SAP WInNT

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BASIS TRAINNING

Operating SystemWindows NT

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Windows NT Server 4.0

Server

The term “server” mean the combination of the :

Hardware

Operating system

Network service

Application software

Network connection

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Windows NT Server 4.0

Introduction

Microsoft Windows NT Server 4.0 is a multipurpose server operatins!stem which inte rates a variet! of networ" services.#esi ned forrobust scalable networ"s based on #omains.$ptimi%ed to ive oodperformance as an application Server

Features&' (it $peratin S!stem

Supports 4 microprocessorsMultitas"in )Multithreadin

*entrali%ed +ser ,dministration

Supports 4 -( of ,M

/ile s!stems supported are: /,T NT/S and *#/S.

*an be a #1*2 W3NS /T2 Telnet and #NS server.3nbuilt Securit! and /ault tolerance options.

/ile and 2rint Sharin

3nbuilt web Server.

Supports no of *lient)server application.

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NT Server 4.0 File systemFile SystemMeans of accessin data on a variet! of different si%ed drives

whether the drive is a flopp! drive a hard drive or a *# $M.#ependin on re5uirement /ile S!stem can be chosenaccordin l!

FAT

The FAT ( file allocation table ) isbasically an index on your harddrive. Your computer uses thisindex to remember where it stuckyour files.

. With a FAT ! system" you haveabout a # $% limit on disk

&ual %oot 'ption

o security

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NT Server Networ !roto"olsProtocols

TCP/IP for Transmission *ontrol2rotocol)3nternet 2rotocol

*ommunication protocols used to connecthosts on the networ".

NetBEUI( Net(3$S e8tended userinterface

Net(;+3 protocol uses *omputer Namebroadcasts to locate other computers onthe networ".

#eveloped for small 6,Ns

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NT Server Networ !roto"ols TCP/IP for Transmission *ontrol 2rotocol)3nternet 2rotocol

Features:

The capabilit! to connect dissimilar s!stems .3nternet access is achieved usin the T*2)32 protocol.

;ach host on a T*2)32 networ" is assi ned a uni5ue &' bit lo icaladdress and consists of four > bit fields.

T*2)32 is a routable protocol

Class Beginning Ending*lass , 00?.8.!.% ?'9.8.!.%

*lass ( ?'>.0.!.% ?@?.'77.!.%

*lass * ?@'.0.0.% ''&.'77.'77.%

Su net !asks

To inform T*2)32 hosts which bits of the &' bit 32 address correspond tothe networ" address and which bits correspond to the host address.

3f no subnets are used then default subnet mas" must be used.

Address Class Su net !ask Notation

*lass , '77.0.0.0

*lass ( '77.'77.0.0

*lass * '77.'77.'77.0

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NT Server 4.0 #a$lt Toleran"eFault Tolerance

,bilit! to respond to a catastrophic event such as powerouta e or a hardware failure so that no data is lost andthat wor" in pro ress is not corrupted

#AID #edundant Array o) Inde*endent (orIne+*ensive" Dis,s*ate or! of dis" drives that emplo! two or more drives incombination for fault tolerance and performance

$ RAID 0: Striped Disk Array without FaultTolerance

2rovides data stripin

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NT Server 4.0 #a$lt Toleran"e

RAID 1: Mirroring and DuplexingSimultaneousl! write the same data to two ph!sicaldrives . When one drive fails performance returns too normal.

#is" +tili%ation 70C.

,ll drives and partitions can be mirrored includinboot and s!stem partitions.

1i her cost

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NT Server 4.0 #a$lt Toleran"e#AID -& Inde*endent Data dis,s it. distri uted *arity

loc,s

#rive Space D

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NT Server 4.0 #a$lt Toleran"eSummary o) #AID 'indo sNT Server

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#/0 installation and t.e #AID levels to e used

SA" #ata Files :

2lace #ata /iles in dis" subs!stem that is dedicated primaril!for data.To ensure data redundanc! S,2 recommends the useof ,3# 7.

$og Files%

The transaction lo file records all the chan es made to thedatabase. 3f the media fails or data base dama e occurs thetransaction lo pla!s a vital role in restoration or recover!.

S,2 recommends usin hardware based mirrorin < ,3# ?=.

