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SCIENCE I AUGUST 25, 1950 ADAPTING TO CALORIC RESTRICTION HENRY L. TAYLOR AND ANCEL KEYS AAAS AND AIBS MEETINGS C. J. HYLANDER, H. A. MEYERHOFF, AND R. L. TAYLOR TECHNICAL PAPERS COMMENTS AND COMMUNICATIONS BOOK REVIEWS ASSOCIATION AFFAIRS NEWS AND NOTES COMPLETE TABLE OF CONTENTS ON PAGE 3 VOLUME 112, NUMBER 2904 AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE __~~~~ . . -1 1 1 I-

SCIENCE&scientific photography wthOrthophot Designed for the ultimate in versatility, the new Silge & Kuhne Orthophot provides all the facilities for photomicrography (using any standard

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Page 1: SCIENCE&scientific photography wthOrthophot Designed for the ultimate in versatility, the new Silge & Kuhne Orthophot provides all the facilities for photomicrography (using any standard

SCIENCEI

AUGUST 25, 1950

ADAPTING TO CALORIC RESTRICTIONHENRY L. TAYLOR AND ANCEL KEYS

AAAS AND AIBS MEETINGSC. J. HYLANDER, H. A. MEYERHOFF,

AND R. L. TAYLOR

TECHNICAL PAPERS

COMMENTS AND COMMUNICATIONSBOOK REVIEWS

ASSOCIATION AFFAIRS

NEWS AND NOTES

COMPLETE TABLE OF CONTENTS ON PAGE 3VOLUME 112, NUMBER 2904

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE

ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE__~~~~

. . -1 1 1 I-

Page 2: SCIENCE&scientific photography wthOrthophot Designed for the ultimate in versatility, the new Silge & Kuhne Orthophot provides all the facilities for photomicrography (using any standard

i,

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THE TECHNICON COMPANY215 EAST 149th ST. * NEW YORK 51, N. Y.

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Page 3: SCIENCE&scientific photography wthOrthophot Designed for the ultimate in versatility, the new Silge & Kuhne Orthophot provides all the facilities for photomicrography (using any standard

IRPOSE CAGE

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We ma cages, racks, automatic wateringyst MS or bnplete equipment for the housingan ~sanitary care of all laboratory animals. BusseyProductsICo. offers complete cage unit tha assure::;maximum efficiency, compact sizes and minimumwork fortihe user.ll

The improved "Permaweld" welded-wire construc-tion is a result of top-notch engineering. Ourmodern production techniques permit price econ-omy. The results can't be beat. Hundreds of thecountry's leading laboratories can tell you that.

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Page 4: SCIENCE&scientific photography wthOrthophot Designed for the ultimate in versatility, the new Silge & Kuhne Orthophot provides all the facilities for photomicrography (using any standard

Capacity No.iI*_I Sensitivity1610 g.

with PAN all three beamsand all exposed parts of stainless steel,including every tiny screw, rivet or nut

PRACTICALLY NON-CORRODIBLE BY LABORATORY FUMESEven after immersion for a month in such reagents as am-

monium hydroxide, nitric, chromic, sulphuric and many

other acids, this stainless steel showed a penetration of Iless than .0003". Such resistance assures many years of TW IEXTRAbright, clear, easily read scales. WEIGHTS

Write for special information on any of the articles listed below.

MANUFACTURERS OF ANALYTICAL BALANCES AND WEIGHTS-HEAVYDUTY BALANCES-SPRING BALANCES-JOLLY BALANCES-BALANCEACCESSORIES.

