistors Rxand R2constitutes a voltage-sensing circuit.
5.Pulse Circuits.
SCR-Pulse Circuit
SCRs are used for producing high voltage/current pulses of desired waveform and duration. The capacitor C is charged during the
positive half cycle of the input supply and the SCR is triggered during the negative half-cycle. The capacitor will discharge through
the output circuit, and when theSCR forward currentbecomes zero, it will turn-off. The output circuit is designed to have discharge
current of less than a milli-second duration. The capacitor will again get charged in the following positive half-cycle and the SCR will be
triggered again in the negative half-cycle. Thus the frequency of the output pulse will be equal to the frequency of the input supply. For
limiting the charging current resistor R is used. High voltage/current pulses can be used in spot welding, electronic ignition in automo biles,generation of large magnetic fields of short duration, and in testing of insulation.
6. Battery Charging Regulator.
Battery Charging Regulator
The basic components of the circuits are shown in figure. Diodes D1and D2 are to establish a full-wave rectified signal across SCR1andthe 12 V battery to be charged. When the battery is in discharged condition, SCR2 is in the off-state as will be clear after
discussion. When the full-wave rectified input is large enough to give the required turn-on gate current (controlled by resistor R1), SCR1
will turn on and the charging of the battery will commence. At the commencement of charging of battery, voltage VRdetermined by the
simple voltage-divider circuit is too small to cause 11.0 V zener conduction. In the off-state Zener diode is effectively an open-circuit
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27 Responses to SCR Applications
TerryKsays:August 26, 2013 at 5:38 pm
What are the Values and Part #s for the components of the
SCR-based Battery Charging Regulator circuit ???
Reply
v.sudeesh kumarsays:
August 23, 2013 at 9:28 am
very veary fluantly &xlent
Reply
zulfiqarsays:
June 30, 2013 at 4:26 pm
Very useful circuits for learners of AC switching designers.
Reply
Kheminder Bhadanasays:
February 7, 2013 at 9:25 am
Whats requirement of electronics in Indian Army?
Reply
Clementsays:December 17, 2012 at 10:39 am
pls tell me a project that i can submit in my college.
it must be using scr or mosfet.
Reply
Collinssays:
July 20, 2012 at 6:34 am
And hw can i know if it wil works?
ReplyCollinssays:
July 20, 2012 at 6:30 am
Hw valid are all these circuit diagram.because i want to start working on them.and a friend is discouraging me that most of them
doenst work.please what do i do.advice me.
http://nil/http://www.circuitstoday.com/scr-applications?replytocom=86727#respondhttp://nil/http://www.circuitstoday.com/scr-applications?replytocom=90637#respondhttp://www.circuitstoday.com/scr-applications?replytocom=91712#respondhttp://google.com/http://www.circuitstoday.com/scr-applications?replytocom=95314#respondhttp://www.circuitstoday.com/scr-applications?replytocom=96470#respondhttp://googl/http://www.circuitstoday.com/scr-applications?replytocom=96511#respondhttp://n/a8/14/2019 SCR Applications - Electronic Circuits and Diagram-Electronics Projects and Design
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Reply
Thiyagasays:
June 24, 2012 at 10:18 am
what is the practical application of scr in our day to day life?
Reply
Ryan Castillosays:
April 7, 2012 at 1:40 pm
Can i used the small voltage from the speaker of telephone to triger the
gate of SCR and serve as switch to ring load like 24Vdc/ac ringer bell.Please advie an cicrcuit diagram
thnx
Reply
Eliassays:
January 12, 2012 at 11:41 pm
May I have the value of every comp for the battery charger
Reply
Aqeelsays:
January 10, 2012 at 2:29 am
Provide knowledge very wel.
Reply
Phillipsays:
September 28, 2011 at 1:31 pm
What type of background would an expert in SCR come from are they electronic or some other classification as I need to find
someone who can advise on the types of SCR we need for our application?
ReplyPhillipsays:
September 28, 2011 at 1:28 pm
Great Content and very interesting. Do you know of a system control programmer that could write the software to control the
SCR as switches in a voltage regulator?
Reply
DHinFLosays:
August 10, 2011 at 6:32 am
I wonder if someone could supply the component values for the
AC and DC static circuit breakers. I want to control the output for 250vac and 28vdc power sources.
Reply
Saturated Quiescentsays:
July 28, 2011 at 6:27 pm
Hello SEETHARAMAN,
thank you for the suggestion. well try to fix the circuit that youve suggested. thanks!
Reply
seetharamansays:
July 22, 2011 at 9:18 am
Hi Quiescent feed the load through a resistance sense the current to the load as the voltage drop across the resistance and use
zener for the level and fire another SCR to disconnect the supply to load.
Reply
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Saturated Quiescentsays:
July 22, 2011 at 3:17 am
>>greetings!
just wanna ask if that Over-Voltage Protection can function as an over-current protection??? can you give some ideas how
will it work?
looking forward for your kind suggestions.. thank you!
..Mr. Quiescent
Reply
SURAJIT SAMANTAsays:
November 3, 2010 at 7:46 am
really it is very helpul for me.
Reply
Adena Zonasays:
September 2, 2010 at 5:42 pm
The 3 phase electric power is common way of alternating current transmission and it is a type of polyphase system and is thenormal way used by electric power distribution grids to distribute power. That looks like exactly the 3 phase alternator Ive been
looking for.
Reply
seetharamansays:
June 16, 2010 at 2:51 am
Hi Edgardo this is only an indication of different type of SCR application. a typical cicuit can be seen on
http://www.circuitstoday.com/battery-charger-circuit-using-scrthe project
Reply
Edgardo Diololasays:June 16, 2010 at 12:41 am
Good day..
May I know the exact specification on every component if this circuit? (BATERY CHARGING REGULATOR CIRCUIT)
Thanks a lot.
Reply
Edgardo Diololasays:
June 16, 2010 at 12:39 am
Good day..
May I know the exact specification on every component if this circuit?Thanks a lot.
Reply
Dannysays:
April 16, 2010 at 10:08 pm
I wonder if you could perhaps help with values to the full wave speed control using 2 SCRs and caps, diodes and pot to adjust
the point on the wave of starting to conduct for both half cycles.
I need it to switch currents on 250V AC with currents up to 6A. I am using SCRs rated at 8A. My circuit veroboard just blew
up after 30years. It was a trade test project way back in the 1970s
Reply
chandrasays:
January 23, 2010 at 12:29 am
very very well&good.
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Reply
jay clarksays:
January 21, 2010 at 1:11 am
thank u!!
Reply
Bade3says:
January 1, 2010 at 5:33 pm
good circuits , can i get some real circuit for 100 watt ac power controller ?
thanks all
Reply
IFTIKHARsays:
September 15, 2009 at 4:16 pm
very usefull circuit
Reply
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