SCIENCE FORM 2 (Q&A)

7/25/2019 SCIENCE FORM 2 (Q&A)

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SCIENCE FORM 2

Loo.K.C/PMR/SC/2011 1

Chapter 1: The World through Our Senses

1.1 Understanding the sensory organs and their functions

1 State fivesensory organs in human.

2 What is the type of stimulus received by eyes?

3 What is the stimulus received by nose and tongue?

4 Statefourstimuli that can be detected by skin.

5 What are represented by the symbolsXand Yfor the path of an impulse below,

after a stimulus is received by the skin?

Stimulus X Nerve Y Nerve Effector

1.2 Understanding the sense of touch

1 What are receptorsX and Y?

2 State the type of receptor that is located in the fat layer of the skin.

3 State the type of receptor that is located in the epidermis of the skin.

4 State twofactors that affect the sensitivity of the skin.

5 Explain why lips are sensitive to touch.

6 Explain why elbows are not sensitive to touch.

1.3 Understanding the sense of smell

1 What is the sensory organ for smell?

2 State the receptors in nose which can detect smell.

3 Where is the location of the smell receptors in nose?

4 What is represented byX in the smell pathway below?

5 Explain why when we have flu, the nose cannot function well.

Chemical

in the airX BrainImpulses

http://www.maths-catch.com/soalanpercubaan.html


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1.4 Understanding the sense of taste

1 State four tastes that can be detected by our tongue.

2 Answer the following questions based on the diagram given.

(a) State the taste that P, Q, R and S are sensitive to.

(b) Determine the areas, P, Q, R or S, which are sensitive to the following

substances.

(i) Honey (v) Vinegar(ii) Medicine (vi) Sugar

(iii) Salt (vii) Bile

(iv) Lime (viii) Sea water

3 What is the relationship between the sense of taste and the sense of smell?

1.5 Understanding the sense of hearing

1 What is the sensory organ for hearing?

2 What is the structure of the ear that vibrates when it is hit by sound waves?

3 Name the structure of the ear that amplifies sound vibrations.

4 Name the structure of the ear that detects vibration and changes it into nerve

impulses.

5 State twostructures of ears that do notplay any part in hearing.

6 Name the structure of the ear that sends nerve impulses to the brain.

7 Name the structure of the ear that balances the air pressure on both sides of the

ear.

8 Name the structures of the ear that controls balance in the body.

9 Name the structure of the ear that collects and directs sound waves into the ear.

10 Name the structure of the ear that channels sound waves to the eardrum.

1.6 Understanding the sense of sight

1 What is the sensory organ for sight?

2 What is the structure of the eye that is sensitive to light?

3 Name the structure of the eye that allows light to enter it.

4 Name the structure of the eye that controls the size of pupil.



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5 State twostructures of the eye that maintain the shape of the eye.

6 What is the structure of the eye that refracts light and helps to focus light onto the

retina?

7 What is the structure of the eye that avoids reflection in the eye?

8 What is the function of sclera?

9 State threestructures in eye that help eye lens to focus the light onto the retina.

10 State the part of the retina which is not sensitive to light. Explain your answer.

11 State the structure of eye that sends impulses to the brain for interpretation.

1.7 Understanding light and sight

1 What happens to light when it is directed to a plane mirror?

2 What are the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection?

(a)

(b)

3 What happens to the light that is directed to a medium with different density?

4 Draw the refraction of light in the diagram below.

(a) (c)

(b)

5 Explain why the drinking straw in a glass of water appears bent.

6 State threeexamples of eye defects.



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7 State the eye defect that occurs because the image of a distant object falls in

front of the retina.

8 State the eye defect that occurs because the image of a nearby object falls

behind the retina.

9 State tworeasons for the occurrence of short-sightedness.

10 State tworeasons for the occurrence of long-sightedness.

11 How can short-sightedness be corrected?

12 How can long-sightedness be corrected?

13 State an eye defect that is caused by the irregular curvature of the cornea.

14 State the limitation of the sense of sight when our brain cannotinterpret

accurately what is actually seen by the eyes.

15 We cannot see an object if its image is formed on the partXof retina. Name part

X.

16 Explain why the blind spot is not sensitive to light ray.

17 State the type of vision involving both eyes.

18 Stateoneadvantage and one disadvantage of stereoscopic vision.

19 State the type of vision involving one eye only.

20 Stateoneadvantage and one disadvantage of monocular vision.

21 State twoexamples of animals that have stereoscopic vision.

22 State twoexamples of animals that have monocular vision.

1.8 Understanding sound and hearing

1 How can sound be produced?

2 State the change of energy during the production of sound.

3 Can a huge explosion that occurs in outer space be heard? Explain your answer.

4 State the property of sound that causes echo to be formed in caves.

5 Statetwoproperties of the surface of objects that reflect sound effectively.

6 Statetwoproperties of the surface of objects that absorb sound effectively.

7 State the type of hearing involving both ears.

8 State twopossible reasons why a person is suffering from deafness (a hearing

defect).

