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Academy of Paris
Paris Descartes University Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris
School of dental surgery http//www.odontologie.univ-paris5.fr
ECTS programme 2008 – 2009 guide
European Community Course Credit Transfer System
Co-ordinator
Gérard Lévy
Professor Gérard Lévy School of dental surgery 1, rue Maurice Arnoux
92120 Montrouge France
Telephone: +33 1 58 07 68 18 (from abroad)Fax: (+) 33 1 58 07 67 33
E-mail : [email protected]
Secretary
Jonathan Gallerne School of dental surgery
Secretary’s office ERASMUS 1, rue Maurice Arnoux 92120 Montrouge
France Telephone: (+) 33 1 58 07 67 28 (from abroad)
01 58 07 67 28 (in France) Fax: (+) 33 1 58 07 67 33
E-mail : [email protected]
Political and administrative head office of Paris 5 university
Office of international relations 12, rue de l’École de Médecine – 75006 Paris - France
tel: +33 1 40 46 17 70 Fax: +33 1 40 46 16 19
E-mail: [email protected]
Summary
Erasmus - Socrates : student mobility
Language assistance – ECTS system of courses ------------------------------------------------------1
Student life in Paris-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
Libraries ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
Introduction, the ECTS department --------------------------------------------------------------------4
The curriculum----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6
The ECTS system for dental courses credits ----------------------------------------------------------8
Facilities----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19
Clinical/Academic Organisational Structures for school and hospital ------------------------ 25
Staff ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 26
Involvement in other University Activities ---------------------------------------------------------- 30
Recreation and Sport------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30
1
Language assistance
The Paris Descartes University contains a technical centre for languages that offers French language courses for foreign students.
Centre Technique de Langues 45, rue des Saints Pères, F-75270 Paris Cedex 06 - France Telephone: (+) 33 1 42 86 33 25 - Fax: (+) 33 1 42 86 33 27 e-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.ctl.univ-paris5.fr
Student life in Paris – Some practical information
Administrative procedures A web site for assistance: www.egide.asso.fr
Required documents: - identity card or passport - photos of identification - birth certificate translated into French - proof of insurance coverage (it is possible, after your arrival, to subscribe to an insurance
plan that is comparable to those for French students) - E 111 and/or E 128 form for illness insurance (“sécurité sociale”) - Student card of your university - proof of financial means - proof of residence in Paris - proof of income or scholarship - proof of French-speaking
Carte de séjour (permission to stay): Refer to the documents cited above. The carte de séjour is obtained at the Prefecture of Police. Check with the Bureau for foreign students at the University: Division de la Scolarité, Bureau des étudiants étrangers, 12, rue de l’Ecole de Médecine, 75006 Paris Tel: (+) 33 1 404 61773
Getting around
The metro is the quickest and cheapest mean. There are several possibilities: - a single ticket: 1,60 € - a “carnet” or book of 10 tickets: 11,40 € - a “carte orange” or orange card: 55,10 € for two zones (see a map of the metro). Depending on your place
of lodging, you may need a “carte orange” covering more than two zones. Metro tickets and “carte orange” coupons are sold at metro stations and tobacco shops. (called “tabac”).
- Paris City provides cheap facilities to rent bikes over Paris intra-muros : http://www.velib.paris.fr/abonnements_et_tarifs
For telecommunications
- Telephone cards of 50 or 120 units are sold at post offices, metro stations, and tobacco stores. To call abroad, dial 00 followed by the country code.
- The University will be able to give students a personal e-mail address. - A computer room is available free of charge for accessing the Internet.
For your budgeting purposes
- For temporary lodgings count on paying 300,00 € per week. - For permanent accommodations expect to pay around 1000,00 €, a security deposit and the first month of
rent.
For an average monthly budget
Food 400,00€ City transport 60,00 € Lodging 1000,00 € TOTAL 1460,00€ some will need to add pocket money
2
Meals
The student card of Paris Descartes university gives access to the University restaurants (list available from the Bureau of Foreign Students of Paris Descartes University). A traditional meal costs about 3,00€. These restaurants also offer quick restaurant service payable in cash (brasserie, cafeteria, express grill).
Lodging
A list of addresses and rates is available at the secretary’s office of ERASMUS at the dental school or at the Bureau for foreign students of the University of Paris 5.
Aid with lodging can be granted under certain conditions for helping students pay their rent for residence or private housing.
For supplementary information, a brochure titled “Mobilité étudiante guide d’informations pratiques” (Student abroad guide of practical information) is available at the secretary’s office of ERASMUS at the Institute of Psychology or at the Bureau of Foreign Students of University of Paris 5.
Some useful addresses:
To the university central office of international relations Bureau des relations internationales, 12 rue de l'École de Médecine 75006
Open from Monday to Friday : 9 H-12 H et 13 H 30-16 H 30, tel: +331 40 46 17 70 - Fax: (+) 33 1 40 46 16 19 Aile gauche - Couloir St germain : Foreign students office. Aile droite - (Students affairs) Galerie Pasteur – Porte A4 : Alain Bernard, (administrative assistance) Tel : + 33 (0)1 40 46 17 50 [email protected]
Joint Diplôma office: Aile droite - (Students affairs) Galerie Pasteur entresol : Nathalie Lefèvre, (Application office) Tel : + 33 (0)1 40 46 17 52 [email protected]
Aile gauche, niveau 1 :Academic information : Tel : + 33 (0)1 40 46 16 50
Open from Tuesday till Thursday 11.00 to 17.00
Counselling. On Wednesday from 9h30 to 12h30 E-Mail : [email protected]
CROUS – Service accueil étrangers 39, avenue Georges Bernanos 75231 Paris cedex 05 Tél : +33 1 40 51 36 17 à 22 Web : www.crous-paris.fr
Cité Internationale Universitaire de Paris (CIUP) Service d’admission 19, boulevard Jourdan 75014 Paris Tél : + 33 1 44 16 64 41 – Web : http://www.ciup.fr
Université Paris 5 12, rue de l'école de Médecine 75006 Paris Tél: + 33 1 40 46 16 39 Web : www.univ-paris5.fr
or to the Ambassy of your country.
