Science - The King's School, Canterbury · The King's School Canterbury Page 6 Q3. Gary wanted to find out if some food colourings contained a banned food dye. He put a drop of each

The King's School Canterbury

Page 1

Entrance Examinations (13+)

2018

Science

One Hour This paper contains 14 questions on biology, chemistry and physics.

Attempt as many questions as you can and do not worry if you have not covered all the topics in your school.

There are 82 marks available.

You should show each step in your working and all rough work should be done on this paper.

You will need a ruler.

You may use a calculator.

NAME……………………………………… AGE……………

PRESENT SCHOOL………………………………………………………..

Total…………………/82 …………………………..


Page 2

1. Underline the word or phrase which best completes each of the following sentences.

(a) A mammal has

a backbone gills wings three pairs of legs

(b) In the presence of water, anhydrous cobalt chloride turns from

white to blue blue to white pink to blue blue to pink

(c) Which planet is third from the sun?

Earth Venus Mars Mercury

(d) The pollutant mostly responsible for causing acid rain is

carbon monoxide methane carbon dioxide sulphur dioxide

(e) When a flower is fertilised, the ovule will develop into a

bulb fruit seed shoot

(f) Which of the following mixtures could be separated by filtration?

Sugar and salt sand and water

sand and iron filings dissolved salt and water

(g) A car took 10 minutes to travel 5 km. Its speed was

2km/hr 50km/hr 30km/hr 15km/hr


Page 3

(h) The heart is

a cell a tissue an organ an organism

(i) An electrical device which converts sound energy into electrical energy is

A light bulb a buzzer a motor a microphone

(j) The metal which reacts most readily with oxygen is

copper iron magnesium sulphur

(k) Which illness is caused by a virus?

headache heart disease bruise common cold

(l) While a solid is melting the particles within it

Move faster move slower move further apart move closer together

maximum 12 marks


Page 4

Q2. (a) The average life span of a lion in a zoo is 22 years. The average life span of a lion in the wild is 17 years.

Suggest a reason why lions live longer in a zoo than in the wild.

............................................................................................................... 1 mark

(b) John found the following data about five mammals.

mammal average length of pregnancy (days)

average life span (years)

mouse 20 2

guinea pig 65 7

leopard 96 15

chimpanzee 250 40

whale 315 50

He plotted points using data from the table.


Page 5

(i) Using the points John plotted, draw a line of best fit. 1 mark

(ii) From the graph, describe the relationship between the average length of pregnancy and the average life span.

.............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................. 1 mark

(c) John found data about three other mammals.

mammal average length of pregnancy (days)

average life span (years)

Human 266 72

Horse 340 25

Giraffe 440 17

(i) Plot these three points on the graph above. 2 marks

(ii) Do these points fit the relationship you described in part (b) (ii)? Tick the correct box.

yes no

Use the graph to give a reason for your answer.

.............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................. 1 mark

maximum 6 marks


Page 6

Q3. Gary wanted to find out if some food colourings contained a banned food dye.

He put a drop of each food colouring and the banned food dye onto some special paper. He hung the paper in a beaker of water.

After 10 minutes, the banned food dye and some of the dyes from the food colourings had moved up the paper. Gary’s results are shown below.

(a) Gary wrote the labels on the paper in pencil. Why should he not write them in ink?

.....................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................... 1 mark


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(b) Look at Gary’s results. The different dyes in some of the food colourings had moved up the paper.

(i) Which food colouring contained the banned food dye?

.................................................. 1 mark

(ii) Which food colouring contained the most dyes?

.................................................. 1 mark

(c) Which food colouring did not dissolve in the water?

........................................................... 1 mark

(d) Which method did Gary use to separate the dyes? Tick the correct box.

chromatography distillation

evaporation filtration 1 mark

maximum 5 marks


Page 8

Q4. The diagram shows four forces acting on a plane in flight.

(a) Which arrow represents air resistance? Give the letter.

............. 1 mark

(b) (i) When the plane is flying at a constant height, which two forces must be balanced? Give the letters.

............. and ............. 1 mark

(ii) When the plane is flying at a constant speed in the direction shown, which two forces must be balanced? Give the letters.

............. and ............. 1 mark


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(c) (i) Just before take-off, the plane is speeding up along the ground.

Which statement is true? Tick the correct box.

Force B is zero.

Force B is greater than force D.

Force D is equal to force B.

Force D is greater than force B.

1 mark

(ii) Which statement is true about the plane just as it leaves the ground? Tick the correct box.

Force C is zero.

Force C is greater than force A.

Force A is equal to force C.

Force A is greater than force C.

1 mark

maximum 5 marks


Page 10

Q5. Copper and arsenic are present in the soil near copper mines. When earthworms eat this soil they change from brown to bright yellow. The copper and arsenic are not poisonous to earthworms.

(a) Earthworms are part of the food chain shown below.

not to scale

(i) Use the food chain to suggest how copper and arsenic get into the body of a sparrowhawk.

