1

Director's Corner....................2

Student News....................3

Laser Eye and SensorProtection.......................4

Faculty News.......................5

GOES/SXI Team AdoptsCREOL X-ray TelescopeDesign...........................7

Papers/Talks Published....9

Winter 2000

continued...page 2

School of Optics/CREOLSchool of Optics/CREOL

HIGHLIGHTSHIGHLIGHTSBill Schwartz: Friend, force behind CREOL

by Dr. MJ Soileau

As another outstand-ing group of stu-

dents graduate from CREOLand move on to make theirmark in the optics world, I amreminded anew of a goodfriend’s passing nearly sixmonths ago. It is largely be-cause of Bill Schwartz’s ef-forts that our students are ableto receive the quality educa-tion required to keep the op-tics industry thriving. Bill’sfarsighted efforts in the for-mation of CREOL and his enduring com-mitment to scholarship continue to influ-ence students and have an impact on in-dustry.

Bill’s involvement in laser research,development, and production began in1961, shortly after the laser was inventedin 1960. He was a founding Director andPresident of the Laser Institute ofAmerica (LIA), the country’s oldest la-ser trade association. He was awardedthe Arthur L. Schalow Award by the LIAin 1999.

Bill is perhaps best known as presi-dent and chief executive officer ofSchwartz Electro-Optics, Inc. (SEO), acompany he founded in 1983. SEO de-signs and manufactures laser and electro-optical products for government and com-mercial applications.

Bill was the true pioneer ofFlorida’s laser industry. His influence canbe readily seen in the numbers: Laserresearch groups or companies he hasheaded have been the source of 15 ofOrlando’s 40 laser companies and orga-nizations. For 15 years, prior to formingSEO, Bill was president and CEO of In-ternational Laser Systems (ILS), a com-pany he founded in 1968. A nationallyknown supplier of military laser systems,ILS was purchased by Litton in 1983 and

is now named LittonLaser Systems (LLS).Before forming ILS,Bill was employed byLockheed Martin’s Or-lando division, where heheaded up laser re-search, development,and production pro-grams.

Bill’s interest ineducation took a philan-thropic bent followinghis days as a student.He received his BS de-gree in 1950 from the

University of Chicago and his MSdegree in 1951 from the Universityof Missouri, both in Mathematics,and completed additional graduatework at UCLA. In 1985 he wasawarded a Ph.D. (Honorary) in En-gineering Science from the Univer-sity of Central Florida. He was amember of Pi Nu Epsilon, Tau BetaPi and Phi Theta Kappa, honorarymathematics, engineering and scho-lastic fraternities.

When I was contemplatingtaking the position of director ofCREOL, Bill, who was chair ofCREOL’s Industrial AdvisoryBoard, influenced me with the clar-ity of his vision. The first companyspin-off from UCF in which theuniversity maintained an equityshare was in partnership with Bill.From the day I took the job he be-gan to teach me the importance ofpartnership between the university,industry and the entire community.

It was a practice he took toheart. Aside from serving on far-reaching state and communityboards dedicated to enhancing theavailability and quality of highereducation in our state, he took a spe-

Bill Schwartz's commitmentto education wasevidenced by his actions.

2

Director's Corner

I’m still here, and we are stillsearching for a permanent

director (it’s hard to get fired whenthe job market is so active and thereare so many opportunities). Speak-ing of the job market, our gradu-ates are getting multiple lucrativeoffers from industry, some withsigning bonuses and most withstock options. This tight market hasrapidly pushed salaries to very highlevels. This creates wonderful op-portunities for students, but alsocauses some interesting problemsfor an educational institution. Infact, faculty are leaving universi-ties for offers in industry “theycan’t refuse” - academic salarieslag behind. In addition some pro-fessors are starting their own com-panies. We now have four facultymembers on, or going on, partialleaves of absence to start compa-nies. We view this as a positivemove since part of our mission iseconomic development in additionto workforce development, but wesincerely hope that these facultymembers will return full time toshare their experiences with stu-dents (and faculty) when their com-panies are off to a good start andunder control. And if they are su-per successful, perhaps they’ll en-dow chairs, student fellowships,etc. in the School of Optics. Goodluck to them! (see article byGuifang Li and Patrick LiKamWaon Optium. They will be on partialleaves beginning in January as willNabeel Riza).