MNEF Réseau Campus Résidences 27, rue de Linné 75005 Paris
3
Libraries
Bibliothèque universitaire d'odontologie (Montrouge)
1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge. Tel : 01.58.07.68.21 - 01.58.07.68.19 Fax : 01.58.07.68.20 Métro : Porte d’Orléans - Bus PC (Porte de Châtillon), 194, 295, 126. 4th floor : for dental students and researchers 2nd floor : reading room (19 seats) and videotapes. Open : From Monday to Friday : 9h30 – 18h00
Bibliothèque du Centre Universitaire des Saints Pères
Bâtiment Jacob ; 1er étage 45 rue des Saints Pères 75270 Paris ; cedex 06 Tel : 01.42.86.33.31 Public transport : Metro : line 4, station "St Germain des prés" Bus : 39, 63, 86, 87, 95 Phone contact : Sylvain Akchar, Tel : 01.42.86.33.19 Fax : 01.42.86.33.20 E-mail : [email protected]
Bibliothèque interuniversitaire de Médecine (BIUM)
12 rue de l'École de Médecine, 75270 Paris cedex 06, Metro Odéon) Open: From Monday to Friday, 9h00 - 19h00 (Documents are given at 10h00 and should be back at 18h30). On Saturday, 13h - 19h. Closed : All Saints Day 1st and 2nd of November, Christmas from 24th of December 13h00 to 6th January 9h00 AM. Phone:
Secrétariat – Renseignements 01.40.46.19.51
Prêt entre bibliothèques 01.40.46.19.58 01.40.46.19.57
Périodiques 01.40.46.19.87 01.40.46.19.89
Catalogue collectif national (CCN) 01.40.46.19.74
Histoire de la médecine 01.40.46.19.53 01.40.46.19.66
Télécopie/Fax 01.44.41.10.20 01.40.46.17.29
4
Introduction
The ECTS department
Faculté de chirurgie dentaire de l’université de Paris 5 - René Descartes 1, rue Maurice Arnoux, F-92120 Montrouge. Telephone : +33 1 58 07 67 00 - Telecopy : +33 1 58 07 68 99
Departmental Coordinator ECTS and Dean: Gérard Lévy Telephone : +33 1 58 07 68 18/67 01 – Telecopy : +33 1 58 07 67 33/67 04 E-mail : [email protected] Can be contacted on Monday, Wednesday PM, Thursday AM and Friday AM. Can be contacted on Tuesday, Wednesday AM and Thursday PM to: +33 1 49 59 46 42
Background
The School of Paris-5 University is one of the sixteen French Dentistry Schools. It belongs to the University René Descartes, Paris-5 that comprises the following Schools:
- School of Law - School of Psychology - School of Humanities and Social Sciences - School of Biomedical Sciences - Department of Forensic Medicine and Medical Law - Mathematics Training and Research Unit - 1 School of Medicine - School of Pharmacy - IUT (Academic Institute of Technology)
In France, the dental art has only been acknowledged as a professional skill for two centuries. In 1699, royal edicts put dentists, along with doctors and surgeons, under the authority of the King’s First Surgeon. The 17th century was a brilliant era for French odontology since it witnessed the publication of important works by Fauchard, Bunon, Bourdet and Jourdain.
However, during the French Revolution, health reforms left dentists behind, whereas doctors and surgeons became health officers. Throughout the 19th century, dentists-doctors (who had become health officers) and mere dentists (who simply paid a trading license) disagreed with one another since the former wanted dentistry to become more medical and the latter wanted it to become autonomous.
At the end of the 19th century, schools were created that specialised in dentistry, and statutes for dentists were promulgated. In 1880, the Parisian Dentists Circle started the Dental School of Paris, 37 rue Rochechouart. In 1884, the Dental Employers’ Federation started the Odontologic Institute, rue de l’Abbaye. In 1889, the Dental School of Lyon was created. Last but not least, a great medical law, which had been under discussion since 1880, was passed on November 30, 1892: it created a new title, that of dental surgeon. Conventions were then signed between Schools of Medicine and Dental Schools until the State took over the curriculum.
In 1909, a decree set a five-year curriculum for dentists.
In 1965, a decree was passed. It created the National Schools for Dental Surgery (ENCD = Écoles Nationales de Chirurgie Dentaire) along with the Dental Research and Teaching Hospital Complexes, which are used for the clinical courses (CSERD = Centres de Soins d’Enseignement et de Recherche Dentaires). The first year of the curriculum is common to medical and dental students.
5
Montrouge
In 1968, the National School for Dental Surgery (ENCD) of Paris was created. It moved to 1, rue Maurice Arnoux in Montrouge in buildings that are shared with the École Normale Supérieure (a grande école for training teachers).
The aforementioned CSERD is made up of four clinics that are located in:
- Colombes 92700 Hôpital Louis Mourier 178, rue des Renouillers - Créteil 94000 Hôpital Albert Chenevier rue de Mesly - Ivry 94200 Hôpital Charles Foix 12, rue Fouilloux - Paris 75018 Hôpital Bretonneau 25 rue Joseph de Maistre
The ENCD of Paris then became a university department and is now part of the Paris-5 University.
In 1971, restricted admission was passed. The number of applicants in odontology was of 290 in 1971, 190 in 1980, 121 in 1985 and it has been of 90 since 1991.
The dental curriculum was reformed through a decree passed on September 27, 1994. Since then, post-graduate studies have been created. Moreover, existing subjects have been reorganised, new and mandatory subjects have been introduced, such as foreign languages, law or economics for instance, and clinical training has been increased.
Research
As soon as it was created, the dental university department gave a prominent place to biomedical research. Basic clinical research can be done by teachers and students in:
- the oral and bone environment biology and biomaterials laboratory. This laboratory delivers masters degree and PhD diploma. It is made up of three groups:
- the oral biochemistry group - the extracellular matrix and biomineralisation group - the bone physiopathology group.
Research can also be done in the following university laboratories:
- the dental materials group - the pathological anatomy laboratory - the applied orofacial biology laboratory - the medical electronics and behavioural neuropharmacology laboratory - the radiology, biophysics and radioelements laboratory - the oral public health laboratory
Moreover these laboratories work in close collaboration with French public research institutions such as the INSERM (British equivalent: MRC; American equivalent: NIH), the C.N.R.S. (British equivalent: SERC; American equivalent: NSF), the Pasteur Institute, the Collège de France and with private companies as well.
The primary functions of the institution are:
- Clinical training and education of undergraduate dental students subject to the standards set by the Department of Higher Education and Research, the National Commission of Dental Education and the EU Dental Directives.