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................. 1 mark

(ii) Mary suggested that blackbirds are more likely to catch bright yellow earthworms than brown earthworms.

Give one reason why this might be true.

.............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................. 1 mark

(b) Mary wanted to count the bright yellow earthworms and the brown earthworms in the soil at different distances from the mines.

What important information about the soil could she get from her results?

.....................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................... 1 mark


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(c) The drawings below show an earthworm and three other worms.

not to scale

The ragworm belongs to the same group as the earthworm.

How can you tell this from the drawings?

.....................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................... 1 mark

(d) The roundworm and some flatworms are parasites.

What does this mean? Tick the correct box.

They feed only on insects.

They live in a burrow.

They feed on other living things and harm them.

They live in the sea.

1 mark

maximum 5 marks


Page 12

Q6. (a) Sasha placed small samples of four different metals on a spotting tile. She added drops of calcium nitrate solution to each metal.

Sasha repeated the experiment with:

• fresh samples of the four metals and copper nitrate solution

• fresh samples of the four metals and iron nitrate solution.

Will a reaction take place when each of the metals is added to each of the solutions?

Use the reactivity series below to help you.

most reactive calcium magnesium aluminium zinc iron lead

least reactive copper

In the table below:

• place a tick, , to show that a reaction took place

• place a cross, X, to show that no reaction took place.

Two have been done for you.

salt solution

metal

copper iron magnesium zinc

calcium nitrate

copper nitrate X

iron nitrate X

3 marks


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(b) Three pairs of chemicals are listed below. A reaction only takes place with two of the pairs.

Draw a line from each reaction to the correct result. Draw only three lines.

2 marks

maximum 5 marks

Questions continue on the next page


Page 14

Q7. The drawing below shows a garden water feature. It is solar-powered.

The solar cell absorbs energy from the Sun. The solar cell is connected to a motor in the bowl. The motor drives a pump. Water is pumped up to the jug and it flows back down to the bowl.

(a) Use the information above to help you to complete the following sentences. Choose words from the list.

(i) The useful energy change in the solar cell is from

light to .................................... energy.

1 mark

(ii) The useful energy change in the motor is from

electrical energy to .................................... energy.

1 mark


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(iii) As the water flows from the jug to the bowl .......................................

energy is changed into .................................... energy.

2 marks

(b) Give one advantage and one disadvantage of using a solar cell to power the water feature.

advantage ....................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................... 1 mark

disadvantage ................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................... 1 mark

maximum 6 marks

Q8. Bees and wasps are both insects which use a sting as part of their defence. The pH values of their stings are shown on the diagrams.

bee wasp bee sting, pH 2 wasp sting, pH 10

(a) Complete the table below to show whether the stings are acidic or alkaline and what colour they would turn universal indicator paper.

2 marks


Page 16

(b) The table below shows five household substances and the pH of each substance.

name of substance pH of substance

bicarbonate toothpaste 8

lemon juice 3

vinegar 4

washing soda 11

water 7

Give the name of one substance in the table which would neutralise each sting.

(i) bee sting ............................................................................................. 1 mark

(ii) wasp sting ........................................................................................... 1 mark

Maximum 4 marks


Page 17

Q9. The drawings below show the trees in a woodland area at the beginning of May and at the end of May.

beginning of May end of May

The graph below shows the amount of light reaching the top of the trees and the woodland floor over one year.

(a) Why does the amount of light reaching the woodland floor decrease during May?

.....................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................... 1 mark


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(b) Plants grow on the woodland floor.

Explain why these plants grow bigger and faster when there is plenty of light.

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................... 2 marks

(c) Respiration takes place in the cells of all plants.

Complete the word equation for respiration.

oxygen + ................................ carbon dioxide + ................................ 2 marks

maximum 5 marks

Q10. A teacher mixed iron filings with sulphur on a metal tray. She heated the mixture in a fume cupboard. Sulphur is yellow. Iron filings are grey.

The mixture glowed very brightly. The teacher turned off the bunsen burner. The glow spread through the mixture. When the mixture cooled, a black solid called iron sulphide was left.

(a) From this information, give one way you can tell that a chemical reaction took place.

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................ 1 mark


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(b) What type of substance is each of the chemicals involved in this reaction? Choose from:

metallic element mixture non-metallic

element compound

iron ...............................................................

sulphur .........................................................

iron sulphide ................................................. 2 marks

(c) Raj held a magnet near to each of the three chemicals.

By each chemical in the table, write yes or no to show if the chemical was magnetic.

One has been done for you.

chemical Was the chemical

magnetic?

sulphur

iron

iron sulphide no

1 mark

(d) (i) When iron is heated with sulphur, iron sulphide is formed. Give the name of the solid formed when zinc is heated with sulphur.

.............................................................................................................

(ii) Some fossil fuels contain sulphur. When fuels burn, sulphur reacts with oxygen.

Complete the word equation for this reaction.

sulphur + oxygen → ............................................................................. 2 marks

maximum 6 marks


Page 20

Q11. Abi investigated how adding salt to water affects the way an object floats. She used the apparatus below.