I am happy to announce thatwe have attracted Dr. Shin-TsonWu to the faculty of the School of

Dr. Eric Van Stryland

Optics under the PREP - ProvostResearch Enhancement Programdesigned for senior research faculty.He will join us next year from HRLLaboratories - formerly HughesResearch Labs in Malibu. His ex-pertise is in liquid crystal devices forInternet appliances, mobile commu-nications and optical communica-tions. Dr. Wu is coauthor of twobooks: Optics and Nonlinear Opticsof Liquid Crystals (with I.C. Khoo),and Reflective Liquid Crystal Dis-plays (with D. K. Yang). He holds18 patents on liquid crystal technolo-gies.

Based on his outstanding con-tributions, Shin-Tson received the2000 SID Special RecognitionAward. Shin-Tson is also an OSAFellow. We look forward to his ar-rival.

UCF has grown to about34,000 students (destined to growto 47,000 within 7 years), and theSchool of Optics/CREOL is grow-ing with it. This gives us the oppor-tunity to respond to the needs of in-dustry in the burgeoning field ofPhotonics. Therefore, we have de-cided to make a major expansioninto this field and are seeking lead-ers and team players to help form afaculty research and educationforce for this photonics revolutionof the 21st century. A search com-mittee has been established to re-cruit multiple scientist/engineer/edu-cators to help lead the School ofOptics/CREOL’s activities inphotonics education and research.This major new incentive will sig-nificantly expand our five memberfaculty team in photonics and opti-cal communications and we areseeking faculty at Asst./Assoc./Fullprofessor levels including PREPpositions.

We are also beginning plan-ning our Industrial Affiliates Day,which is scheduled for April 6, 2001.I am happy to announce that Dr.Milton Chang, who has several suc-cess stories including his latest withNew Focus, has agreed to speak.This day will also be an opportunityto meet our students, so please markyour calendars.

cial interest in the Orlando ScienceCenter, bringing the joy of discov-ery to the community’s youngestmembers.

He was a tireless advocate ofeconomic development, serving, atvarious times, as Chairman of theGovernors Florida Defense Indus-try Task Force, as a member of theMid-Florida Industrial DevelopmentCommission (IDC), the Florida Del-egation to the National Small Busi-ness High Technology Conferenceand as a Director and Chairman ofthe Board of Directors of the En-terprise Florida Technology Part-nership. During his tenure as Chair-man of IDC, Central Florida led thestate in industrial growth, account-ing for 23 percent of the state’s newindustrial projects in 1983, as com-piled by the Department of Com-merce and 29 percent in 1984.

And he devoted equal passionto the United Way, Arts United ofCentral Florida, the Boy Scouts andhis church. Perhaps unknown tosome Bill spent the last 27 years asa singer with the Bach FestivalChoir at Rollins College, recentlytouring with the group in Italy, andhe frequently played the flute at theFirst United Methodist Church inOrlando.

Awards and recognitions Billhas received run the gamut frombeing honored as Florida’s Indus-trialist of the Year Award by theTampa Museum of Science andIndustry, 1987 to being named a Fel-low, Laser Institute of America in1993. He was especially delightedby the establishment of the UCFSchool of Optics, William C.Schwartz Endowed Graduate Fel-lowship Fund in 1999. While at-tending a UCF graduation cer-emony just last spring to celebratehis establishment of the first com-pany in which UCF holds an equitypartnership role, he reveled in theactivities, seemingly as thrilled asthe students lined up to begin theirnew ventures. So it was especiallyjarring to hear of his death of a heartattack just three months later.Many in our industry have been in-fluenced in some way by Bill’s ef-forts. And because of his vision,future generations will be as well.

Schwartz (cont.)