9 State the instrument that is used to amplify the sound of heartbeat.

10 State the instrument that is used by people with hearing defects.



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1.9 Understanding the stimuli and responses in plants

1 The response by plants to stimuli is called _____________.

2 State the type of tropic response shown by the shoots towards light.

3 What is the importance of phototropism that occurs in plant?

4 The roots show negative phototropism. What does this mean?

5 State the type of tropic response shown by the roots towards gravity.

6 State the type of tropic response shown by the roots towards water.

7 State the type of tropic response shown by the tendrils of cucumber plants

towards touch.

8 State the type of response shown by the mimosa plants towards touch.

9 State twoimportance of geotropism that occurs in plant?

10 The shoots show negative geotropism. What does this mean?

Chapter 2: Nutrition

2.1 Analysing the classes of food

2.2 Evaluating the importance of a balanced diet

1 State the solution (reagent or material) that can be used to test the following food

and give the observation.

(a) Starch

(b) Glucose

(c) Protein

(d) Fat

2 What will be observed when a few drops of iodine solution are dropped onto a

piece of potato? Explain your answer.

3 State threeelements that make up the carbohydrate and fat.

4 What is the main function of carbohydrate?

5 State the mainfunction of protein.

6 State twofunctions of fat.

7 State the class of the food below.

(a) Starch

(b) Milk

(c) Margarine

(d) Honey

(e) Fish

(f) Egg white

(g) Egg yolk(h) Butter



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(i) Fruit

(j) Vegetable

(k) Rice

(l) Potato

(m) Groundnut

8 State onefunction of water

9 State the diseases caused by the deficiency of the following vitamins in the diet.

(a) Vitamin A

(b) Vitamin B

(c) Vitamin C

(d) Vitamin D

(e) Vitamin E

(f) Vitamin K

10 State the diseases caused by the deficiency of the following mineral salts in a diet.

(g) Iodine

(h) Iron

(i) Phosphorus

(j) Calcium

11 State the disease caused by the deficiency of protein in a diet.

12 Name the diet which is made up of food that has all the nutrients in the right

quantity.

13 A man took 100 g rice, 100 g fried egg and 50 g banana for his dinner. Calculate

the calorific value he took.

Food Calorific value (kJ/100g)

Rice 1 500

Fried egg 950

Banana 350

2.3 Understanding the digestive system in human

1 State the type of food that is digested in the mouth.

2 State the type of food that is digested in the stomach.

3 State the types of food that are digested in the small intestine.

4 Statetwotypes of substance (contained in gastric juice) that are secreted by the

stomach wall.

5 Name the process that pushes the food along the alimentary canal.

6 State twofunctions of the small intestine.7 Statetwofunctions of the large intestine.



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2.4 Understanding the process of absorption of digested food

2.5 Understanding the reabsorption of water and defaecation

2.6 Put into practice the habits of healthy eating

1 What is the end-product of the digestion of carbohydrate that is ready to be

absorbed into the small intestine?

2 What is the end-product of the digestion of protein that is ready to be absorbed

into the small intestine?

3 What are the end-products of the digestion of fat that is ready to be absorbed into

the small intestine?

4 Can starch, protein or fat molecules move through the walls of small intestine

(villi)? Explain your answer.

5 Name the structure on the inner wall of the small intestine which is responsible

for the absorption of digested food.

6 State onecharacteristic of villus that enables it to absorb digested food efficiently.

7 Name the process of expelling the undigested food in the large intestine out of

the body.

8 Name the condition which occurs when a person face the difficulty to pass motion.

9 State the process of pushing the undigested food along the large intestine.

10 What is the risk of consuming a large amount of food located at the top of the

food pyramid?

Chapter 3: Biodiversity

3.1 Understanding variety of living organisms and their classification

1 State twoclasses of animals.

2 Statefiveclasses of vertebrate.

3 State the classification of vertebrates for the following animals.

(a) Rabbit

(b) Eagle

(c) Chicken

(d) Whale

(e) Dolphin

(f) Snake

(g) Turtle

(h) Toad

(i) Frog

(j) Shark(k) Penguin



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(l) Eel

(m) Crocodile

(n) Lizard

(o) Tortoise

4 State the types of vertebrates which breathe through lungs.

5 State the type of vertebrates which breathe through gills.

6 State the type of vertebrates which breathe through moist skin.

7 State the types of vertebrates which are warm-blooded.

8 State the types of vertebrates which have cold-blooded.

9 State the types of vertebrates which lay eggs.

10 State the type of vertebrates which gives birth to young.

11 State the types of vertebrates which carry out internal fertilisation.

12 State the types of vertebrates which carry out external fertilisation.

13 State twotypes of flowering plants.

14 State and draw the types of leaf vein of monocotyledon and dicotyledon plants.

15 State and draw the types of root of monocotyledon and dicotyledon plants.

16 State the types of stem of monocotyledon and dicotyledon plants.

17 State the number of cotyledons of the seeds of monocotyledon and dicotyledon

plants.

18 State whether each of the given plants is a monocotyledon or dicotyledon.

(a) Paddy plant

(b) Coconut tree

(c) Durian tree

(d) Oil palm tree

(e) Rubber tree

(f) Grass

(g) Maize plant

(h) Balsam plant

19 State fourtypes of non-flowering plant.

20 Among non-flowering plants, name a plant that cannotcarry out photosynthesis.

Explain your answer.