She used a scale inside a test-tube to measure the length of the test-tube above the water level.

(a) What factor did Abi change as she carried out her investigation (the independent variable)?

................................................................................................................ 1 mark

(b) Abi plotted her results on a graph (see next page).


Page 21

(i) On the graph, circle the result which does not fit the pattern.

(ii) Suggest one reason for this result.

.............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................. 2 marks

(c) Abi said she should repeat the measurement that does not fit the pattern. Robert said there is no need to repeat this measurement.

Who do you agree with? Tick one box.

Abi... Robert...

Explain your answer.

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................ 1 mark


Page 22

(d) Abi and Robert wrote the conclusions listed below.

Look at the graph of their results and tick whether each conclusion is true or false or whether you cannot tell.

2 marks

maximum 6 marks

Questions continue on the next page


Page 23

Q12. The drawing below shows a space buggy on the surface of Mars.

(a) The distance between Earth and Mars is 192 000 000 km.

It took a spacecraft 200 days to take the buggy from Earth to Mars.

Calculate the speed at which the spacecraft travelled.

Give the unit.

.....................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................... 2 marks

(b) The weight of the buggy was 105 N on Earth and 40 N on Mars.

Why was the weight of the buggy less on Mars than on Earth?

.....................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................... 1 mark

(c) The buggy uses solar panels to generate electrical energy.

The solar panels generate less electrical energy on Mars than on Earth.

Give a reason why.

.....................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................... 1 mark


Page 24

(d) The weight of the buggy was 40 N on Mars. When the buggy landed on Mars it rested on an area of 0.025 m2.

Calculate the pressure exerted by the buggy on the surface of Mars.

Give the unit.

.....................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................... 2 marks

maximum 6 marks

Q13. The graph below shows how a population of fish in a lake changed over a period of time.

(a) In which time interval, A, B, C, D or E, did the population of fish increase most quickly?

..............

How can you tell this from the graph?

.....................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................... 1 mark


Page 25

(b) Which part of the graph shows when the fish began to compete with each other for food? Give the letter.

..............


.....................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................... 1 mark

(c) What does part D of the graph show about the birth rate and the death rate of the fish?

.....................................................................................................................


.....................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................... 1 mark

(d) Part E of the graph shows a population crash when all the fish died.

Suggest two reasons why a population might crash in this way.

1. ...............................................................................................................

................................................................................................................. 1 mark

2. .............................................................................................................

................................................................................................................. 1 mark

maximum 5 marks


Page 26

Q14.

(a) Satish poured some water into a long tank in the school laboratory. He used a plunger at one end to make a wave.

not to scale

(i) The wave travelled to the other end of the tank. The speed of the wave was 2 m/s.

How long did the wave take to travel to the other end?

.............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................s 1 mark

(ii) Satish investigated how the depth of water in his tank affected the speed of the waves. Write a plan to show how he could do this.

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................. 3 marks


Page 27

(b) Satish found the following information about waves in the sea.

depth of sea water (m)

speed of wave (m/s)

10 9.9

20 14.0

30 17.2

40 19.8

The diagram below shows how the depth of sea water changes.

Use the information in the table above to help you describe the speed of a wave as it travels from A to B and from B to C.

A to B ............................................................................................................

1 mark

B to C ............................................................................................................

1 mark maximum 6 marks

END OF TEST

Page 1

Entrance Examinations (13+)

2017

Science

One Hour This paper contains 13 questions on biology, chemistry and physics.

Attempt as many questions as you can and do not worry if you have not covered all the topics in your school.





NAME:……………………………………… AGE:……………

PRESENT SCHOOL:…………………………………………………………..

Total…………………/80 …………………………..

Page 2

1. Underline the word or phrase which best completes each of the following sentences.

(a) Egg cells in a mammal are made in the

intestines liver ovaries uterus.

(b) The vertebrates which live on land but reproduce in water are

amphibians birds fish reptiles.

(c) Iodine solution is used to test plant leaves for

carbon dioxide glucose starch water.

(d) The dark object in the centre of a stained human cheek cell is the

cell surface membrane chloroplast

cytoplasm nucleus.

(e) A substance having a fixed volume and shape would be a

gas liquid solid vapour.

(f) Metals are always

dull solids electrical insulators

good conductors of heat magnetic.

(g) When a liquid turns to a gas it

condenses melts evaporates sublimes.

(h) The substance with the highest pH in this list is

dilute hydrochloric acid distilled water

limewater vinegar

Page 3

(i) The planet nearest to the Sun is

Mars Mercury Venus Neptune.

(j) Speed can be measured in

cm/s cm2/s s/cm cm/s2.

(k) A spring is stretched 8 cm by a weight of 2 N. A weight of 1.5 N will stretch the same spring by

2 cm 4 cm 6 cm 8 cm.

(l) A moving car is said to have

electrical energy heat energy kinetic energy potential energy.

maximum 12 marks

Page 4

Q2. The diagram below shows the two different forms of the same moth. All these moths are either speckled or black.