3

The CREOL fall picnic washeld in November at Jetty

Park in Cocoa Beach. As is evi-denced by the photos, students andstaff made the most of the oppor-tunity to unwind and enjoy goodcompany and a fine day.

Patrick L. Thompson com-pleted his PhD Degree in Optics bysuccessfully defending his disserta-tion entitled Optical Performanceof Grazing Incidence X-ray/EUVTelescopes for Space Science Ap-plications on May 26, 2000. He isnow employed by the Applied Phys-ics Laboratory at John Hopkins Uni-versity in Baltimore, MD.

One of our Ph. D. students,Jihua Du, won second prize for hispaper entitled Laser Marginal LapMicro-Welding for Ultra ThinSheet Metal in the Student PaperCompetition at the InternationalCongress on Applications of Lasersand Electro-Optics, 2000(ICALEO’00), Detroit, Michigan,October 2-5. He has accepted a

position with Lucent Technology,Inc., Allentown, Pennsylvania.

The OSA Student Chapterat the School of Optics/CREOL haswon the first annual OutstandingStudent Chapter Award establishedby the Optical Society of Americain recognition of remarkableachievements as programs and ac-tivities. OSA considered that thehard work and dedication of the stu-dent chapter volunteers is uniqueand deserves to be rewarded. Re-alization of display projects,CREOL laboratory tour guiding,meetings with the new students to

SchwartzFellowship Fund

The Schwartz FellowshipFund has been created in honor ofBill Schwartz for all he has done tohelp CREOL, and the laser and op-tics industry in Central Florida. In-come from it will support studentfellowships. Dr. Van Strylandwould be happy to discuss a dona-tion with you at 407-823-6834.

Student News

In the annual tug-of-war the old guysstruggled but couldn't hold on to a victory.

Students and staff catch up on news.

New methods of transportation wereexplored during the annual Fall affair.

introduce them in the academiccommunity, organization of Facultyand Student Seminars, active par-ticipation at the Industrial AffiliatesDay, organization of picnics andparties (CREOL Fall Picnic, Holi-day Party, The Spring Thing) arejust a few of the student activitiesthat were greatly appreciated byOSA through this award. Our chap-ter received $1,000 and a certifi-cate. The certificate has been dis-played in CREOL’s lobby, and themoney was used for purchasing ofa laptop computer. Any timeCREOL students go to confer-ences, they will be able to use thislaptop for much nicer and more pro-fessional looking presentations thanon transparencies.

Gabriel Popescu traveled tothe Topical Meeting on Photon Cor-relation and Scattering, held inWhistler, Canada. This trip waspartially funded from his CharlesGramm Travel Award received ear-lier this year.

Prof. Moharam was voted teacher of theyear by students of CAOS.

Picnic goers get in the spin of things.

4

Insights into CREOL Research

Laser Eye and Sensor Protection

0.0001

0.001

0.01

0.1

1

0 5000 10000 15000

Input Energy (?J)

Log

(En

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(?J)

)

In recent years, considerableeffort has been put into developingnew materials and devices for highperformance optical limiting devicesto protect sensitive optical elements,detectors and eyes against exposureto high intensity laser pulses. Opti-cal limiters (OL) are devices thatexhibit high transmittance for lowinputs and low transmittance forhigh inputs. This often requires us-ing nonlinear transmissive proper-ties of materials such as two-pho-ton absorption, excited-state ab-sorption or refraction, and/or non-linear scattering. These optical de-vices are designed to keep the en-ergy, fluence, power, or irradiancetransmitted below some specifiedmaximum value, independent of themagnitude of the input.

Photochromic sunglasses arean example of such a nonlinear de-vice, however, the speed of the re-sponse is about 10 orders of mag-nitude too slow to protect againstQ-switched laser pulses. In addi-tion the maximum optical densitywhen darkened is not large enoughto be effective for protection. Theperformance of an optical limitercan be measured by its dynamicrange, DR. The DR is defined as

the ratio of linear transmittance tothe minimum transmittance at highenergy (TL /Tmin). This minimumtransmittance occurs just below theenergy at which the limiting deviceitself is damaged by the laser. Manydifferent nonlinear processes in dif-ferent materials have been studiedfor optical limiting and researchersat CREOL have pioneered many ofthese studies as well as developingunique designs and building opticallimiters that best utilize thematerial’s nonlinear response.