- Training of specialists in Orthodontics - Continuing education for dental practitioners - Research - Patient Services
6
The curriculum
Organisation chart of the curriculum:
1st year 1st Cycle P1
1st year, 1st cycle of medical and dental studies
2nd year P2
Introduction to nursing. 2nd year, 1st cycle of dental studies Basic sciences + introduction to the dental sciences, foreign languages Option and electives Introduction to the dental clinics
competitive entry examination
Medicine
3rd year
Middle Cycle
D1
1st year, 2nd cycle of dental studies Basic sciences + introduction to the dental sciences, foreign languages Option and electives Introduction to the dental clinics
4th year D2
2nd year, 2nd cycle of dental studies Clinical dental sciences + optional and electives Dental and non-dental clinical training:
5th year D3
3rd year, 2nd cycle of dental studies Clinical dental sciences + optional and electives Dental and non-dental clinical training: Introduction to the dental practice
6th year
Final honors
T1
Short cycle: T1 Mandatory and optional modulesClinical work: In dental clinics In non-dental clinics Thesis
Long cycle - Internship 6 semesters after selection- advanced clinical training- Assessed as an advanced studies certificate
Doctor in Dental Surgery graduation.
Post graduate Basic sciences 1 year Clinical sciences 1 year
Specialisation in Orthodontics 4 years
Post-doctoral degree in Oral surgery 4 years
Post-doctoral degrees -Periodontology (2 years) -Gnathology (2 years) -Geriatric dentistry (2 years) -Paediatric dentistry (3 years) -Prosthodontics (2 years) -Continuing education (3 years) -Implants (2 years) -Anatomy (2 years)
PhD degrees 4 years
7
Since 1995, major curriculum modifications have been implemented in France. The first year is common to both medical and dental schools and leads to an admission test with a success rate of 15%. The dental student is then engaged in a five-year dental curriculum (year 2 to year 6), as opposed to the previous programme (year 2 to year 5).
Reinforcement of teaching of both medical and dental basic sciences, medical rotations in several hospital departments, internships in dental practices and the 6th year – the comprehensive care of the patient is the focus – are the most important modifications of the new programme. Basically, this new curriculum emphasises initiation to research, links with medical training and offers broader clinical experience.
Throughout the curriculum, the comprehensive care of the patient is persistently taken into account. To that effect, the Paris Descartes University faculty has decided to promote one method of teaching over another. The various possible profiles of patients are considered, thus making it possible for “specialities” to emerge, which are taught in “modules”. This new organisation has replaced the former, which consisted in the traditional teaching of separate dental matters (prosthetics, periodontology, endodontics, conservative odontology, pedodontics, etc.). Some examples of “modules” are manducatory function, Prevention of oral diseases, Full Denture, Tooth Pathology and Treatment, Tooth Loss Therapy, etc. Professors of different dental specialities work together within a same module.
General aims
- To provide future dentists with an ethical and suitable scientific foundation - To promote and develop clinical competence in primary oral health care and prevention - To provide an environment that encourages self-sufficiency in learning, scientific analysis, moral values and recognition of social responsibilities - To ensure that the educational programme fulfils national and EU requirements.
The organisation of the new curriculum is appended below.
First Year P1 Common with the first Year of medical studies
Topics Biophysics and Physics Biochemistry and Chemistry Cellular Biology and Molecular Biology Law – Professional Ethics Health Economy - Demographics History of Medicine Medical Sociology Anatomy and Physiology Biology of Development – Embryology - Histology
8
The ECTS system for dental courses credits Credits: - In order to facilitate student exchanges and grading of courses completed at one of the partner universities the universities participating in the ERASMUS exchange have put in place a system for transfer of academic credits: ECTS (“European Credit Transfer System”) - The system is based on the translation of credits for the sum of work representing a complete year of study, or 60 credits for an academic year and 30 credits for a semester. - On this basis, each course results in a certain number of credits. This number is a function of the volume of work that the course represents in relation to the total volume of work necessary for completing a whole semester and/or year.
The contract:
Before departing, students sign a two-part contract covering their own university and the host university. The contract notes the courses to be covered and their credit value under ECTS.
Grading system: All education received at the host university is graded according to the rules of that university. Successful course completion gives the right to earn a corresponding number of ECTS credits. Upon return, each student receives a transcript of marks for each of the following: specifying the course title, the duration and value in ECTS credits, the grade obtained at the host university and its conversion to the ECTS grading system: A (excellent); B (very good); C (good); D (satisfactory); E (passable); FX (insufficient); F (failure). Systems of conversion exist for the majority of countries in the Community.
Entering students
Organisation of academic year at Paris 5 The application dead line is 30th. Teaching is organised on the basis of yearly programme. The programme is divided into teaching units or modules. The year (including exams) lasts by the 1st of October till late June. Arrival of students. Welcome and formalities: It is advised that students arrive in Paris at least two weeks before the start of the academic year. Students must complete certain administrative formalities and register for the program of study they wish to pursue. Upon arrival, students must go to the secretary’s office to complete all necessary formalities: obtain a student card, enrol for instruction., etc.
Aid with housing Students at ERASMUS can benefit from financial aid for lodging with the amount dependent on the cost of rent. Aid can only be given if the student has a rental agreement in his or her name. Moreover, aid is only given if the student possesses a ‘carte de séjour’ (or ‘card permitting stay’ in France.)
Methods of evaluation
Written exams:
At the end of each module exams take place. The duration of each test is mainly one hour and sometimes three hours. They must be written in French. The use of a foreign language or French language dictionary is authorised for ERASMUS students (for most exams). - Students involved in electives must write a research report. - Clinical assessment is mainly formative. Competence is evaluated
9
The ECTS grading scale
ECTS grade Grade out of 20 Grade out of 30 Grade out of 40 Definition A 16 or more 24 or more 32 or more EXCELLENT : outstanding
performance with only minor errors B 14-15 21-23 28-31 VERY GOOD : above average but with
some errors C 12-13 18-20 24-27 GOOD : generally sound work with a
number of notable errors D 11 16-17 21- 23 SATISFACTORY : fair but with significant
shortcomings E 10 15 20 SUFFICIENT : performance meets
the minimum criteria FX 8-9 12-14 16-19 FAIL : some more work required before
the credit can be awarded F 7 or less 11 or less 15 or less FAIL : considerable further work is
required
Description of the dental curriculum according to the ECTS format. To understand how the credit value was calculated
In France the academic year lasts 30 weeks, including examinations and clinical work. According to the EU directorate for education recommendation, the mean time devoted to studies is included between 35 to 40 weeks.