21 How do the non-flowering plants reproduce?



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Chapter 4: Interdependence among Living Organisms and the Environment

4.1 Analysing the interdependence among living organisms

1 State the natural living place for plants and animals.

2 State a group of organisms of the same species that live together and reproduce

in a habitat.

3 Several types of animal and plant populations live together and interact with one

another in a habitat to form a _______________.

4 Several communities that interact with one another and with the physical

environment form an ________________.

5 State the study on the relationship among organisms and the relationship

between organisms and the environment.

4.2 Evaluating the interaction between living organisms

1 An organism that kills and eats another organism is called a _____________.

2 An organism that is eaten by a predator is called a _______________.

3 State the type of interaction between the different organisms that live together

dependently.

4 State the type of interaction between different organisms where one organism

benefits from the other whereas the other organism is not adversely affected.

5 State the type of interaction between different organisms where one organism

benefits from the other whereas the other organism is negatively affected.

6 State the type of interaction between two different organisms that live together in

which both organisms benefit from each other.

7 State the type of interaction that occurs when organisms compete for the same

basic resources.

8 State twoexamples of basic resources that are competed in a group of lions.

9 Which of the following usually has a bigger body, a prey or predator?

10 State the type of interaction between the living things below.

(a) A kingfisher and fish

(b) Nitrogen-fixing bacteria and leguminous plant

(c) Flowering plants and weeds

(d) Tree barnacles and trees

(e) Birds nest fern and tree

11 Name the method in which a natural enemy is used to control the population of

pest in an area.

12 State twoadvantages of controlling pests using biological control.13 Give one pair of organisms as an example of biological control.



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4.3 Synthesising food web

1 All green plants that make food through photosynthesis is called ___________.

2 Animals that eat plants or other animals are called ____________.

3 Organisms that decompose dead organisms and change them into simple

substances are called _______________.

4 Statetwoexamples of decomposers.

5 Name the energy link shows how energy in food is passed from plants to animals.

6 The diagram below shows a food chain in a habitat.

Grass Caterpillar Frog Snake

(a) Grass is a ________________

(b) Caterpillar is a ________________

(c) Frog is a ________________

(d) Snake is a ________________

7 Based on the food chain in Question 6, state what will happen to the number of

organisms if all the snakes in the habitat is caught.

(a) Number of frog

(b) Number of caterpillar

(c) Number of grass

8 Name the term that refers to several food chains that are interlinked.

9 What are the organisms that form the base and the top of a pyramid of numbers?

10 From the base of a pyramid of numbers to its top, state the changes in the

(a) number of organisms

(b) size of organisms

4.4 Analysing photosynthesis

4.5 Evaluating the importance of conservation and preservation of living

organisms

1 What is the process that occurs in green plants where food is made?2 State four conditions (or substances) needed for the process of photosynthesis.

3 Write the word equation of photosynthesis.

4 In the laboratory activity to test the presence of starch as a product of

photosynthesis, state the purpose of

(a) boiling the small pieces of leaf in a beaker.

(b) heating the small pieces of leaf in alcohol.

(c) soaking the pieces of leaf in hot water.

5 State the solution that can be used to test the presence of starch in leaf and state

the observation.



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6 What is the gas that can be absorbed by sodium hydroxide solution?

7 State the change of energy that occurs during photosynthesis.

8 Name the green pigment on leaves.

9 What is the function of chlorophyll?

10 Complete the carbon-oxygen cycle below.

11 State threehuman activities than cause environmental pollution.

Chapter 5: Water and Solution

5.1 Analysing the physical characteristics of water

1 State the melting point of ice.

2 State the freezing point of water.

3 State the boiling point of water.

4 State the change of state of matter when ice becomes water.

5 State the change of state of matter when water becomes ice.

6 State the change of state of matter when water becomes steam.

7 State the change of state of matter when steam becomes water.

8 State the change of colour when dry cobalt chloride paper is used to test the

presence of water.

9 State the change of colour when dry copper(II) sulphate is used to test the

presence of water.

10 What is the effect of the impurities on the

(a) boiling point of water?

(b) melting point of ice?

(c) freezing point of water?

Green plants

Photosynthesis

Living organisms

Respiration/Breathing

Fuel

Burning/Combustion

Dead organisms

Decomposition



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5.2 Analysing the composition of water

1 What is the process that can be used to separate water into hydrogen and

oxygen?

2 Is a water a mixture or a compound?

3 Statetwoelements that form a water molecule.

4 State the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in one molecule of water.

5 Name the negative electrode in an electrolytic cell.

6 Name the positive electrode in electrolysis.

7 State the product at the anode for the electrolysis of water (acidified by a little

sulphuric acid).

8 State the product at the cathode for the electrolysis of water (acidified by a little

sulphuric acid).

9 State the test for the presence of oxygen gas.

10 State the test for the presence of hydrogen gas.

5.3 Analysing the process of evaporation of water

1 State fourfactors that affect the rate of evaporation of water.

2 State the relationship between the surrounding temperature and the rate of

evaporation of water.

