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Vanity (and credentials!):
Piero in China
Coauthor
Piero in China
Top 100 recommended books of 2017
Piero in China
Vanity: Piero in China
Piero in China
Vanity: Piero in China
China Academy of Art
The best Introduction
to China’s Growth Rate
China used more cement between 2011 and
2013 than the U.S. used in the entire 20th
Century.
China’s High-tech Industry
2007: Chuang Yeban, the Chinese equivalent
of the NASDAQ
2008: Thousand Talents program to bring back
Chinese-born academics and workers who
trained overseas
2015: Internet+ initiative
China’s High-tech Industry
2017 unicorns
China’s High-tech Industry
Hightech companies
Largest
Internet
companies
Revenues in billion $ (2016)
The B.A.T.
Alibaba
Baidu
Tencent
The B.A.T.
• The B.A.T.
– Alibaba
– Baidu
– Tencent
Compare with:
Silicon Valleys of China
• Wuhan
Silicon Valleys of China
• Zhongguancun: Beijing's Silicon Valley
Silicon Valleys of China
• Zhongguancun: Beijing's Silicon Valley
Silicon Valleys of China
• Zhongguancun: Beijing's Silicon Valley
Silicon Valleys of China
• Zhongguancun: Beijing's Silicon Valley
Silicon Valleys of China
• Zhongguancun: Beijing's Silicon Valley
Silicon Valleys of China
• Baidu
Silicon Valleys of China
• Baidu
Silicon Valleys of China
• Baidu
Silicon Valleys of China
• Baidu
Silicon Valleys of China
• Baidu
Silicon Valleys of China
• Baidu
The head of communications at Baidu is the founder of
China’s first heavy-metal band
Technology Parks
• Torch Program (1988)
– Innovation Clusters (starting with Zhongguancun
Science Park in Beijing)
• 1988-today: 50+ "National Science and
Technology Industrial Parks" (STIPs)
– Technology Business Incubators (TBIs)
– Seed Funding (Innofund)
– Venture Guiding Fund (invests directly into VC
funds, co-invests with VCs, covers some VC losses)
Technology Parks
• Shanghai
Competing for Talents
• Chinese talents used to move to the USA
2015
Competing for Talents
• Fall 2016: “The roughly 3% decline in
new foreign students nationally was
the first drop the institute has recorded
in the 12 years … and the decline
appears to be deepening”
• Fall 2017: The number of newly
arriving international students
declined an average 7%
Open Doors survey
Competing for Talents
• Chinese students abroad (2016)
– 544,500 Chinese studied overseas
– Returnees (“sea turtles”): 432,500
(82% up from 72% in 2012)
Competing for Talents
Main reasons why Chinese talents move back to China:
• …
• …
This is probably the #1 factor helping China’s high-tech
industry and science: Chinese talents who move
back
Competing for Talents
• Main reasons why Chinese talents move back to China
1. Homicide rate in the USA
2. US immigration law
3. Parents want them back (One-child policy)
4. Economic opportunities in booming China
5. Spouse
6. More modern infrastructure in China
7. If they have children: free health care and good public
schools in China
8. Donald Trump
Competing for Talents
• Main reasons why Chinese talents move back to China
1. Homicide rate in the USA
State of the Art
• 2017: China, 731 million people are online
• A smartphone-first market
State of the Art
State of the Art
Dinner with the Microsoft team (Chengdu, 2017)
State of the Art
State of the Art
• QR Code
A History of
Silicon Valley
State of the Art
• AliPay
State of the Art
• Bike sharing
– Mobike
– Ofo
State of the Art
• Bitcoin
42
State of the Art
• Supercomputing
• 2016: Seventh year
in a row that China
has the fastest
computer in the
world
• 2016: the fastest
supercomputer uses
Chinese-made
microprocessor chips
instead of Intel’s
State of the Art
• Internet of Things
– Xinhua (September 2017): “China's Internet of Things
(IoT) industry has seen its output value exceed 900
billion yuan ($140 billion), with a compound annual
growth rate of over 25%
– Chengdu Internet of Things Technology Institute:
providing top health care to remote rural areas
– 2014: “Reference Architecture for IoT” proposed by
China is approved by the ISO
State of the Art
• Wearables
– Xiaomi (2.8 million Mi Band sold in 2016)
– Huawei
– Lifesense (1 million fitness trackers)
– BBK
– Mobvoi
– Okii
– 360
State of the Art
• 3D Printing
– Sichuan Revotek’s bioprinter
• 2017: 3D-printed blood vessels
implanted them in rhesus monkeys