In one of the best limiters todate, Reverse Saturable Absorberdyes, RSA, (organic dyes that showa strong excited-state absorption) in

a multiple cell, tandem geometry aDR >400 was obtained. This ge-ometry and device was invented bythe CREOL NLO group.

However, recently, a new ge-ometry has been used by the NLOgroup to obtain over an order ofmagnitude increase in DR while in-creasing the linear transmittance.Based on an f/5, cascaded-focus,(dual focus) optical geometry, a DR> 35000 has been demonstrated.

A 2-cm-thick carbon disulfidecell at the first focus provided a pro-tective buffer for a 0.1-mm thickRSA solution made of lead phtha-locyanine (PbPc(CP)4) in chloro-form placed at the second focus.The device was tested using a fre-quency-doubled, Q-switched, 5-ns,full-width at half-maximum(FWHM), single-longitudinal mode,Nd:YAG laser at a 10-Hz repeti-tion rate. It has been shown that theencircled energy (defined as thetransmittance through a 1.5 mradaperture) is a good measure of thedamage threshold energy of thehuman eye, so this was the quan-tity measured. The high perfor-mance of this new optical limiter isdue to the strong self-focusing inCS2 due to both the reorientational

continued...page 7

The Nonlinear Optics group takes time out for a photo outside the CREOL building.

by the Nonlinear Optics group

7

CREOL Technology Fuels Startups

Dr. Peter Delfyett gavethe Keynote Presenta-

tion at this year's National ScienceFoundation Presidential Early Ca-reer Awards for Scientist and En-gineers Award Ceremony on Oc-tober 24. The NSF PECASE isawarded each year to the nation’stop 20 young scientists and engi-neers. This year’s recipients wereselected from more than 1800applicants.The 20 awardees wereidentified as the most outstandingof the roughly 350 NSF CareerAward recipients. Dr. Delfyett wasasked to discuss his thoughts on thechanging directions in academia andthe importance of integrating re-search and education activities. Healso provided numerous exampleson how he has been able to lever-age his PECASE award to his ad-vantage in achieving his goals.

A. Kar was recently electeda Fellow of the Laser Institute of

Faculty News

A m e r i c a . T h eLAMMMP (Laser-Aided Manufacturing,Materials and Micro-Processing) group,headed by Kar, has suc-cessfully completed aSTTR Phase II projectentitled Innovative Ap-plications of Ad-vanced Photonics -Precision Laser Weld-ing of Thin-Sheet Met-als for Gasket Fabri-cation, in collaborationwith Joe Longobardi,President, Metal TechIndustries, Inc.

This project was awarded theFifth Annual Tibbetts Award in Oc-tober by the U.S. Small BusinessAdministration, Washington, D.C.,in recognition of its unique contri-bution as a Model of Excellence forthe Small Business Innovation Re-search Program.

James E. Harvey has beenelected to the Board of Directorsof SPIE-The International Societyfor Optical Engineering.

Harvey has also been ap-pointed to the Editorial AdvisoryBoard of the new SPIE publicationcalled oemagazine.

Two faculty members atCREOL/School of Optics, Drs.Guifang Li and PatrickLiKamWa are taking partialleaves of absence for a periodof two years in order to devotetheir attention to the creation ofa local start-up company. Optium Inc. is developingoptical networking technology.The University owns an equitystake in this venture and is ex-cited about its potential outcome.

One of CREOL’s goals isto transfer technology into indus-try in the local area and it hasbeen quite successful in doing soby a variety of mechanisms suchas writing joint proposals with in-dustry partners, doing industrysponsored work and graduatingM.S. and Ph.D. students whotake up employment in local in-dustry as well as individual fac-ulty consulting for local industry.Another effective way of trans-

ferring technology into the localindustry is for faculty to partici-pate in the formation of new com-panies. This is especially effec-tive when the technology is newand very different from technolo-gies in existing local industry. Sev-eral such new “start-ups” havealready been formed in the lastcouple of years. Drs. Nabeel Rizaand Bruce Chi have also takenleaves to work on developingstartup companies.

