SCHOOL LIFEwestern-cyberu.net/_EClass/592/EN1002.549000071.1/… · Web viewCapitalize the first word and all the important words in the title. Don’t capitalize the following words

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English 1002

English 1002

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FOREWORDTo the Students:

Learning is a continuous process. One should not cease finding

opportunities for learning new things. The knowledge that a person acquires for himself/herself is his/her treasure in life.

EN1002 is designed with the motivation to help you embrace

learning as a worthwhile experience. One important aspect of this book is its goal to equip you with the necessary skills pertinent to listening, speaking, reading, and writing – all contributing to your progress in communicating and relating with others. The development of these skills is integrated into each unit to make learning more meaningful. Moreover, to observe the development of the language, activities are designed within the student’s experience, and level of learning.

Hence, this book comes with commitment to train and prepare you

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for good works and responsible citizenship. It makes you aware of the need to make full use of your skills in reaching out to others.

It is hoped that after you have learned all the skills taught in this

book you will come out more prepared to face more difficult challenges and conquer them.

Western University

This homework belongs to:

Name: ………………………………………...

Student ID No……….…………………………

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Course: ………………………………………...

Table of Contents

Unit 1 School Life Here and There

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Unit 2 Reading Exploration 1

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Unit 3 Writing Enrichment 1

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Unit 4 Listening and SpeakingEnrichment -----------

Unit 5 Healthy Food and Healthy Diet -----------


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Unit 8 The Place I live

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Unit 11 Home Life

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Unit 14 Cultural Diversity

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Unit 15 Reading and Writing

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UNIT 1UNIT 1

“S c h o o l L i f e” “S c h o o l L i f e”

H e r e a n d T h e r eH e r e a n d T h e r e

SCHOOL LIFE HERE and THERE

1. READ THE CONVERSATIONS

2. Vocabulary Preview. Complete these sentences by using the following word lists.

No kidding comes over stop by sounds

You take Chinese call me

1. If your major is Asian Studies, I’m sure you have to ______________ and

probably some other Asian languages, too.

2. Bye, Jude. Bye, Nica. See __________________ tomorrow.

3. Her name is Tamara. I don’t think that’s a Chinese name. It _____________

Japanese.

My name is Joshua Craig. But please ____________ Josh.

5. I don’t have a car. When Jenny and I do our homework together, she usually

________________ to my house.

6. My cousin is in the hospital. I will ______________ tomorrow and bring her

flowers.

7. You have six sisters and three brothers? __________________!

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UNIT 1

READ3 Listening for Main Ideas. Marc, Kevin, and Zhen are students at

Griffiths College. They meet in the lobby of their apartment building.

Marc : Hi. How’re you doing?

Kevin : Hi. You’re… Marc, right?

Marc : Yeah. And sorry, you’re…?

Kevin : Kevin. Kevin Chapman.

Marc : Oh, yeah we met on the campus last week. Kevin, this is my friend, Zhen

Yuan. She’s just moved into the building.

Kevin : Hi, Zhen Yuan.

Zhen : Nice to meet you. You can just call me Zhen. Yuan’s my last name.

Kevin : Oh. “Zhen.” That sounds…?

Zhen : Chinese. My parents came over from Hongkong before I was born.

Kevin : Really? I was thinking of taking Chinese this term. Maybe you could help

me.

Zhen : Well, my Chinese really isn’t very good…

Marc : Listen, Kevin. We’re really hungry. Do you want to get something to eat

with us?

Kevin : Sorry, I can’t. I have to meet my new roommate right now.

Marc : Oh, okay. Well, stop by sometime. I’m up in 241.

Kevin : Hey, I’m on the same floor. I’m in 232.

Marc : No kidding…

Kevin : Well, nice meet you, Zhen. I’m sure I’ll see you guys soon.

Zhen and Marc : See you later.

1. Who was introduced by Marc to Kevin? ___________________________________________________________

2. Are Marc and Kevin close friends?

___________________________________________________________

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3. What class might Kevin take soon?

___________________________________________________________

4. Was Zhen born in Hongkong?

___________________________________________________________

5. Why will the three students probably see each other soon?

___________________________________________________________

4 Stressed Words. Listen to the conversation once more.

1. The stressed words are missing. Fill out the blanks with words in the box. Some words can be use in two times.

Sounds name hungry 232

Thinking stop eat sorry

Doing something soon moved

good Hi see roommate

241 friend building last

term came campus jack

can’t call floor meeting

nice Chinese really met

born over meet help

Marc : _________. How’re you __________?

Kevin : Hi. You’re… _________, right?

Marc : Yeah. And __________, you’re…?

Kevin : Kevin. Kevin Chapman.

Marc : Oh, yeah we _________ on ________ campus last week. Kevin, this is my

__________, Zhen Yuan. She’s just __________ into the ____________.

Kevin : Hi, Zhen Yuan.

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Zhen : __________ to _________ you. You can just _________ me Zhen. Yuan’s

my __________ __________.

Kevin : Oh. “Zhen.” That sounds…?

Zhen : Chinese. My parents __________ __________ from Hongkong before I

was ____________.

Kevin : Really? I was ____________ of taking ____________ this ___________.

Maybe you could _____________ me.

Zhen : Well, my Chinese really isn’t _______________…

Marc : Listen, Kevin. We’re ____________ ____________. Do you want to get

____________ to ___________ with us?

Kevin : Sorry, I _____________. I have to go _____________ my new

_____________.

Marc : Oh, okay. Well, ____________ by sometime. I’m up in _____________.

Kevin : Hey, I’m on the same ____________. I’m in _________.

Marc : No kidding…

Kevin : Well, ____________ ___________ you, Zhen. I’m sure I’ll _____________

you guys ______________.

Zhen and Marc : See you later.

Pronunciation

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The –s EndingThe -s ending is pronounced differently, depending on the end of the word:

/iz/ after –ch, -sh, -s, -x, and -z endings.

Examples: teaches, uses, boxes

/s/ after voiceless -p, -t, -k, or -/endings.

Examples: drinks, speaks, hits

/z/ after voiced consonant endings.

Examples: carries, brings, father's

7 Distinguishing between –s Endings. Listen carefully as your teacher reads the following words. Check the sound of the word in a line. Then practice pronouncing the words. /s/ /iz/ /z/

1. toys ___ ___ ___

2. bushes ___ ___ ___

3. tips ___ ___ ___

4. earrings ___ ___ ___

5. buses ___ ___ ___

6. bracelets ___ ___ ___

7. taxes ___ ___ ___

8. scars ___ ___ ___

9. churches ___ ___ ___

10. mothers ___ ___ ___

8 Vocabulary Preview. Give the meanings of the underlined words. Writethe letter of the correct definition on the space provided after the number.

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Sentences Definitions1. _____ I’m not sure if my English is a. A person who gives opinions on what

intermediate or advanced, so to do.

I have to take a placement test.

2. _____ Many large universities have b. Timed, planned activities.

swimming pools, tennis courts,

and other sports facilities. c. An exam to find the student’s correct

3. _____ New workers in my company place or level.

go to an orientation on their first

day of work. This way they learn d. Informational meeting

all necessary information about

the company rules. e. Places or areas for special activities.

4. _____ My advisor always gives me good

advice about what classes to take.

5. _____ Geraldine has a busy schedule. She

has three classes in the morning

and two classes in the afternoon.

9 Read the speech

Hello everybody. Welcome to Northeastern College Language Center! I’m Joy Higgins,

your academic advisor. You can all just call me Joy. I know today is your first day at our

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school, so you’re probably a little nervous and maybe a little shy, too. So, I want to tell you

right at the beginning: if you don’t understand something, please don’t hesitate to ask

questions. Okay? And listen very carefully because we are going to give you a lot of

important information – information that will make your experience here enjoyable and useful.

Okay, here we go.

Let me tell you about the plan for today. There are three things on your schedule. First,

you will take placement test. This test will measure your English level. You will take a

reading, grammar, and composition test. Oh, and also listening. A listening test. The whole

test takes three hours.

Next, you will meet in small groups, with a teacher for an orientation. This orientation meeting

meet will be about important things you need to know, like where to buy your books, what

type of classes you will have and how to find a roommate. This is where you can ask a lot of

questions.

Finally, this afternoon, you will take a campus tour. We will show the main buildings

where your classrooms are; you will see some of school facilities like tennis court and

swimming pool. And you will also visit the library and computer laboratory. I think you will be

surprised how large and beautiful our campus is. All right. Are there any questions before we

begin?

10.Reviewing Notes. Look at the notes provided below. Theyshow main ideas of the speech. Do your notes have the same points? If yes, that means you understand the main ideas.

B. LISTENING AND SPEAKING IN THE REAL WORLDTelephone Messages

1 Listening to Telephone Messages. Kevin and Zhen have an answering

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Main Ideas Speaker : _____________________

Today’s Schedule : _____________________

______________________

_____________________

machine. The machine records the telephone messages when they are not at home. Listen carefully as your teacher reads the messages. For each message complete the form with the important information.

Outgoing Message

Recording: Hello. You have reached 050-200-956. Sorry, but we’re not in at this moment.

Please leave a message after you press zero. If you want to leave a message to Zhen, press

nine. Thank you for calling. And have a nice day.

Example: Caller 1: Zhen, this Sheila from Dr. Garcia’s office. I’m

calling to change your appointment. Unfortunately,

Dr. Garcia can’t see you at eight o’clock on

Wednesday. But I give you an appointment for

Friday at eight o’clock in the morning. I hope that’s

convenient for you. Please let us know at 050-200-

956.

T e l e p h o n e M e s s a g e

To Zhen YuanHere is a Message for You

Taken by KevinDate Tuesday Time 10:25 a.m.

Leaving a message is pretty simple. You only need to make sure that you have stated all the most important information: your name, the time, the reason for calling, your telephone number.

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Change an appointment from Wednesday to Friday at 8:00 a.m.From Dr. GarciaPhone No. 050-200-956 Ext. _____________ Telephoned Came to See You Please Phone Returned Your Call Wants to See You Will call Again

Practice WellMessage 1

Ken: Hello Kevin, this is Ken. It's about noon and I'm calling to see if you would

like to go to the METS game on Friday. Could you call me back? You can

reach me at 367-8925 until five this afternoon. I'll talk to you later, bye.

Message 2Jerry: Hi, my name is Jerry Beare. It’s ten in the morning. I’m calling to let you

know that our dance rehearsal was moved to Saturday. Would you mind to call

me back for more information? You can reach me at 067-700-649. Thanks a lot,

bye.

Message 3Jack: Hi, Kevin, it’s me, Jack. Listen, you want to go with us to a Click concert on

Sunday? My brother has a couple of free tickets. Give me a call today if you

can. I’m at Marvin’s house, and his number is 021-1136. The concerts start

at nine o’clock in the evening. Talk to you later.

Message 4Jean: This is Ms. Jean from the international student office, returning Mei Yan’s

call. I’m sorry, but we still don’t have your papers ready. Please call me at

extension 8112 if you have any questions.

Message 5Jasper: Kevin, this is Jasper. My advisor said you work with students in English, and

gave me your number. I need help for my Speech class. Can you let me know if

you’re available and how much you charge for tutoring? My number is 019-698-

513. I’ll talk to you later. Bye.

WRITE YOUR ANSWERS HERE!

1.

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To _____________________________________________________Here is a Message for You

Taken by ________________________________________________Date ____________________________ Time __________________

2.




3.

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__________________________________________________________________________________________________________From ________________________________________________Phone No. ____________________ Ext. ____________________ Telephoned Came to See You Please Phone Returned Your Call Wants to See You Will call Again





4.


To ______________________________________________Here is a Message for You

Taken by ________________________________________Date ____________________________ Time __________

5.

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__________________________________________________________________________________________From _________________________________________Phone No. ____________________ Ext. _____________ Telephoned Came to See You Please Phone Returned Your Call Wants to See You Will call Again


To ______________________________________________Here is a Message for You

Taken by ________________________________________Date ____________________________ Time __________

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__________________________________________________________________________________________From _________________________________________Phone No. ____________________ Ext. _____________ Telephoned Came to See You Please Phone Returned Your Call Wants to See You Will call Again

UNIT 2UNIT 2Reading Exploration I

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READING EXPLORATION I

A. Before You Read1 Form small groups and discuss about the pictures.

1. Name the places, things, and people. (CHOOSE ATLEAST 4 PICTURES)

A. ___________ B. ______________ C. _____________ D. _______________

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UNIT 2

Read2. Read the selection carefully and do the exercises that follow.

International StudentsI There are a lot of international students at institutions of higher learning in all around

the world. International students are referred to as “a post secondary student from other

country.” Post secondary means “after school.” Another meaning of international students is

“foreign students.” Foreign means “of different country or culture.” While some other people

don’t like the word foreign, so they use the phrase “international students.” For institutions of

higher learning, they usually say “university,” “college,” or “school.”

II International students leave their home countries and go to school abroad. When they

say abroad it means “in a foreign place.” By far, the country with the most students from

abroad is the United States, Canada, Great Britain, and some Europe countries also have a

lot of students from other countries. But more and more, students from around the worlds

attend colleges and universities in the developing nations of Latin America, Asia, and Africa.

Developing nations don’t have a high level of industrialization or technology.

III Why do high school and college graduates go to colleges and universities far from

their homes? Undergraduates are postsecondary students without college degrees. Often,

undergraduates want the experience of life in new cultures. Maybe they want to learn another

language well, in school and in real life. Many older students want degrees in business,

engineering, or technology. These subjects are not always available in their home countries.

Some governments and companies send their best graduate students and workers to other

countries for new knowledge and skills. And some students from expensive private schools at

home save money through study abroad, especially in developing nations.

IV Why do institutions of higher learning want international students? Of course, students

from other countries and cultures bring internationalism to the classroom or campus. They

bring different languages, customs, ideas, and opinions from many places around the world.

Usually, they study hard. Also, educational institutions need money. Tuition is the fee or

charge for instruction, and private school everywhere charges high tuition. One definition of

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citizens and immigrants is “legal members of a nation or country.” International students are

not citizens or immigrants, so they pay full tuition and fees to state or government schools.