3 State the relationship between the air humidity and the rate of evaporation of

water.

4 State the relationship between the air movement and the rate of evaporation of

water.

5 State the relationship between the surface area and the rate of evaporation of

water.

6 The temperature that enables the boiling process to occur is referred to as

_______________.

For Questions 712, choose either boiling or evaporation as your answer.

7 What is the process that occurs at any temperature?

8 What is the process that occurs at a higher rate?

9 What is the process that takes place only on the surface of water?

10 What is the process that enables wet clothes to become dry under the Sun?

11 What is the process that enables the preparation of salt at the seaside?

12 What is the process that enables the preparation of distilled water in the school

laboratory?



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5.4 Analysing solution and solubility

1 Name the liquid that is used to dissolve a substance.

2 Name the substance that dissolves in a solvent

3 Name the mixture that is formed by a solvent and a solute.

4 Name the solution that has very little solute.

5 Name the solution that has a lot of solute.

6 Name the solution that has the maximum amount of solute.

7 Name the liquid that has suspended substances in it.

8 State fourfactors that affect the solubility of substances in a solvent.

9 State the relationship between the size of solutes and the solubility of substances

in the solvent.

10 State the relationship between the temperature of a solvent and the solubility of

substances in it.

11 State the relationship between the stirring and the solubility of substances in a

solvent.

12 State the relationship between the volume of solvent and the solubility of

substances in it.

13 Name the universal solvent?

14 State the organic solvent that can be used to remove the following dirt.

(a) Chlorophyll (from grass)

(b) Fresh paint

(c) Rust

(d) Grease

(e) Blood State the organic solvents according to its uses.

(f) To dissolve iodine to make an antiseptic

(g) To dilute paint

(h) To stick plastic substances

(i) To stick rubber sheets

5.5 Analysing acid and alkali

1 Statethreeproperties of acid.

2 Name the gas released when acid reacts with magnesium (or zinc).

3 Write a chemical equation in words to show the reaction between magnesium

and hydrochloric acid.

4 Write a chemical equation in words to show the reaction between zinc and

sulphuric acid.



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5 Write a chemical equation in words to show the reaction between zinc and nitric

acid.

6 Name the gas released when acid reacts with calcium carbonate.

7 Statethreeproperties of alkali.

8 Name the gas released when ammonium salt is heated with alkali.

9 Acids and alkalis only show their properties in the presence of

________________.

10A substance with pH value less than 7 shows the properties of an

_____________.

11A substance with pH value more than 7 shows the properties of an

____________.

12A substance with pH value 7 is _____________.

13 Name the acid used in car battery.

14 Name the acid used to coagulate latex.

15 Name the acid in soft drinks.

16 Name the alkali used to prevent the coagulation of latex.

17 Name the reaction that occurs between an acid and an alkali.

18 Write a chemical equation in words to show the reaction between sodium

hydroxide and hydrochloric acid.

19 Name the method that uses burette to study neutralisation.

20 State the properties of toothpaste and gastric pills.

5.6 Analysing the methods of purification of water

1 State the natural sources of water that contains the most and the least impurities.

2 State one water purification method that can only remove coarse impurities such

as suspended substances.

3 State one disadvantage of purifying water through filtration.

4 State two water purification methods that can only kill microorganisms in water.

5 Name the method of water purification below.

6 State one method that can be used to kill the microorganisms contained in

swimming pools.

7 State one method that is usually used to kill microorganisms in drinking water at

home.



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8 State one advantage of purifying water through boiling.

9 State one water purification method that can remove all impurities.

10 State whether water that is purified by distillation is suitable to be consumed as

drinking water.Give one reason for your answer.

11 State the water purification method that can be used to prepare distilled water.

5.7 Analysing the water supply system

5.8 Understanding the preservation of water quality

1 State the sequence of the tanks that are used in water purification plants.

2 State two substances that are added into the coagulation tank to coagulate

suspended particles.

3 State the substance added to the coagulation tank to reduce the acidity of water.

4 State the function of chlorine that is added into the chlorination tank.

5 State the function of sodium fluoride added into water at certain water purification

plants.

6 State five types of water pollutants.

Chapter 6: Air Pressure

6.1 Understanding air pressure

1 Air has particles that are continually moving and colliding with things on Earth.

This produces _________________.

2 Draw the direction of the air pressure acting on the thick cardboard.

3 State two factors that affect air pressure.

4 State the relationship between the number of gas particles and air pressure.

5 State the relationship between the volume of a container filled with gas particles

and air pressure inside the container.

6 State the relationship between temperature and air pressure.

6.2 Applying the principle of air pressure

1 Give three examples of tools using air pressure to operate.

2 A student cannot pour out the milk from a condensed milk tin with a hole

punched. Suggest one way to help him to overcome the problem.

3 State one tool that can be used to suck out the clogged dirt in a sink.



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4 What will happen when a gas is placed under a very high pressure? Give two

examples for the use of this property.

5 State one safety measure while using aerosol spray. Give a reason for your

answer.

Chapter 7: Dynamics

7.1 Understanding force

1 A plastic ruler is bent. What inference can be made based on the action of the

force?