Optium adds yet anotherpiece to the variety of opticaltechnologies being commercial-ized in the Central Florida area.Optium would provide more high-tech jobs to the area and it ishoped that an avalanche of suchenterprises would ensue.

On the down side, theSchool of Optics is finding itselfhaving to deal with a temporaryshortage of faculty as this excit-ing trend continues.

Dr. Peter Delfyett presents the Keynote Presentation theNational Science Foundation Presidential Early CareerAwards for Scientist and Engineers Award Ceremony.

AC Kerr effect and electrostriction,which causes optical breakdown inthe liquid CS2 (this rapidly selfheals). This effect limits the trans-mitted energy incident on the RSAcell, keeping it below its damagethreshold. The overall encircledenergy output was limited below0.400 ? J (see Fig.1), which is be-low the human eye damage thresh-old, even for inputs greater than 57mJ (maximum available energyfrom the laser) – and the devicenever showed evidence of damage.

The output should remainclamped for much higher input en-ergies. The low irradiance transmit-tance for the dye solution was 56% and the total linear transmissionfor the entire system was measuredas 25% including parasitic reflec-tion losses from uncoated optics.

By optimizing the setup thetotal linear transmittance should in-crease to nearly 56 %.

Laser Eye (cont.)

8

In support of research aimedat nondestructive, three-di-

mensional imaging of polymer com-posites and biological systems,funding was received from the Na-tional Science Foundation and UCFPresidential Initiative to enable usto build a two-photon confocal la-ser scanning microscopy systemwith a tunable femtosecond laser.This system is also the platform forour research in three-dimensionalmicrofabrication via two-photon in-duced polymerization. Syntheticefforts are directed towards pre-paring multiphoton absorbing or-ganic dyes for use in site-specificlabeling of polymeric compositesand biological cells. We have re-cently acquired a time-resolved andsteady state luminescence spec-troscopy system for the character-ization of these dyes through fund-ing from the UCF Presidential Ini-tiative and the Research Corpora-tion. The inherently high degree ofthree-dimensional spatial resolutionpossible from multiphoton excitationis being harnessed to investigatenear-IR multiphoton-induced pho-tochemistry, with applications inmicrofabrication, holographic opti-

Three-Dimensional Imaging and Microfabrication

cal data storage, and three-dimen-sional photochemical transforma-tions in both the liquid and solidstates. This work is supportedthrough grants from the ResearchCorporation and the Petroleum Re-search Fund of the AmericanChemical Society. Prof. Eric W.Van Stryland and David J. Hagancollaborate with us in this research.

We have taken great stridesin elucidating conditions formicrofabrication via two-photon in-duced polymerization using bothcommercially availablephotoinitiators and specially de-signed initiators.

This research promises tohelp us develop a thorough under-standing of multiphoton-inducedpolymerization while facilitatingtransition of this technology fromthe research laboratory to prototypemanufacturing.

Efforts now focus on broad-ening the scope of two-photon po-lymerization and themicrofabrication of functional poly-meric microstructures. Results ofour research have recently beenpublished in the Journal of theAmerican Chemical Society.

We have successfully synthe-

sized a number of organic moleculesthat undergo efficient two-photonabsorption and upconverted fluores-cence emission. These materialsare particularly important in the fastemerging field of nondestructivemultiphoton fluorescence imaging.To date, our investigations includeinvestigating the micromorphologyof interfaces in polymer compositeswith an aim towards developing atechnique for nondestructive failureanalysis and prediction in multicom-ponent devices. We are also prob-ing cancer cell structure and func-tion through two-photon fluores-cence imaging studies using ourtwo-photon absorbing dyes. Recentpublications in Organic Letters,Chemistry of Materials, and theJournal of Organic Chemistryhighlight our accomplishments. Ourwork in microfabrication, two-pho-ton fluorescence imaging, and two-photon induced photochromism willbe featured in an upcoming issueof the Journal of Physical Or-ganic Chemistry.