And all students away from home spend money from housing, food, recreation, and other

things. For these reasons, many school and groups of school want students from other

countries.

V For various reasons, many high school and college graduates want or need to study

abroad. For other reasons, many nations want or need students from other countries and

cultures on their college and university campuses.

After You Read

3. Recognizing Reading Structure: Reading, Chapters, andParagraphs. The word structure means “organization or form.” It contains chapters which are the largest divisions of the book. And each chapter contains readings which the information of the reading comes in paragraphs. A paragraph is a division or part about one idea or one kind of information. In reading, there is a capital letter next to each five of the paragraphs. The information in each paragraph of the reading material answers a different question.

Now based on the selection “International Students” you’ve read, which question does each paragraph answer? Write the roman numerals I, II, III, IV, or V on the line. Number 1 is done for you.

1. II _ Why do international students go to school abroad?

2. _________ Why do institutions of higher learning want foreign students?

3. _________ In what countries do international students attend colleges and universities?

4. _________ What is the conclusions of this reading material?

5. _________ What are some definitions of words and phrases in international higher

education?

4. Understanding the Main Idea. Read the selection “InternationalStudents” once again. In each paragraph has a main idea or a point. Now, answer the following exercises by writing T if the statement is true and F if it is false on the lines provided after the number. Number 1 is done for you.

1. T International students in institutions of higher learning are foreign students at

colleges and universities around the world.

2. _______ Students don’t like to go to school abroad. Colleges and universities don’t

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want learners from other countries.

3. _______ The United States and European countries have equal numbers of students

from abroad. Foreigners don’t study in developing countries.

4. _______ High school and college graduates go to school in foreign countries for only

one reason. They want to leave home.

5. _______ Colleges and universities around the world want an international student for

several reasons, so they advertise and try to get students in other ways.

5 Answering Paragraph Questions with Details. The definition of detailsis “single or specific pieces of information.” Some kinds of details are examples, facts, and reasons. Answer the following questions based on the selection. Encircle the letter of the sentence that is unrelated to the main idea. Number 1 is done for you.

1. What are some definitions of words and phrases in international higher education?

a. Another phrase for international students is “foreign students.”

b. The meaning of postsecondary is “after high school.”

c. The definition of an international student is “a postsecondary student from

another country.”

d. The word school usually means “a large group of fish.”

2. Why do international students go to school abroad?

a. They want the experience of life and language in another country and culture.

b. They need technological information and skills not available in their home

countries.

c. They can’t pay full tuition to state or government colleges and universities.

d. In developing nations, they can save money through lower tuition and living

costs.

3. Why do institutions of higher learning want international students?

a. They don’t want to send their students to universities in other countries.

b. International students bring internationalism to the classroom and campus.

c. People from other countries are usually very good students.

d. Foreign students pay high tuition and fees and put money into the economy.

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4. Where do international students attend college and universities?

a. The United States has the most students from other countries.

b. Developing nations have a high level of industrialization or technology.

c. Many foreign students attend school in Canada, Great Britain, and some

European nations.

d. More and more students from abroad attend school in Latin America, Asia, and

Africa.

Vocabulary and Language Learning Skills6 Finding Definitions of Vocabulary Items. Match the definitions in

column B with the vocabulary items in column A. Then write your answers on the space provided before the number. Check your answers in a dictionary or with your teacher.

Column A Column B

________ 1. the Internet a. college or university learners from

________ 2. transportation other countries

________ 3. distance learning b. charges or fees for instruction

________ 4. campus facilities c. courses given by means of video,

________ 5. college tuition video conferencing, or computers to

________ 6. academic lectures students in various location

________ 7. certificates and degrees d. after high school

________ 8. postsecondary e. out of our country or in foreign places

________ 9. abroad f. the buildings and equipment of a

________ 10. international students school, college, or university

g. a system of instant communication

by computer

h. formal talks by professor or

instructors on subjects of study

i. papers saying you have completed a

course of a studies

j. methods or ways of going from one

place to another, like cars, bicycles,

and buses

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7. Recognizing Words with the Same or Similar Meanings. Put an (x)

mark on the word that does not belong to a group. Number 1 is done for you.

1. nations culture country software

2. teachers instructors professors undergraduates

3. scholarships titles loans financial aid

4. higher ways methods styles

5. students atmosphere learners class members

6. technical assignment homework requirement

7. individual casual informal relaxed

8. a quiz a cafeteria a test an exam

9. exit differ vary be different

10. a score the textbook pints a grade

8 Real-Life Reading. Put check (√) mark on the space provide beforethe kinds available at your school. Bring some examples to class. Write down the important vocabulary items and give simple definitions of the words and phrases.

_____________ a catalog of courses

_____________ a school newspaper

_____________ a handbook of information for students

_____________ a course schedule

_____________ a list of campus facilities and services

_____________ a page from school Website

_____________ information about educational programs

_____________ a campus map

_____________ other ______________________________________

Read the selection carefully and do the exercises that follow.

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The Powerful Influence of Weather

I Weather has a powerful effect on the physical world. It also affects people’s

personalities and we know the effects through the biometeorologists. These are the scientists

who are weather researchers. They study human health and emotions in response to

atmospheric conditions. The word atmosphere means “the air around the earth.”

“Atmospheric condition at a time or place” is a definition of the word weather. Some examples

of these conditions are sun, wind, rain, snow, humidity (the amount of moisture in the air),

and air pressure (the force of air). The weather conditions of the atmosphere greatly influence

people’s health, thinking, and feelings.

II All over the world winds come down from high mountain areas. The wind fall faster

and faster, and the air becomes warmer and drier. According to biometeorologists in Russia,

powerful wind from the mountains increases the number of strokes (blood vessels attack in

the brain). Also, sometimes strong southern winds blow north over Italy. During this time,

researchers say, Italians have more heart attacks (sudden stopping of the heart). People

everywhere have bad headaches during times of forceful winds. And Japanese weather

scientists say there is an increase in the number of asthma attacks. (Asthma is a lung

disorder. It causes breathing problems.)

III Sudden temperature changes in winter are often associated with colds or flu.

However, cold and flu probably increase because people are in close contact indoors in cold

water. Colds and flu may even lead to pneumonia (another lung disease). Other illnesses

also increase during long periods (times) of cold weather. In most places, diseases of the

blood and heart attacks are more common in winter. But in some very hot and humid (wet)

regions, there are more heart attacks in summer. Many people have high blood pressure (a

health conditions). In three out of four people, blood pressure falls (goes down) in warm

weather. But some people have lower blood pressure in the cool or cold times of the year.

IV These forces of nature greatly affect people’s moods (emotional conditions and

feelings) too. For many people, winter in the northern regions is very depressing. They eat

and sleep a lot, but they usually feel tired. They are nervous and can’t work well. They are

irritable (not very nice to other people). Biometeorologists even have a name for this

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condition. The name is Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). Scientist think that the cause of

this mood disorder is the long periods of darkness. Even during the day, it is often cloudy or

gray. What can people with SAD do about of moods? Naturally, they need more light! On

bright days they feel better. But people don’t work very well on sunny, hot, and humid days.

The best weather for good work and thinking is cool and clear.

V If you have these above mentioned signs, remember that according to the

biometeorologists and other weather scientists-the cause may be the atmosphere!

After You Read1. Recognizing Paragraph Topics. Given a paragraph topics taken from

the selection “The Powerful Influence of Weather,” write the roman numerals I, II, III, IV, or V on the line. Number 1 is done for you.

1. II the effects of the strong winds from mountain regions on health

2. ________ some other kinds of weather with an influence on physical health

3. ________ some definitions of important words on the topic of weather

4. ________ the conclusion of the reading selection

5. ________ some human emotional responses to atmospheric conditions

2. Understanding the Main Idea. Read the selection “The PowerfulInfluence of Weather” once again. In each paragraph has a main idea or a point. Now, answer the following exercises by writing T if the statement is true and F if it is false on the lines provided after the number. Number 1 is done for you.

1. F Biometeorologists are “researchers into human responses to academic

lectures. ” A definition of weather is “places on the earth like mountains,

countries, and communities.

2. ________ The atmosphere and weather don’t affect people’s moods. People in the

northern regions eat and sleep a lot, work badly, are tired, and feel

depressed all the time.

3. ________ According to scientist, cause of health problems and sad moods may be

higher education around the world!

4. ________ During times of fast, strong winds from high mountain areas, there are more

health problems like strokes, heart attacks, headaches, and asthma.

5. ________ Sudden winter temperature changes, long cold periods, or heat and humidity

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can bring illnesses and health problems like colds, flu, or pneumonia.

3 Recognizing the Main Idea. In each paragraph of the reading sectiontells more than the main idea which give details of the “message.” It can be an example of the main idea. Answer the following questions based on the selection. Encircle the letter of the sentence that is unrelated to the main idea. Number 1 is done for you.

1. There are some important words related to the topic of the powerful influence of weather.

a. Atmospheric conditions is another phrase for weather.

b. Sun, wind, temperature, air pressure, and the amount of moisture in the

atmosphere are some kinds of weather with effects on human health and

emotions.

c. A definition of biometeorologists is “researchers with interest in human

responses to the weather.”

d. The meaning of the word mountains is “very high areas on the earth or globe.”

2. Some kinds of winds might cause illness or health problems.

a. Bad headaches and asthma attacks are some possible examples of the effects

of the winds.

b. There are biometeorologists in many countries, like Russia, Italy, and Japan.

c. These winds from mountain regions blow faster and faster. They warm and dry

the air.

d. Researchers say there are more strokes and heart attacks during windy weather

of this kind.

3. Many other kinds of weather can influence human physical health.

a. Sudden winter temperature changes might bring colds, flu, or pneumonia.

b. During long cold periods, people have more blood diseases and heart attacks.

c. Some people are always sad or depressed or moody. Weather isn’t important to

them.

d. Air temperature affects people’s blood pressure in different ways.

4. The weather and atmosphere have powerful effects on people’s emotions.

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a. Bright, sunny days and high humidity can also affect human emotions.

b. Cloudy, gray days often mean rain or snow. There may be sun on those days.

c. In northern areas of the earth, the long periods of darkness influence many

people’s moods.

d. People with SAD may feel hungry, tired, nervous, and depressed.

Vocabulary and Language Learning Skills4 Finding Definitions of Vocabulary Items. Match the definitions in

column B with the vocabulary items in column A. Then write your answers on the space provided before the number. Check your answers in a dictionary or with your teacher.

Column A Column B________ 1. natural areas or regions a. stroke, asthma, influenza, pneumonia,

of the earth headaches, Blood pressure, arthritis

________ 2. how people feel b. winter, spring, summer, fall

________ 3. seasons of the year c. hot, warm, cool, cold

________ 4. diseases or health d. Japan, China, Russia, Italy, Germany,

the United States

________ 5. atmospheric conditions e. the ocean, seas, islands, Deserts, forests

________ 6. kinds of extreme weather f. coal, oil, carbon dioxide, air, water

________ 7. the largest areas of the g. blizzards, tornados, hurricanes, floods,

globe droughts

________ 8. countries of the world h. happy, tired, sad, depressed, nervous,

irritable

________ 9. air temperatures i. Asia, Europe, Africa, the Americas

________ 10. earth’s natural materials j. sun, rain, snow, wind, humidity

and gases

5 Recognizing Words with the Same or Similar Meanings. Put an (x)

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mark on the word that does not belong to a group. Number 1 is done for you.

1. region area place real life

2. sad common depressed low in mood

3. season time of year air pressure three-month period

4. scientists human beings meteorologists weather researchers

5. global powerful forceful physically strong

6. feelings moods physical health human emotions

7. fall go down get lower increase

8. the world the globe the planet Earth countries and cultures

9. condition affect influence have an effect on

10. disease sicknesses science health disorder and problems


_____________ nature postcards

_____________ travel brochures about nature

_____________ weather maps and other special maps

_____________ physical maps with mountain regions, rivers

_____________ other _____________________________________________

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UNIT 3UNIT 3

Writing Enrichment I26

WRITING ENRICHMENT I

A. Interviewing Someone

1 Conduct an interview with the people in your community at least 3 person and put their latest picture.

1. What is your name?

__________________________________________________________

2. Where do you come from?

__________________________________________________________

3. How old are you?

__________________________________________________________

4. Are you currently studying?

__________________________________________________________

5. What is your job?

__________________________________________________________

6. What is your favorite food?

__________________________________________________________

7. What is your favorite sports?

__________________________________________________________

8. What are your likes and dislikes?

__________________________________________________________

9. What do you do in your free time?

__________________________________________________________

10. What are your plans for the future?

__________________________________________________________

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UNIT 3


__________________________________________________________


__________________________________________________________

3. How old are you?

__________________________________________________________


__________________________________________________________


__________________________________________________________


__________________________________________________________


__________________________________________________________


__________________________________________________________


__________________________________________________________


__________________________________________________________

28


__________________________________________________________


__________________________________________________________

3. How old are you?

__________________________________________________________


__________________________________________________________


__________________________________________________________


__________________________________________________________


__________________________________________________________


__________________________________________________________


__________________________________________________________


__________________________________________________________

29

2 Here is an example of the reporter’s article about the student Jennifer P. Maderazo. Look at the questions and answers. Write F if the statement is fact and O if it is opinion. Write your answer on the space provided before the number. Number 1 is done for you.

Jennifer P. Maderazo is one of

the

transferee students at Queensland University of

Technology. She is 20 years of age and from

Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain. It is located at the

Mediterranean Sea and offers true metropolis. We

can also found the Gothic and the works of architect

Antoni Gaudi in her country. She is studying here

because her mother is an Australian, so she wants

to learn more about her motherland. She is living in

Queensland with her grandparents. She likes QUT very much. She likes her friendly

classmates, schoolmates, and her the helpful teachers. But she doesn’t like the food at the

canteen. In her free time, Jennifer stays in the library and learns more English words. After

her schooling, she wants to be a successful lawyer.

F 1. What is your name? Jennifer P. Maderazo.