(a) The graph below shows how the percentage of speckled moths changed between 1950 and 2000 in one city.

(i) Complete the table below with the missing year and percentage. Use the graph.

year percentage of

speckled moths (%) percentage of

black moths (%) total percentage

(%)

1970 10 90 100

_____ 50 50 100

1990 78 ________________ 100

2 marks

Page 5

(ii) The percentage of black moths from 1950 to 1980 is also shown on the graph. Continue the line on the graph above to show how the percentage of black moths changed between 1980 and 2000.

2 marks

(b) The maps below show the percentage of speckled moths and black moths at different places in Britain in 1956 and 1996.

How did the percentage of black moths change at place A between 1956 and 1996?

...................................................................................................................... 1 mark

(c) (i) Describe one way in which the data shown in the graph is better than the data shown in the maps.

.............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................. 1 mark

Page 6

(ii) Describe one way in which the data shown in the maps is better than the data shown in the graph.

.............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................. 1 mark

maximum 7 marks

Q3. (a) The diagram below shows part of the periodic table of elements.

The shaded area contains only metal elements.

Two other areas also contain only metal elements.

Which areas contain only metal elements? Tick the two correct boxes.

A B C D E 1 mark

(b) Copper is a metal.

At room temperature copper is a strong solid. Give two other properties of copper that show it is a metal.

1. .................................................................................................................... 1 mark

2. .................................................................................................................... 1 mark

Page 7

(c) When copper metal is heated it reacts with a gas in air.

What is the chemical name of the product formed when copper reacts with a gas in

air?

...................................................... 1 mark

(d) Which statement below describes what happens in a chemical change but not in a

physical change?

Tick the correct box.

The product is a solid.

The change only happens at a high temperature.

The atoms have combined in a different way to make a new substance.

The types of atoms at the start are the same as in the end product.

1 mark maximum 5 marks

Page 8

Q4. Pluto was discovered in 1930. It was classified as a planet. In 2006, scientists agreed that Pluto is not a planet.

(a) The diagram below shows our solar system.

not to scale

(i) From the diagram, what supports the idea that Pluto is a planet?

............................................................................................................... 1 mark

(ii) From the diagram, what supports the idea that Pluto is not a planet?

............................................................................................................... 1 mark

Page 9

(b) The table below shows information about planets in our solar system.

planet diameter (km)

Mercury 4800

Venus 12200

Earth 12800

Mars 6800

Jupiter 142600

Saturn 120200

Uranus 49000

Neptune 50000

Pluto has a diameter of 2 300 km. How does this information suggest to scientists that Pluto is not a planet?

........................................................................................................................ 1 mark

(c) An object called Charon orbits Pluto.

How does the presence of Charon support the idea that Pluto is a planet?

........................................................................................................................ 1 mark

Question continues on the next page

Page 10

(d) The table below shows the composition of the atmosphere of some of the objects in

our solar system.

object atmosphere

Mercury none

Venus mainly carbon dioxide

Earth mainly nitrogen and oxygen

Neptune hydrogen, helium and methane

Earth’s moon none

Titan (a moon) nitrogen and methane

Pluto nitrogen and methane

Atmosphere is not used to classify objects as moons or planets.

Use the information above to suggest a reason for this.

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................ 1 mark

(e) Why do you think scientists found it difficult to decide how Pluto should be

classified?

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................ 1 mark

maximum 6 marks

Page 11

Q5. (a) This question is about the menstrual cycle. Choose words from the list to complete the sentences.

a daily the uterus the middle an ovary a weekly

the beginning a monthly the end the vagina

Menstruation is part of ......................................................... cycle.

The cycle begins when the lining of ...................................... breaks away.

An ovum (egg) is released from .......................................... at about

.............................................. of each cycle. 4 marks

(b) During adolescence, boys’ bodies change. Describe two of the changes.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................... 2 marks

Maximum 6 marks

Page 12

Q6. (a) Amy’s family are at the beach during the summer. Amy and her sister have a bucket containing seawater and sand.

Read the following statements. Which are true and which are false?

Tick one box for each statement.

true false

Water is a solvent for salt.

Sand sinks in water because water is more dense than sand.

When a solid dissolves in water, the solid is called a solute. 2 marks

(b) Seawater contains dissolved salt. Describe what Amy can do to separate and collect pure water from seawater.

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................ 2 marks

Page 13

(c) Draw a line from each of the substances below to the group that it belongs to. Draw only three lines.

Draw a line from each group to the correct description. Draw only three lines.

2 marks

maximum 6 marks

Page 14

Q7. (a) The diagrams below show the patterns produced on an oscilloscope by three

different sound waves.

(i) Which two waves have the same loudness?

Write the letters.

............ and ............

How do the diagrams show this?

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... 1 mark

(ii) Which two waves have the same pitch? Write the letters.

............ and ............

How do the diagrams show this?

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... 1 mark

(iii) Shuli is listening to a sound that produces the pattern below.

