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Savings and Credit Cooperatives for Economic Empowerment of
Women
Yagya GhaleCMF, Kathmandu, Nepal
Background
Nepal is a Himalayan Kingdom Total Area 147,181 Sq. Km Geographically divided into three regions-
Moutain 35% Hill 42% Terai (plains) 23%
Conti..
Population 2,31,51,423 Male 1,15,63,921 (49.9%) Female 1,15,87,502 (50.1%) People live in rural areas 85.8 % Literacy rate 54% Engaged in agriculture >65% Population growth rate 2.25% Agriculture growth rate 2.3% Agriculture Contribution to GDP 39.3%
Cultural Heritage
About 102 caste/ethnic groups of people
About 91 languages/dialects in use
Nepali is a national language
Nepali and English used as official
language
Wood and stone carving, and pagoda
type of architects are famous in the world
Status of Women and Cooperatives
Status Women Population 1,15,87,502 (50.1%) Women literacy rate 26% Women literacy rate 26% Landholding by women 8.1% Landholding by women 8.1% Women ownership of both house and land 4%Women ownership of both house and land 4% Women have limited access and control to resourcesWomen have limited access and control to resources
Women Cooperatives Total Cooperatives 6,484Total Cooperatives 6,484 Women cooperatives 557 (8.5%)Women cooperatives 557 (8.5%) Total Savings and Credit Cooperatives 532 Total Savings and Credit Cooperatives 532 Women Savings and Credit Cooperatives 280 (52.6%)Women Savings and Credit Cooperatives 280 (52.6%)
Center For Micro-Finance (CMF) Nepal
Sustainable Micro-finance for Poverty Alleviation Sustainable Micro-finance for Poverty Alleviation and Women’s Empowerment and Women’s Empowerment
Estd. July 21, 2000 Estd. July 21, 2000
Vision:Vision: To improve access to sustainable micro To improve access to sustainable micro
finance services for the poorest familiesfinance services for the poorest families
Mission:Mission: To strengthen institutional capacity of To strengthen institutional capacity of
micro finance institutions in the country micro finance institutions in the country
Objectives Provide micro-finance training, technical Provide micro-finance training, technical
assistance and consultancy servicesassistance and consultancy services Undertake research studies, publications and Undertake research studies, publications and
arrange seminars/workshops arrange seminars/workshops Promote awareness and commitment to "micro-Promote awareness and commitment to "micro-
finance best practices"finance best practices" Collaborate with national and international Collaborate with national and international
organizationsorganizations Develop as a micro-finance resource center Develop as a micro-finance resource center Assist in formulation of legal framework to Assist in formulation of legal framework to
create conducive environment for micro-finance create conducive environment for micro-finance Create awareness in gender dimensions of Create awareness in gender dimensions of
micro-financemicro-finance
Programs and Services
Technical assistanceTechnical assistance
MF training programsMF training programs
Study tours and internshipsStudy tours and internships
Networking and communicationNetworking and communication
Research and documentationResearch and documentation
Projects implemented by CMF Strengthening of micro-finance sector in Strengthening of micro-finance sector in
Nepal/FORD FOUNDATIONNepal/FORD FOUNDATION Impact assessment of savings and credit ooperatives Impact assessment of savings and credit ooperatives
in the hilly districts/FORD FOUNDATIONin the hilly districts/FORD FOUNDATION Strengthening of Women Savings and Credit Strengthening of Women Savings and Credit
Cooperative Project ( MJII)/CANADIAN Cooperative Project ( MJII)/CANADIAN COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION (CCA)COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION (CCA)
Pilot testing of micro-insurance services to poor Pilot testing of micro-insurance services to poor clients of MFIs/CGAPclients of MFIs/CGAP
Strengthening of Community-based Self-Help Strengthening of Community-based Self-Help Cooperative Ltd.(CSCL) /GTZCooperative Ltd.(CSCL) /GTZ
ASIA-ITC (IT Support)/PLANET FINANCEASIA-ITC (IT Support)/PLANET FINANCE TRCP/ KMTNCTRCP/ KMTNC
Coverage of CMF
IMPACT
Training support
Morang, Banke NBS / CARE
Ilam, Dolkha, Tanahu, Kavre
Dolkha, Kavre, Kathmandu, Lalitpur, Bhaktpur, Dhading, Chitwan, Banke,
Morang, Shiraha, Saptari, Sunsari, Tanahu, Kaski, Nawalparasi, Sarlahi,
Makawanpur, Rauthat, Parsa, Dhanusha, Rupendehi, Ilam
MJ II
Parbat, KapivastuGTZ / NGOFP
GTZ / ISFP
Dadeldhuda, Doti, Achham, Darchula
Micro-insurance Dhading, Kavre, Nawalparasi
Training support
Morang, Banke,NBS/CARE
Coverage of CMF
Working areas
CCA’s Support for Poverty Reduction
““Strengthening of Women Savings and Credit Strengthening of Women Savings and Credit Cooperatives Project” for economic Cooperatives Project” for economic empowerment to the poor womenempowerment to the poor women
Goal
To increase the effectiveness and impact of savings and credit cooperatives in reducing poverty
