Scientific and Technological Challenges towards Open Access to any Research Outcome

Paolo Manghi

Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell’Informazione, CNR - Pisa

Dichiarazione di Messina 2.0: La via italiana all’Accesso Aperto

Università degli Studi di Messina 3-4 Novembre 2014

Modern Scholarly Communication Research Infrastructures go beyond literature

Data-driven: Jim Gray’s fourth paradigm

software

experiment experiment

service

Dataset publishing Data repositories

Experiment publishing

Web-driven: immediate sharing and access to digital knowledge

Literature publishing Institutional, thematic repositories

Publisher Journal repositories

Research Infra

Research Infra

Modern Scholarly Communication Publishing beyond literature

Literature

(articles)

Datasets

Experiments

Research activity

Comprehensive scientific reward by

citation of any research outcome

Improved understanding of research outcome

Better research review-process [repeatability,

replicability, and reproducibility of

experiments - Goble, 2009]

Effective dissemination and re-use of valuable

research assets

Lower costs of science

Open Access to any Research Outcome OpenScience is good!

Equal opportunities despite of funding

availability

Reduction of the overall cost for tax-payers [Houghton

et al., 2009]

Increase in scientific performance

[Willinsky, 2005]

Higher citation rates [Swan, 2010]

[Wagner, 2010], [Opcit Project, 2012]

Engagement of non-scientific public

[Swan, 2010]

“Open access can be defined as the practice of providing on-line access to scientific information that is free of charge to the end-user and that is re-usable”

Open Access to any Research Outcome Requirements

Implementing scholarly communication workflows (peer-review, deposit, discovery, citation on the Web)

Business models, strategies, mandates in order to remove access limitations

“…online access […] and that is re-usable”

“…is free of charge to the end-user…”

Open Access to any Research Outcome Requirements

Open Access to any Research Outcome Status

Literature publishing has well-established cross-

discipline scholarly communication

workflows

Experiment publishing does not have scholarly

communication workflows

Dataset publishing has discipline-specific

scholarly communication workflows

Scholarly Communication Workflows and Open Access to Literature

• Journal/conference practices: single-blind, double-blind

• Self-archiving, institutional/thematic/journal repositories

Peer-review and online deposition

• Google Scholar, DBLP, Web of Science, DOAJ, OpenAIRE, etc.

• DOIs, bibliographic metadata formats

Discovery and citation

• Copyrighted, open access, embargo

Access rights Open Access [EC OA mandate, UK-ESRC]

Scholarly Communication Workflows and Open Access to Datasets

• Machine enabled, manual, or absent

• Self-archiving, data archives at data centers (DRYAD, GigaScience, Figshare, OpenAIRE Zenodo, etc.); associated to literature deposition

Peer-review and online deposition

• Data Cite Service, Thematic data archives

• DOIs, accession numbers, DataCite, Dataverse, proprietary formats

Discovery and citation

• Copyrighted, open access, embargo, restricted, etc.

Access rights

Investigations on standard publishing workflows [RDA]

Datasets are still into “drawers”: cultural barriers (e.g. “fear to lose control”), cost of data management [Open Data, EC Data Pilot, Force11]

Open Access [Open Data, EC Data Pilot, UK-ESRC],

Investigations on metadata for citation and re-use [RDA, Force11]

Scholarly Communication Workflows and Open Access to Experiments

• No peer-review practices

• Initial experiment deposition practices (MyExperiment.org)

Peer-review and online deposition

• No citation practices

Discovery and citation

• No practices for experiments

Access rights

Investigations with new forms of publications, digital representations of experiments [Executable papers, wf4ever]

Investigations with new forms of publications, metadata for citation and re-use

Not yet considered an issue

Open Access to datasets and experiments New forms of publications

• Exploiting well-established scholarly communication workflows for literature to make research assets citable and re-usable

Contextualizing research assets to a traditional article

• Data journals

Dedicated journals

• [Executable papers] [Research Objects] [Article of the future (Elsevier)][NARCIS ePubs] [Bardi, 2014]

Compound Objects

Data journals and data (& software) publishing

Literature Repositories

Dataset Repositories

Scholarly Communication Workflows for literature

+ data deposition policies

Data Journal Repository

Research Infra

Compound Objects

Literature Repositories

Dataset Repositories

Experiment/Software

Repositories

Web resources

Compound Objects

Repository

Author ID

Author ID registries

RelevantResource

Experiment

InputData

Dataset

Article

Scholarly Communication Workflows for literature

+ interlinking and contextualizing

Research Infra

Open Access to datasets and experiments New trends

• Devising scholarly communication workflows addressing the peculiarities of research products different from literature

Abandoning traditional publishing models

• Science 2.0 Repositories

Publishing workflows within research infrastructures

• Scholarly Communication infrastructures

Publishing workflows as ecosystems of research infrastructures

New trends: Science 2.0 Repositories

Literature Repositories

Dataset Repositories

Experiment/Software

Repositories

Web resources SciRepo

Author ID

Author ID registries

RelevantResource

Experiment

InputData Dataset Article

Research Infra

“Hot” datasets

and experiments

New trends: Scholarly Communication Infrastructures

Literature Repositories

Dataset Repositories

Experiment/Software

Repositories

Web resources

• Integration (re-use) of services and content

• Supporting new services Author ID

registries

Research Infra

Scholarly Comm. Infra

Research Infra

Open Access to any Research Outcome Scientific and Technological Challenges

• Digital representations and metadata

• Target: Discipline/cross-discipline, type of research outcome

Defining scholarly communication

workflows for datasets and experiments

• Compound Objects

• Dedicated journals, e.g. software New forms of publications

• Embedding publishing workflows in research lifecycle

SciRepos: embedding workflows into research

infrastructures

• Building ecosystems of research infrastructures to enable construction of workflows

Scholarly communication infrastructures [Castelli,

2013]

Dumanne?

Riferimenti: • Post in ROARS: sfide verso l’accesso aperto a tutti I

prodotti della ricerca • OpenAIRE project: http://www.openaire.eu