Describe how the sound that Shuli hears changes between X and Y.

............................................................................................................... 1 mark

Page 15

(b) The table below shows the maximum time a person can listen to music at different sound levels without damage to the ear.

sound level (decibels) maximum time (hours)

86 8

88 4

90 2

92 1

94 0.5

Estimate the maximum time a person could listen to a sound of 87 decibels.

............ hours 1 mark

(c) The diagram below shows part of the human ear.

What happens to the ear drum as a sound gets louder?

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................ 1 mark

maximum 5 marks

Page 16

Q8. (a) Air is a mixture of gases. The pie chart represents the percentages of different gases in air.

On the line by each section of the pie chart, write the name of the correct gas. Two have been done for you.

not to scale

2 marks

(b) On a cold day, droplets of water form on a cold window.

Explain how these droplets form.

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................... 2 marks

Page 17

(c) The word equation below represents a process taking place in the cells of the human body.

glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

(i) What process does this word equation represent?

............................................................. 1 mark

(ii) As a result of this process, the proportions of oxygen and carbon dioxide in air breathed in and air breathed out change.

Which one of the statements below is true? Tick the correct box.

1 mark

maximum 6 marks

Page 18

Q9. Matthew measured the pH of different soils.

(a) Tick one box in each row to show if each soil is acidic, neutral or alkaline.

soil pH of soil acidic neutral alkaline

A 4.5

B 5.5

C 6.3

D 7.0

E 7.8

2 marks

(b) A hydrangea is a flowering plant. Matthew notices that the colour of hydrangea flowers is different for plants grown in different places.

He records the colour of the flowers on each plant.

His results are shown in the table below.

soil pH

of soil

colour of flowers

blue violet light pink dark pink

A 4.5

B 5.5

C 6.3

D 7.0

E 7.8

Page 19

Look at Matthew’s results. Do his results support the statement that the colour of hydrangea flowers depends on pH?

yes no


......................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................... 1 mark

(c) Matthew measured the pH of the soil near hydrangea plants found in different places.

Suggest one other variable Matthew could not control in his investigation.

......................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................... 1 mark

(d) Matthew wants to find out if the colour of blue hydrangea flowers depends on inherited factors or environmental factors. The flowers were growing in soil of pH 4.5. He plants them in soil of pH 6.3.

Complete the table below to show the colours of the new flowers in soil of pH 6.3 (i) if the colour is due to inheritance (ii) if the colour is due to the environment

Use the table above to complete the table below.

colour

starting colour of hydrangea flowers blue

colour of new flowers if only due to inheritance

colour of new flowers if only due to environment

2 marks maximum 6 marks

Page 20

Q10. A cyclist and a runner have a race.

The distance-time graph for the race is shown below.

Use the graph to answer the following questions.

(a) (i) How much time did it take the cyclist to travel 100 m?

........... s 1 mark

(ii) When the cyclist finished the race how far behind was the runner?

........... m 1 mark

(iii) How much more time did the runner take compared with the cyclist to

complete the race?

........... s 1 mark

Page 21

(b) The cyclist is travelling at a constant speed between 3 seconds and 6 seconds.

How does the graph show this?

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................ 1 mark

(c) (i) When the race started, a walker set off at a steady speed of 2m/s.

Draw a line on the graph on the opposite page to show the distance covered

by the walker in the first 15 seconds. Use a ruler. 1 mark

(ii) Calculate how much time it will take for the walker to walk 100m.

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................ s 1 mark

maximum 6 marks

Q11. Every autumn the BBC asks people all over the UK to record when and where

they see the first ripe conkers. The results are shown on a website.

Conkers only ripen in the autumn.

Question continues on the next page

Page 22

Information from http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/animals/wildbritain/autumnwatch/ results/conkers.html (December 2005)

(a) Some pupils discussed these results and made some conclusions.

Tick a box in each row to say whether the conclusion is true or false or whether you cannot tell based on the results.

true false cannot tell

There are more conkers in 2005 than there have been in other years.

There are only 248 conker trees in the UK.

The most common time for the first ripe conkers was in September.

The number of sightings decreased between August and September.

2 marks

Page 23

(b) The map shows where members of the public saw ripe conkers in the UK.

(i) Suggest one reason why it is a good idea to collect data by asking the public

to observe when conkers ripen.

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... 1 mark

(ii) Suggest one reason why it is not a good idea to collect data by asking the

public to observe when conkers ripen.

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... 1 mark

(c) The data was collected in one year.

What data would the BBC need to collect to find out if the time of year in which

conkers ripen is changing?

........................................................................................................................ 1 mark

(d) Conkers ripen earlier in the south of the country than in the north.

Suggest why conkers ripen earlier in the south.

........................................................................................................................ 1 mark

maximum 6 marks

Page 24

Q12. John used an electrical heater to heat a cup of water. He kept stirring the water. When the temperature reached 20°C, he started his stopwatch and measured the temperature of the water every half minute.

He switched off the heater after 4 minutes, but continued to record the temperature. His results are shown in the table on the next page.