– Regenovo bioprinter
• Hangzhou Dianzi University
– Tiertime’s desktop 3D printer
– Shining 3D
State of the Art
• 3D Printing
– WinSun (2016)
State of the Art
• 3D Printing
– HuaShang Tenda (2017): 3D-printing out an entire
400 square meter, two-story house at once
State of the Art
• Drones
– DJI accounts for 70% of the world’s commercial
drones
State of the Art
• Space
– 2018: BeiDou’s accuracy down to
ten meters (GPS: one meter)
– Covering all the countries of the new
Silk Road (One Belt One Road)
State of the Art
• High-speed trains
State of the Art
• Solar power
– The Global Energy Interconnection (UN speech 2017)
State of the Art
• Solar power
– Smart solar expressway (2018)
State of the Art
• Nuclear power
– 37 nuclear reactors for about 38 GW of capacity (May
2017)
– China has 20 nuclear power plants under
construction, more than any other country on earth
– 58 GW of capacity by 2020
– Floating nuclear reactors
State of the Art
• Smart city
State of the Art
• Smart city
– 2009: IBM’s Smarter Planet campaign
– 2012: "National Smart City Pilot" by
the Ministry of Housing and Urban
Rural Development (MOHURD)
– 2012: National Smart City Joint Lab of
Chinese Society for Urban Studies
(CSUS) with National Engineering
Research Center for Information
Security, Huawei, ZTE, Microsoft,
IBM, MIT, HITACHI, Baidu, Xinhua…
– 2016: $500 billion investment
Biyu Wan, Chief
Scientist of CSUS
State of the Art
• Smart city
– 2016: 400 smart city pilot projects
State of the Art
• New capital: Xiongan (2017)
– Deng Xiaoping: Shenzhen
(capitalist experiment)
– Jiang Zemin: Shanghai’s
Pudong (financial center)
– Xi Jinping: Xiongan
(sustainable intelligent
capital)
State of the Art
• Skyscrapers
Shenzhen
State of the Art
• Skyscrapers
Shanghai
State of the Art
• Skyscrapers
Guangzhou
State of the Art
• Skyscrapers
Beijing
State of the Art
• Skyscrapers
Hangzhou
State of the Art
• Skyscrapers Suzhou
64
State of the Art From “a lot of people” to “a lot of machines”
Artificial Intelligence in China
• Microsoft chatbot Xiaoce: 100 million users
• News recommendation: Toutiao
• Voice recognition: iFlytek (China)
• Face recognition: Face++ (China)
• Several A.I. unicorns
• Cambricon AI chip
Artificial Intelligence in China May 2017: Tsinghua Univ wins million-dollar
Arnold Foundation’s challenge
Oct 2017: Harbin & iFlyted win first Stanford
reading comprehension test (SQuAD)
October 2017: Megvii beats Facebook and
Google at Microsoft COCO object
recognition challenge
Nov 2017: Yitu wins first Face Recognition
Prize Challenge
A.I. in China
• A simple definition of A.I.: computational mathematics
A.I. in China
• 2015: China builds the equivalent of nearly one university
per week
• 2015: China has more STEM graduates than the USA (78
million vs 67 million)
• 2016: China STEM graduates 4.7 million; USA 568,000.
A.I. in China
• 2016: China publishes more
paper than the USA on Deep
Learning
• 2017: China generates more
data than the rest of the world
combined
A.I. in China
• A.I. sponsored by local and
national governments
• July 2017: National A.I.
program for China to
become the leading A.I.
power by 2030
A.I. in China
• A.I. sponsored by local and
national governments
Biotech in China
A Rational Nation
• A metric country
– US: 12 inches to a foot, 3 feet to a yard, ? yards to a mile
– China: 100 cms to a meter, 1000 meters to a km, …
– US: 16 ounces to a pound, ? pounds to a ton
– China: 1,000 grams to a kgs, 1000 kgs to a ton
– US: water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212
– China: water freezes at 0 and boils at 100
• A big-endian country
– US: month/day/year (why the month first???)
– China: year/month/day
Today in China: 2018/9/1
Today in Europe: 9/1/2018
Today in the USA: 1/9/2018 (what the ?!?!?)
Problems…
• The Great Firewall of China
– Slower Internet than Madagascar
– Fewer websites visible than in Vietnam
Banned in China
Note:
• The Great Firewall of China… with
two notable exceptions…
NOT banned in China
Problems
• Baidu the Google of China
• RenRen the Facebook of China
• Weibo the Twitter of China
• Didi the Uber of China
• Alibaba the Ebay of China
• YouKu the YouTube of China
• LeTV the Netflix of China
• MoMo the OK Cupid of China
• …
Problems…
Are they really success stories?