_____ 2. Where do you come from? Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain.

_____ 3. How old are you? 20 years old.

_____ 4. Why are you studying in this school?

mother is an Australian, grandparents live here in Queensland

_____ 5. What classes are taking up? Social Science, English, art

_____ 6. Why are you studying English? necessary for work

_____ 7. What do you like about this school?

friendly classmates, schoolmates, helpful teachers

_____ 8. What do you dislikes about this school? food at the canteen

_____ 9. What do you do in your free time?

stays in the library and learns more English words

30

Jennifer P. MaderazoQueensland University of Technology

Bachelor of Laws

_____ 10. What are your plans for the future? successful lawyer

B. Interpreting a Painting

Watson and the Sharkby John Singleton Copley

1778

Watson and the Shark was inspired by an event that took place in Havana, Cuba in

1749. Fourteen-year-old Brook Watson, an orphan serving crew member on a trading ship, was

attacked by a shark while swimming alone in the harbor. His shipmates, who had been waiting on

board to escort their captain ashore, launched a valiant rescue effort.

Copley chose to depict the moment of highest dramatic intensity -- the instant just prior to the

third, presumably fatal, attack. Viewers had no way of knowing that the lad would be plucked from the

jaws of death by his stalwart companions.

Brook Watson, a young sailor out for a swim, was attacked by a shark and saved by his

shipmates. The shark bit off part of Watson's leg, but he recovered and went on to live a well-

documented, one-legged life as a merchant and politician in London, and eventually served a term as

mayor from 1796-97. It is likely that Watson commissioned the painting from Copley.

“Was it not for preserving the resemblance of particular persons,” Copley complained about

colonial America, “painting would not be known in the place.” He dreamed of working in England’s

more cosmopolitan artistic environment and of making “history paintings,” those images of religious,

mythological, or historical events that were traditionally considered the apex of artistic achievement. In

1774 Copley left America and began a forty-year career in London. Watson and the Shark, his first

large-scale history painting, depicts the heroic rescue of English merchant Brook Watson (1735–

1807) who, as a young cabin boy, lost a leg to a shark while swimming in the harbor of Havana, Cuba.

31

Watson and the Shark is an astonishing achievement for an artist who had previously painted only

portraits.

Practice Well2 Rewrite the selection entitled “Watson and the Shark.”

_______________________

_______________________

_______________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

32

_______________________________________________________________________

UNIT 4UNIT 4Listening and Speaking

Enrichment33

LISTENING AND SPEAKING ENRICHMENT

WeatherListening for Temperatures. Listen carefully as your teacher reads

the conversations about the weather. Encircle the temperatures you hear.

Language Tip: In weather reports you may hear that the temperature is “ in the 30s”

(40s, 50s, etc.). This means that the temperature is anywhere between

30 and 39 degrees.

Conversation 1Student A : Did you check the weather forecasts?

Student B : Yes. It’s supposed to be in the high seventies this weekend.

Student A : The seventies? I guess we can forget about skiing.

1. 70 70s 17

Conversation 2Student A : How was the weather in Europe this summer?

Student B : Just lovely. Sunny but never over thirty degrees.

Student A : Thirty? Oh, you mean Celsius.

2. 30s 30 13

34

UNIT 4

Conversation 3Student A : Let’s go for a walk.

Student B : What is it like out?

Student A : About forty degrees, but the wind has stopped.

Student B : Thanks, but I think I will stay inside where it’s warm.

3. 14 40 44

Conversation 4Student A : I’m gonna take a swim. Wanna come?

Student B : Is the pool heated?

Student A : Sure. It’s probably over eighty degrees.

4. 80 18 8

Conversation 5Student A : What’s the weather like today?

Student B : Hot and humid and about ninety-five degrees.

5. 19 95 99

Conversation 6Student A : How was your skiing holiday?

Student B : Great! The weather was in the thirties and we had perfect snow conditions.

6. 13 30 30s

35

Conversation 7Student A : It’s hundred and three in here! Why you don’t turn on the air conditioning?

Student B : It’s broken.

7. 103 130 133

Conversation 8Student A : What’s wrong?

Student B : It’s thirteen below outside and I can’t find my gloves.

Student A : Here. Use mine. I have an extra pair.

8. –13 30 3

Vocabulary Preview. Guess the meanings of the underlined words.Write your answers on the space provided before the number. Check your answers in a dictionary or with your teacher.

Sentences Definitions______ 1. The weather forecast says we can expect a. a little cold

fair skies this weekend. Let’s go skiing! b. during the night

______ 2. The overnight temperature will be 25 degrees. c. clear, not rainy

______ 3. Bring your raincoat. There’s a chance of d. blue in some places

showers later. and cloudy in others

______ 4.The sky is partly cloudy. It’s not a good day e. light rain

for the beach.

______ 5. Just stay inside the house. It’s chilly outside.

36

Vocabulary

A. Give the kinds of weather here in Thailand.

a. ______________________________________________________

b. ______________________________________________________

c. ______________________________________________________

d. ______________________________________________________

Use the words above in the sentence.

a. ______________________________________________________

b. ______________________________________________________

c. ______________________________________________________

d. ______________________________________________________

37

UNIT 5UNIT 5

38

“Healthy Food, Healthy Diet”

HEALTHY FOOD, HEALTHY DIET

1 Vocabulary Preview. Complete these sentences. Choose from the lists given.

produce kilo gallon take checks

in line groceries aisle

1. The train station was very crowded. There were many passengers bound to Lao.

I had to wait _______________ for thirty minutes to buy a ticket.

2. I hate frozen vegetables and fruit. I only eat fresh _______________.

3. Oranges are cheap now. They cost twenty baht per _____________.

4. Customer : Excuse me, where is the chocolate section?

Saleslady : It’s on _______________ two.

5. You can pay with cash or credit card, but this market doesn’t _______________.

6. I spent 200 baht on my _______________ last week at Lotus. But now I spent

350 baht. Oh, the food is really expensive here!

7. We have a big family. We buy a _______________ of milk every week.

READ2 Listening for Main Ideas. Mr. and Mrs. Goodie are doing their weekly

grocery shopping.

1. Listen carefully as your teacher reads the conversation. Answer the questions that follow.

39

UNIT 5

Mr. Goodie : Well, honey, I got a few things that aren’t on the grocery list.

Mrs. Goodie : I can see that! You’re not shopping for an army, you know.

Mr. Goodie : You know I always do this when I’m hungry.

Mrs. Goodie : Well, let’s see what you have here.

Mr. Goodie : Some nice and fresh oranges for only twenty baht per kilo.

Mrs. Goodie : Well, that’s fine. They always have nice produce here. But why do

you have all these cookies?

Mr. Goodie : I don’t know; don’t you like them?

Mrs. Goodie : Oh, I suppose. I hope you have a box of chocolate here.

Mr. Goodie : Oops, I forgot. Where can we find the chocolate section in this

market?

Mrs. Goodie : Aisle 2.

Mr. Goodie : I’ll go get it.

Mrs. Goodie : Wait – this steak you got looks really expensive!

Mr. Goodie : Well, it isn’t. It’s on sale for just eighty-five baht per kilo.

Mrs. Goodie : And what’s this? More ice cream? We already have a galloon at

home. Go put it back. Meanwhile, I’ll get in line.

Cashier : I’m sorry, ma’am; this is the express line. You have too many

groceries, and we don’t take checks here.

1. What are Mr. and Mrs. Goodie discussing?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2. How much did the oranges cost?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

3. Why is Mr. Goodie buying so much food?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

4. What did Mr. Goodie forget?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

5. Why can't the Goodies use the express line?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

40

3 Listening for Stressed Words. Listen to the conversation once more.

1. The stressed words are missing. Fill out the blanks with words in the box. Some words can be used twice.

eighty-five

sale

oranges

checks

chocolate

not

have

steak

sorry

expensive

see

more

express

that

army

wait

galloon

aisle

always

produce

really

few

too

line

back

cookies

why

forgot

isn’t

like

box

what’s

grocery

aren’t

twenty

I’ll

many

take

Mr. Goodie : Well, honey, I got a ___________ things that ___________ on the

___________ list.

Mrs. Goodie : I can ___________ ___________! You’re ___________ shopping for an

___________, you know.

Mr. Goodie : You know I ___________ do this when I’m hungry.

Mrs. Goodie : Well, let’s ___________ what you ___________ here.

Mr. Goodie : Some nice and fresh ___________ for only ___________ baht per kilo.

Mrs. Goodie : Well, that’s fine. They ___________ have nice ___________ here. But

___________ do you have all these ___________?

Mr. Goodie : I don’t know; don’t you ___________ them?

Mrs. Goodie : Oh, I suppose. I hope you have a ___________ of ___________ here.

Mr. Goodie : Oops, I ___________. Where can we find the ___________ section in this

market?

41

Mrs. Goodie : ___________ 2.

Mr. Goodie : ___________ go get it.

Mrs. Goodie : ___________ – this ___________ you got looks ___________

___________!

Mr. Goodie : Well, it ___________. It’s on ___________ for just ___________ baht per

kilo.

Mrs. Goodie : And ___________ this? ___________ ice cream? We already have a

___________ at home. Go put it ___________. Meanwhile, I’ll get in line.

Cashier : I’m ___________, ma’am; this is the ___________ line. You have

___________ ___________ groceries, and we don’t ___________

___________ here.

4. Vocabulary Preview. Give the meanings of the underlined words.Write the letter of the correct definition on the space provided before the number.

Sentences Definitions

______ 1. Diet pills are very dangerous. A. canned or frozen food

______ 2. If she doesn’t exercise, she’ll

gain weight. B. avoid; not eat

______ 3. After the party I’m going to go

on a diet because I ate too much C. too fat

during the celebration.

______ 4. Fresh food is healthier than D. to start a program for losing weight

prepackaged food.

______ 5. My mother lost ten pounds in a E. to get fatter

week on a crash diet, but she

gained it all back. F. unit for measuring the energy

______ 6. Daisy weighs 150 pounds. The value of food

doctor says that she is overweight.

______ 7. If you want to lose weight, G. a diet where you lose weigh very fast

you should stay away from because you only eat one type of

fattening foods like ice cream. food

42

______ 8. A piece of bread has about

75 calories. H. medicine that helps people lose

weight

UNIT 6UNIT 6

43

Reading Exploration II

READING EXPLORATION II

1 Read the selection carefully and do the exercises that follow.

The Changing Global DietI Most words in the English language have more than one simple or basic meaning.

One example is the word diet. The most general definition of the noun is “a person’s or a

group’s usual food choices and habits.” In a more specific definition, diet means “an eating

plan with only certain kinds or amounts of food.” For instance, a diet is often a plan to lose

weight. And as a verb, diet means “go on a diet.”

44

UNIT 6

II All over the world, the global diet includes fast food-prepared items from inexpensive

restaurants, snack bars, or food stands. Some examples of typically American fast food are

hamburgers, hot dogs, sandwiches, fried chicken, and so on. Some types of international fast

foods might be German sausage and schnitzel, Italian pizza and pasta, Mexican tacos and

burritos, Middle Eastern shish kabob and falafel, Japanese sushi and tempura, Chinese

eggrolls and noodles, and the like. The variety of fast food available on the planet is growing.

Even so, this kind or style of nourishment is becoming universal, or worldwide. Fast-food

places usually prepare and serve the items quickly. Many are part of fast-food chains (eating

places with the same name and company owner). For instance, the biggest and most famous

American fast-food chain serves hamburgers in every continent on the planet except

Antarctica. In over 120 different countries, its 25,000 eating places have the same look. They

have similar atmosphere. The menu items may not be exactly alike from one culture to

another, but the style and taste of the foods don’t differ much.

III For several reasons, many people choose fast food. First, it is quick and convenient.

Second, it is cheaper than special home-cooked meals or formal restaurant dinners. And

third, it is identical in every eating place with the same company name. The atmosphere and

style of most fast-food places is casual, comfortable, and similar. So why do other eaters

dislike or stay away from this fast, easy kind of nourishment? The main reason is its low

nutritional value. Fats food doesn’t contain large amounts of fiber, vitamins, minerals, and the

like-elements necessary for good nutrition and health. In contrast, most types of fast food

have a lot of fat, cholesterol, sugar, or salt in them. Possibly, these substances can cause or

increase health disorders, like heart disease, strokes, and some kinds of cancer.

IV Some people believe food should be perfectly fresh and “natural.” According to natural

food eaters, fast food is not good for human beings. They don’t believe convenience foods-

canned, frozen, or packaged in other ways-are very nutritious either. On the other hand,

these quick and easy kinds of worldwide nourishment are generally getting better and more

healthful. For instance, many fast food restaurants now have salad bars and put vegetable

items on their menus. In some places, customers can get fish or veggieburgers instead of

hamburgers, and grilled chicken instead of fried. Also, some newer kinds of packaged and

prepared food contain less fat, cholesterol, sugar, or salt than before. Of course, people

everywhere like to snack on junk food (candy, cookies, potato chips, ice cream, and other

45

things without much nutritional value). For health and sales reasons, some snack food

companies are producing packaged items with less fat, sugar, or salt. And nutrition bars-

snacks with a lot of protein, vitamins, and other nourishing food elements-are becoming more

widely available.

V Of course, human beings around the world don’t always eat in fast-food places. They

don’t buy only canned, frozen, or packaged convenience items from stores or machines. A

few families are producing food on their own, but most people buy it from markets in their

communities. Some choose only natural food, items without chemical substances. Many

families prepare good meals at home. Other people are restaurants customers. Universally,

more meals include the basic necessary food elements-protein, carbohydrates and fats. A

greater number of dishes contain the necessary vitamins and minerals. Almost everywhere,

some kind of meat, fish, dairy product, or another protein food is part of a good breakfast,

lunch or dinner. There are also grains, breads, vegetables, fruit, and the like. The variety of

food choices is large now and is probably going to increase. The number of food preparation

methods is growing too. Cooking customs, eating habits, and food preferences all over the

world are becoming more healthful. In these and other ways, the global diet is changing.

1 Understanding the Main Idea. Read the selection “The ChangingGlobal Diet” once again. In each paragraph has a main idea or a point. Now, answer the following exercises by writing T if the statement is true and F if it is false on the lines provided after the number.

1. ________ Some eaters enjoy the convenience, price, and familiar comfort of fast

food. Other people dislike its low nutritional value.