Page 25

One measurement is missing and another appears to be wrong.

(a) Use the results in the table to draw a graph on the grid. Label the axes. Plot the points and draw a smooth curve of best fit.

4 marks

(b) From your curve, estimate the temperature of the water after three minutes. 1 mark

............°C

maximum 5 marks

Time (minutes) Temperature (ºC)

0.0 20

0.5 26

1.0 31

1.5 36

2.0 41

2.5 46

3.0

3.5 57

4.0 56

4.5 58

5.0 59

5.5 59

Page 26

Q13. David made two electromagnets as shown below. He used paper-clips to test the strength of each electromagnet. He switched on the power supply in both circuits.

(a) How can you tell that the strength of both electromagnets is the same?

......................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................... 1 mark

(b) David switched off the power supply in both circuits. The paper-clips fell off the iron core, but not off the steel core.

Why is iron used, rather than steel, for the core of an electromagnet? Use the diagrams above to help you.

......................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................... 1 mark

Page 27

(c) David used a sensor to measure the strength of an electromagnet.

He placed the sensor 25 mm from the electromagnet and increased the current in the coil.

He repeated the experiment with the sensor 50 mm from the electromagnet.

The graph below shows his results.

(i) How did the distance of the sensor from the electromagnet affect the reading on the sensor?

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................ 1 mark

(ii) How did the size of the current in the coil affect the strength of the electromagnet?

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................ 1 mark

maximum 4 marks

END OF TEST

Page 1

13+ Entrance 2016

SCIENCE

One hour

This paper contains 13 questions on biology, chemistry and physics.

Attempt as many questions as you can, and do not worry if you have not covered all the topics in your school.





NAME:……………………………………… AGE:……………

PRESENT SCHOOL:…………………………………………………………..

Total…………………/82 …………………………..

Page 2

Q1. Underline the correct word or phrase in the following questions.

a) Sodium chloride is more commonly known as

sand salt rust chalk

b) Which of these is not a unit of speed?

m/s mm/min cm/hr m/kg

c) Which of these is a compound?

Iron Cobalt Hydrogen gas Carbon monoxide

d) Respiration occurs in cells. Which of the following best describes the function of respiration?

To release energy To produce carbon dioxide

To produce oxygen To take in oxygen

e) When light is reflecting from the surface of a mirror, which of the following describes the relationship between the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection?

The angle of incidence is always bigger They do not relate to each other

They are equal The angle of reflection is always bigger

f) Chloroplasts are always found in the cells of

fruit leaves petals roots

Page 3

g) Which of the following statements best describes the arrangement of particles in a solid?

Far apart and moving slowly Close together and vibrating

Close together and stationary Very far apart and moving quickly

h) A spring extends by 9 cm when a force of 12 N stretches it. When a force of 4 N is used, it will extend by

1 cm 3 cm 27 cm 48 cm

i) Which gas burns with a squeaky pop?

oxygen carbon dioxide nitrogen hydrogen

j) A main function of plant roots is to

absorb glucose absorb water

eliminate waste nitrogen grow in soil

k) Compared with sound, light travels

at the same speed more slowly

slightly faster much faster

l) When a liquid turns to a gas it

condenses melts evaporates sublimes

maximum 12 marks

Page 4

Q2. (a) The table below shows information about five elements.

element melting point

(°C) boiling point

(°C) conducts electricity

colour

A –7 59 no brown

B –218 –183 no colourless

C 1535 2750 yes silvery

D 113 445 no yellow

E 1083 2567 yes orange

(i) Which two of these elements are likely to be metals?

Write the letters.

............................... and ............................... 1 mark

(ii) Which element in the table is liquid at room temperature? Write the letter.

....................... 1 mark

(b) What is the chemical symbol for copper? Tick the correct box.

Cr Cu C Co Ca 1 mark

Page 5

(c) How many atoms of iron and oxygen are there shown in the formulas for FeO and Fe2O3?

Complete the table below.

compound number of atoms

of iron number of atoms

of oxygen

FeO

Fe2O3


Q3. (a) Elephants keep cool by losing heat from their ears.

Predict which elephant can lose more heat from its ears.

..................................................... elephant

Give the reason for your answer.

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................ 1 mark

Page 6

(b) Ben filled two identical cans with 250 cm3 of hot water.

He wrapped strips of metal around them to model the elephants’ ears.

He recorded the temperature of the water in each can every 5 minutes. The table shows his results.

time (minutes) temperature (°C)

can A can B

0 60 60

5 54 57

10 50 54

15 46 52

20 43 50

(i) Ben started with water at the same temperature in both cans. Give one other way he made his test fair.

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... 1 mark

Page 7

(ii) He plotted the results for can A and can B and drew lines of best fit.

Why is it more useful to present these results in a graph rather than a table?

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... 1 mark

(iii) The water in can A cooled more quickly than the water in can B.