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2 SCENE Vol112:X:S.,u'SCIENCE,, Vol. 1 122

Page 5: SCIENCE&scientific photography wthOrthophot Designed for the ultimate in versatility, the new Silge & Kuhne Orthophot provides all the facilities for photomicrography (using any standard

SCIENCEVol. 112 No. 2904 Friday, August 25, 1950

Table of ContentsAdaptation to Caloric Restriction:Henry Longstreet Taylor and Ancel Keys ..... 215

Meetings of the A.A.A.S. and A.I.B.S.:A Joint Statement: Clarence J. Hylander,Howard A. Meyerhoff, and Raymond L. Taylor 219

Technical PapersNueleodepolymerase Activity ofPrecancerous Rat Liver: Antonio Cantero,Roger Daoust, and Gaston de Lamirande ... 221

Determination of DDT by Bioassay:C. Pagan and R. H. Hageman ............ .................. 222

Tyrosinase in Human Skin: Demonstrationof Its Presence and of Its Role in HumanMelanin Formation:

Thomas B.Fitzpatrick et al 223

Zinc Precipitation of Plasmin:John H. Kay ..... ... ...... 225

A Simple Technique for ObservingCarotid and Brachial Artery Pulse:James W. Benjamin and Louis A. Susca ...... 226

Cretaceous Rocks in the Kamishak Bay Area,Cook Inlet, Alaska: John C. Hazzard et al. 226

Lower Cretaceous Rocks at Cape KaguyakNorth of Kukak Bay, Alaska:

John C. Hazzard .................. 227

Measurement of Ion Migration on Paper in anElectric Field. Transference Numbers ofNickel and Copper Sulfates:Hugh J. McDonald, Matthew C. Urbin,

and MartinB.Williamson 227

Penetration of Benzpyrene into theStomach Wall of Mouse: Kai Setild and

PerEkwall ...................... 229

Oxygen Consumption and RadiophosphateUptake by Minced Brain from Mice ofDifference Ages in Relation to Propagationof Mouse Encephalomyelitis Virus:Max E. Rafelson, Jr., Harold E. Pearson,

andRichard J. Winzler .................................... 231

Comments and CommunicationsThe Study of Disordered Systems:Discussions by John C. Neess, C. H. Goulden,and N. T. Gridgeman ................. .. 233

Book ReviewsMedical Physics, Vol. II: Otto Glasser, Ed..Reviewed by Henry Eyring .235

Microbiologie du Sol: S. Winogradsky.Reviewed by R. E. Hungate 235

Scientific Book Register.. 236

Association AffairsSalt Lake City Meeting of the PacificDivision: Robert C. Miller ... 236

Hotel Reservations and Advance RegistrationfortheCleveland Meeting ..................... ............. 238

News and Notes . ... 239

Science, founded in 1880, is published each Friday by theAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science at theBusiness Press, 10 McGovern Ave., Lancaster, Pa. Enteredas second-class matter at the Post Office at Lancaster, Pa.,January 13, 1948, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Accept-ance for mailing at the special rate postage provided for inthe Act of February 28. 1925, embodied in Paragraph (d-2)Section 34.40 P. L. & R. of 1948.

All correspondence should be sent to Science, 1515 Massa-chusetts Ave., N. W.. Washington 5, D. C. The AAAS as-sumes no responsibility for the safety of manuscripts or for

the opinions expressed by contributors. Four weeks' noticeis required for change of address, and an address stencil labelfrom a recent Issue must be furnished. Claims for a missingnumber will be allowed only if received within 60 days fromdate of issue.

Annual subscriptions, $7.50; single copies, $.25: foreignpostage, outside the Pan-American Union, $1.00; Canadianpostage, $.50.The AAAS also publishes The Scientific Monthly. Subscrip-

tion rates on request.

3

AAAS EDITORIAL BOARD(Terms Eapire June 30, 1951)

H. Bentley Glass Karl Lark-HorovitzLorin J. Mullins Malcolm H. Soule

Howard A. MeyerhoffChairman

Beth WilsonExecutive Editor of Science

F. A. Moulton, Advertising Representative

Page 6: SCIENCE&scientific photography wthOrthophot Designed for the ultimate in versatility, the new Silge & Kuhne Orthophot provides all the facilities for photomicrography (using any standard

TEXTS FOR FALL TERMMEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY, Second Edition, by

Robert Matheson. The role that insects playin human disease. 628 pp., 242 illus., bibliog-raphy, index. $7.50.

NUTRITION OF THE DOG, Second Edition, byClive M. McCay. "Much new information basedon recent experiments and science findings."-Westchester Feature Syndicate. 348 pp., illus.$3.50.

