Scientific MethodsScientific Methods

Chapter 2Chapter 2

Biology 1Biology 1

CHSCHS Pre-Test

Canada Goose

Notes

Pre-AssessmentPre-Assessment

1.1. A logical conclusion based on observations is called A logical conclusion based on observations is called a(an)a(an)a.generalization.a.generalization. b.hypothesis.b.hypothesis.c.inference.c.inference. d.theory.d.theory.

2.2. When enough experimental data support a When enough experimental data support a hypothesis, the hypothesis becomes a(an)hypothesis, the hypothesis becomes a(an)a.fact.a.fact. b.theory.b.theory.c.inference.c.inference. d.conclusion.d.conclusion.

3.3. Thinking that someone is at the door when you hear Thinking that someone is at the door when you hear the doorbell ring is an example of a(an)the doorbell ring is an example of a(an)a.inference.a.inference. b.observation.b.observation.c.theory.c.theory. d.conclusion.d.conclusion.

Pre-AssessmentPre-Assessment

4.4. The ability to reproduce results is an important part The ability to reproduce results is an important part of anyof anya.hypothesis.a.hypothesis. b.theory.b.theory.c.law.c.law. d.experiment.d.experiment.

5.5. The scientific unit used to measure mass is theThe scientific unit used to measure mass is thea.litera.liter b.gramb.gramc.celsiusc.celsius d.meterd.meter

6. The scientific unit used to measure volume is the6. The scientific unit used to measure volume is thea.litera.liter b.gramb.gramc.celsiusc.celsius d.meterd.meter

Pre-AssessmentPre-Assessment

7.7. Biology is the scientific study ofBiology is the scientific study ofa.the land, water, and air on Earth.a.the land, water, and air on Earth. b.animals. b.animals. c.life.c.life. d.the universe.d.the universe.

8.8. A controlled experiment allows the scientist to A controlled experiment allows the scientist to isolate and testisolate and testa.a conclusion.a.a conclusion.b.a mass of information.b.a mass of information.c.several variables. c.several variables. d.a single variable.d.a single variable.

Pre-AssessmentPre-Assessment

9.9. A hypothesisA hypothesisa.can be completely proven.a.can be completely proven.b.may be disproved by a single experiment.b.may be disproved by a single experiment.c.does not have to be tested to be accepted as c.does not have to be tested to be accepted as correct.correct.d.is a proven fact.d.is a proven fact.

10. A theory10. A theorya.is always true.a.is always true.b.is the opening statement of an experiment.b.is the opening statement of an experiment.c.may be modified or discarded.c.may be modified or discarded.d.is a problem to be solved.d.is a problem to be solved.

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2.1 2.1 Collecting InformationCollecting Information

A. Observation - A. Observation -

B. Generalization – B. Generalization –

C. Inference – C. Inference –

Assignment:Assignment:

Make 5 of each regarding the Make 5 of each regarding the picture on page 22picture on page 22

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2.2 2.2 Scientific MethodScientific Method

A. Steps -A. Steps -

B. Variables -B. Variables -

1. Dependant -1. Dependant -

2. Independent -2. Independent -

C. Controls -C. Controls -

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Metric SystemMetric System

metermeter literliter gramgram milli-milli- centi-centi- deci-deci- kilo-kilo-

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ReviewReview

1.1. Look at the picture over the Look at the picture over the white board with the flower on it, white board with the flower on it, what are 2 observations and 2 what are 2 observations and 2 inferences you could make? inferences you could make?

2.2. How is an inference different How is an inference different from an observation?from an observation?

3.3. How is the metric system set up?How is the metric system set up?

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Canada Goose DesignCanada Goose DesignUnknown sourceUnknown source

A flock of Canada geese has been seen flying A flock of Canada geese has been seen flying south over a particular route year after year. south over a particular route year after year. A young ornithologist wanted to see if they A young ornithologist wanted to see if they used visual information (landmarks such as used visual information (landmarks such as rivers, hills, or other types of topography) in rivers, hills, or other types of topography) in determining their course. He borrowed a determining their course. He borrowed a plane and flew one-half of the starting flock plane and flew one-half of the starting flock due west of their starting point and released due west of their starting point and released the birds. The other half of the birds were the birds. The other half of the birds were left alone and allowed to migrate. Both left alone and allowed to migrate. Both groups of birds flew south and ended up groups of birds flew south and ended up about 300 miles apart.about 300 miles apart.

Canada Goose DesignCanada Goose DesignUnknown sourceUnknown source

1.1. Which group of birds is the experimental Which group of birds is the experimental group?group?

2.2. Which group is the control group?Which group is the control group?

3.3. What is the variable factor in this experiment?What is the variable factor in this experiment?

4.4. What cautions might an experienced What cautions might an experienced ornithologist give in setting up the control ornithologist give in setting up the control experiment?experiment?

5.5. What conclusion might be made from this What conclusion might be made from this experiment? experiment?

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