SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION1500-1700

• Influenced by the Renaissance spirit– spirit of curiosity– encouraged to study natural world– questioned long-held beliefs– developed a split between science

and religion

Developed Scientific Method•Logical procedure for

gathering and testing data–state the problem–form a hypothesis–experiment–draw conclusions

•Traditional beliefs - Greeks•Aristarchus

–“Sun-centered” theory

•Ptolemy–“earth-centered” theory

Traditional beliefs

•Church view of universe from 200 AD on was geocentric

•earth -center of universe - sinful, heavy, unique, special

•Heaven is around earth, –planets and sun - perfect– things move @ earth in perfect circles

Copernicus 1473 -1543

• Polish astronomer• Studied Aristarchus and thought

he was right• Wrote On the Revolution of the

Heavenly Spheres, • published in 1543 - supported

HELIOCENTRIC THEORY

COPERNICUS

• Also said the earth rotated on its axis - was not stationary

• Earth revolved around the sun in perfect circles

Tycho Brahe 1546 - 1601

•Danish astronomer•built observatory•recorded what he saw

Johannes Kepler 1571 - 1638

• Brahe’s assistant• used his records to prove

Copernicus’ theory• said planets revolve around the

sun in ellipses• used mathematics to prove it

Galileo Galilei 1564 - 1642

• Gave visual proof to Copernicus’ theory

• used telescope (popularized its use)– showed not all heavenly bodies

revolve around the earth– moon had rough, broken surface,

jagged mountains– sun had spots

Galileo

• Put on trial and condemned by Church

• Forced to recant– “And yet it moves”

• Also developed – principle of the pendulum– law of motion - objects fall at the same

speed– natural state of an object is motion

Ambrose Pare

•French physician•developed ointment to apply

to wounds to prevent infections

•developed stitches

Anton von Leeuwenhoek1632 - 1723

•Dutch cloth merchant•developed microscope

Andreas Vesalius

•Studied human anatomy•wrote On the Fabric of the

Human Body

William Harvey

•English physician•said blood circulated through

the body•heart pumps it

•Farenheit –German physicist, created the first mercury thermometer ,32 - freezing

•Celcius–Swedish astronomer, created a scalee for mercury thermometer, 0 - freezing

•Torricelli–developed the first mercury barometer