Scientific Method

The way scientists investigate the natural world and propose explanations based on the evidence they gathered.

State the Problem Usually begins by asking a question

about an observation. The reason for doing the investigation.

Ex- Do crickets chirp more when the temperature is higher?

Gather Information Make observations. Research your problem.

Ex- It seems like crickets chirp more in the summer when it is hotter.

Form a Hypothesis An educated guess that provides a

possible explanation to the problem. Must be testable!

Ex- If I increase the temperature, the crickets will chirp more.

Perform an Experiment Design a controlled experiment to test

your hypothesis with only one manipulated variable.

Ex- I will observe and record the chirping behavior of crickets at different temperatures.

Variables (factors that can change)

Manipulated Variable: a variable that is purposely changed

Responding Variable: also called the dependent variable, this is the factor that changes in response to the manipulated variable

Controlled Experiment: an experiment where all factors but one are the same

Ex- temperature

Ex- chirping

Ex- everything is the same except temperature

Collect and Analyze Data Observe and make measurements Create graphs, charts, or data tables

Cricket 15 deg. C 20 deg. C 25 deg. C

1 91 135 180

2 80 124 169

3 89 130 176

4 78 125 158

5 77 121 157

Average 83 127 168

Ex- Data Table for Number of Chirps per Minute

Develop a Conclusion Use your data to prove or disprove your

hypothesis

Ex- Cricket chirping does increase with temperature!

Repeat the Work

To make sure you did the experiment correctly.

To test another variable To test another hypothesis