2 A spring is pulled. What inference can be made based on the action of the force?

3 A stationary wheelbarrow is lifted and pushed. What inference can be made

based on the action of the force?

4 Speeding a moving bicycle. What inference can be made based on the action of

the force?

5 Kicking a ball that is rolling to wards a different direction. What inference can be

made based on the action of the force?

6 State the type of force that is produced when two surfaces rub against each

other.

7 State the type of force that opposes motion.

8 State the type of force that pulls objects towards Earth.

9 The attractive or repulsive force that is exerted by magnets is known as

______________ .

10 State the type of force that is produced when electrons move through a

conductor.

11 State the type of force acting on a ping-pong ball when it stops moving after a

short while.

12 State the type of force acting on an object that falls to the ground.

7.2 Understanding the measurement of force

7.3 Application of frictional force

1 State the unit of force and its symbol.

2 What is the instrument that can be used to measure force?

3 What is the type of force that has direction and magnitude?

4 What is the type of force that opposes the direction of motion?

5 Draw an arrow (:) to show the direction of the frictional force.



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6 State two factors that affect the magnitude of frictional force.

7 State the relationship between the nature of a surface and the magnitude of

frictional force produced by it.

8 State the relationship between the weight of an object and the magnitude of

frictional force acting on it.

9 Is the magnitude of the frictional force affected by the surface area in contact?

10 State three methods to reduce the friction between two surfaces in contact.

11 Why is the wet floor slippery to walk on it?

12 State three disadvantages of friction.

7.4 Application of the concept of work

7.5 Application of the concept of power

1 What being done when an object is shifted from one place to another or to

change the shape of an object?

2 Write a formula to relate the work done, force and the distance travelled by a

moving object.

3 State the unit of work done.

4 State whether the work is done or not for the following situations.

(a) Sitting on the floor

(b) Pushing a table

(c) Brushing teeth

(d) Sleeping on a bed

(e) Climbing up the ladder

5 A bicycle is pushed to a distance of 5 m with a force of 20 N. Calculate the work

done.

6 What refers to the rate of work done in one second?

7 Write a formula to relate power, the work done and time.

8 State the unit of power.

9 A student took 5 seconds to push a box. If the work done is 60 J, what is the

power generated?

10 A worker pushes a cupboard with a force of 500 N over a distance of 2 m in 5

seconds. Calculate the power that has been generated.



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Chapter 8: Support and Movement

8.1 Understanding the support system in animals

1 What is the support system of human and land vertebrates?

2 How do aquatic vertebrates support their body weight?

3 What is the support system of cockroach and scorpion (land invertebrates)?

4 What is the support system of earthworm and caterpillar (land invertebrates)?

5 State the types of support system for the following animals.

(a) Elephant

(b) Eagle

(c) Tapeworm

(d) Slug

(e) Spider

(f) Whale

8.2 Understanding the support system in plants

1 What is the support system of woody plants?

2 What is the special structure that supports the rose plants?

3 What is the support system of herbaceous plants such as balsam and mustard?

4 What is the special structure that supports the cucumber plants?

5 State the special structure in aquatic plants that enable them to be supported by

the buoyancy of water.

6 Determine the type of plant based on the structure of the stem shown below.

Chapter 9: Stability

9.1 Understanding that the centre of gravity affects stability

9.2 Appreciating the importance of stability

1 State the point of equilibrium of an object.

2 What will affect the position of the centre of gravity?

3 Where is the location of the centre of gravity of a circular-shaped object?

4 State twofactors that affect the stability of an object.

5 State the relationship between the position of the centre of gravity and the

stability of an object.



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6 State the relationship between the base area and the stability of an object.

7 Which object is more stable? Explain your answer.

8 Which object is more stable? Explain.

9 Explain how a giraffe can achieve its stability while drinking water.

10 How can a crocodile achieve its stability?11 State twoexamples of objects at home that achieve stability by having low centre

of gravity.

12 Explain why elephant and rhinoceros have big and short legs.

Chapter 10: Simple Machine

10.1 Analysing levers

1 State the class of lever where the fulcrum is located between the force (effort)

and the load.

2 State the class of lever where the load is located between the fulcrum and the

force (effort).

3 State the class of lever where the force (effort) is located between the fulcrum

and the load.

4 State the classes of levers where the force and the load act in opposite directions.

5 Determine the classes of levers for the tools below.

(a) Paper cutter

(b) Fishing rod

(c) Scissors

(d) Crowbar

(e) Wheelbarrow

(f) Pliers

(g) Bottle opener

(h) Ice tongs

(i) Knife



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6 State twotools that are classified in the same class of lever as a broom.

7 State twotools that are classified in the same class of lever as a see-saw.

8 State twotools that are classified in the same class of lever as a nutcracker.

9 Give the formula of the principle of levers.

10 In the diagram below, calculate the weight of the load that can keep the rod

balanced when a 100 N force is exerted on the rod.