Consequently, the course credit value is 50 hours per week. Therefore, the total number of hours in the academic year is 50 hours a week × 30 weeks = 1500 hours, which is the total number of hours the student must work in order to complete a full year of academic study at the School, including lectures, lab work, seminars, tutorials, fieldwork, private study, in the library or at home, and examinations or other assessment activities.
As the total number of credits for a year in Europe is 60, the value of one credit is:
Number of student working hours per year 1500 60
= 25 60
Therefore the number of credits awarded for one course unit is the ratio between the number of hours of the course unit over 25. For example, 100 hours of student work represent a 4 credits course.
The figures were voted in by the board of the School and approved by the Paris-5 University council.
This calculation was put into place to help exchange programme students and to make it easier for the School staff that plans the exchange programmes. Students can choose topics of interest in such a way as to achieve 20 credits during 3 months, i.e., 500 hours of work.
10
P2 (2nd Year) expressed in ECTS credits.
Prerequisite: The first year of medical studies should be successfully completed.
Each module is displayed according to the French legal recommendation.
Module 1 Oral ecosystem 6 credits ECTS
Module 2 Cariology 5 credits ECTS Periodontology 4 credits ECTS Immunity – Inflammation 3credits ECTS Organisation of the immune system Cells and molecules of InflammationHemostasis Synthesis
Module 3 Dental Materials 2 credits ECTS Structure and features of dental materials Anatomy and Physiology 10 credits ECTS Gross anatomy and Dental Anatomy Physiology Occlusion Restorative Dentistry 5 credits ECTS
Module 4 General Anatomy 3 credits ECTS and physiology Oral Semiology General Anatomy and physiology Development and Growth 3 credits ECTS Embryology Radiology-imagery 4 credits ECTS biophysics
Optional 7 credits ECTS Resuscitation
Pre-clinical training 5 credits ECTS English 3 credits ECTS
Total of the year: 60 credits
The number of hours corresponding to the module is calculated as followed: 25 hours × number of credits. The P2 programme includes 694 hours of lectures, workshops, labs, pre-clinical training and examinations. The time dedicated to personal study is 806 hours.
During this year the students are introduced to basic sciences and techniques with respect to dental practice. The basic scientific knowledge acquired during the first year of medical studies is emphasised.
11
2nd year of 1st cycle (2nd dental year) programme expressed in contact hours student/teacher.
Modules Heads L&S Tut.. Lab.. EX. Dur.Ex
Module 1 (66 h)
Oral ecosystem H. Chardin 28 h 35 h 1 3 h
Module 2 (87 h)
Cariology F. Toumelin 20h 12 h 1 1h 30 Periodontologiy M. Dridi 8 h 1 1 h Immunity-Inflammation H. Chardin 22 h 6 h 15 h 1 1 h 30 Organisation of the immune system 12 h 15 h Cells and molecules of Iinflammation 5 h 3 h Hémostasis 5 h Synthesis 3 h
Module 3 (256 h)
Dental Materials Structure and features of dental materials
M. Sadoun 16h 3 h 1 1 h
Anatomy and Physiology M. Cherruau 71 h 47 h 30 1 4 h Anatomy = Physiology Occlusodontology Dental Anatomy J.-L.. Charrier Restorative Dentistry P. Tramba 14 h 82 h 30 1 1 h Module 4 (91 h)
General Anatomy and physiology L. Maman 36 h 1 2 h Oral Semiology 8 h General Anatomy and physiology 28 h Développement et croissance T. Davit-Béal 12 h 7 h 30 1 1h30 Embryology Radiology-imagery-biophysics Y. Pellerin 21 h 1 h 30 7 h 30 1 2 h English L. Einsenberger 60 h 1 Options D.. Guez 75 h Resuscitations Resuscitation 75 h
In bold fonts, the total student/teacher contact hours number per module. In plain text, the student/teacher contact hours number per discipline included in the module. To express the contact time in ECTS credits, it is needed to divide it per 25.
12
D1 (3rd Year) expressed in ECTS credits.
Prerequisite: The D2 programme should be successfully completed.
Module 1 Public health 3 credits ECTS Development and growth 4 credits ECTS Orthodontics Embryology Pediatric dentistry
Module 2 Infection inflammation 4 credits ECTS and pain Infection/inflammation /pain Pharmacology Anesthesiology Pathology and surgery 3 credits ECTS General pathology Pathology and oral surgery Periodontology 4 credits ECTS
Module 3 Conservative dentistry 5 credits ECTS Endodontics Dental materials 4 credits ECTS Fixed prosthodontics 4 credits ECTS
Module 4 Manducatory apparatus 5 credits ECTS anatomophysiology Occlusion Descriptive anatomy Full removable prosthodontics 4 credits ECTS Partial removable 4 credits ECTS prosthodontics
Optional 5 credits ECTS Oral Ecosystem Culture of science in clinical dentistry Technical issues in Prosthodontics Dentistry in the Army Electives Literature searching strategy, ITC Sports
Pre-clinical training 3 credits ECTSOutreach hospitals 3 credits ECTS English 3 credits ECTSLegal regulation 2 credits ECTSfor X-ray protection
The D1 programme includes 746 hours 30 minutes of lectures, workshops, labs, pre-clinical training and examinations. The time dedicated to personal study is 678 hours 30 minutes.
The goal during this year is to integrate basic sciences into clinical sciences. The teaching methods are lectures, tutorials and laboratory.
13
1st year of 2nd cycle (3rd dental year) programme expressed in contact hours student/teacher.
Third year D1
Modules Heads L&S Tut. Lab. Nb Exam Dur Ex
Module 1 (32 h 30) Public health J.-C. Tavernier 9 h 1 1 h Development and growth E. Dhumeaux 21 h 1 1h30 Orthodontics 13 Embryology 5 Paediatric dentistry 3 5 h Module 2 (124 h) Infection/inflammation and pain O. Le May 26 h 12 h 1 2 h Infection/inflammation /pain 14 Pharmacology 7 Anesthesiology 5 Pathology and oral surgery A. Wierzba 33 h 3 h 20 h 1 2 h General pathology 20 12 Pathology and oral surgery 15 8 Periodontology D.. Guez 10 h 15 h 1 1 h Module 3 (209 h 30) Endodontics/Conservative dentistry J.-J. Lasfargues 25 h 9 h 70 h 1 2 h Conservative dentistry 10 4 h 30 37 h 30 Endodontics 15 4 h 30 47 h 30 Dental materials J.-P. Attal 12 h 3 h 12 h 30 1 1 h Fixed prosthodontics L. Pierrisnard 16 h 40 h 1 1 h Module 4 (161 h 30) Manducatory apparatus B. Fleiter 23 h 4 h 30 15 h 1 2 h anatomophysiology Occlusodontology 11 6 h Descriptive anatomy 12 4 h 30 Full removable prosthodontics M. Postaire 18 h 40 h 1 1 h Partial removable prosthodontics D Buch 17 h 40 h 1 1 h
Optional D. Guez 75 h Oral Ecosystem Informatics Culture of science in clinical dentistry Dentistry in the Army Electives Technical issues in Prosthodontics Sports English L. Eisenberger 60 h Pre-clinical training M. Attal 75 h Outreach medical hospitals 75 h Legal regulation of use of Xray M. Tavernier 13 h 7 h 30 5 h 1 h 30
14
D2 (4th Year) expressed in ECTS credits.