2. ________ The global diet is changing mostly in bad ways. Few people buy fresh,

natural foods at markets. No families cook at home. Not many meals

contain the necessary food elements. And there is a smaller variety of food

choices and preparation methods.

3. ________ Fast food has very little variety around the world. It is always hamburgers,

hot dogs, and fried chicken. But the style of the nourishment and the

atmosphere of the eating places vary a lot in different countries.

4. ________ Fast foods and convenience foods are getting less and less healthful.

The restaurant items are always fried, and here are no vegetables. The

46

packaged items are going to contain more fat, sugar, salt, and so on.

5. ________ The word diet has two basic definitions-“usual food choices” and “an

eating plan.”

2 Answering Paragraph Questions with Details. The definition of detailsis “single or specific pieces of information.” Some kinds of details are examples, facts, and reasons. Answer the following questions based on the selection. Encircle the letter of the sentence that is unrelated to the main idea. Number 1 is done for you.

1. The global diet is changing in some good ways. What are some examples of these changes for the better?

a. A few families are producing their own food, and many more are buying natural

or nutritious food from market.

b. Health disorders like heart disease, strokes, and cancer are no longer

related to food and eating.

c. Many people are preparing, cooking, and eating healthful meals and their own

homes.

d. The available variety of healthful nourishment choices-protein foods, grains,

vegetables, and fruit-is large and growing.

2. In what ways are fast foods and convenience foods becoming better and more healthful?

a. Some people buy and eat only natural foods without chemicals of any kind.

b. Many fast food eating places have salad bars and include vegetables on their

menus.

c. Instead of hamburger high in fat and cholesterol, customer can get fish or

veggieburgers or grilled chicken.

d. Some newer kinds of packaged foods contain less fat, sugar, or salt than before.

3. For what reason is fast food becoming the same or similar in various cultures around

the globe.

a. It includes typically American kinds of food like hamburgers, hot dogs, fried

chicken.

b. Quick and convenient items from Germany, Italy, Mexico, China, and other

47

countries are available too.

c. Formal restaurant meals can be expensive or cheap, fast or slow, nutritious or

low in fiber.

d. The eating places have a similar look and atmosphere, and they may be part of a

chain.

4. Some people like to eat fast food, but others don’t. What are the reason for their preferences?

a. Fast food is usually quick, convenient, and inexpensive.

b. Fast-food restaurants, snack bars, and other eating places are informal,

comfortable, and familiar.

c. Fast food may not contain the necessary elements or substances for good

nutrition and health.

d. People can’t get vegetables and fruit or other kinds of nourishment from the

stores or machines.

5. What are some examples of possible meaning of the word diet?

a. ideas or information to think about

b. a person’s or a group’s usual food choices or habits

c. an eating plan with only certain kinds or amount s of food

d. a way to lose weight

Vocabulary and Language Learning Skills3 Finding Definitions of Vocabulary Items. Match the meaning

categories in column B with the vocabulary items in column A. Then write your answers on the space provided before the number. Check your answers in a dictionary or with your teacher.

Vocabulary Items Meaning Categories

________ 1. North America, South America, Europe, a. beverages

Asia, Africa, a few others b. vegetables

________ 2. summer, fall(autumn),winter, spring c. seasons of the year

________ 3. broccoli, cabbage, beans, potatoes, d. weather conditions

onions, green peppers, etc. e. eating places and food

48

________ 4. business, engineering, technology stores

computer science, etc. f. subjects of college study

________ 5. Canada, Brazil, Great Britain, Germany, g. countries

Russia, Korea, etc. h. continents

________ 6. sun, rain, snow, Ice, wind, humidity, i. nutrients and food

drought, fog, clouds, etc. elements

________ 7. restaurants, fast-food chains, snack bars j. kinds of meals

food stands, markets, etc.

________ 8. protein, carbohydrates, fats, cholesterol,

. vitamins, minerals, etc.

________ 9. water, coffee, tea, wine, beer, juice,

soft drinks, and other beverages

________ 10. breakfast lunch, dinner, supper, snacks

and the like


_____________ recipes

_____________ diet plans

_____________ menus from restaurants

_____________ labels on packaged convenience food

_____________ newspapers food advertisements

_____________ other _____________________________________________

49

Vocabulary and Language Learning Skills5 Recognizing Word Endings. One way to tell the part of speech of a

vocabulary item is to recognize its function or purpose. Another useful clue to the part of speech of a word is its ending, or suffix. Here are few of the common word endings that may indicate if a word is a noun, an adjective, or an adverb.

Nouns Adjectives Adverbs

Suffixes Examples Suffixes Examples Suffixes Examples- age usage - able breakable - ly quickly- al proposal - ible responsible - ward backward - ance performance - ant ignorant - wise clockwise- ence reference - al accidental- ant assistant - ent different- er singer - y healthy- cy accuracy - en earthen- dom wisdom - ese japanese- ee trainee - ful eventful- hood adulthood - ic / ical magical- ion instruction - ious / ous religious- ism optimism - ish childish- ity popularity - ive creative- ment involvement - less penniless- ness usefulness - ly princely- ogy zoology - proof waterproof - ship leadership - some troublesome- ure failure

Here are some of the important nouns, adjectives, and adverbs (related words) form the book. On the line before each item, indicate the part of speech: write n for “noun,” adj. for “adjective,” or adv. for “adverb.” Underline the ending (suffix) that indicates the part of speech.1. _____ visual 11. _____ believable 21. _____ religious

2. _____ forward 12. _____ beneficial 22. _____ production

3. _____ television 13. _____ biological 23. _____ preventive

4. _____ theoretical 14. _____ agreeably 24. _____ prevention

5. _____ supportive 15. _____ agreement 25. _____ politeness

6. _____ similarly 16. _____ agreement 26. _____ convenient

50

7. _____ sensible 17. _____ active 27. _____ magnificent

8. _____ returnable 18. _____ actively 28. _____ longevity

9. _____ residence 19. _____ disappearance 29. _____ ability

10. ____ requirements 20. _____ activity 30. _____ changeable

6 Choosing Word Forms with Suffixes. The following are somesentences with related words – nouns, adjectives, and adverbs – on the topic of the reading material of this chapter. Within each pair of parentheses ( ), underline the correct word form. Number 1 is done for you.

1. Three (mountains / mountainous) regions of the globe are (fame / famous) for the

(longevity / long) of their lives.

2. Many scientists believe in the (value / valuable) of (genes / genetic) research and

engineering. They hope they can make (defects / defective) genes healthy and prevent

(biology / biological) diseases.

3. Farmers in the countryside (usual / usually) lead (action / active) lives that is to say,

they fill their days with (activity / actively) and physical (move / movement).

4. Some patients are (ignorance / ignorant) of the facts they need to make the best

(medicine / medical) (decisions / decisive). These people may benefit from the

(recommendations / recommend) of a number of health experts.

5. The amount of (availability / available) medical (information / informative) on the World

Wide Web is amazing. This (combination / combined) of proven fact and opinion is

changing (culture / cultural) attitudes of people about their own healthcare.

6. Official birth records of (special / specially) long-lived people are seldom (availability /

available). Nevertheless, health specialists are in (agreement / agreeable): these

amazing people are (general / generally) in good health when they die.

7. How (importance / important) is the (environment / environmentally) to human health?

There is some (confusion / confused) about the (validity / valid) of the research into

matter.

8. In some regions, the (types / typical) diet of the inhabitants consists of (most / mostly)

meat and dairy products; in contrast, other groups consume (main / mainly) fruits and

vegetables and use (tradition / traditional) herbs as medicine.

9. Is a simple, (nature / naturally) (nutrition / nutritious) diet (benefits / beneficial) to human

health? Is physical work also (advantages / advantageous)?

51

10. According to (science / scientific) research, many elderly inhabitants of the Himalayan

Mountains are still in good (physical / physical) health. One (reason / reasonable) for

their amazing condition might be the low level of (pollution / polluted) in their

(environment / environmental).

7 Real-Life Reading. Put check (√) mark on the space provided beforethe kinds available at your school. Bring some examples to class. Write down the important vocabulary items and give simple definitions of the words and phrases.

_____________ publications of the International Red Cross or other organizations

that offer help in emergencies

_____________ first-aid books, publications that give official or expert advice on

how to help in medical emergencies until a doctor or ambulance

arrives

_____________ brochures, pamphlets, or fliers on emergency situations, available

from police and fire departments and other government offices

_____________ other _____________________________________________

52

UNIT 7UNIT 7Writing Exploration II

53

WRITING ENRICHMENT II

A. Describing Holiday Foods

1

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

54

UNIT 7

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

The First Thanksgiving, What Was It Really Like?

A family get-together at Thanksgiving

is a long-standing tradition in our country.

Thanksgiving is the holiday when relatives

congregate to enjoy each other's company

and appreciate a good meal together.

Another Thanksgiving tradition is

school activities about the Pilgrims and the

Indians. Students in the early grades learn

about being thankful for their food by acting

out scenes of the harvest celebration at

Plymouth Colony. Can you remember a

Thanksgiving activity from your own early

school years? Maybe you dressed up in a

black and white Pilgrim outfit or a colorful

feathered Indian headdress made of

construction paper. Maybe you painted

scenes with Indian teepees in the

background. Or maybe you

drew a picture of the first Thanksgiving feast with turkey and pumpkin pie served up by

generous Pilgrims.

Is this what the first Thanksgiving was really like? The answer is both "yes" and "no."

Yes, there have been harvest celebrations and celebrations of thanks since the

earliest days of our country. Longer than that, as a matter of fact. Since ancient times, Native

American tribes have held ceremonies of thanks for a good harvest and for other good

fortune.

So, what parts are not true? In plays and stories about the 1621 Thanksgiving, often

55

called the "First Thanksgiving," many of the details are inaccurate. In fact, so many of the

details of some traditional elementary school Thanksgiving plays were inaccurate, that the

Thanksgiving story you or your parents learned in elementary school may have been only

part history. The other part was myth.

A myth is a story made up and handed down to teach or explain something. The myth

of the First Thanksgiving has only been around for about 100 years.

What about before that? What was the "First Thanksgiving" really like?

That "First Thanksgiving" was a harvest celebration too. The Pilgrims and the

Wampanoags were on friendly terms at that time. The Pilgrims had gone through difficult

times, and the Wampanoag had helped them to survive. They had brought the Pilgrims food

such as turkey or venison, and they had shown the Pilgrims how to grow corn and other

crops suited to the area.

In the fall of 1621, the Pilgrims planned a harvest celebration and invited the

Wampanoags.

Many members of the Wampanoag tribe came from their homes, round-roofed

wigwams, not pointed teepees, to the Pilgrim village for the feast. They wore their hair in

braids, and skipped the fancy headdress favored by some western tribes. The Native

American guests brought much of the food for the feast. They may have brought many of the

same foods they had provided for the settlers during their times of hardship - venison, game

birds, corn, beans, and vegetables.

2 Choose the best answer in each number. Blacken the circle of the correctanswer.

1. Thanksgiving has been celebrated in the US for many years.

False True

2. The first harvest celebration was held in America in 1621.

False True

3. The Wampanoag Indians lived in pointed teepees similar to those used by the

Indians of the West.

False True

56

4. Most of the Wampanoags wore a spiky "Mohawk" hairstyle.

False True

5. The people at the "First Thanksgiving" may have eaten turkey and venison.

False True

6. The Thanksgiving feast of 1621 was the beginning of a long history of friendship

between the Pilgrims and the Indians.

False True

7. Thanksgiving feasts have traditionally been an occasion for family and friends to

get together and to express their thanks.

False True

8. At the Thanksgiving Feast of 1621, _____.

The Pilgrims invited the Wampanoags

The Wampanoags brought lots of food

The Pilgrims and the Wampanoags were on friendly terms

All of the above

3 Write some sentences that describe the special Thai foods.

Thai Foods

Tom Yam Kung (Spicy Shrimp Soup)

Kaeng Khiao Wan (Green Chicken Curry)

57

Phat Thai (Fried Noodles of Thai Style)

B. Write and identify the Thai food. Find the answers in the box provided.

1. _______________ 2. _________________

3. ________________ 4. _______________

58

Rice and Steamed Chicken Fried Noodles of Thai Style Hang Lay CurrySpicy Shrimp Soup Stewed pork and egg with five spices Sweet and Sour Friend EggsSom Tam Meat fried with sweet basils Chilli dip Nam Jim Kai

5. _____________ 6. ________________

7. _______________ 8. ________________

9. _____________ 10. __________________

59

PLEASE PRINT THE WORKSHEETS IN COLORED.

UNIT 8UNIT 8

T h e P l a c e I L i v e

60

THE PLACE I LIVE

A1 Vocabulary Preview. Complete the sentences below with

these expressions. Then go back and write the meanings of the expressions in the chart.

Expressions

Cash a ( check)

Convenient

Do laundry

Drop off ( something , somebody)

Dry cleaners

Give (me) a ride

Have got to

Jaywalking

Run errands

1. Before you can _________, you need to sign your name on the back. Then, you have

to show your ID.

2. A police officer stopped me when I crossed in the middle of the street. I didn’t know that

______________ is illegal in the United States. Next time I’ll cross at the corner.

3. I’m very busy this afternoon. I have to go to the bank, mail a package, and

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UNIT 8

____________ some other ______________.

4. I’m sorry. I can’t talk to you right now. My class starts in five minutes. I __________ go.

5. Most teenagers don’t know how to ______________; their mother or father usually

washes their clothes for them.

6. It’s very _______________ to have a bus stop in front of my house.

7. Clarissa ________________ her son at school every morning, and picks his up every

afternoon.

8. My motorcycle doesn’t work and I need to be at my job in 20 minutes. Can you

___________________?

9. I can’t wash my school uniform in a washing machine. I need to take it to the

_______________.

2. Vocabulary Preview. Give the meanings of the underlined words.Write the letter of the correct definition on the space provided before the number.

Sentences Definitions_______1. Winter in Norway is very cold, but there is A. dirty air

also an advantag e: there are great places to ski.

