Physical Properties of MatterSC.8.P.8.4Classify and compare substances on the basis of characteristic physical properties that can be demonstrated or measured; for example, density, thermal or electrical conductivity, solubility, magnetic properties, melting and boiling points, and know that these properties are independent of the amount of the sample.

Before we can discuss physical properties of

matter, we need to know

What is Matter?

Is it matter or not?Make a T-chart

___ sound ___ glass ___ cells___ wood ___ balloons ___ atoms___ water ___ jello ___ energy___ electricity ___ copper ___ thoughts___ light ___ flame ___ smoke___ oxygen ___ ashes ___ dust___ lead ___ heat ___ air

Pair Read “Matter-Introduction” ● answer questions below T-chart● Correct T-chart

Is it matter or not?

___ sound ___ glass ___ cells___ wood ___ balloons ___ atoms___ water ___ jello ___ energy___ electricity ___ copper ___ thoughts___ light ___ flame ___ smoke___ oxygen ___ ashes ___ dust___ lead ___ heat ___ air

N

Y

Y

N

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

Y

Y

N

N

Y

Y

Y

So What is Matter?

Matter is anything that:● takes up space ● has mass● made up of atoms or subatomic particles

You don’t always see it but it is there.

So why is energy NOT a form of matter?

● Energy is not matter, but it can move matter.● Energy is in the form of waves, it does not

have mass nor does it take up space.

Properties of Matter● Properties are the qualities that a particular

type of matter has.● Can be referred to as traits or characteristics● Include both physical and chemical properties

Physical Properties of matterDensity malleability viscosity

Thermal conductivity luster cohesion

Electrical conductivity ductility elasticity

Solubility hardness

Magnetism shape

Melting point state of matter (solid, liquid, gas)

Boiling point can you think of any more?

Density

density, mass, weight, volume video

Finding massThe best tool to find mass is a triple beam balance

aka: balance beam

how to use a balance beam video

Balance beam practice virtual

We are going to be looking at physical properties of matter that are independent of the size of the sample, which is most of them.

What does “independent of the size of the sample” mean?

● No matter how much of a specific piece of matter you have, certain physical properties of that type of matter remain the same.

Some physical properties of water and iron

Example: pure liquid water Example: pure iron

● Boiling point 100°C (212°F)● Melting point 0°C (32°F)● Density 1 g/mL● Electrical conductivity: no● It is cohesive to glass

● Boiling point 3000°C (5400°F) ● Melting point 1536°C (2797°F)● Density 7.87 g/cm3

● Electrical conductivity: yes

No matter how much iron you have, it still has a density of 7.87 g/cm3

densityMass per unit volume

The amount of stuff (mass) packed in a space (volume)

Examples:

MATERIAL DENSITY (g/cm3 or g/mL)

Rubbing alcohol 0.79

Pure water 1.0

Baby oil 0.83

Vegetable oil 0.92

The more dense material _________

The less dense material __________

Thermal conductivity

The ability of a material to transfer heat● Metals are good conductors● Nonmetals like Wood and foam are

poor conductors (insulators)

Heat transfers from hotter to colder

misconceptions about temperature video

Electrical conductivityThe ability of a material to allow the flow of electric current

Metals conduct electricity

How do batteries work?

solubilityThe amount of a substance that can dissolve in another substance at a specific temperature.

pHet solubility interactive

Magnetic propertiesThe ability of a substance to attract a magnet

How magnets are made

Melting pointThe temperature at which a substance changes from a Solid to a liquid.

Melting Point = Freezing Point

(liquid to a solid)

How is water weird video

Boiling pointThe temperature at which a substance changes from a

Liquid to a gas

Density Practice Problems

The density of a substance is a measure of how much mass is packed into a certain volume of the substance. Substances with a high density, like steel, have molecules that are packed together tightly. Substances with a low density, like cork, have fewer molecules packed into the same amount of space.

1. What is the density of CO gas if 0.196 g occupies a volume of 100 ml?

2. A block of wood 4 cm on each side has a mass of 27 g. What is the density of the block? (Hint, don’t forget to find the volume of the wood.)

3. An irregularly shaped stone was lowered into a graduated cylinder holding a volume of water equal to 2 ml. The height of the water rose to 7 ml. If the mass of the stone was 25 g, what was its density?

4. A 10.0 cm3 sample of copper has a mass of 89.6 g. What is the density of copper?

5. Silver has a density of 10.5 grams/cm3 and gold has a density of 19.3 g/cm3. Which would have the greater mass, 5cm3 of silver or 5cm3 of gold?

Virtual lab - identify mystery substances using physical (density, boiling point, melting point) and chemical (flame color) properties