Prerequisite: The D1 programme should be successfully completed.
Module 1 Dental materials 1 credits ECTS Community dentistry 2 credits ECTS Public health Epidemiology Paediatric dentistry 2 credits ECTS Conservative dentistry 2 credits ECTS Endodontics
Module 2 TMJ disorders (1) 2 credits ECTS Full removable prosthodontics 2 credits ECTS Partial removable 2 credits ECTS prosthodontics Practioner/patient relationship 1 credits ECTS
Module 3 Oral cyto-histo-pathology 2 credits ECTS Medical pathology 2 credits ECTS and odontology Relationship between medicine and odontology Medical pathology Oral pathology and surgery 3 credits ECTS Oral surgery Oral pathology Oral dermatology Drugs administration Periodontology 3 credits ECTS
Module 4 Orthodontics 3 credits ECTS Fixed prosthodontics 2 credits ECTS Public health 2 credits ECTS (preventive strategies)
Optional Programmes 4 credits ECTS English Approach on community oral health Introduction to research in odontology Nutrition Electives Sports
Clinical training 21 credits ECTS Clerkship in anaesthesia 4 credits ECTS emergency and resuscitation
The D2 programme includes 1069 hours 30 minutes of lectures, workshops, labs, clinical work and examinations.The time dedicated to personal study is 430 hours 30 minutes.
The students are mainly involved in the dental clinics, where learning is patient-oriented comprehensive care in a community perspective.
The clinical training focuses on biological, psychological and cultural aspects.
15
2nd year of 2nd cycle (4th dental year) programme expressed in contact hours student/teacher.
Fourth Year D2
Modules Heads L & S Tut. Lab. Nb Exam
Dur Exam
Module 1 (109 h 30) Dental materials M. Sadoun 7 h 4 h 30 5 h 1 1 h Community dentistry M. Tavernier 20 h 7 h 30 1 1 h Public health 10 h 4 h 30 Épidemiology 10 h 3 h Paediatric dentistry Mme Wolikow 16 h 12 h 30 5 h 1 1 h Endodontics/conservative dentistry M. Bonte 18 h 10 h 1 1 h Module 2 (124 h 30) TMJ disorders (1) M. Fleiter 12 h 12 h 30 1 1 h Full removable prosthodontics M. Rignon-Bret 15 h 30 h 1 1 h Partial removable prosthodontics M. Begin 10 h 25 h 1 1 h Practioner/patient relationship Mme Benhamed 7 h 9 h 1 1 h Module 3 (134 h 30) Oral cyto-histo-pathology Mme. Séguier 14 h 9 h 1 1 h Medical pathology and odontology Mme Poidatz 34 h 7 h 30 1 1 h Medicine and odontology 6 7 h 30 Medical pathology 29 Oral pathology and surgery M. Lesclous 30 h 10 h 1 2 h Oral surgery 7 Oral pathology 7 Oral Dermatology 6 Drugs administration 10 Periodontology Mme Colombier 10 h 15 h 1 1 h Module 4 (106 h )
Orthodontics M. Vermelin 16 h 20 h 1 1 h Fixed prosthodontics M. Pierrisnard 12 h 32 h 30 1 1 h Public health (Preventive strategies) M Tavernier 18 h 4 h 30 1 1 h TOTAL 217 h 79 h 30 152 h 30 15 16 h Optional Programmes M. Guez 75 h English Approach on community oral health Introduction to research in odontology Nutrition Electives Sports Clinical training 450 h Clerkship in anaesthesia emergency and resuscitation 70 h
16
D3 (5th Year) expressed in ECTS credits.
Prerequisite: The D2 programme should be successfully completed.
Module 1 Geriatric dentistry 3 credit ECTS Oral pathology and surgery 3 credits ECTS Oral pathology General and surgical pathology Oral oncology Oral dermatology Anaesthesiology and resuscitation Pharmacology 3 credit ECTS
Module 2 Periodontology 3 credits ECTS Fixed prosthodontics 1 credit ECTS Dental materials 2 credits ECTS
Module 3 Paediatric dentistry 3 credits ECTS Orthodontics 2 credits ECTS
Module 4 Implants 2 credits ECTS Full removable prosthodontics 1 credit ECTS Maxillo-facial prosthodontics 1 credit ECTS TMJ disorders (2) 3 credit ECTS Edentulous patients 3 credit ECTS
Optional Programme 4 credits ECTS Holistic approach of the patient: Decision-making and Therapy Judicial and physical anthropology Sports, odontology Electives Internship introduction Global treatment of periodontal diseases Sports
Anatomy 4 credits ECTS Comprehensive Care 3 credits ECTS
Clinical training Clinical Training 19 credits ECTS4 credits ECTS
The D3 programme includes 868 hours of lectures, workshops, labs, clinical work and examinations. The time dedicated to personal study is 632 hours.
The traditional structure of the curriculum could affect the foreign students participating in exchange programmes. Some countries have implemented non-compartmentalized programmes.
Conversely, clinical training is very important. Some dental clinics allow specialized training such as periodontology, implants, and orthodontics. The students who wish to develop skills within these topics are asked to discuss their preferences with the local ECTS coordinator.
17
3rd year of 2nd cycle (5th dental year) programme expressed in contact hours student/teacher.