_______2. Mary Ann's grandmother is very conservative B. good thing, positive

in her thinking; she doesn't like Mary Ann to point

wear short dresses or to go out with boys

before she is 18 years old. C. full (of people)

_______3. I don't like to take a train at 6:00 in the

morning. It's always crowded with so many D. bad thing, negative

people going work and school from home. point

_______4. Jetsadagorn wants to work in the United States.

His big disadvantage is that he doesn't E. old-fashioned, traditional

speak English.

_______5. Do you know why the color of the sky is brown?

It's the smog from all the cars and factories.

3 Listening for Main Ideas. Kevin and Kenshin just came back from

62

downtown. They are telling to Zhen about their trip. Listen carefully as your teacher reads the conversation.

Kevin : Phew . . . I’m glad I don’t live in the city. The traffic is terrible. I have a

headache from the noise and all the smog.

Zhen : You think cities here are bad? Ask Kenshin about Tokyo.

Kenshin : Yeah, Tokyo is noisier and much more crowded than the cities here.

Zhen : Yeah, and I hear the smog’s worse, too.

Kevin : That’s right.

Kenshin : So, I guess you don’t miss those things. But a big city like Tokyo can be

very exciting.

Kevin : Yes, I’m sure that’s true. But I prefer the peace and quiet of a small town

like ours.

Kenshin : Well, I like it here, too. The people are friendlier and things are cheaper.

Zhen : Well, you know, I come from a small town, and it can be so conservative

and boring. When I graduate, I want to live in a big city like New York or

Chicago. You can make more money there, too.

Kevin : Yeah, but it’s more dangerous there.

Zhen : Yeah, that’s a disadvantage. But there are also lots of advantages.

Kevin : Yeah? Like what? Are long lines at the bank or in the stores?

Zhen : Waiting in line doesn’t bother me. I really love shopping in the city. You can

find anything.

Kenshin : Great! The next time we need something downtown, we’ll send you.

1. Based on the conversation you have listened, decide what the main idea of the conversation is. Then select the best title for this conversation.

A. Why Small Towns Are Better for Girls

B. Small Towns Are Better Than Big Cities

C. No Place Is Perfect

D. Kenshin and Kevin's Big City Adventure

3. Taking Notes on Specific Information. Go over the conversation once

63

more. After your teacher reads the conversation, write the key words about the big cities and small towns.

Big cities Small towns

Good things Bad things Good things Bad things

1. ___________

2. ___________

3. good shopping

4. ____________

5. ____________

1. noise

2. ____________

3. ____________

4. ____________

5. ____________

1. ____________

2. ____________

3. ____________

4. quiet

5. ____________

1. ___________

2. conservative

3. ___________

4. ___________

5. ____________

1. Read the telephone conversations with the Tourist Information. Take notes on each conversation.

Conversation 1Operator : Tourist Information. May I help you?

Caller 1 : Hello. I need to go to the Hualumpong Train Station from Bangkhae,

Sukapiban I at V and P Apartment.

Operator : Bangkhae, Sukapiban I at V and P Apartment?

Caller 1 : Exactly.

Operator : Okay. What time do you have to be at the Hualumpong Train Station?

Caller 1 : At five-thirty in the evening.

Operator : Take a bus number seven at four-thirty in the afternoon at the corner of the

street. Get off at first Hualumpong bus stop. That’s one block from the

Train Station.

Caller 1 : So, it’s bus number seven at four-thirty; and I get off at . . .

Operator : At first Hualumpong bus stop.

Caller 1 : Thank you very much . .

64

a. Destination : _____________________________________

Bus number : _____________________________________

Time to get on : _____________________________________

Place to get on : _____________________________________

Place to get off : _____________________________________

Conversation 2Operator : Tourist Information. James speaking.

Caller 2 : I want to go to Lumpini Park. Is there a bus at around five in the morning?

Operator : Just a minute . . . There is at four-thirty, leaving from Victory Monument.

Caller 2 : I see. What’s the fare?

Operator : It’s eight baht one way.

Caller 2 : How long does it take?

Operator : About fifteen minutes.

Caller 2 : Thank you very much.

b. Destination : _____________________________________

Bus number : _____________________________________

Time to get on : _____________________________________

Place to get on : _____________________________________

Place to get off : _____________________________________

65

UNIT 9UNIT 9Reading Exploration III

66

READING EXPLORATION III

Before You Read1.


How Can I Get to the Post Office?I I have a special rule for travel: Never carry a map. I prefer to ask for directions.

Sometimes I get lost, but I usually have a good time. And there are some other advantages: I

can practice a new language, meet new people, learn new customs, and the like. I can find

out about different “styles” of directions every time I ask, “How can I get to the post office?”

Here are some illustrations of those differences.

II Tourists are often confused in Japan. That’s because most streets there don’t have

names; outside big cities, people most often use landmarks in their directions. For example,

the Japanese might tell travelers something like this: “Go straight down to the corner. Turn

left at the big hotel with sushi bar and go past the fruit market. The post office is across from

the bus stop-next to the fast-food fried chicken place.”

III In the United States, people might give directions in different ways according to their

region or community. As an example, in the countryside of the American Midwest, there are

not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat; in many places

67

UNIT 9

there are no towns or buildings for miles. Instead of landmarks, residents of the flatlands will

tell you directions and distances. In the states of Kansas or Iowa, for instance, people will

say, “Go straight north for two miles. Turn right, and then go another mile in a northeast

direction.”

IV On the other hand, people in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of directions or

distance on the map. Residents of this Pacific coast area are almost always in their cars, so

they measure distance in time. “How far away is the post office?” you ask. “Oh,” they might

answer, “I guess it’s about five minutes from here.” You say, “Yes, but how many miles away

is it-or how many kilometers or blocks?” They rarely know know-or can seldom say.

V Sometimes, people in the European country of Greece do not even try to give

directions; that’s because tourists seldom understand the Greek language. Instead, a Greek

may motion of gesture or say, “Follow me.” Then that person will lead you through the streets

of a city to the post office.

VI What if a person doesn’t know the answer to your question about the location of a

place? A New Yorker might say, “Sorry, I have no idea” and walk away quickly. But in

Yucatan, Mexico, not many residents answer, “I don’t know.” People in Yucatan may believe

that a quick “I don’t know” is impolite; they might say stay and talk to you-and usually they’ll

try to give answer, sometimes a wrong one. A tourist without good sense of direction can get

very, very lost in this southern region!

VII One thing will help you everywhere-in Japan, the United States, Greece, Mexico, or

any other place. You might not understand a person’s words, but you can probably

understand the body language-facial expressions, gestures, motions, movements, and so on.

He or she will usually turn and then point. Go in that direction and you’ll find the post office-

maybe!

Vocabulary and Language Learning Skills

2 Recognizing Similar Meanings and Meaning Categories. In each of

68

the following groups of words, write S for similar if the vocabulary items belong together and C for category if the vocabulary items members of the same category or classification. Then write your answers on the space provided before the number. Check your answers in a dictionary or with your teacher. Two items are done as examples.

1. S rules / regulations / laws

2. C driving / riding a bicycle / walking / taking the bus

3. _____ a period / a comma / a colon / a semicolon

4. _____ motion / move / use body language / gesture

5. _____ Oslo Norway / Bangkok, Thailand / Manila, Philippines / Canberra,

Australia

6. _____ rarely / seldom / not often / infrequently

7. _____ southeast / southwest / northeast / northwest

8. _____ driving permits / the legal driving age / helmets rules / fines for jaywalking

9. _____ CPU / desktop / keyboard / software

10. _____ student / school / teacher


_____________ signs on the street and on stores and public buildings

_____________ area or state or national road maps

_____________ signs inside stores and public buildings

_____________ community Internet pages

_____________ the front pages of a local telephone book

_____________ free brochures and information sheets from public places

_____________ the yellow (business) pages of a local telephone book

_____________ other _____________________________________________

Read

1

69


How the Visual Media Affect PeopleI How do televisions and the other visual media affect the lives of individuals and

families around the globe? The media can be very helpful to people (and their children) who

carefully choose the movies and shows that they watch. With high-quality programming in

various fields of study-science, medicine, nature, history, the arts, and so on-TV and

videotapes increase the knowledge of the average and the well-educated person; they can

also improve thinking ability. Moreover, television benefits elderly people who can’t go out

often, as well as patients in hospitals and residents of nursing facilities. Additionally, it offers

language learners the advantage of “real life” audiovisual instruction and aural

comprehension practice at any time of day or night. And of course, television and video can

provide almost everyone with good entertainment-a pleasant way to relax and spend free

time at home.

II Nevertheless, there are several serious disadvantages to the visual media. First of all,

some people watch the “tube” for more hours in a day than they do anything else. In a large

number of homes, TV sets-as many as five or more in a single household-are always on.

Instead of spending time taking care of their kids, parents often use the tube as an “electronic

70

baby-sitter.” As a result, television, and video can easily replace family communication as

well as physical activity and other interests.

III Secondly, too much TV-especially programming of low educational value-can reduce

people’s ability to concentrate or reason. In fact, studies show that after only a minute or two

of visual media, a person’s mind “relaxes” as it does during light sleep. Another possible

effect of television and video-tapes on the human brain is poor communication. Children who

watch a lot of TV may lose their ability to focus on a subject or an educational activity for

more than ten to fifteen minutes. Maybe it is because of the visual media that some kids-and

adults too-develop attention deficit disorder (ADD), a modern condition in which people are

unable to pay attention, listen well, follow instructions, or remember everyday things.

IV A third negative feature of the media is the amount of violence or horror on the screen-

both in real events in the news and movies or TV programs. It scares people and give them

terrible nightmares; the fear created by media images and language can last for a long time.

On the other hand, frequent viewers of “action programming” get used to its messages: they

might begin to believe there is nothing strange or unusual about violent crime, fights, killing,

and other terrible events and behavior. Studies show that certain personality types are likely

to have strong emotional reactions or dangerous thoughts after some kinds of

“entertainment.” They may even copy the acts that they see on violent shows-star fires, carry,

and use weapons, attack people in angry or dangerous ways, and even worse.

V Because of the visual media, some people may become dissatisfied with their reality of

their own lives. To these viewers, everyday life does not seem as exciting as the roles actors

play in movies or TV dramas. They realize they aren’t having fun as the stars of comedy

shows. Furthermore, average people with normal lives may envy famous media personalities,

who seem to get unlimited amounts of money and attention. Also, media watchers might get

depressed when they can’t take care of situations in real life as well as TV stars seem to. On

the screen, they notice, actors solve serious problems in hour or half-hour programs-or in

twenty-second commercials.

VI Yet another negative feature of modern televisions is called “trash TV.” These daily

talk shows bring real people with strange or immoral lives, personalities, or behavior to the

screen. Millions of viewers-including children-watch as these “instant stars” tell their most

personal secrets, shout out their angry feelings and opinions, and attack one another. TV

71

watchers seem to like the emotional atmosphere and excitement of this kind of programming-

as well as the tension of the real but terrible stories on TV “news magazine” shows. What

effect does frequent viewing of such programs have on people’s lives? It makes television

more real than reality, and normal living begins to seem boring.

VII Finally, the most negative effect of the tube might be addiction. People often feel a

strange and powerful need to watch TV or play a videotape even when they don’t enjoy it or

have the free time for entertainment. Addiction to a TV or video screen is similar to drug or

alcohol dependence: addicts almost never believe they are addicted. Even so, truthful media

addicts have to give yes answers to many of these questions:

Do you immediately turn on the TV set when you arrive home from school or work?

Do you watch a lot of programming that requires little focus or thinking ability?

Can you concentrate on another topic or activity for only ten to fifteen minutes at a

time?

Do you feel envious of the lives of well-known TV or screen personalities?

Do you feel closer to the people on TV than to your own family members and friends?

For you, is TV or video the easiest-and, therefore, the best-form of relaxation or fun?

Would you refuse to give up your TV viewing for a million dollars?

After You Read3 Recognizing Comparison and Contrast. Compare–contrast is the

process of identifying how things are alike and different. Comparison refers to how two things

are alike; contrast refers how they are different. Material of this kind may be organized into

two parts: in a traditional outline of the structure of the material, part I can contain the points

on one side of the issue while part II has the contrasting features in it. Capital letters (A, B, C,

etc.) may introduce the main points for each view of the subject. Following is an empty outline

for the reading “How the Visual Media Affect People.” It is divided into two parts: (1) the

beneficial features of the topic (the media) and (2) the negative elements. To fill the outline,

follow these instructions.

1. Write these words after the numbers I and II:

ADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGES

72

2. In mixed-up order, here is a list of some possibly positive and negative effects of the visual media, as presented in the reading. After each item, write the Roman numeral (s) of the one or two paragraphs (I-VII) where the information about the feature appears.

> Cause dissatisfaction in normal people’s lives ( ) and ( )

> Addict people to TV and video ( )

> Provide language learners instruction and practice ( I )> Offer good entertainment for free time ( )

> Increase people’s knowledge and thinking ability ( I )> Benefit the elderly and the sick ( )

> Scare people or get them used to violence ( )

> Take too much time from family life and other activities ( II )> Reduce people’s ability to concentrate on reason ( )

Vocabulary and Language Learning Skills4 Word Families. Word families are groups that are sufficiently closely

related to each other to form a “family.” In addition, there may be two or more nouns with different suffixes: often, one noun names an idea, while a related noun with a different ending is a word for a person – like chemistry (a field of study) and chemist (a specialist in chemistry).

Here are some sentences with related words – nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. Within each pair of parentheses ( ), underline the correct word form out of the three or four choices. Number 1 is done for you.

1. Which kinds of shows do you (preference / prefer / preferable)? Do they decrease your

ability to (concentration / concentrate / concentrated)?

2. Hitchcock usually (strengths / strengthens / strong) the (scare / scary / scared) mood of

his movies with spooky details.

3. Many of the films of the director Alfred Hitchcock are (psychology / psychologists /

psycho / psychological) thrillers. They are very (suspense / suspend /suspenseful /

suspensively).

4. Are the guests on these shows tell the (truism / truth / true / truthful) about their

lives? Are they showing their real (person / personalities / personalize / personal)?

73

5. “Trash TV” brings (reality / realism / realize / real) people to talk shows-people with

behavior that may not be (morality / moralize / moral / morally).

6. (Frequency / Frequent / Frequently) TV watchers may become (dissatisfaction /

dissatisfy / dissatisfied) with their normal or average lives.