Does this support your prediction about the elephants in part (a)? Tick the correct box.

yes no


...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... 1 mark

(c) Ben repeated the investigation. Instead of a thermometer he used a temperature

sensor and a data logger. Give one advantage of this.

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................ 1 mark

maximum 5 marks

Page 8

Q4.

People with arthritis often have a ‘hip replacement’ which allows them to move more easily. The replacement joint is a ball of steel alloy on the end of a shaft. The shaft is cemented into the femur. The ball fits into a socket which is screwed into the hollow of the pelvic bone.

(a) Tick two properties of steel alloy that make it suitable for use as the ball in a hip joint.

unreactive magnetic

good thermal conductor strong

good electrical conductor 2 marks

Page 9

(b) The socket is sometimes made from a high density plastic. Suggest two physical properties, other than those listed in part (a), which make plastic a good material for the socket.

1. .................................................................................................................

2. ................................................................................................................. 2 marks

Maximum 4 marks

Q5.

Joanne added iron filings to copper sulphate solution. She observed the reaction after one week.

(a) What evidence in the diagrams shows that a chemical reaction has taken place?

........................................................................................................................ 1 mark

(b) The reaction between iron and copper sulphate is a displacement reaction.

(i) Give the name of the orange metal visible after one week.

................................................. 1 mark

Page 10

(ii) What is the name of the compound formed in this reaction?

................................................. 1 mark

(iii) Joanne poured the green solution into another test tube. She added some copper pieces to the solution.

Will a displacement reaction occur?

yes no


...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... 1 mark

(c) Part of the reactivity series of metals is shown below.

Use the information above. Which two metals would react with aluminium nitrate in a displacement reaction?

Tick the two correct boxes.

calcium potassium

zinc lead 1 mark

maximum 5 marks

Page 11

Q6. Jason wanted to find out if hair dye makes hair weaker.

He used 5 hairs of equal length. He soaked each hair in a different concentration of hair dye for 15 minutes. He added masses to each hair until it broke.

not to scale

(a) The table below shows Jason’s results.

(i) Plot a graph of Jason’s results and draw a line of best fit. 3 marks

concentration

of hair dye

(%)

mass

needed

to break

the hair

(g)

0.4 71

0.8 67

1.2 64

1.6 61

2.0 58

Page 12

(ii) Use the graph to work out the mass needed to break hair soaked in water (0% hair dye).

.................... g 1 mark

(b) What was the independent variable that Jason changed in this experiment?

...................................................................................................................... 1 mark

(c) What was the dependent variable that Jason measured in this experiment?

...................................................................................................................... 1 mark

(d) What is the relationship between the concentration of hair dye and the mass needed to break the hair?

......................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................... 1 mark

(e) Jason wanted to investigate whether soaking hair in dye for different amounts of time affected the strength of the hair. Jason drew a table for his results. Add headings and units to the table below for Jason’s investigation.

heading 1

.......................................... (..........)

heading 2

.......................................... (..........)


Page 13

Q7. (a) In 2002 a large asteroid was discovered orbiting the Sun. It was named Quaoar.

The diagram below shows Quaoar in four positions in its orbit.

not to scale

(i) In which of the four positions, A, B, C or D, is the effect of the Sun’s gravity on Quaoar the greatest?

..............


.............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................. 1 mark

(ii) On the diagram above, draw arrows to show the direction of the Sun’s gravity on Quaoar in each of the positions A, B, C and D.

1 mark

Page 14

(iii) At which position, A, B, C or D, is Quaoar travelling most slowly?

.............


.............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................. 1 mark

(b) The table below gives information about three orbiting bodies in our solar system.

average distance

from Sun (millions of km)

time for one orbit

(Earth years)

Average surface temperature

(ºC)

Saturn 1427 30 –180

Uranus 2870 84 –210

Pluto 5900 248 –230

(i) The time for one orbit of the planet Neptune is 165 Earth years.

Estimate the average distance of Neptune from the Sun. Use information in the table to help you.

......................... millions of km 1 mark

(ii) How does the surface temperature of these bodies vary with distance from the Sun? Use information in the table to help you.

.............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................. 1 mark

Page 15

(iii) Explain why the temperature varies with distance from the Sun in this way.

.............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................. 1 mark

maximum 6 marks

Q8. The photograph below shows some water lilies in early summer.

This diagram shows a water lily plant.

(a) Water lilies do not grow well in moving water.

Suggest a reason for this.

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................ 1 mark

Page 16

(b) During the winter, many water lily plants do not grow new leaves.

Suggest one reason why the plants do not grow new leaves in the winter.

........................................................................................................................ 1 mark

(c) (i) Give one way water lily plants are adapted to live in water.

............................................................................................................... 1 mark

(ii) Explain how this adaptation helps the water lily to grow in water.

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... 1 mark

(d) In the summer, water lilies produce large yellow flowers.

The flowers float on the surface of the pond.

Suggest one way these colourful floating flowers help the water lily to reproduce.

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................ 1 mark

Page 17

(e) When water lilies cover the pond surface with leaves, the pond does not get as hot

during the day.