Fifth Year D3
Modules Heads L & S Tut. Lab Nb Exam Dur Exam
Module 1 (64 h 30) Geriatric dentistry J.-C. Tavernier 8 h 1 1 h Oral pathology and surgery L. Maman 37 h 5 h 1 2h30 Oral pathology 10 h General and surgical pathology 10 h Oral oncology 6 h Oral Dermatology 5 h Anesthesiology and resuscitation 6 h Pharmacology C.-D. Arreto 10 h 1 1 h Module 2 (56 h 30) Periodontology M. Danan 12 h 21 h 1 1 h Fixed prosthodontics L. Pierrisnard 10 h 1 1 h Dental materials M. Degrange 7 h 30 3 h 1 1 h Module 3 (74 h) Pediatric dentistry F Courson 20 h 15 h 1 1 h Orthodontics E Dhumeaux 17 h 20 h 1 1 h Module 4 (76 h 30) Implants G. Girot 20 h 12 h 30 1 1 h Full removable prosthodontics C. Rignon-Bret 15 h 1 1 h Maxillo-facial prosthodontics N. Eid 15 h 1 1 h TMJ disorders (2) B. Fleiter 10 h 30 1 1 h Edentulous patients D. Buch 10 h 15 h Anatomy J.-L. Charrier 8 h 20 h Optional Programmes D. Guez 75 h Judicial and physical anthropology IT Sports, odontology Internship introduction Electives Sports Surgery of the periodontal pocket and prosthodontics Comprehensive Care P. Tramba 8 h 9 h 2 h 30 Clinical Training 450 h Preparation for Professional practice 100 h
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1st year of 3rd cycle, Sixth Year T1 expressed in ECTS credits. Prerequisite: The D3 programme should be successfully completed.
SEMINARS Heads Workshops Professional practice: 60H
1- Introduction to Public Health 2-Computers in dental practice 3- Professional risks 4- Ergonomy in Dental Practice 5- Professional integration and finance 6- Forensic dentistry 7- Responsability- Ethics -Bioethics 8- Vocational training: laws, management, social-regulations Review
M. Folliguet 4 credits ECTS
Multidisciplinary module: 50H 1- Aesthetics in dentistry 2- Dental traumatology 3- Treatment on patient with severe periodontal disease 4- Treatment on patient with unitary missing tooth 5- Retreatment ; patient needs evaluation 6- Disabled patients cares 7-Partial edentulous patient : Therapy strategy (small versus extended
missing teeth). 8- Potentialy full edentulous patients care (strategy and treatment plan). 9- Vocational training, introduction Cases selection ; Cases presentation
N.Eid 3 Credits ECTS
Advanced dentistry: <90H Options
- Advanced programme : deontology, ethics, health regulation regarding the dental practice in dentistry - Introduction to Orthodontics as specialisation : Imaging, anatomy and cranio-facial radiographic sémiology - Introduction of the dental delivery care system in the army - Paediatric dentistry : Special needs of preschool children - Dentistry - archaeology and forensic dentistry - Introduction to the selective assessment to apply for Orthodontics as specialisation - Prosthetic Technology - Peer education of the novice students - Early diagnosis of the oral cancers with regard to the dental practice - Thesis preparation - Electives
D. Guez 25 credits ECTS
Cllinical training (350 h) (mostly community oriented)
16 credits ECTS
Outreach general hospitals clerckship (100 h) 4 credits ECTS Vocational training (200 h) 8 credits ECTS The T1 programme includes 850 hours of seminars, workshops, clinical work, vocational training and evaluation.The time dedicated to personal study is 650 hours.
Stress is focused on orienting future graduates towards general dental practice. Some students are introduced to specific aspects of the dental practice or to the specialization for which they express a preference. Students deal with patients with special needs, such as the elderly, prophylaxis, non-profit organisations, etc.
The greater part of the students' schedule is dedicated to their final theses.
This type of programme might interest Europeans students wishing to practice in France because they receive an introduction to the legal professional regulations of our country.
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Facilities Clinical Facilities
The Centre for Dental Treatment, Teaching and Research is divided up into four dental clinics. Three of them are located in three different hospitals, which are themselves located in the outskirts of Paris. Only one is located within Paris itself.
The Dental School and the Dental Centre have the same mission, which is to teach theoretical and clinical knowledge to dental students and promoting research. Nevertheless, the Dental Centre and Dental School are managed entirely separately and each of them belongs to a different organisation:
The Dental School is part of Paris-5 University and it is funded by the Ministry of Education.
The dental clinics are part of the Teaching Hospital and they are funded by the Ministry of Public Health.
The two treatment missions
These are the educational and hospital commitments of the Dental Centre.
The dental polyclinic (educational mission)
The patients are treated by 4th, 5th, and 6th year students, who are supervised by a teaching staff, which is ultimately responsible for the work undertaken. The polyclinic welcomes a large number of patients who all have varying needs. Some request only emergency treatment, others wish to receive full treatment at the Dental Centre. The receptionists send the patients either to the emergency dental clinic or to the patient referral dental clinic.
The patient referral dental clinic
This dental clinic is by appointment only and holds two or three daily 3-hour sessions, Monday through Friday, and one session on Saturday. One instructor and three students run the dental clinic.
The aims of this first consultation are: - Overall patient assessment and identification of patients at risk - Dental assessment - Determining patient needs and requests - Referral of the patient to the student polyclinic, the house officers or the consultant dental clinics.
Emergency dental clinic
This clinic is open every day from 10 to 12 a.m. and from 3 to 5 p.m., Monday through Friday. The dental clinic is run by one instructor and three students or intern students, who undertake examinations, diagnoses and pain relief for each patient.
Treatment sessions
Over the last few years, the Dental Centre has tried to establish a multidisciplinary approach, in order to train students for general practice. In practical terms this means that:
1. The main field of expertise is defined at the patient referral dental clinic, on the basis of the patient's main treatment need. This field of expertise is then responsible for the treatment plan and it has overall responsibility for the patient. The main field of expertise is usually Conservative Dentistry, Prosthetics or Periodontology.
2. The polyclinic is multidisciplinary, except Orthodontics that has six distinct chairs, and Oral Surgery and Periodontology that have two. Each student always uses the same dental chair, regardless of the type of treatment to be given. Professors from each of the three main fields of expertise often supervise the clinical sessions simultaneously.
This makes it possible for the student, the patient and teachers from each of the fields of expertise to agree, thus helping the student to understand the concept of a global treatment plan. Student attendance at the Dental Centre varies according to the curriculum over the second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth years.