7. They might (envy / enviable / envious / enviously) the lives of TV or screen actors

because their lives seem (excitement / excite / excitable / exciting).

8. Are you (addiction / addict / addicted) to television or other (visions / visualize / visual)

media?

9. Many TV critics and viewers (criticism / criticize / critical) the amount of (violence /

violate / violent) in the media.

10. Psychologists worry about the (behavior / behave / well-behaved) of young people that

watch a lot of TV during their (children / childhood / childless).

5 Real-Life Reading. Put a check (√) mark on the space providedbefore the kinds available things or items at your school. Bring some examples to class. Write down the important vocabulary items and give simple definitions of the words and phrases.

_____________ Internet offerings of entertainment available online.

_____________ Sales, price lists, coupons, and other offers of entertainment on

video, DVD, CD, and so on.

_____________ Charts of locally available TV channels or radio stations.

_____________ Schedules of future TV or radio programming.

_____________ Schedules of local clubs, coffee houses, and other places that

offer live entertainment.

_____________ Information on local showings of movies and films.

74

UNIT 10UNIT 10Writing Enrichment III

WRITING ENRICHMENT III

A. Writing an Invitation Letter to a Friend

75

UNIT 10

1 Friendly letters, also known as personal letters normally have five parts.

Format of a friendly Letter

The HeadingThe heading of a letter should contain the return address, which includes the street

address on one line, followed by the city, state and zip code on the next line. The third line is

the date.

Example:123 Main St. West Newfield CT 06123 December 4, 2005

The GreetingThe greeting in a friendly letter capitalizes the first word and any noun. It may be

formal, beginning with the word "Dear" and using the person's given name or relationship, or

it may be informal if appropriate. It normally ends with a comma, though it might be all right to

end with an exclamation point when writing to someone with whom you are very familiar and

the emphasis is appropriate.

76

__________ __________ ____________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________ __________

The HeadingThe Greetings

The Body

The Closing

The Signature

Examples:Dear Uncle Jim, Dear Mr. Wilkins, Hi Joe, Pam

The BodyThe body of the letter contains the main text or message. Each paragraph should

be indented.

The ClosingThe closing of a letter begins either at the left or in the center of the page. There

are many different closings. The first word of the closing begins with a capital letter. A comma

follows the closing.

Examples:Sincerely, Regards, Truly yours,

Fondly, Your friend,

The SignatureThe signature tells who wrote the letter.

2 A Letter. Look at the example of a friendly letter. Observe the correctform of writing a letter.

814 Acacia Ridge

Brisbane, Queensland

April 18, 2006

Dear Cesar,

77

It was really fun seeing you at the dance. I didn't know if I would ever run into

you on campus or not. School is going well. I am so busy, it leaves me little time to go

and play on the weekend. I always going to QUT's library study English or read

newspaper.

You could come and see me sometimes. My house is near from QUT, also near

Provo City Power. You can go straight from ELC then when you see the 700N, just

turn left. My apartment name is Allred. That's easy to find. I like my warm house. It isn't

very big, but it's home sweet home. We can also cook Filipino foods. I know you must

miss Filipino’s food and maybe we can watch movies or play basketball together.

Yeah! It’s been a long time since the last time I played basketball. I'm mostly at home

after 7 P.M., but I go badly at around 10:30 P.M. because I have to get up everyday at

6:30 A.M. You should give me a call and we'll go be together again. Well, I'm about to

go skiing, I have to go.

Keep in touch! Talk you later. Have a good day!

Your best cute friend,

Daisy

Practice Well

1 Rewrite the letter using the correct letter form. After you rewrite,exchange your work with a classmate and check.

Love,

Micaela

78

Dear Noah,

Hi! I'm having a good time here in this beautiful city, but sometimes, I used to meet strange

guys. I'm glad to hear that you're doing very well. On Saturday, I'll go to watch a ballet

concert. It's "The Swan Lake". On Sunday, my friends and I are also going to go fishing.

There're a lot of things, and I'm sure that'll be awesome. So, if you can go there with me,

come to my house.

It's easy to find my house. Take Route 1650 North to University Parkway. Turn right at

Auxiliary Laundry Building. You'll be on East 900 Street. Drive south for one block. Then turn

right at the White Towers. There are lots of buildings. My house is the 4th floor on the left of

S. Hall. Its number is 403.

I'm looking forward to meet you. See you then!

403 S. Hall

Felton, D.E. 1442

March 24, 2006

_______________________

_______________________

_______________________

79

_______________________

______________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

________________________

________________________

4 Now a write a letter to one of your friends. Make sure that you use all 5parts of a letter.B. Describing and Categorizing Movies

1 Look at the pictures. Match them with the movie categories form the list.Write your answer on space provided below the picture.

action drama musical comedy horror science fiction

80

Gone with the Wind The Exorcist

Category : _______________ Category : _______________

Sound of Music


Star Wars Life is Beautiful


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Scream Mission Impossible


Click Evita


Tomb Raider Saw


82

White Chicks Nuncrackers


Tommy Boy Terminator


3 Building Vocabulary. Put a check mark (√ ) before the adjectives thatdescribe your favorite movie.

___ action-packed ___ frightening ___ funny ___ heartwarming

___ touching ___ horrifying ___ entertaining ___ well-directed

___ imaginative ___ realistic ___ touching ___ fascinating

___ well-written ___ sad ___ exciting

4 Divide the following adjectives that describe the people into two groups:“positive characteristics” and “negative characteristics.” Check your answers with a dictionary or with your teacher if necessary.

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sexy

kind

talented

talkative

brawny

Independent

loyal

smart

successful

stubborn

egotistical

brilliant

stocky

gorgeous

shy

handsome

well-built

hardworking

ordinary

fun-loving

ambitious

innocent

childlike

courageous

brave

evil

angry

crazy

funny

Positive Characteristics Negative Characteristics

C. Writing a Title

The title should give the main idea of a composition. It should also be interesting

to attract the readers.

84

Capitalize the first word and all the important words in the title. Don’t capitalize

the following words such as and, in, a, the, to, at, or with unless they are not the first

words in the title.

Examples: Jack and the Beanstalk The Lion King The Seven Dwarfs Toy Story

5 Rewrite the titles in parentheses with the correct capitalization andpunctuation.

1. One of the most famous horror movies of all time is (the exorcist).

_______________________________________________________

2. The Spanish actor Chow Yung Fat was in (anna and the king).

_______________________________________________________

3. You should see (the beauty and the best), a classic Disney film.

_______________________________________________________

4. The Italian movie (life is beautiful) won several awards.

_______________________________________________________

5. Jennifer Lopez starred in (the manhattan maid).

_______________________________________________________

6. The film about the sinking of the ship Titanic is (a night to remember).

_______________________________________________________

7. (exploring our world through science) is a good educational TV program.

_______________________________________________________

8. (the public enemy) is a drama about the social forces that cause violent crime.

_______________________________________________________

9. A movie (gone with the wind) is a world-famous 1939 American Civil War drama.

_______________________________________________________

10. (star wars) is a realistic science fiction movie..

_______________________________________________________

6 Select an adjective that describe movies from the list. The carets markplaces to add adjectives. Choose an appropriate adjective and use them to rewrite the sentences. Number 1 is done for you.

85

action-packed frightening funny heartwarming

touching horrifying entertaining well-directed

realistic touching well-written sad

1. Star Wars is a ^ science-fiction movie.

Star wars is a realistic science-fiction movie.

2. Schindler’s List is a ^ drama about a German who saved lives of many Jews.

___________________________________________________________

3. Dracula is a ^ horror movie about a ^ vampire.

___________________________________________________________

4. Titanic is a ^ love story about a couple on a sinking ship.

___________________________________________________________

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UNIT 11UNIT 11Home Life

HOME LIFE

87

UNIT 11

A.

2 Vocabulary Preview. Complete these sentences using the following word lists.

fireplace closet pretty (adv.) studio furnished/unfurnished

landlord raised stressed out vacancy move out

1. Daisy has to study for two tests tomorrow, and she also has to pick up her parents at

the airport. That’s why she feels _________________.

2. I like to use my __________________ in winter. It makes my apartment warm and

romantic.

3. After three years, the owner of the building _________________ my rent from 4, 000

baht to 5,500 baht a month.

4. If you don’t like your apartment, you can _________________ and find another place.

5. This hotel is full; it has no _________________. We’ll have to look for a room at

another hotel.

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6. Mr. Krebstakies is the owner of the house where I live. He always helps me when

something is broken in the kitchen or the bathroom. He’s a very good ______________.

7. My place is _________________ close to the campus. It’s only 20-minute walk.

8. Don’t leave your clothes and shoes in the living room. Put them in the _____________.

9. Michael has to buy a bed, a desk, a table, chairs, and some other things because his

new apartment is _________________.

10. I only need one room to live because I’m alone and I don’t have much money. So I will

rent a _________________ apartment.

Listen3 Listening for Main Ideas. Zhen is talking to her friend Rose Ann about

apartments.1. Listen carefully as your teacher reads the conversation. And then answer the questions basing on the conversation. Rose Ann: I’m so stressed out. My landlord just raised my rent. I think I’ll have to move.

Zhen : Really? My building has some vacancies. It’s a pretty nice place and it’s just

fifteen minutes from campus.

Rose Ann: Oh? How much is the rent for the studio?

Zhen : There are no studio apartments in our building. My neighbor just move out of a

one-bedroom. He paid 4,000 baht a month, I think.

Rose Ann: That’s not bad. Tell me more.

Zhen : Well, one-bedroom comes with a bathroom, a kitchen, a fireplace in the living

room, pretty big closets and uh . . . Are you looking for a furnished or

unfurnished place?

Rose Ann: Unfurnished. I have all my own stuff. What about parking and laundry?

Zhen : There’s no garage. You have to park on the street. But there is a laundry room

downstairs.

Rose Ann: Hmm. I think I’m interested. Could you give me the address?

Zhen : Sure, It’s 7/8 Moo 4 Sukapiban 1 Bangkhae, Bangkok. The owner’s name is

Miss Nattawan. Call her up or stop by and talk to her.

Rose Ann: Thank you very much, Zhen. I’m going to do that tomorrow for sure.

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A. Why is Rose Ann stressed out?______________________________________________________________________

B. What does Zhen suggest that Rose Ann do?______________________________________________________________________

C. Is Rose Ann happy in her apartment now? Why or why not?______________________________________________________________________

D. What kind of apartment does Rose Ann need?______________________________________________________________________

E. Describe an apartment in Zhen’s building.______________________________________________________________________

F. What is Rose Ann going to do tomorrow?______________________________________________________________________

2. Talk and compare your answers with a classmate.4 Listening for Stressed Words. Listen to the conversation once again.

1. Fill-out the blanks with the missing stressed words in the following word list.

vacancies stressed move out interested own

studio laundry living fifteen rent

bad bathroom owner’s stop by

sure furnished move

Rose Ann : I’m so _______________ out. My landlord just raised my _____________.

I think I’ll have to _______________.

Zhen : Really? My building has some _______________. It’s a pretty nice place

and it’s just _______________ minutes from campus.

Rose Ann : Oh? How much is the rent for the _______________?

Zhen : There are no _______________ apartments in our building. My neighbor

just ___________ __________ of a one-bedroom. He paid 4,000 baht a

month, I think.

Rose Ann : That’s not _______________. Tell me more.

Zhen : Well, one-bedrooms come with a _______________, a kitchen, a fireplace

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in the __________ room, pretty big closets and uh . . . Are you looking for a

___________or unfurnished place?

Rose Ann : Unfurnished. I have all my __________ stuff. What about parking and

______________?

Zhen : There’s no garage. You have to park on the street. But there is a

_______________ room downstairs.

Rose Ann : Hmm. I think I’m _______________. Could you give me the address?

Zhen : Sure, It’s 7/8 Moo 4 Sukapiban 1 Bangkhae, Bangkok. The ____________

name is Miss Nattawan. Call her up or __________ __________ and talk

to her.

Rose Ann : Thank you very much, Zhen. I’m going to do that tomorrow for _________.

5 Vocabulary Preview. Give the meaning of the underlined words. Writethe letter of the correct definition on the space provided before the number.

Sentences Definitions______ 1. I won’t sign a lease for this A. to repair, to make

building. I’ll just rent it something work again

month-to-month.

______ 2. My computer is broken. B. a contract, a signed

Can you fix it? agreement to use a home

______ 3. The boat has a leak and for a period of time

full of water.

______ 4. Jackson’s album launching C. monthly

will be on August 15th, but

the tickets are available at D. able to get, free

the malls starting in May.

______ 5. My apartment lease says that E. water coming from a

I have to stay there for three broken wall or pipe

months.

3 Read the conversation. Rose Ann is looking an apartment. She wentto Zhen’s building to look for a vacant room. Listen carefully as your teacher reads the conversation of Rose Ann and with the landlady. After you listen, answers the questions that follow.

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Landlady : So, here’s the living room. Oh, and please don’t touch the walls; we just

painted them. I hope you like green.

Rose Ann : Well, green is not my favorite color . . .

Landlady : As you can see, there’s a lot of lights in here. And here’s the fireplace. It’s

great in the winter.

Rose Ann : Whew, it’s warm in here, isn’t it? Is there any air conditioning?

Landlady : No, there isn’t. Just keep this window open. Oh, it’s almost never this noisy.

Rose Ann : I’m sorry, what did you say?

Landlady : Come this way. Here’s your kitchen, all electric, a dishwasher. . This big

refrigerator is included; and there’s a room for a breakfast . . .

Rose Ann : That’s nice. Could I see the bedroom?

Landlady : Sure, it’s over here. We just put in new carpeting, so . . . uh . . . we raised

the rent to 5,000 baht per month.

Rose Ann : Oh, really? Hmm . . . the bedroom looks a little small.

Landlady : But look at all the closet space! And here is the bathroom with a shower

and bathtub.

Rose Ann : Oh, what about the leak?

Landlady : Hmm. I can’t believe it. The plumber just fixed it last week.

Rose Ann : Uh, if I decide to take this apartment, when can I move in?

Landlady : It’s available on the first of the month. That’s actually the day after

tomorrow.