Our research involves a num-ber of international collaborations,including scientists from theUkraine and China.

First Name Last Name Degree Date Supervisor

Tim Alderson MS Optics Fall 2000 Non-ThesisLuis Archundia Berra MS Optics Fall 2000 DelfyettSimona Codreanu MS Physics Fall 2000 Hagan/Van StrylandXuesong Dong Ph.D. EE Fall 2000 Li Kam WaJihua Du Ph.D. MMAE Fall 2000 KarJennifer Huddle MS Mat'l Science Fall 2000 Chow/BassCorey Lapine MS Optics Fall 2000 LiEric Nelson MS Optics Fall 2000 PealeSarun Sumriddetchkajorn Ph.D. OSE Fall 2000 RizaJesse Tawney MS EE Fall 2000 RichardsonSidney Yang Ph.D. EE Fall 2000 Van Stryland/Hagan

CREOL GraduatesThe following CREOL Graduate Research Assistants have recently achieved educational milestones:

by Dr. Kevin D. Belfield

9

Papers Presented at Conferences:

R. C. Catura, M. E. Bruner, P. R. Catura, B.K. Jurcevich, C. Kam, J. R. Lemen, S.B. Meyer, M. D. Morrison, M. B.Magida, P. B. Reid, J. E. Harvey, and P.L. Thompson, "Performance of the En-gineering Model X-ray Mirror of theSoft X-ray Imager for Future GOESMissions," presented at SPIE’s Interna-tional Symposium on Optical Scienceand Technology, San Diego, CA, August2000; published in Proc. SPIE 4138-08(August 2000).

J. E. Harvey and A. Krywonos, "A Sys-tems Engineering Analysis of ImageQuality," presented at SPIE’s Interna-tional Symposium on Optical Scienceand Technology, San Diego, CA, August2000; published in Proc. SPIE 4093B-50 (August 2000).

J. E. Harvey and P. L. Thompson, "Hyper-boloid-Hyperboloid Grazing IncidenceX-ray Telescope Designs for Wide-fieldImaging Applications," presented atSPIE’s Astromomical Telescope and In-strumentation Symposium, Munich,Germany. Proc. SPIE 4012-33 (March2000).

A. Dogariu and G. Popescu, "Dynamic mul-tiple light scattering in sub-diffusive re-gimes," Photon Correlation and Scatter-ing, Topical Meeting of OSA, Whistler,Canada, 2000.

A. N. Rissanou, S. H. Anastasiadis, I. A.Bitsanis, J. de Joannis, C. Mujat, andA. Dogariu, "Information content ofmultiple light scattering data: MonteCarlo and laboratory experiments," Pho-ton Correlation and Scattering, TopicalMeeting of OSA, Whistler, Canada,2000.

M. Mujat and A. Dogariu, "Structure-in-duced polarization features in scatteringfrom collections of nonspherical par-ticles," Fifth International Conference onScattering from Nonspherical Particles,Halifax, Canada, 2000.

N. Rissanou, S. H. Anastasiadis, I. A.Bitsanis, C. Mujat and A. Dogariu, "Theinformation content of multiple scatter-ing data: Monte-Carlo and laboratoryexperiments," ECIS Conference, Patras,Greece, 2000.

G. Popescu and A. Dogariu, "Dynamic scat-tering with low-coherence light fields,"OSA Annual Meeting, Long Island,2000.

P. LiKamWa, "Semiconductor Optoelec-tronic Switches for High Speed DataCommunications," Photonics North,ICAPT-2000, Quebec, Canada.

C. Kim, P. LiKamWa, P. Newman, J.Pamulapati, "Ultrafast All-Optical Inte-grated Optic Switch Realized by Selec-tive Area Multi-Quantum Well Disor-dering," Proceedings of IntegratedPhotonics Research - 2000, Quebec,Canada.