ANSWERS

Chapter 1: The World through Our Senses

1.1 Understanding the sensory organs and their functions6 Eye, ear, nose, tongue and skin7 Light8 Chemical substances9 Touch, pain, heat and cold10 X: Receptor; Y: Brain

1.2 Understanding the sense of touch1 X: Pain receptor;Y: Pressure receptor2 Pressure receptor3 Pain receptor4 The thickness of the epidermis and the number of receptors5 Lips have thin epidermis and many receptors6 Elbows have thick epidermis and fewer receptors

1.3 Understanding the sense of smell1 Nose2 Smell receptors3 On the top part of the nasal cavity4 X:smell receptor5 The smell receptors are covered by a layer of mucus

1.4 Understanding the sense of taste1 Sweet, sour, salty and bitter2 (a) P: Bitter;Q: Sour;R: Salty;S: Sweet3 (b) (i) S (v) Q

(ii) P (vi) S(iii) R (vii) P(iv) Q (viii) R

4 The sense of smell facilitates the sense of taste.

1.5 Understanding the sense of hearing



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1 Ear2 Eardrum3 Ossicles4 Cochlea5 Semicircular canal and Eustachian tube)6 Auditory nerve

7 Eustachian tube8 Semicircular canal9 Ear pinna10 Auditory canal

1.6 Understanding the sense of sight1 Eye2 Retina3 Pupil4 Iris5 Aqueous humour and vitreous humour

6 Cornea7 Choroid8 Protects the eye9 Cornea, aqueous humour and vitreous humour10 Blind spot. Blind spot does not contain receptor of light11 Optic nerve

1.7 Understanding light and sight1 It will be reflected2 (a) Angle of incidence = 9040 = 50 o; Angle of reflection = angle of incidence = 50 o3 (b) Angle of incidence = 9060 = 30 o; Angle of reflection = angle of incidence = 30 o

4 It will be refracted.5 (a)

(b)(c)

6 Refraction of light occurs7 Short-sightedness, long-sightedness and astigmatism

8 Short-sightedness9 Long-sightedness



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10 The eyeballs are too long; The eye lens are too thick11 The eyeballs are too short; The eye lens are too thin)12 By wearing concave lenses13 By wearing convex lenses14 Astigmatism15 Optical illusion

16 Blind spot17 Blind spot does not have any light receptor18 Stereoscopic vision19 Can estimate distances accurately but the filed of vision is narrow20 Monocular vision21 The filed of vision is wide but distances cannot be estimated accurately22 Eagle and cat/tiger/owl (predator)23 Rabbit and deer/rat/cow/goat (prey)

1.8 Understanding sound and hearing1 Through vibration2 Kinetic energy sound energy3 No. Sound cannot travel through a vacuum/The transfer of sound requires a medium4 Sound can be reflected5 Hard and smooth6 Soft and porous7 Stereophonic hearing8 Tearing of the eardrum and damage to the ossicles/auditory nerve/cochlea9 Stethoscope10 Hearing aid

1.9 Understanding the stimuli and responses in plants1 tropism

2 Phototropism3 Enables the plant to obtain sunlight for photosynthesis4 The roots grow away from the direction of the light5 Geotropism6 Hydrotropism7 Thigmotropism8 Nastic movement9 Enables the plant to obtain water and mineral salt in the ground; Enable the roots to cling

on to the ground firmly for support10 The shoots grow away from the direction of the gravitational force

Chapter 2: Nutrition

2.1 Analysing the classes of food2.2 Evaluating the importance of a balanced diet14 (a) Iodine solution. A dark blue colour appears.

(b) Benedicts solution and brick-red precipitate is formed.(c) Millons reagent. A dark red precipitate is formed.(d) Filter paper. A translucent spot is formed.

15 A dark blue colour appears. Potato contains starch.16 Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen17 To supply energy18 To build new cells to replace damaged tissues

19 As heat insulator and to protect the internal organs20 (a) Carbohydrate



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(b) Protein(c) Fats(d) Carbohydrate(e) Protein(f) Protein(g) Fat

(h) Fat(i) Roughage/Vitamins/Mineral salts(j) Roughage/Vitamins/Mineral salts(k) Carbohydrate(l) Carbohydrate(m) Protein

21 Transporting digested food /Regulating the body temperature22 (a) Night blindness

(b) Beriberi(c) Scurvy(d) Rickets(e) Sterility(f) Blood slow to clot

23 (a) Goitre(b) Anaemia(c) Rickets(d) Rickets

24 Kwashiorkor25 Balanced diet26 1 500 + 9500 + 175 = 2 625 kJ

2.3 Understanding the digestive system in human8 Starch/Carbohydrate

9 Protein10 Carbohydrate, protein and fat11 Enzyme and hydrochloric acid12 Peristalsis13 Complete the digestion of food and absorbs the digested food14 Reabsorbs water and produces faeces

2.4 Understanding the process of absorption of digested food2.5 Understanding the reabsorption of water and defaecation2.6 Put into practice the habits of healthy eating11 Glucose12 Amino acid

13 Fatty acid and glycerol14 No. The starch, protein and fat molecules are too big to move through the walls of small

intestine.15 Villus (singular)/Villi (plural)16 Villus has thin wall one-cell thick wall17 Defaecation18 Constipation19 Peristalsis20 Getting a heart attack