Rose Ann : I see. And, do I have to sign . . . I mean, is there a lease?

Landlady : It’s up to you. You can sign a 1-year lease or you can pay by month-to-

month basis. So, are you interested?

Rose Ann : Possibly. I need to think about it. And I have a few more

questions.

Landlady : No problem. Let’s go to my office and talk.

1. In which rooms did the landlady showed with Rose Ann? ___________________________________________________________

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2. What is her impression as she looks at the apartment? Is it a nice apartment or not?___________________________________________________________

3. What is Rose Ann’s decision?___________________________________________________________

4 Taking Notes on Specific Information. Listen to the conversationonce more. Take note about the good and bad things in the apartment.

Good Things Bad Things

1. ___________________________

2. new paint

3. ___________________________

4. ___________________________

5. ___________________________

6. ___________________________

7. ___________________________

8. ___________________________

1. ___________________________

2. ___________________________

3. higher rent

4. ___________________________

5. ___________________________

6. ___________________________

7. ___________________________

8. ___________________________

B. Moving Day 1 Changing Your Address. Before moving to a new address, Americans fill

out a form at the post office. It tells where to send their mail after they move.

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1. Look at the form. Discuss the abbreviations and the parts of an address in the United States.

Print or Type (Last Name, First Name, Middle Initial)

OLD

A

DD

RES

S

No. and St., Suite or P. O. Box (In care of)

City, State and ZIP Code

NEW

AD

DR

ESS No. and St., Suite or P. O. Box (In care of)

City, State and ZIP Code

Effective Date

Sign Here

Signature & title of person authorizing address change (DO NOT print or type)

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UNIT 12UNIT 12Reading Exploration IV

READING EXPLORATION IV

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UNIT 12

Before You Read

1


A Short History of the Changing FamilyI Like the community, the family is a social institution. Long ago, human beings lived in

loosely-related groups. Each group had a common ancestor (a family member from the

distant past.) But for over a millennium (a thousand years), there have been two main types

of families in the world: the extended form and the nuclear form. The extended may include

grandparents, parents, and children (and sometimes aunts, uncles, and cousins)-in other

words, relatives living in the same house or close together on the same street or in the same

area. In contrast, the nuclear family consists of only parents and their biological or adopted

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children. Because of the industrialization in the nineteenth century, the nuclear family became

the most common family structure.

II Today there are many different kinds of families around the globe. Some people live in

traditional families-that is to say, a stay-at-home mother, a working father, and their own

biological children. Others live in two-paycheck families-that is, both parents work outside the

home. There are many single-parent families; in other words, only a mother or a father lives

with the children. Still others have adoptive or foster families (i.e., adults take care of children

not biologically theirs) or blended families-in other words, divorced or widowed men and

women marry again and live with their children from their previous, or earlier marriages.

There are also same-sex partnerships-with or without children, childless marriages,

unmarried live-in relationships, and so on.

III What caused the structure of the family to change? In the early 1900s in the United

States the divorce rate (i.e., the percent of legal endings compared to the number of

marriages) began to rise, and the birthrate (i.e., the number of births per 100 or 1000 people)

began to decline; in other words, couples stayed married for fewer years, and they had a

fewer children. Women often chose to get an education and take jobs outside the home.

Decades later, the same changes began to happen in other industrialized countries. Today,

they are happening in many of the developing nations of the world as well.

IV The decades of the 1930s and 1940s were difficult years in the industrialized world.

Many families faced serious financial problems because the heads of households lost their

jobs. During World War II (1939-1945), millions of women had to take care of their homes

and their children alone. Because so many men were away at war, thousands of these “war

widows” – that is to say, women whose husbands were away at war-had to go to work

outside the home. Most women worked long hours at hard jobs. They weren’t many “perfect

families.”

V During the next decade (a period of ten years), the situation changed in many places.

There were fewer divorces, and people married at a younger age and had more children than

in the previous generation. Men made enough money to support the family, so a mother

seldom worked outside the home when her children were small. Children began living at

home longer-that is, until an older age, usually after high school or even college. The

traditional family was returning in the United States, it seemed-as in many other countries.

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VI In the years between 1960 or so and the end of the twentieth century, however, there

were many new changes in the structure of the family around the globe. From the 1960s to

the 1970s, the divorce rate greatly increased and the birthrate fell by half. The number of

single-parent families rose, and the number of couples living together without marriage went

up even more.

VII Many people today would like the traditional two-parent family back-that is to say, they

want man and a woman to marry for life; they also think the man should support the family

and the woman should stay home with the children. However, few families now fall into this

category. In fact, if more women decide to have children on their own, the single-parent

household may become more typical than the traditional family in many countries. Also,

unmarried couples may decide to have more children-or they might take in foster children or

adopt. And because people are staying single and living longer (often as widows), there may

be more one-person households. On the other hand, some people believe similar events

happen again and again in history: if this is true, people may go back to the traditional

extended or nuclear family of the past. Others think the only certainty in history is change: in

other words, the structure of the future family could begin to change faster and faster-and in

more and more ways.

Vocabulary and Language Learning Skills7 Recognizing Words with the Similar or Opposite Meanings. In each

of the following groups of words, write S for similar if the vocabulary item has the same or similar meaning and O for opposite if it is completely different or contrasting definitions.Two items are done as examples.

O 1. even so / for this reason

S 2. on the other hand / in contrast

_______ 3. a lord and master / slaves or servants

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_______ 4. the neighborhood / the world or planet

_______ 5. have custody of / be responsible for sake (take care of)

_______ 6. a social institution / community organization

_______ 7. stay-at-home mothers / two-income working families

_______ 8. appear (come into view) / disappear

_______ 9. advantages / useful or helpful features

_______ 10. change (different developments) / variation

_______ 11. returned / came back

_______ 12. previous or past / future or following

_______ 13. industrialized countries / developing nations

_______ 14. declined / went down, or decreased

_______ 15. the birthrate / the percent of deaths

_______ 16. single-parent families / extended families

_______ 17. marriage / divorce

_______ 18. the structure / the form

_______ 19. traditional / modern

_______ 20. but / however

8 Real-Life Reading. Put a check (√) mark on the space provided beforethe kinds available things or items at your school. Bring some examples to class. Write down the important vocabulary items and give simple definitions of the words and phrases.

__________ home and family services ___________ housing for sale

__________ housing for sale ___________ jobs offered

__________ family activities and fun ___________ jobs wanted

__________ engagements and weddings __________ apartment rentals

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UNIT 13UNIT 13Writing Enrichment IV

WRITING ENRICHMENT IV

A. Using Lifeline1 Write the important past events that you may wish to include on your

lifeline. Look at the example of “Claire’s Lifeline.”

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UNIT 13

LifelineEvents Feelings

- was born as a second daughter 0 - always felt secure

in a small family - happy together with family

- went to different places

together with my family every Sunday - was friendly to strangers

- visited our farm with my father once

a month

- got first bicycle - learned to drive bicycle, badminton

- started school

- discovered talent in drawing - loved to draw

- enjoyed my elementary years

- graduated from elementary school - went to secondary school

- became a teenager, joined 12

taekwondo and dance group - separation was difficult, but grew to

- transferred to a very far like school

school from my family - was lonely, missed my family

- trained to be independent

- graduated from secondary school

- I taught taekwondo in our place - taekwondo gave me self-confidence

- got sick for two months

- stopped playing taekwondo - was sad

- graduated from college - fulfilled and happy

- got a teaching job

- got my first motorcycle 24 - went to Thailand

Now make your own lifeline.

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LifelineEvents Feelings

B. Writing Titles

The title should give the main idea of a composition. It should also be interesting.

It goes on the top line of the paper and is not a complete sentence.

In the title, capitalize the first word and all the important words. Don’t capitalize

the following kinds of words if they are not the first word in the title.

Conjunctions: and, but, or, so

Articles: the, a, an

Short prepositions: at, by, for, in, of, on, out, to, up, with

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2 Write these titles with the correct capitalization.

1. a new beginning ________________________________

2. a gift of love ________________________________

3. an exciting life ________________________________

4. my graduation day ________________________________

5. high school life ________________________________

6. the best years in my life ________________________________

7. life in a new city ________________________________

8. my life in thailand ________________________________

9. best friends ________________________________

10. my childhood ________________________________

11. growing up ________________________________

12. christmas day ________________________________

13. songkran festival ________________________________

14. a happy ending ________________________________

15. all’s well that ends well ________________________________

16. “the ransom of red chief” ________________________________

17. tales of a wayside inn ________________________________

18. the old man and the sea ________________________________

19. the mystery of the old clock ________________________________

20. field and stream ________________________________

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Chapter 14Chapter 14Cultural Diversity

CULTURAL DIVERSITY

A.

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UNIT 14

READ1 Main Ideas. Kenshin is having lunch with Rose Ann and her friend, who is

visiting from France.

1. Listen carefully as your teacher reads the conversation. And then answer the questions basing on the conversation.

Kenshin : Is this your first trip to the U.S., Sophia?

Sophia : Yes, it is.

Kenshin : What’s your impression so far?

Sophia : Well, the streets are very clean, and the people are so friendly. But the food

is not so good.

Kenshin : That’s what I thought too, when I first got here. But I’m used to it now. I

really love hamburgers and french fries.

Sophia : French fries? What is that?

Rose Ann : It’s fried potatoes. I think you call them “pommes frites,” in France. But we

call them French fries, for some reason. And a lot of people eat them with

ketchup.

Sophia : Ketchup! That is very bizarre. We eat our pomme frites with salt, or maybe

mustard.

Rose Ann : Last night I took Sophia to a Mexican restaurant. I wanted her to try

something exotic.

Kenshin : Did you like it?

Sophia : The food was delicious, but it was too much. I couldn’t finish it all.

Rose Ann : Sophia was amazed when I said she could take the leftovers home in

doggie bag.

Kenshin : Yes, that’s funny, isn’t it? They call it a doggie bag but it’s for people. Was

there anything else that surprised you?

Sophia : Yes the restaurant was so cold! We don’t use the air conditioning so much

in France. And the water had ice in it too. I had to put on my sweater!

Waitress : Excuse me miss, but there’s no smoking here.

Sophia : Oof, I forgot, you can’t smoke in restaurants her. That is the strangest thing

of all for me. In France you can smoke almost everywhere and almost

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everybody smokes. It’s normal for us.

Kenshin : It’s normal here. Most Americans don’t smoke, and it’s illegal to smoke in

most public places. If you want to smoke in someone’s home, you’d better

ask for permission first.

Sophia : I know. Last night Rose Ann made me smoke outside.

Rose Ann : I’m sorry Sophia.

Sophia : It’s OK. When in Rome, do as Romans do.

1. What was Sophia’s impression of American streets and people? ____________________________________________________________________

2. Does Kenshin like American food now? ________________________________________________________________

3. What is a doggie bag? ________________________________________________________________

4. What was Sophia’s problem in the Mexican restaurant? ________________________________________________________________

5. Where did Rose Ann tell Sophia to smoke? ________________________________________________________________

6. What does Sophia mean when she says “When in Rome, do as the Romans do?” ________________________________________________________________

4 Listening for Stressed Words. Listen to the conversation once again.

1. Fill-out the blanks with the missing stressed words in the following word list.

cold leftovers too Mexican used ketchup salt sweater

else amazed fried love delicious France first ice

doggie finish like lot French friendly we clean

exotic impression food bizarre much isn’t air

Kenshin : Is this your _________ trip to the U.S., Sophia?

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Sophia : Yes, it is.

Kenshin : What’s your _________ so far?

Sophia : Well, the streets are very _________, and the people are so _________.

But the _________ is not so good.

Kenshin : That’s what I thought too, when I _________ got here. But I’m _________

to it now. I really _________ hamburgers and french fries.

Sophia : _________ fries? What is that?

Rose Ann : It’s _________ potatoes. I think you call them “pommes frites,” in

_________. But _________ call them French fries, for some reason. And a

_________ of people eat them with _________.

Sophia : Ketchup! That is very _________. We eat our pomme frites with

_________, or maybe mustard.

Rose Ann : Last night I took Sophia to a _________ restaurant. I wanted her to try

something _________.

Kenshin : Did you _________ it?

Sophia : The food was _____, but it was _____ much. I couldn’t _______ it all.

Rose Ann : Sophia was _________ when I said she could take the _________ home in

doggie bag.

Kenshin : Yes, that’s funny, _________ it? They call it a _________ bag but it’s for

people. Was there anything _________ that surprised you?

Sophia : Yes the restaurant was so _________! We don’t use the _________

conditioning so much in France. And the water had _________ in it too. I

had to put on my _________!

Recalling Main IdeasBefore You Listen

5 Pre-listening Questions. Talk and discuss with a classmate aboutcoming-of-age in different countries. And then answer the following questions.

1. Do you know of any special traditions when a person becomes an adult? Is it

different for boys and girls?

2. At what age does a person officially become a part of an adult community?

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C

Coming

Coming-of-Age Day

6 Vocabulary Preview. Give the definitions of each word. Write theletter of the correct definition on the space provided before the number.

Words Definitions_____ 1. a passage a. a person who is not a child

_____ 2. a ceremony b. a forest

_____ 3. an adult c. a change or movement

_____ 4. the woods d. the time of life when a person is not a child

_____ 5. adulthood e. to be the person who must take care of something

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_____ 6. (to be) responsible for f. to wait for an event with feeling of pleasure

(something)

_____ 7. to look forward to g. a formal or traditional way of celebrating an

(something) important event in a person’s life

7 Vocabulary Preview. You will hear the underlined words in the conversation. Before you listen, use the context to guess their definitions. Write the letter of the correct definition on the space provided before the number.

Sentences Definitions_____ 1. I like mathematics because it is logical. A. any kind of kitchen tool

However, I dislike English grammar B. knives, forks, and spoons

because it doesn’t seem logical at all! C. a piece of cloth or paper

_____ 2. For my wedding, I received a set of silver D. to give or bring to a customer

cutlery from my aunt. Unfortunately I lost E. the part of a tool that you

one of the spoons soon after. hold in your hand

_____ 3. When I was a teenager, it was my job to F. to put dishes for eating on

set the table each night before the dinner. a table before a meal

_____ 4. A: What kind of kitchen utensil is this? G. put something down

B: It’s potato peeler. It’s much easier to H. reasonable or sensible because

use than a knife. It follows rules

_____ 5. In a restaurant, it is a waiter’s job to serve

the food and drinks.