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Consultant dental clinics (Hospital mission)
Patients referred to the Dental Centre by general dental practitioners; general medical practitioners or hospital departments are treated in the consultant dental clinics by the hospital dental staff. This department takes difficult cases (in orthodontics, prosthetics, implantology, oral surgery, etc.) or patients who are having trouble finding proper care in general practice (special needs patients, preparation for heart surgery, preventive dentistry, testing for patients at risk of dental caries, etc.). Dental staff runs these four dental clinics.
Dental Clinics Pedodontics Pr. Wolikow
Dr Courson Dr. Landru Dr. Vanderzwalm
Orthodontics Pr. Lautrou Dr. Decker Dr. Dunglas Dr. Vermelin
Periodontology Pr. Saffar Dr. Bigot Dr. Colombier Dr. Dridi
Oral Surgery, Oral Pathology Pr. Poidatz Dr. Maman Dr. Hadida Dr. Eijel
Orofacial Pain Dr. Fleiter
Endodontics & Conservative Dentistry
Pr. Lasfargues Pr. Degrange Pr. Lévy Dr. Toumelin
Special Needs Dr Nabet Prosthodontics Dr. Pierrisnard
Pr. Rignon-Bret Dr. Postaire Dr. Dot
Implantology Dr. Girot Dr. Tramba
Preventive Dentistry Dr. Folliguet Dr. Tavernier
TMJ Clinic Dr. Fleiter
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Patient management within the Dental Clinic Reception and orientation of patient: see above.
Cross infection control
Quality and cross infection control are constantly reviewed. Cross infection control is ensured by the following rules:
- The patient file holds a full medical history that highlights any potential infection risk. - The cross infection control rules are enforced in the clinical work:
• Instruments are supplied in sterile packets according to the treatment to be performed. Fourth-year students help with decontamination, conditioning and sterilisation of instruments (each student has a 2-hour weekly session). A list of the instruments contained in each type of tray is included in the clinical manual given to each student.
• There are protocols for prevention of cross infection that are enforced during treatment sessions. The students receive theoretical and practical training in these protocols during the first term of the third year, just before they start their clinical work.
Patient satisfaction
A survey of patient satisfaction was undertaken in 2000.
Management of the Dental Centre
Receipts Centralised documentation
All patients are registered in the main hospital database. All payments for items or consultations are entered in the database of overall hospital activity.
Internal documentation
The patient file for the polyclinic includes the treatment plan, the treatment already performed, the student and the instructor who is responsible for the patient.
The patient file for the unit of implantology includes a description of the treatment performed, the treatment sessions dates and the schedule for future treatment and reviews.
The patient file also contains all documents associated with the prosthetics unit including order forms, receipts and payment agreements for each laboratory procedure.
Audit of activities
The analysis and management unit provides an annual overview of the activities in each field of expertise and in the consultant dental clinics.
Teaching Facilities General explanation
The teaching facilities are located in the main academic building at Montrouge. The building has the following amenities:
1 lecture hall (400 seats) with video equipment 2 lecture rooms (300 seats each) 1 lecture room (100 seats) with video equipment 9 seminar rooms (from 19 to 30 seats) Each of the School’s locations is connected to the worldwide web.
Teaching Laboratories
The School of Odontology has access to student and specialist laboratories for use in Anatomy, Immunology, Dental materials.
In addition the School has: 5 teaching laboratories with 18 to 20 seats shared facilities for Prosthodontics, Conservative Dentistry,
Endodontics and Orthodontics. 2 teaching laboratories with 19 seats with dummy heads, shared facilities for
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Prosthodontics, Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics. CAL equipment in the laboratory is dedicated to prosthodontics.
Research Laboratories
The Odontology Department includes a laboratory that is currently approved by the Ministry of National Education: the Biology and Cranio-Facial Physiopathology Laboratory no. EA 2496.
The Biology and Cranio-Facial Physiopathology Laboratory (Head: Professor J.-L. Saffar), is composed of three groups: 1-Extra-Cellular Matrices and Biomineralisations (Professor M. Goldberg), 2-Physio-pathology of Non-Mineralised Tissues (Professor G. Godeau), 3-Bone Physiopathology (Professor J.-L. Saffar). The laboratory delivers masters degrees and PhD in Oral and Osteo-Articular Biology, Biomaterials and with the Doctorate Schools: Genetics, Immunology, Infectiology, Development (G2ID) of the Paris Descartes University (an approval request with the Paris Descartes University is currently pending). The laboratory also receives students from other doctoral programmes. This brings in an invigorating input from students and doctoral candidates under the direction of 9 research supervisors (who are called "HDRs" i.e. allowed to conduct research project). Thanks to a controlled distribution of the students and the teachers who work with them, and to a dynamic publication policy, this entity was approved as a Doctoral Training Programme.
For the past two years, all three groups have worked on defining areas of research covering two types of themes: 1- Developmental Biology and Physiopathology of Dental and Periodontal Tissues (tooth, gingiva and periodontal ligament, bone). In this respect, the study of metalloproteases is an area of common interest that has increased substantially in all three groups. 2- Regeneration and Therapeutics. Here again, cellular engineering and the biological effects of molecules in the extra-cellular matrix combine in a common focus towards regeneration (bone and periodontal regeneration) and pulpal healing. The laboratory also stresses research and development of therapeutic innovations.
A few years ago, three laboratories were merged into a single entity subdivided into groups working with common purposes.
Each team has developed a number of efficient techniques, which have earned them widespread recognition. They include methods for structural and biochemical analysis of the extra-cellular matrix, as well as for identification of enzymes groups involved in its regulation. This had led to much co-operation with outside organisations, both at a national level with other university laboratories, INSERM and CNRS units, and at an international level (Europe and the US). Relations and co-operation with industrial entities need to be strengthened, but they are already in effect.
The Laboratory for the Study of dental materials (Head: Professor M. Degrange) had been merged with a similar entity of the Odontology Department of the Paris-7 University in order to achieve a critical mass more favourable to the acquisition of an official status. Over the past few years, this laboratory's two research supervisors have trained and supervised a number of D.E.A. students and doctoral candidates. Publications have increased over the years. The laboratory mainly focuses on the adhesion of biomaterials to dental structures. A large part of the laboratory's activities is the evaluation of innovative biomaterials. Metals and ceramics have also been studied. This laboratory has now become a key link for dental product manufacturers and practitioners.
There are several other University Laboratories within the School. They do not benefit from the Ministry's approval, due to the lack of a policy to support publications and students in master or doctoral curricula. If some of these laboratories were grouped together, they could form more consistent entities.
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Department of Information Technology This unit was created in 1992 to complement the teaching departments and it has grown in several areas
including introductory training, postgraduate training and communications.