I. Shubin, P. LiKamWa, "Micro-Electro-Mechanically Actuated Integrated Op-tic Switch for NxN Optical Cross-Con-nect Matrix Array," Proceedings ofIntregrated Photonics Research - 2000,Quebec, Canada.

I. Shubin, P. LiKamWa, "A Guided-WaveOptical Switch Controlled by a Micro-Electro-Mechanical Cantilever," Pro-ceedings of LEOS-2000, Puerto Rico.

C. Kim, D. May-Arrioga, P. LiKamWa, P.Newman, J. Pamulapati, "Monolithical-ly Integrated Ultrafast All-Optical De-multiplexer Switch," Proceedings ofLEOS-2000, Puerto Rico.

Seminar Presentations:

J. E. Harvey, "Diffracted Radiance: A Funda-mental Quantity in Non-Paraxial ScalarDiffraction Theory," Zeiss Optics Works,Uberkochen, Germany, April 4, 2000.

C. DePriest, I. Nitta, E. Park, J. Abeles, J.Connolly, P. J. Delfyett, "Single and mul-tiwavelength modelocked semiconductordiode lasers for applications in photonicanalog to digital converters," in Conferenceon Lasers and Electro Optics, OSA Tech-nical Digest (Optical Society of America,Washington, D.C., 2000), CFM-4.

B. Mathason, P. J. Delfyett, "Experiment andsimulation of lockup time and dephasingtime for all optical clock recovery with amodelocked semiconductor laser system,"Conference on Lasers and Electro Optics,OSA Technical Digest (Optical Societyof America, Wash., D.C.,2000), CMY-3.

C. Depriest, J. Abeles, A. Braun, P. J.Delfyett, "Noise reduction and control inmodelocked semicondutor diode lasers foruse in next generation all optical analog todigital converters," SPIE - Aerosense(April 2000).

E. Park, J. Abeles, A. Braun, P. J. Delfyett,"Multiwavelength generation at 1.55 mi-crons from an external cavity semiconduc-tor laser," SPIE - Aerosense - (April 2000).

P. J. Delfyett, "Towards terabit networking,instrumentation, and signal processing us-ing hybrid WDM-TDM technologies,"SPIE Annual Meeting - San Diego, CA Au-gust, 2000. (INVITED).

P. J. Delfyett, "The future of optical switchtechnology - from components to systemarchitecture," SPIE Annual Meeting - SanDiego, CA, August 2000 (INVITED -PLENARY).

P. J. Delfyett, "Ultrafast optics for informa-tion systems," Optics and InformationTechnical Group Meeting, SPIE AnnualMeeting, San Diego, CA 2000. (INVITEDPANEL).

P. J. Delfyett, "Applications of hybrid WDM-TDM technologies," LEOS DistinguishedLecturer, Air Force Rome Labs, RomeN.Y., August, 2000. (INVITED).

C. Deprist, I. Nitta, J. Abeles, P. J. Delfyett,"Modelocked semiconductor laser clocksfor applications in photonic analog to digi-tal converters," LEOS Annual Meeting,Puerto Rico, Nov, 2000.

J. E. Harvey, A. Krywonos, and P. L. Th-ompson, "Grazing Incidence Hyperbo-loid-Hyperboloid Designs for Wide-fieldX-ray Imaging Applications," Appl. Opt.40 (January 2001).

P. L. Thompson and J. E. Harvey, "A Sys-tems Engineering Analysis of AplanaticWolter Type I X-ray Telescopes," Opt.Eng. 39, 1677-1691 (June 2000).

J. Du, J. Longobardi, W. P. Latham, and A.Kar, "Weld Geometry and TensileStrength in Laser-Welded Thin SheetMetals," Science and Technology ofWelding and Joining, 2000, 304-309.

U. Tanriver, J. Longobardi, W. P. Latham, andA. Kar, "Effects of Absorptivity, Shield-ing Gas Speed and Contact Media forSheet Metal Laser Welding," Science andTechnology of Welding and Joining, 2000,310-316.