CONSERVATION IN THE UNITED STATES, byA. F. Gustafson, C. H. Guise, W. J. Hamilton,Jr., and H. Ries. Third edition of this nation-ally-used text brings this factual and fully-illus-trated book into line with postwar conditions.Examination copies to teachers upon request.544 pp., 255 illus., 1949. $5.00.

ENTOMOLOGY FOR INTRODUCTORY COURSES,by Robert Matheson. "A well illustrated and at-tractive text."-Quart. Rev. of Biol. 616 pp.,500 illus., 1944. $5.50.

A LABORATORY GUIDE IN ENTOMOLOGY, byRobert Matheson. For introductory courses. 143pp., 8 by 11, paper, 48 plates, 1939. $2.00.

AN INTRODUCTION TO ENTOMOLOGY, byJohn H. Comstock. ". . . impresses us anewwith its fundamental thoroughness."-Annalsof the Entomol. Soc. of America. 1086 pp.,1228 illus., 9th ed., 1940. $6.00.

INSECT MICROBIOLOGY: An Account of theMicrobes Associated with Insects and Tickswith Special Reference to the Biologic Rela-tionships Involved, by Edward A. Steinhaus.777 pp., 250 illus., 1946. $7.75.

HANDBOOK OF NATURE-STUDY, by AnnaBotsford Comstock. "No book in the field pro-vides anything comparable."-Nature Maga-zine. 959 pp., 1220 illus., 24th ed., 1939. $4.50.

A GUIDE TO THE STUDY OF FRESH-WATERBIOLOGY, by James G. Needham and Paul R.Needham. Fresh-water organisms are discussed.89 pp., 500 illus., 4th ed., 1938. $1.00.

FARM MANAGEMENT MANUAL, by V. B. Hart,S. W. Warren, and Ivan R. Bierly. "The mostefficient and practical manual of its kind...84 pp., 8j by 11, 1946. $1.00.

COMSTOCK PUBLISHING COMPANY, INC.124 ROBERTS PLACE, ITHACA, NEW YORK

SCIENCE, Vol. 112

KARL LAMBRECHTestablished 1933

4318 N. Uncoln Ave. Chicago 18, III.

CRYSTAL-OPTICS

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Order from

FRANZ MFC. CO.New Haven 11, Conn.

Literature Available

4

Page 7: SCIENCE&scientific photography wthOrthophot Designed for the ultimate in versatility, the new Silge & Kuhne Orthophot provides all the facilities for photomicrography (using any standard

Photomicrography

& scientific photography

wthOrthophotDesigned for the ultimate in versatility, the new Silge & KuhneOrthophot provides all the facilities for photomicrography (usingany standard microscope), photomacrography, microprojection,photocopying, microfilming, x-ray copying, enlarging, and generallaboratory and scientific photography.

r In seconds, Orthophotconverts for photomo-crography. Adjustoblemacro-stond replacesmicroscope. Somehighly-controlloble il-luminotion and split.micron focusing used.

Orthophot set up for photomicrography withstandard microscope. Built-in, permanently.aligned light source with complete color andintensity controls. Precision reflex camera hassplit-micron focusing device.

Separately, il-lustrated, or asport of com.plete Ortho-phot, Ortho-il-luminotor ex-cels for routine

- microscopy,dorkfield, and other research techniques, andporticulorly phase work. Near parallel beam oflight, free from filoment image, rises verticallyfrom base, entering microscope condenser di-rectly. Operation on a-c or d.c power.

Orthophot as shown attop (without microscope)$825.00. f.o.b. destina-tion U.S.A.

Substitution of enlargerhead with opol-bulblight source and doublecondensing lens makesOrthophot into precisionphotoenlorger. Quick,needle-sharp focusingwith illuminated targeton table and using re.flex mirror.

I Simplified column on Or-thophot occommodates stillcaneras from miniatures

L to 4 by 5 Groflex types,almost all 8- and 16-mmcine cameras, and manyajs35-mm models. Extendedadjustments providexlign.ment with standard micro-scopes.