Purpose
To improve the social and economic well being of at least 15,000 poor-rural women
Target Beneficiaries
15,000 poor rural women members of 50 community based Women Savings and Credit Cooperatives (SCCs) benefited
Major activities
Capacity Building of 30 Women Savings and Capacity Building of 30 Women Savings and Credit CooperativesCredit Cooperatives
Consolidation and Institutionalization of 200 Consolidation and Institutionalization of 200 Women’s Savings and Credit GroupsWomen’s Savings and Credit Groups
Acheivements
Improved Financial Services through SCCsImproved Financial Services through SCCs
Social IntermediationSocial Intermediation
System BuildingSystem Building
Consolidation and Institutionalization of Consolidation and Institutionalization of SCGsSCGs
Summary Table of the Achievements
SN Indicators Unit Achievement
Sept 2002 Sept 2004
1 Household covered No 5,684 10,526
2 No of members No 7,055 13,116
3 No of loans provided to members
No 2,125 8,532
4 Outstanding loan NRs 16,517,057 51,944,717
5 Total savings balance NRs 13,101,486 39,133,716
6 Share NRs 2,064,379 6,194,269
7 Reserves NRs 2,438,188 4,902,235
8 Assets NRs 21,419,099 58,206,508
Challenges faced
InternalInternal Institutionalization of small groups of young Institutionalization of small groups of young
women with limited financial and human women with limited financial and human resourcesresources
Securing sustainabilitySecuring sustainability SCCs generally did not have the required financial SCCs generally did not have the required financial
or managerial resources or managerial resources Institutional constraints of SCCsInstitutional constraints of SCCs
ExternalExternal Ongoing Maoist insurgencyOngoing Maoist insurgency Political instability of the countryPolitical instability of the country Legal constraintsLegal constraints
Steps taken to overcome the challenges
Started a process to consolidate and Started a process to consolidate and institutionalize the small women groups institutionalize the small women groups
Provided training and technical assistance Provided training and technical assistance
Used institutional assessment tool and Used institutional assessment tool and monitoring database monitoring database
Recruited highly qualified and experienced Recruited highly qualified and experienced staffstaff
Lessons Learned
No Maoist interference due to community-No Maoist interference due to community-based, locally-owned and managed based, locally-owned and managed Savings and Credit Cooperatives (SCCs)Savings and Credit Cooperatives (SCCs)
Women owned and managed SCCs are Women owned and managed SCCs are highly effective in the field of savings and highly effective in the field of savings and credit mobilization activities.credit mobilization activities.
SCCs have been proven as a good forum to SCCs have been proven as a good forum to the poor rural women for active the poor rural women for active participation in community development.participation in community development.
Conti…Conti…
Need to build awareness of gender Need to build awareness of gender issues among board and general issues among board and general members members
MF intervention is effective for targeted MF intervention is effective for targeted womenwomen
Women tend to be more responsible in Women tend to be more responsible in terms of money managementterms of money management
Need to sustain the impact of micro-Need to sustain the impact of micro-finance servicesfinance services
Local government and line agencies are Local government and line agencies are cooperative with women SCCs.cooperative with women SCCs.
Remaining challenges
Strengthen the institutional capacity of Strengthen the institutional capacity of the SCCs for sustainabilitythe SCCs for sustainability
Need to deliver of better services to the Need to deliver of better services to the poor women to reduce poverty levelpoor women to reduce poverty level
How to overcome the challenges? Project extension for three years has been Project extension for three years has been
expected from CCAexpected from CCA
Scaling up the institutional capacity to the Scaling up the institutional capacity to the financial self-sufficiency financial self-sufficiency
Delivery of better MF services to 25,000 Delivery of better MF services to 25,000 poor womenpoor women
Comprising each SCC with average 500 Comprising each SCC with average 500 membersmembers
Activities foreseen in the extended phase of the project
New product with market researchNew product with market research
Expansion of geographical coverageExpansion of geographical coverage
Advance level of TA/training and exposure visitsAdvance level of TA/training and exposure visits
Enhance networking and linkagesEnhance networking and linkages
Micro insuranceMicro insurance
BDS (Business Development Service) linkagesBDS (Business Development Service) linkages
Study on Social Impact of the project Study on Social Impact of the project
Documentation and dissemination of experiencesDocumentation and dissemination of experiences
Project activities