Baidu, Tencent, Alibaba, etc succeeded
because their government banned or
thwarted the competition…
Banned in China
Problems
• A technology park in China
• County prison of San Mateo
79
Problems
Innovation
USA: – Telephone
– Television
– Transistor
– Artificial Intelligence
– Robot
– Virtual Reality
– Database
– Hard & Floppy disk
– Videogame
– Microprocessor
– Personal Computer
– Mouse & GUI
Europe
- Radio
- Computer
- World-wide Web
- Smartphone
- Skype
Internet
Cell phone
Barcode
Ethernet
Laser printer
Touch screen
Wearables
3D printing
Gene
Sequencing
Gene Editing
Search engine
Social media
South Korea
- Digital tv set
- Flat panel display
80
Problems
Innovation
Japan: – Transistor radio
– Pocket calculator
– Walkman (portable music player)
– CD
– Camcorder
– Flash memory
– Digital camera
– DVD player
– QR code
– NCF (mobile payment)
– Hybrid car
– Mobile phone with camera
Between 2005 and 2011
Japan was the world's
most efficient innovator in
the world (Xiaolan Fu,
2015)
81
Problem or Strategy?
My thesis:
China is the rapid-prototyper of Western technology
The West is the research lab and testbed of China, free
of charge
Museum Boom
• 1949: 25 museums in the whole of China
• 2017: more than 5,000 museums
82
Museum Boom
• museums
83
Museum Boom
• museums
84
Museum Boom
• museums
85
Museum Boom
• museums
86
Museum Boom
• museums
87
Museum Boom
• museums
88
Museum Boom
• museums
89
Museum Boom
• museums
90
Museum Boom
• Luoyang
91
Luoyang
Beijing 798 Art Zone
Beijing 798 Art Zone
Beijing 798 Art Zone
Shanghai M50/ 50 Moganshan Rd
Liu Dao collective
Shanghai M50/ 50 Moganshan Rd
Liu Dao collective
Shanghai M50/ 50 Moganshan Rd
Liu Dao collective
Shanghai M50/ 50 Moganshan Rd
Liu Dao collective
Shanghai M50/ 50 Moganshan Rd
Chen Chenchen
Shanghai M50/ 50 Moganshan Rd
Chen Chenchen
Shanghai M50/ 50 Moganshan Rd
Cao Chunhui
Shanghai M50/ 50 Moganshan Rd
Cao Chunhui
Shanghai M50/ 50 Moganshan Rd
Cao Chunhui
Shanghai M50/ 50 Moganshan Rd
Cao Chunhui
Shanghai M50/ 50 Moganshan Rd
Cao Chunhui
Shanghai M50/ 50 Moganshan Rd
Cao Chunhui
Shanghai M50/ 50 Moganshan Rd
Qiu Shengxian
Shanghai M50/ 50 Moganshan Rd
Qiu Shengxian
Shanghai M50/ 50 Moganshan Rd
Li Shiguang
Shanghai M50/ 50 Moganshan Rd
Li Shiguang
Shanghai M50/ 50 Moganshan Rd
Li Shiguang
Shenzhen OCT
Shenzhen OCT
Hangzhou Life Plaza
Hangzhou Life Plaza
Hangzhou Life Plaza
Beijing Olympic Village
Beijing Olympic Village
Art and China after 1989
Zhang Peili: video (1988)
Xu Bing (1955, China): mock Song books “A Book from the Sky” (1988)
Art and China after 1989
Wang Xingwei:
“New Beijing”
(2001)
Qiu Zhijie
Art and China after 1989
Ai Weiwei: “According to What” (2009)
Cai Guo-Qiang
(2009)
Art and China after 1989
Huang Yong Ping (France):
"Theater of the World“ (1993)
Chen Zhen: “Precipitous Parturition”
123
Art and China after 1989
• Painting
– Fang Lijun (1963, China)
“Series 2, No. 2,
Howl" (1992)
124
Art and China after 1989
• Painting
– Mengjun Li (1966, China)
"Autumn Scenery -
Frozen Time" (2007)
125
Art and China after 1989 • Painting
– Jian Guo (1969, China) “Bubble of Yum" (2001)
126
Art and China after 1989
• Conceptual Art
– Ai Weiwei (1957, China)
“Snake Ceiling" (2010)
127
Art and China after 1989
• Conceptual Art
– Cai Guo-Qiang
“Head on“ (2006)
128
Art and China after 1989 • Multimedia Installation/ Interactive
– Feng Mengbo (1966, China)
“Long March: Restart” (2008)
129
Art and China after 1989 • Photography
– Taiquan Tian (1960, China)
“Memory of
Totem”
(2007)
130
Art and China after 1989
• Photography
– Liu Bolin (1973, China)
“Hide in the City” (2005-)
131
Art and China after 1989 • Sculpture
– Shanshan Sheng (1957, China)
“The Wall” (2009)
132
Art and China after 1989 • Sculpture
– Wenling Chen (1969, China)
“God of Materialism”
133
Art and China after 1989 • Sculpture
– Liu Wei (1972, China): book sculptures
134
Art and China after 1989
• Sculpture/Site sculpture
– Gu Wenda (1955, China)
“Temple of Heaven" (1998)
135
The End
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www.lastfestival.org
http://peaceinnovation.stanford.edu