Explain why the pond does not get as hot.

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................ 1 mark

maximum 6 marks

Q9. Hannah has three rods (A, B and C) made from different metals. One rod is a magnet; one is made of copper; and one is made of iron. She does not know which rod is which.

Each rod has a dot at one end.

(a) Hannah uses only a bar magnet to identify each rod. She puts each pole of the bar magnet next to the dotted end of each rod.

Complete Hannah’s observations in the table below. Write if each rod is copper, iron or a magnet.

test observations type of rod

attract

attract

Rod A is

................................. .

nothing happens

.................................

Rod B is

................................. .

attract

.................................

Rod C is

................................. .

3 marks

Page 18

(b) Hannah uses the iron rod to make an electromagnet.

When the switch is closed the iron rod becomes an electromagnet. Give two ways Hannah could make the electromagnet stronger.

1. .................................................................................................................... 1 mark

2. .................................................................................................................... 1 mark

maximum 5 marks

TEST CONTINUES ON THE NEXT PAGE

Page 19

Q10. A scientist compared the acidity of four gases to see which gas might cause acid rain.

She used four balloons to collect the gases. She then bubbled the gases, in turn, through a fresh sample of green, neutral, universal indicator solution.

(a) Three of the gases caused the indicator to change colour. The scientist added drops of alkali to the indicator until the indicator changed back to green. Her results are shown in the table below.

gases collected

change in colour of indicator

number of drops of alkali needed to change the indicator back to green

exhaust gases from a car

green to red 31

carbon dioxide green to red 160

air no change 0

human breath green to yellow 10

Use information in the table to answer part (i) and part (ii) below.

(i) Which gas dissolved to form the most acidic solution?

...........................................................

Explain your choice.

.............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................. 1 mark

Page 20

(ii) Which gas formed a neutral solution?

...........................................................

Explain your choice.

.............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................. 1 mark

(iii) What effect does an alkali have on an acid?

............................................................................................................. 1 mark

(b) Some metals react with acids in the air. Complete the word equation for the reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid.

zinc + hydrochloric → ........................................ + ........................................ acid


TEST CONTINUES ON THE NEXT PAGE

Page 21

Q11.

Diagram 1 shows a baby in its mother’s uterus.

diagram 1

(a) What is the normal length of pregnancy in humans?

.................. months 1 mark

(b) (i) What is the function of the amniotic fluid around the baby?

................................................................................................................ 1 mark

(ii) As a baby is born, it is pushed out of the mother’s body.

Look at the diagram above.

What happens in the wall of the uterus to push the baby out?

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................ 1 mark

Page 22

(c) How does a baby get oxygen from its mother while it is inside its mother’s uterus?

.........................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................... 1 mark

(d) Diagram 2 shows a section through the mother’s lungs.

diagram 2

Look at diagram 2.

From which labelled part is oxygen absorbed into the blood?

.............................................. 1 mark

maximum 5 marks

Page 23

Q12. The diagram shows a chain hanging down over the edge of a table.

Two of the forces on the chain are:

• the weight of the part of the chain which is hanging over the edge;

• friction between the chain and the table.

(a) The chain is not moving. What does this tell you about these two forces acting on the chain?

........................................................................................................................ 1 mark

(b) The chain is moved slightly to the right. It begins to slide off the table.

(i) What does this tell you about these two forces now?

……………………………..…………………………………………………. 1 mark

(ii) Describe how the size of each force changes as the chain slides off the table.

• weight of the part of the chain hanging over the edge …………….

……………………………..……………………….………………….....

• friction between the chain and the table …………………………….

……………………………..……………………….…………………..... 2 marks

(iii) How does the speed of the chain change as it slides off the table?

……………………………..………………………………………………….

……………………………..…………………………………………………. 1 mark

Page 24

Maximum 5 marks

Q13.

Solder is a mixture of lead and tin. The melting point of solder depends on the amount of tin in the mixture.

(a) Look at the table below.

amount of tin in solder (%) melting point of solder (°C)

0 327

30 255

40 235

50 212

60 188

70 192

80 205

90 220

100 232

(i) The melting point of pure tin is 232°C. What is the melting point of pure lead?

.................. °C 1 mark

(ii) Use the data in the table to plot the points on the grid below. Four of the points are plotted for you.

Draw an appropriate line of best fit.

Page 25

3 marks

(b) Use your graph to estimate the amount of tin needed to make solder with the lowest melting point.

.................. % 1 mark

(c) Describe how the melting point of solder changes with the amount of tin in the solder.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................... 2 marks

(d) The diagrams below show the arrangement of atoms in solid samples of pure lead and pure tin.

Page 26

Which box shows the correct arrangement of the lead atoms and tin atoms in a sample of solder that has a melting point of 212°C at room temperature? Use the table above. Tick the correct box.

1 mark

maximum 8 marks

END OF TEST

Documents

Science - The King's School, Canterbury · The King's School Canterbury Page 6 Q3. Gary wanted to find out if some food colourings contained a banned food dye. He put a drop of each