W. Guo, and A. Kar, "Determination of WeldPool Shape and Temperature Distributionby Solving a Three-Dimensional PhaseChange Heat Conduction Problem," Sci-ence and Technology of Welding and Join-ing, 2000, 317-323.

F. J. Kahlen, and A. Kar, "Thermal and Di-mensional Characteristics of Vapor-Plasma Plume and layer Deposition inLaser-Aided Rapid Manufacturing," Spe-cial issue on Laser Materials Processingin Int. J. High Temp. Material Processes,2000, 161-199.

J. Gonzalez, C. Fumeaux, J. Alda, G.Boreman, "Thermal-impedance model ofelectrostatic discharge effects onmicrobolometers," Microwave and Op-tical Technology Letters 26, 291-3(2000).

C. Fumeaux, M. Gritz, I. Codreanu, W.Schaich, F. Gonzalez, G. Boreman, "Mea-surement of the resonant lengths of in-frared dipole antennas," Infrared Phys-ics and Technology 41, 271-81 (2000).

G. Boreman, A. Dogariu, C. Christodoulou,C. Fumeaux, "Polarization-Tunable An-tenna-Coupled Infrared Detector," USPatent 6,037,590.

P. J. Delfyett, "Optical Time Division Mul-tiplexed Networks," Optics Handbook -Volume IV, Optical Society of America,(2000). (Book Chapter).

B. K. Mathason, P. J. Delfyett, "Pulsed in-jection locking dynamics of passivelymode-locked external-cavity semiconduc-tor laser systems for all-optical clock re-covery," IEEE Journal of LightwaveTechnology, Vol. 18, no. 8, 1111-1120,(2000).

S. Gee, G. Alphonse, J. Connolly, P. J.Delfyett, "Intracavity spectral shapingand chirp tailoring in external cavitymodelocked diode lasers," IEEE Journalof Quantum Electronics, Vol. 36, no. 9,1035-1040, (2000).

P. J. Delfyett, B. Mathason, I. Nitta, H. Shi,"Novel multiwavelength modelockedsemicondutor lasers, - physics and ap-plications," International Journal of HighSpeed Electronics and Systems, Vol. 10,No. 1, 309-317 (2000).

P. J. Delfyett, "Light emitting diodes and la-ser diodes: Implications for hazard as-sessment," et al., International Commis-sion on Non-ionizing Radiation Protec-tion (ICNIRP), in Health Physics, Vol.78, No. 6, 744-752, (2000).

G. Stegeman, R. Schiek, H. Fang, R.Malendevich, "Periodic spatial instabili-ties of high intensity beams inwaveguides," CLEO/QELS 2001 meeting,Baltimore, Maryland, May 2001 (in-vited).

H. Fang, R. Malendevich, G.I. Stegeman, R.Schiek, "Characterization of spatial

modulational instability of second-ordernonlinear eigenmodes in a slab waveguide,"NLO 2000 meeting, Kauai, HI, August2000.

L. Friedrich, R.R. Malendevich, G.I.Stegeman, J.M. Soto-Crespo, N.N.Akhmediev, J.S. Aitchison, "Are spatialsolitons of both polarizations stable inKerr slab waveguides?," QELS 2000 Tech-nical Digest, 234-235.

H. Fang, R. Malendevich, R. Schiek, G.I.Stegeman, "Spatial modulational instabil-ity in one-dimensional LiNbO3 slabwaveguides," QELS 2000 Technical Di-gest, 232-233.

G. Popescu and A. Dogariu, "Ballistic attenu-ation of low-coherence optical fields,"Appl. Opt. 39, Nr. 25, 4469-4472, (2000).

G. Popescu, C. Mujat, and A. Dogariu, "Evi-dence of scattering anisotropy effects onboundary conditions of the diffusion equa-tion," Phys. Rev. E 61, 4253-4259,(2000).

C. Kim, D. A. May-Arrioja, P. LiKamWa, P.Newman, and J. Pamulapati, "Ultrafastall-optical multiple quantum well inte-grated optic switch," Electronics Lett., Vol36 (23), 2000.

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