Satterthwaite’s Approximation for Degrees of Freedom

Art Instruction Effect on Reading Development

J.C. Mills (1973), “The Effect of Art Instruction Upon a Reading Development Test: An Experimental Study with Rural Appalachian Children,” Studies in Art Education, Vol. 14, #3, pp.4-8

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Case 2 – Variances are Unequal - II

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of the ratio of a chi-square to its degrees of freedom

Example – Art Instruction Effect on Reading

• Experiment to Determine Effect of Art Instruction on a Reading Development Test 52 Children Given Baseline Reading Test 26 Received Art Instruction (Trt), 26 Did not (Control) Y=Post-Test – Pre-Test Score

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