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NT Server 4.0 %is Administrator

,ll hard dis" confi uration can be done usin the #is" ,dministratortool.

#ifferent Windows NT Server dis" confi urations are:Stripe set

Eolume set

#is" mirrorin

Stripe set with parit!

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Bac,u*

(ac" is one of the most crucial parts of !our s!stem. Murph!Fscorollar! sa!s “The bac"up that is failed is the bac"up !ou willneed.”

Windows NT (ac"up is a raphical tool for protectin data fromaccidental loss or hardware and media failures.

(ac" up and restore both local and remote files.

*reate a batch file to automate repeated bac"upsof drives.

*ontrol the destination drive and director! for arestore operation.

2lace multiple bac"up sets on a tape and eitherappend new bac"up sets or overwrite the wholetape.

Bac,u* Ty*es

Normal

Incremental

Di1erential

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Normal

#urin a Normal t!pe of bac"up ever! file on the s!stem isbac"ed up.

6on est to perform but easiest to restore

Incremental#urin an 3ncremental t!pe of bac"up onl! files that have beenchan ed since the last bac"up will be bac"ed up.

6ess time to (ac"up More to estore.

Decremental#urin #ifferential bac"up t!pe onl! files that have beenchan ed since the last full (ac"up will be bac"ed up.

More time to bac"up (ut lass time to estore

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NT Server Advan"ed Feat$res2a+imi3e T.rou!.*ut )or Net or,

A**licationsTo optimi%e memor! usa e the Windows NT Server automaticall!allocates certain amounts of memor! for specific purposes 4While runnindistributed applications such as S,2 Server SG6 Server or $racle Server;8chan e Server.

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NT Server 4.0 Advan"ed Feat$res

5irtual 2emory

Windows NT provides a privatememor! ran e called HEirtualMemor! SpaceH and mappin thatvirtual memor! to ph!sical memor!.

+sin the Eirtual Memor! 2rocesssome of the applications code is"ept into ,M while some of it is onthe ph!sical dis".

The least recentl! used

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NT Server 4.0 %omain

Net or, 2ana!ement

There are two t!pes of networ"in confi urations in Windows NT:

Wor" roups and #omains.

'or,!rou*, wor" roup is an or ani%ational unit of a sin le s!stem.

S!stems in a wor" roup individuall! mana e their own user and roupaccount information

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NT Server 4.0 %omain

Domain

, domain is a collection of servers that are rouped to ether sharin a

securit! polic! and a user account database.

*entrali%ed user account database

3t *onsists of:

2rimar! #omain *ontroller

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User Administration

+sers can be created on the 2#* (#*.

+sername +p to '0 characters e8cludin

The username ma! be chan ed after it is created .

/ull name

2assword *ase sensitive and up to ?4 characters.+ser must chan e password at ne8t lo on *hec"bo8

+ser cannot chan e password *hec"bo8

2assword never e8pires *hec"bo8

,ccount #isabled *hec"bo8

,ccount loc"ed out *hec"bo8

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NT Server 4.0 Advan"ed Feat$resEvent 5ie er

S!stem 6o s s!stem errors for drivers bindin errors or servicefailures.

Securit! 6o s lo on off and lo on events and other securit!related events as set up in the event viewer. These are set up inthe user mana er.

,pplication 2rocesses an application action creates.

, blue HiH

represents eventhas occurred butnot a criticalevent.

, Bellow e8clamation pointrepresents

caution which ma!or ma! not affectfuture operations.

, red stop si nrepresentsproblem that hascaused a failure of

service

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Tas, 2ana!er,pplications

2rocesses Shows 23# *2+*2+ time and memor! usa e.

2erformance Shows:

*2+ usa e and histor!

memor! usa e andhistor!

Total handles threadsand processes

2h!sical memor!

*ommit *har e Memor!allocated to the s!stemor pro rams.

Iernel memor!

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NT Server 4.0 System&Appli"ation servi"esServices

Controllin! Services

Start Stop

2ause

*ontinue estart a service that is paused.

Startup HautomaticH HmanualH or HdisabledH.

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NT Server 4.0 Servi"e !a" sService Pac,s

Service pac"s are the means b! which Windows NT 4.0 product

updates are distributed.Service pac"s "eep the product current and e8tend and update theproductJs functionalit!

Documents

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