Chapter 3: Biodiversity



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SCIENCE FORM 2


3.1 Understanding variety of living organisms and their classification22 Invertebrate and vertebrate23 Fish, amphibian, reptile, bird and mammal24 (a) Mammal

(b) Bird

(c) Bird(d) Mammal(e) Mammal(f) Reptile(g) Reptile(h) Amphibian(i) Amphibian(j) Fish(k) Bird(l) Fish(m) Reptile(n) Reptile(o) Reptile

25 Mammal, reptile, bird and amphibian26 Fish27 Amphibian28 Mammal and bird29 Reptile, fish and amphibian30 Fish, reptile, bird and amphibian31 Mammal32 Mammal, reptile and bird33 Fish and amphibian34 Dicotyledon and monocotyledon

35 Monocotyledon: parallel veins ; Dicotyledon: network veins

36 Monocotyledon: fibrous roots ; Dicotyledon: tap roots37 Monocotyledon: non-woody/soft; Dicotyledon: woody/hard38 Monocotyledon: one; Dicotyledon: two39 (a) Monocotyledon

(b) Monocotyledon(c) Dicotyledon(d) Monocotyledon(e) Dicotyledon(f) Monocotyledon(g) Monocotyledon(h) Dicotyledon

40 Alga, fungus, moss and fern41 Fungus (singular) or fungi (plural). Fungus does not contain chlorophyll42 By spores (fungus, moss and fern) and binary fission (algae)

Chapter 4: Interdependence among Living Organisms and the Environment



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4.1 Analysing the interdependence among living organisms6 Habitat7 Population8 community9 ecosystem

10 Ecology

4.2 Evaluating the interaction between living organisms14 predator15 prey16 Symbiosis17 Commensalism18 Parasitism19 Mutualism20 Competition21 Food and living space/water/mates22 A predator23 (a) Prey-predator

(b) Mutualism(c) Competition(d) Parasitism(e) Commensalism

24 Biological control25 Safe to use and does not pollute the environment26 Owl and rat/Snake and rat

4.3 Synthesising food web11 producers

12 consumers13 decomposers14 Bacteria and fungi15 Food chain16 (a) producer

(e) primary consumer(f) secondary consumer(g) tertiary consumer

17 (a) Increases(d) Decreases(e) Increases

18 Food web

19 Base: Producer; Top: Tertiary consumer20 (a) Decreases

(b) Increases

4.4 Analysing photosynthesis4.5 Evaluating the importance of conservation and preservation of living organisms12 Photosynthesis13 Carbon dioxide, water, sunlight and chlorophyll14 Carbon dioxide + water : glucose + oxygen15 (a) To kill the cells and break the cell walls

(b) To remove chlorophyll(c) To soften the leaf

16 Iodine solution; A dark blue colour appears17 Carbon dioxide



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SCIENCE FORM 2


18 Light energy chemical energy19 Chlorophyll20 To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis21

22 Logging, agriculture and mining/industrialisation/construction

Chapter 5: Water and Solution

5.1 Analysing the physical characteristics of water11 0 oC12 0 oC13 100 oC14 Melting15 Freezing16 Boiling/ Evaporation17 Condensation18 Blue to pink19 White to blue20 (a) Increase the boiling point

(b) Decrease the melting point

(c) Decrease the freezing point

5.2 Analysing the composition of water11 Electrolysis12 A compound13 Hydrogen and oxygen14 2:115 Cathode16 Anode17 Oxygen18 Hydrogen19 Oxygen gas lights up the glowing wooden splinter

20 A pop sound is heard when the hydrogen gas is tested with a lighted wooden splinter

5.3 Analysing the process of evaporation of water13 Surrounding temperature, air humidity, air movement and surface area14 The higher the surrounding temperature, the higher the rate of evaporation of water15 The lower the air humidity (drier air), the higher the rate of evaporation of water16 The faster the air movement, the higher the rate of evaporation of water17 The bigger the surface area, the higher the rate of evaporation of water18 boiling point19 Evaporation20 Boiling21 Evaporation

22 Evaporation23 Evaporation

Green

Photosynthesis

Living

Respiration/

Breathin

Fuel

Burning/

Combustion

Dead

Decomposition

Carbon dioxide

Oxygen



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24 Boiling

5.4 Analysing solution and solubility15 Solvent16 Solute17 Solution

18 Dilute solution19 Concentrated solution20 Saturated solution21 Suspension22 Size of solutes, temperature of solvent, stirring and volume of solvent23 The smaller the size of solute, the faster it dissolves in a solvent24 The warmer the solvent, the faster the solutes dissolves in it25 The solutes dissolve more easily if the solvent is stirred26 The bigger the volume of the solvent, the faster the solutes dissolve in it27 Water28 (a) Alcohol

(j) Turpentine/Kerosene(k) Lime juice(l) Turpentine/Kerosene(m) Sodium chloride solution/Table salt solution

29 (a) Alcohol(b) Turpentine(c) Chloroform(d) Benzene

5.5 Analysing acid and alkali21 Taste sour, corrosive and changes damp blue litmus paper to red pH less than 722 Hydrogen