_____ 6. Please lay that box on the dinning-room table.

_____ 7. Use napkin to clean your mouth when you

are finished eating.

_____ 8. My mother gave me a beautiful hairbrush

with decorations in the handle.

8 Following Directions for Setting a Table. Zhen loves cooking and entertaining. For Jack’s birthday, she wants to prepare for formal dinner for their friends. She asks Jack’s mother, Mrs. Dunsen, to teach her how to set a formal dinner table.

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Listen to the conversation between Zhen and Mrs. Dunsen. Follow her instructions for setting the table. As she mentions each item, write its number in the proper place.

Mrs. D : OK, so we start by putting the napkin in the center of the dinner plate, like this.

Zhen : All right. Now what? Mrs. D : Well, let’s set the glasses. Are you planning to serve wine?

Zhen : Yes, of course.

Mrs. D : White or red?

Zhen : Uh… does it matter?

Mrs. D : Well, there are different glasses for each kind of wine.

Zhen : I see. Well, I plan to serve roast beef.

Mrs. D : In that case you’ll need these glasses here. They’re for red wine. But first you

need to set the water glass. It goes above the plate and a little to the right. And

then you put the wine glass to the right of the water glass.

Zhen : Like this?

Mrs. D : Exactly. Now, this little plate here is for bread. You put it above the dinner plate to

the left. And this is special knife for butter. Lay it across at the top of

the bread plate.

Zhen : All right. What’s next?

Mrs. D : The cutlery.

Zhen : Sorry?

Mrs. D : The cutlery. Knives, forks, and spoons. There are different ones for each course.

Are you serving a salad?

Zhen : Yes.

Mrs. D : And soup?

Zhen : Yes.

Mrs. D : OK. Take this dinner knife and put it next to the dinner plate on the right. Then

put the soup spoon to the right of the knife. Good. Now, to the left of the plate,

first put this big fork. That’s dinner fork. And put this smaller fork to the left of

that. It’s for salad. OK. Now, what are you serving for dessert?

Zhen : Chocolate cake.

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Mrs. D : Then you need a dessert fork. Put it above the dinner plate, with the handle

pointing to the left. And then put this small spoon for coffee, above it, with the

handle pointing to the right.

Zhen : All these knives and forks! How do people know which ones to use?

Mrs. D : Actually it’s quiet simple. You always use the utensil that’s on the outside, and

you serve the food in the same order. So, for example, you’ll serve your soup

first, your salad second, your main course third, and the dessert last. See?

Zhen : Yes. It’s just really quite logical. Thanks, Mrs. Dunsen. You’ve been a great help!

Now I just have to make sure not to burn the food.

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15

4

11

12

62 3

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710

1. dinner napkin 5. bread knife 9. salad fork 2. water glass 6. soup plate 10. dessert fork 3. white wine glass 7. dessert spoon 11. butter knife 4. red wine glass 8. dinner fork 12. dinner knife

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UNIT 15UNIT 15Reading and Writing

READING AND WRITING

A. READINGBefore You Read

1

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UNIT 15

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Cross-Cultural ConversationI “You want to talk about the culture?” Alain began the conversation in a proud voice.”

The United States is only few hundred years old. Americans aren’t lucky enough to have any

culture-they have zero culture, I say.” He made the sign for “nothing” with this hand.

II “You are completely correct,” interrupted Werner, loudly. He was pointing his finger.

“Old Europe of the last thousand years-it’s easy to tell that’s where the great culture was! The

age of architecture-just look at the magnificent historical cathedrals and castles. Our

ancestral art legacy-if you don’t know the works of world-famous painters and sculptors from

previous centuries, it’s essential to see them in our excellent museums. And everyone has

the chance to experience our classical literature and music in first-class theaters and concert

halls. I just gave you a logical description of a long and significant cultural history!”

III “You call a short millennium a cultural history?” Waving his arms, Kamil was objecting

strongly to Werner’s views. “The real beginning of culture-I mean, significant civilization-was

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in the Middle East and Africa over five thousand years ago. Ancient communities not only

knew how to create magnificent architecture and art; they also made amazing scientific and

technological discoveries. They invented things. They figured out how to write and do

mathematics; they studied astronomy-the science of the skies, the sun and the planets-and

invented the calendar. They even had medicine; it’s important to remember that the ancient

religions came from that area too. I’m happy to tell you about their achievements because

they made world civilization possible. Those were the civilizations that gave humanity the

most meaningful cultural legacy!”

IV With his hands together and his head down, Jade agreed with Kamil. In a soft but

nervous voice, he added, “But the really important science and technology began to develop

in Asia and the Americas. While the ancient Chinese were building walled cities, they

organized the first governments. They invented tools for work and weapons for protection.

And the native peoples of the Americas had very, very old civilizations and societies. That

was ancient traditional culture.”

V “Ancient culture?” That’s a contradiction in definitions!” Grinning, Kevin objected in an

enthusiastic way. Going against Jade’s view, he said, “It’s impossible for culture to be old or

traditional. The opposite is true! Culture isn’t dead-it’s alive. Culture is modern! Culture is

now!”

VI Ken was starting to fall asleep, but suddenly he came alive. “I agree!!” he said,

interrupting Kevin in a forceful way.

VII “You tell them!” said Kevin, wanting support for his point of view.

VIII “Culture is worldwide-it’s universal!” answered Ken in his clear speaking style. He had

a wide smile on his face. “I mean, like-take today’s food culture. With our global fast food, I

have to say, everyone eats the same. And because of the worldwide media-movies, TV, CDs

(compact disks), the Internet-everybody knows the same information, plays the same music,

enjoys the same stories-even jokes! And I mean, it’s like-people everywhere have a chance

to buy the same clothes-all because of advertising. A beautiful young couple in jeans and

bright Hawaiian shirts anywhere in the world, eating hamburgers, and French fries with their

friends from many countries-finally, we have a global culture! And tradition has nothing to do

it!”

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IX However, Monika was of another opinion. “You want to call modern movies, music,

food, and clothes culture?” she said, beginning to get irritated. “Culture isn’t about the

sameness of people in communities around the world; it’s about their differences. Like-it’s

important for people to greet one another in various ways, and they need to use different

titles and follow a variety of social rules in their relationships. Some societies are formal,

while others are informal, or casual. Some groups are friendly, and others aren’t. And another

example is the diverse use of language-is it direct or indirect? How do communication styles

include motions, gestures, facial expressions, and other body language? And customs are so

interesting! They’re what people of different national groups do in their everyday lives and on

special occasions like holidays or celebrations. Culture means cultural diversity. What makes

life amusing? It’s the variety of cultures around the world, it’s contradictions and opposites!”

X “Why are you talking so much?” interrupted Alain, impolitely.

XI “Yeah, and why don’t you understand what culture is?” said Werner in a loud voice.

XII “And another thing-what’s your problem with ancient civilizations and tradition?”

disagreed Kamil with an unpleasant expression on his face. He liked to contradict Monika in a

rude way.

XIII “And why do you always have different view of things?” asked Kevin and Ken. They

weren’t smiling either, and they wanted to talk a lot more.

After You Read5 Recognizing Conversation in Paragraph Form. In a selection that

explains, the information appears in paragraphs – with each paragraph about a different topic within the wider subject of the whole reading. Explanatory material can appear in other forms, however. For example, opinions and views on a topic can be in the form of a conversation – with the words of each speaker between quotation marks (“”) in a different paragraph.

Now based on the selection “Cross-Cultural Conversations,” the speakers talk about different definitions or elements (features) of the concept (idea) of “culture.” For each section of the reading, check (√) the topic.

1. I, II_____ the importance of international education through the centuries

_____ the long cultural legacy of the arts in European history

2. III, IV_____ the business practices of cultural groups in Africa and the Americas

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_____ humanity’s scientific and technological discoveries and achievements

3. V, VIII _____ the cultural sameness and similarities among modern peoples

_____ the differences among ancient cultures on various continents

4. IX_____ attitudes toward nature in a variety of times and places

_____ cultural diversity – how groups vary in their styles and customs

5. X, XIII_____ different cultural ways of discussing ideas and telling opinions

_____ definitions of the word society – according to various world cultures

Vocabulary and Language Learning Skills3 Recognizing Nouns, Verbs, and Adjectives. The chart below helps

in recognizing the parts of speech.

Parts of Speech

Function or Purpose

Question the Word Answers

Examples

A noun serves as the subject of the sentence

is the object or complement of a verb or the object of a preposition

Who? (What person?)

What? (What thing, place, or concept?)

Sue received a beautiful present from her aunt in Germany.

A verb names an action, an activity, or a condition (a state of being)

What does the subject of the sentence do?

Sue received a beautiful present from her aunt in Germany.

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An adjective modifies a noun or pronoun

How is it? Sue received a beautiful present from her aunt in Germany.

In the blanks of the sentences on the left, write the missing noun, verb, and adjective from the parts of speech chart. Then give the parts of speech of the words. Number 1 is done for you.

1. Are you correct (adjective) in your

concept of culture? Can you correct

(verb) your previous ideas? Can you

make necessary corrections (noun)?

2. When did ancient civilizations

_______________ the calendar?

Which _______________ people

figured it out? What were some of their other _______________?

3. Can you _______________ a typical

cross-cultural situation? In your

_______________, use as many _______________ words as you can.

4. One definition of the word

_______________ is a “a high level

of culture.” Does a good education

_______________ people? Does it make them more _______________?

5. To attract tourists, cities advertise

the _______________ of their

architecture. They say that the buildings_______________ in their beauty. They talk

about the _______________ artwork too.

6. Are you an _______________

traveler? Do you like to

_______________ the customs and habits of people in other cultures? Do you enjoy

new _______________?

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Noun Verb Adjectivecorrections correct correct

Noun Verb Adjectiveinventions invent inventive

Noun Verb Adjectivedescription describe descriptive

Noun Verb Adjectivecivilization civilize civilized

Noun Verb Adjectiveexcellence excel excellent

Noun Verb Adjectiveexperiences experience experienced

7. Sometimes two cultural values seem

to _____________ each other. For

instance, individual achievement may be _______________ to the interests of families.

It may create _______________.

8. People of the same cultural

background don’t always

_______________ on the values of

society. Even _______________ people aren’t in_______________ all the time.

4 Real-Life Reading. Put check (√) mark on the space provided beforethe kinds of available things at your school. Bring some examples to class. Write down the important vocabulary items and give simple definitions of the words and phrases.

_____________ the calendar sections of local newspapers, including free community

papers

_____________ posters (displayed in the community) for special events

_____________ travel ads, including descriptions of packaged tours

_____________ brochures and fliers for performances, concerts, exhibits, and the like

_____________ catalogs and postcards from different kinds of museums

_____________ photos of famous tourist attractions (in books, magazines, etc.)

_____________ other _____________________________________________

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Noun Verb Adjectivecontradictions contradict contradictory

Noun Verb Adjectiveagreement agree agreeable

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B. WRITINGA. Folktales

Every culture has its own folktales. These stories tell us a lot about the culture in

earlier times. Folktales are not written by one person. They are also not written at one

time. Each story develops over many years. In this way, folktales come from the

imagination of the whole culture.

Folktales are usually told in time sequence. There is not usually a lot of

description. Since the stories were told aloud, a simple story line helped the memory of

both the storyteller and the listener.

1 Read the beginning of this folktale “The Mirror of Matsuyama” fromJapan.

The Mirror of MatsuyamaIn ancient days there lived in a remote part of Japan a man and his wife, and they were

blessed with a little girl, who was the pet and idol of her parents. On one occasion the man

was called away on business in distant Kyoto. Before he went he told his daughter that if she

were good and dutiful to her mother he would bring her back a present she would prize very

highly. Then the good man took his departure, mother and daughter watching him go.

At last he returned to his home, and after his wife and child had taken off his large hat and

sandals he sat down upon the white mats and opened a bamboo basket, watching the eager

gaze of his little child. He took out a wonderful doll and a lacquer box of cakes and put them

into her outstretched hands. Once more he dived into his basket, and presented his wife with

a metal mirror. Its convex surface shone brightly, while upon its back there was a design of

pine trees and storks.

The good man's wife had never seen a mirror before, and on gazing into it she was under the

impression that another woman looked out upon her as she gazed with growing wonder. Her

husband explained the mystery and bade her take great care of the mirror.

Not long after this happy homecoming and distribution of presents the woman became very

ill. Just before she died she called to her little daughter, and said: "Dear child, when I am

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dead take every care of your father. You will miss me when I have left you. But take this

mirror, and when you feel most lonely look into it and you will always see me." Having said

these words she passed away.

In due time the man married again, and his wife was not at all kind to her stepdaughter. But

the little one, remembering her mother's words, would retire to a corner and eagerly look into

the mirror, where it seemed to her that she saw her dear mother's face, not drawn in pain as

she had seen it on her deathbed, but young and beautiful.

One day this child's stepmother chanced to see her crouching in a corner over an object she

could not quite see, murmuring to herself. This ignorant woman, who detested the child and

believed that her stepdaughter detested her in return, fancied that this little one was

performing some strange magical art--perhaps making an image and sticking pins into it. Full

of these notions, the stepmother went to her husband and told him that his wicked child was

doing her best to kill her by witchcraft.

When the master of the house had listened to this extraordinary recital he went straight to his

daughter's room. He took her by surprise, and immediately the girl saw him she slipped the

mirror into her sleeve. For the first time her doting father grew angry, and he feared that there

was, after all, truth in what his wife had told him, and he repeated her tale forthwith.

2 Make notes for an ending for the story “The Mirror of Matsuyama.” Usethese questions as a guide.

1. What did the father do to her daughter?

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

2. How did the daughter feel towards her father when she heard the accusation?

____________________________________________________________________

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____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

3. What was the object did the daughter hide in her sleeve when her father confronted

her? What did she answer to her father?

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

4. How did the father feel after he talked to her daughter? How about her stepmother?

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

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