Accessory units not shown include microprojection viewer with 8- by 8-in. verticalground glass, alternative exposure meters approximately 20 and 2000 times assensitive as standard commercial types, and bellows-extension adapters to in-crease magnification or establish fixed ratios.

This versatile equipment is supplied either in complete assemblies or in separatesections to coordinate with existing laboratory facilities. Write for descriptive data,

4- ,

August 25, 1950 5

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Page 8: SCIENCE&scientific photography wthOrthophot Designed for the ultimate in versatility, the new Silge & Kuhne Orthophot provides all the facilities for photomicrography (using any standard

for the RADIOISOTOPE LABORATORY

A BASICCOMPLETE

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The basic laboratory permits quantitative studies to be made on all radio isotopes. It consists of a Fusion SealMica Window Counter, a Lucite Mount, a Vertical Iron Shield, aluminum sample pans, a radioactivity warningplacard, and an RCL Scaler. Additional equipment which will operate with the basic instrument is also available.

For further information on the selection of equipment for a radioisotope laboratory, write for Information Bulletin #9.

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SCIENCE, Vol. 112

P H O TO V O L TExposure Photometer Mod. 200-M

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Write for Bulletin #810 to Price $65.-

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Page 9: SCIENCE&scientific photography wthOrthophot Designed for the ultimate in versatility, the new Silge & Kuhne Orthophot provides all the facilities for photomicrography (using any standard

ImPO_zEEE~~&a

GENERAL CHEMISTRY. New 2nd editionBy JOHN A. TIMm, Simmons College. 764 pages, $4.50

By the addition of new material and more detailed treatment, the new revision of this text placesrelatively greater emphasis on the descriptive chemistry of elements and their compounds. Asbefore, it still retains a comprehensive discussion of the structure of matter and the forcesacting between structure particles. A Laboratory Manual is available.

ATOMIC PHYSICSBy WOLFGANG, FINKELNBURG, Formerly Professor of Physics, UUniversity of Strassburg.International Series in Pure and Applied Physics. 498 pages, $6.50

This text covers the whole field of nuclear, atomic, molecular, and solid-state physics from theatoinistic point of view, starting at a relatively low level and leading the reader to an under-standing of all important empirical facts and theories and to a realization of the unsolvedproblems and trends of present-day research.

BREEDING AND IMPROVEMENT OF FARM ANIMALS. New 4th editionBy V. A. RICE, University of Massachusetts, and F. N. ANDREWS, Purdue University.AMcGraw-Hill Publications in the Agriculttral Sciences. In press

A thorough revision of a very successful text. The basic pattern remains unchanged, but thenew material has been brought up to date throughout, incorporating the newer developments inreproductive physiology, inheritance, systems of breeding and selection. Much new illustrativematerial has been provided to further clarify the treatment of the subject.

FRESHWATER ALGAE OF THE UNITED STATES. New 2nd editionBy GILBERT M. SMITH, Stanford University. McGraw-Hill Publications in the BotanicalSciences. In press

This outstanding text has been thoroughly revised to incorporate new developments since pub-lication of the first edition. It is designed to enable the student to identify the fresh-water algaeof this country, and to summarize the morphology and life histories of these algae. New ma-terial is included on 75 to 80 genera reported since 1933, and over 100 new illustrations havebeen added.

Send for copies on approval

MX 3cAWSHILL BOOK COMPANY, INC.330 WEST 42ND STREET, NEW YORK 18, N. Y.

August 25, 1950

--l Em MENEREEM~

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Page 10: SCIENCE&scientific photography wthOrthophot Designed for the ultimate in versatility, the new Silge & Kuhne Orthophot provides all the facilities for photomicrography (using any standard

FIIST IW AMRCA!

America's first microscope designede_*apecially for examining ?Paqee minerals

plaried ligbt... sturdily constructedf;r a lifetimue of hard, practical use.

_ ~~*SutIn vartlso fllumntnorwith Interl_tsorce.. Provision for polarized

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* htr-larecapacty. New extra-longsldte, focusae by rack and pinion ...accommnodates large specimens up to4' thick.

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SCONCE, Vol. 112a