23 Magnesium + hydrochloric acid magnesium chloride + hydrogen24 Zinc + sulphuric acid zinc sulphate + hydrogen25 Zinc + nitric acid zinc nitrate + hydrogen26 Carbon dioxide27 Taste bitter, corrosive and changes damp red litmus paper to blue/pH more than 7/feel

slippery28Ammonia29 water30 acid31 alkali32 neutral33 Sulphuric acid

34 Formic acid35 Tartaric acid36Ammonia solution37 Neutralisation38 Sodium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid sodium chloride + water39 Titration40 Toothpaste: weak alkaline; gastric pills: alkaline

5.6 Analysing the methods of purification of water12 The most: seawater; The least: rainwater13 Filtration14 The water still contains microorganisms/dissolved substances

15 Boiling and chlorination16 Chlorination



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17 Chlorination18 Boiling19 Microorganisms in the water will be killed.20 Distillation21 No. The water does not contain any dissolved mineral salts22 Distillation

5.7 Analysing the water supply system5.8 Understanding the preservation of water quality7 Coagulation tank Mixing tank Sedimentation tank Filtration tank Chlorination

tank Storage tank8 Alum and slaked lime (or lime)9 Slaked lime10 To kill microorganisms11 To reduce tooth decay12 Domestic waste, industrial waste, chemical substances in agriculture, mud and silt, and

oil spills

Chapter 6: Air Pressure

6.1 Understanding air pressure7 air pressure8

9 Temperature and volume of air10 As the number of gas particles increases, the air pressure also increases11 As the volume of the container decreases, the air pressure increases12 As the temperature increases, the air pressure also increases

6.2 Applying the principle of air pressure6 Syringe, siphon and insecticide spray/drinking straw7 Punch another hole on the tin8 Suction pump9 It condenses and becomes a liquid. Examples are cooking gas cylinder and insecticide

spray/oxygen cylinder/hair spray/perfume.

10 Keep it away from heat sources because it might explode if exposed to heat.

Chapter 7: Dynamics

7.1 Understanding force13 Force changes the shape of an object.14 Force changes the shape of an object.15 Force changes the position of an object.16 Force changes the speed of a moving object.17 Force changes the direction of a moving object.18 Frictional force19 Frictional force

20 Gravitational force21 magnetic force



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SCIENCE FORM 2


22 Electrical force23 Frictional force24 Gravitational force

7.2 Understanding the measurement of force7.3 Application of frictional force

13 Newton, N14 Spring balance15 Frictional force16 Frictional force17

18 The nature of the surfaces in contact and the weight of objects19 The rougher the surface, the greater the frictional force caused by it20 The heavier the object, the greater the frictional force acting on it

21 No22 Using wheels, oil and grease/lubricants/ball bearings/rods23 Water reduces frictional force.24 Friction produces heat, opposes or slows down movement of objects and wears away

materials

7.4 Application of the concept of work7.5 Application of the concept of power11 Work12 Work done = Force Distance13 Joule/J)14 (a) Work is not done

(b) Work is done(c) Work is done(d) Work is not done(e) Work is done

15 Work done = 5 x 20 = 100 J16 Power

17 Power =Time

doneWork

18 Watt/W

19 Power =Time

doneWork=

5

60= 12 W

20 Power = TimedoneWork

= TimeDistanceForce

= 52500

= 200 W

Chapter 8: Support and Movement

8.1 Understanding the support system in animals6 Endoskeleton/Internal skeleton7 By the buoyancy of water8 Exoskeleton/Eexternal skeleton9 Hydrostatic skeleton10 (a) Endoskeleton

(g) Endoskeleton(h) Hydrostatic skeleton



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(i) Hydrostatic skeleton(j) Exoskeleton(k) Buoyancy of water

8.2 Understanding the support system in plants7 Woody tissues

8 Thorns9 Tugor pressure10 Tendrils11 Aquatic plants have lots of air sacs in their leaves and stems12 Aquatic plants

Chapter 9: Stability

9.1 Understanding that the centre of gravity affects stability9.2 Appreciating the importance of stability13 Centre of gravity14 The shape of the object15 At the centre16 The position of the centre of gravity and the base area17 The lower the centre of gravity, the more stable the object18 The bigger the base area, the more stable the object19 Y: Y has a larger base area20 Q: Q has a lower centre of gravity21 A giraffe spreads out its legs to lower the centre of gravity and increase the base area22 Crocodile has low centre of gravity and big base area23 Cupboard and bed24 To lower their centre of gravity in order to achieve stability

Chapter 10: Simple Machine

10.1 Analysing levers11 First-class lever12 Second-class lever13 Third-class lever14 Second and third classes of levers15 (a) Second-class lever

(j) Third-class lever(k) First-class lever

(l) First-class lever(m) Second-class lever(n) First-class lever(o) Second-class lever(p) Third-class lever(q) Third-class lever

16 Fishing rod and ice tongs17 Scissors and crowbar18 Wheelbarrow and paper cutter19 Load distance of the load from the fulcrum = Force distance of the force from the

fulcrum

20 Load = 23100

= 150 N



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BENGKEL

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Lemah

Matematik?

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mi bantu melalui modul yang berkualiti dan terkini .Buku yang diterbitkan ialah:

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SCIENCE FORM 2 (Q&A)