Aims and objectives Undergraduate courses: - Introduction to computer studies in year P2. - Optional modules for additional training on two levels for years P2 and D1. - Self training. - Communications via the Internet and the Intranet. - Disposition of computer-assisted publishing (PAO and pre-AO), tables and statistics packages (for doctoral
students). - Virtual classroom - Literature research strategies.
For teachers: - Possibility of using hardware and software. - Production of slides. - Introductory training. - Technical assistance. - Possibility of using the Internet and the Intranet.
For professionals: - Communication with other dentists via the web. - Postgraduate training on-site or remote.
Methods of assessment Assessment is included within the tasks given by instructor to the students.
Library Staff
Qualified team including three permanent employees and one temporary employee (trainee)
Valérie Grignoux Marie Thérèse Vittonati Christine Funaro Philippe EhrhardtNorbert Guidasci The Odontology Department library is part of the Joint Documentation Department of the Paris-5 University
(René Descartes). It is available to students and teachers/research scientists of the dental surgery school.
Library collection
- Statistics (as of June 30, 2000) - books: 10,500 volumes including 6,500 recent volumes (less than 10 years old) - theses: 15,500 - periodicals: 278 titles including 194 current (8 full-text electronic periodicals) - vidéo tapes: 401 - electronic documents: 35 CD-ROMs
- Specific features of the collection - Very specialised documentation, primarily focused on dentistry, for purposes of clinical work and research. - The documentation policy is in keeping with the school's main curriculum of initial education and continuing education. - 1st and cycles: French language textbooks (on average 10 to 15 copies of each, often more); - Continuing education: focus on the video library: substantial number of videocassettes considering the primarily visual aspect of the profession.
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Library activities
- Readers
- Members: 1,500, including approximately 250 members from other schools and practitioners in continuing education, and a relatively high number of practitioners and students from Maghreb and Africa.
- Library services
- 1 – Document consultation - 2 – Loans: 13,000 loans in 1999 - 3 – Inter-library loans: any documents that the library does not possess can be borrowed from other libraries. In
fact, since the library's collection is quite substantial, it tends to loan more than it borrows. - 4 – Photocopy services - 5 – Continuing education - 6 – Access to medical and scientific databases - 7 – Access to the video library - 8 – Access to the Internet
Amongst the resources available on the Internet, many medical websites are worth mentioning: the Washington National Medical Library, with free access to Medline, the INSERM, websites dealing with oncology, AIDS and drugs, the Vidal publications, and access to the University of Montreal (continuing education in the area of medicine), to the Rouen Public University Hospital (catalogue and index of medical web sites), etc., several dentistry and other publications by many foreign universities and associations: ADF, FDI, the European Academy of Aesthetic Dentistry, for instance, and a large number of websites covering the various clinical areas of odontology, and the catalogues of French and foreign publishers specialised in odontology, and access to the services offered by major French libraries, including the national library (Bibliothèque Nationale de France).
We also offer free access to the major medical databases, including INIST (formerly CNRS), Medline, the national database on dentistry and medical theses, and practical advice concerning the instructions given to authors, bibliography presentation methods, and an access to FORMIST: information retrieval training for university members.
All services are free of charge, except photocopies.
- 9 – Many gifts are made in favour of French-speaking Africa, and co-operation is organised with foreign countries.
Computerised management of the library
The library has a Library Computer Management System (ALEPH), which operates via a network and can be used to manage loans, inventory lists, documents and periodicals acquisitions, and professional research.
The library also contributes to the OCLC notices pool: notice creation and derivation.
Administration and organisationClinical/academic organisational structures for school and hospitalOrganisational structures for school
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DEPARTMENTS
Paediatric DentistryProf. Maryse Wolikow
Dean OrthodonticsProf. Gérard Lévy Prof. Alain Lautrou
Epidemiology, PreventionDr. Jean-Claude Tavernier
PeriodontologyClaude Bigot
Vice Deans Oral Surgery, Oral PathologyProf. Danièle Buch Dr. Louis MamanDr. Charles Daniel ArettoDr. Louis Maman Biological SciencesProf. Michel Degrange Prof. Anne Poliard
Conservative Dentistry, EndodonticsProf. Jean-Jacques Lasfargues
ProsthodonticsDr. Marcel BeginDr. Laurent PierrisnardDr. Michel Postaire
Anatomical Sciences, PhysiologyDr. Marc Cherruau
Dental MaterialsDr. Jean-Pierre Attal
Computer SciencesDr. Daniel Dot
EnglishMrs Pascale Einsenberger
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Involvement in other University Activities
Students are encouraged to be actively involved in student affairs and University societies.
Students have also taken part in the Erasmus/Socrates programmes with, Sweden, Finland, UK, Italy, Spain and Portugal.
Teachers were part of staff in Sweden, Québec, Ivory Coast, Leban, Marocco and Mexico. Research programmes were exchanged with USA, UK, Canada and Norway.
Recreation and Sport
The school considers it important that students have opportunities to spend time, outside of study periods, on other activities.
Depending on the availability of students, the Dental School has had excellent teams in sports such as rugby or football. The level of intensity of the dental course however is a significant disadvantage in this respect.
Elective courses of non dental subjects have been implemented outside the Faculty (Elective course of sport for example).
A society called “ CEOP 5 ” (“ Dental Students Association ”) is managed by our students. The primary aims of this association are :
- To put the new student (P2) under the protection of an older one (D1). This leads to a better Faculty integration of the newcomers
- to buy dental instruments for students at the cheapest price
- to organise parties or athletic week-ends where students and teachers can meet each other
Student Selection Procedures
In France, the first year of the dental undergraduate curriculum, known as P1, is common to the medical curriculum, and taught at the Faculty of Medicine. At the end of P1, students are selected by procedures established by the government. Each year, the Department of Higher Education and Research set to each Faculty of medicine and dentistry a clearly defined number of students who are allowed to pursue their medical or dental studies.
The examination is very competitive. Over 4000 applicants for P1, 400 medical and 80 dental students are admitted to carry on their studies.
Basic Data from Dental School
Average number of dental students qualifying per year: 100
Average number of dental students admitted to the first year: 100
Length of course in years: 6 years
Is there a separate period of vocational training following graduation as a dentist in your country ? No, but there is a period of vocational training during D3, half a day per week, during the whole year. During this period, students have no dental practice, they are only observers. The aim of this period is to learn how a dentist manages his office.
