Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
SAN
TA M
ON
ICA’
S U
RBA
N F
ORE
ST M
AST
ER P
LAN
CHA
PTER
2 -
GU
IDIN
G P
RIN
CIPL
ES.
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
39
DEV
ELO
PIN
G P
OLI
CY A
ND
STA
ND
ARD
S FR
OM
TH
E G
UID
ING
PRI
NCI
PLES
.
. .
40
GU
IDIN
G P
RIN
CIPL
ES:
1. T
HE
URB
AN
FO
REST
AN
D IT
S EN
VIRO
NM
ENT
.
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
422.
UN
DER
STA
ND
ING
TH
E U
RBA
N F
ORE
ST
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. 4
43.
ECO
NO
MIC
S O
F TH
E U
RBA
N F
ORE
ST.
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
46
4. C
OLL
ABO
RATI
NG
ON
URB
AN
FO
REST
MA
NAG
EMEN
T .
. .
. .
. .
.
. .
. 4
85.
SU
STA
INA
BLE
MA
NAG
EMEN
T O
F TH
E U
RBA
N F
ORE
ST.
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. 5
06.
EN
HA
NCI
NG
TH
E U
RBA
N F
ORE
ST.
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. 56
THE
FUTU
RE O
F T
HE
URB
AN
FO
REST
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. 59
VISI
ON
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. 5
EXEC
UTI
VE S
UM
MA
RY &
MIS
SIO
N S
TATE
MEN
T .
.
. .
. 6
CHA
PTER
1 -
BACK
GRO
UN
D O
F TH
E U
RBA
N F
ORE
ST .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. 9
HIS
TORY
OF
SAN
TA M
ON
ICA’
S U
RBA
N F
ORE
ST
. .
. .
. .
. .
.
. .
. .
. .
. .
. . 1
0
RELA
TIO
NSH
IP T
O O
THER
CIT
Y D
OCU
MEN
TS .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
.
. .
. .
. .
. 14
BASE
LIN
E EN
VIRO
NM
ENTA
L CO
ND
ITIO
NS
. .
.
. .
.
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. 1
5W
ATER
SHED
AN
D W
ATER
QU
ALI
TY .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. . .
. .
. .
. .
. 1
5TO
POG
RAPH
Y A
ND
SO
ILS
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. . .
. .
. .
. . .
.
. . 1
6CL
IMAT
E A
ND
MIC
RO-C
LIM
ATES
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
.
. .
17EC
OLO
GY,
PLA
NT,
AN
D W
ILD
LIFE
CO
MM
UN
ITIE
S .
. .
. .
.
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
18TH
E SA
NTA
MO
NIC
A F
REEW
AY .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
19
DES
CRIP
TIO
N O
F SA
NTA
MO
NIC
A’S
URB
AN
FO
REST
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. 2
0TO
P 15
SPE
CIES
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
.
. .
. .
. .
. . .
. .
. .
. . .
. .
. .
.
. 20
GRO
WSP
ACE
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. . .
.
. . .
. .
. .
. .
22RI
GH
T TR
EE IN
TH
E RI
GH
T PL
ACE
. .
. .
. .
.
. .
. .
. .
. . .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. 2
4CA
NO
PY C
OVE
RAG
E .
. .
. .
.
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
.. .
. .
. .
. .
26
ENVI
RON
MEN
TAL
BEN
EFIT
S O
F TH
E U
RBA
N F
ORE
ST .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
28
COM
MU
NIT
Y VI
EWS
OF
THE
URB
AN
FO
REST
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
32
FOO
TNO
TES
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
.
. .
. .
. .
. 37
TABL
E O
F CO
NTE
NTS
2 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
2 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
4 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
4 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
20th
Stre
et a
t Geo
rgina
, look
ing n
orth
.
San
ta M
onic
a’s
coas
tal s
ettin
g an
d ph
ysic
al b
eaut
y of
fer
a de
sira
ble
qual
ity
of li
fe to
thos
e w
ho li
ve, w
ork
and
visi
t her
e. T
wo
hund
red
and
fi fty
yea
rs a
go
the
area
was
bla
nket
ed b
y gr
assl
ands
and
coa
stal
sag
e sc
rub.
As
vario
us
cultu
res
inha
bite
d th
e la
nd, t
hey
adju
sted
thei
r liv
es to
fi t t
he la
ndsc
ape
and
adju
sted
the
land
scap
e to
fi t t
heir
need
s, ta
stes
, and
sen
sibi
litie
s.
The
urba
n fo
rest
of t
oday
is th
e re
sult
of th
e de
cisi
ons
by th
ose
who
man
aged
th
e fo
rest
bef
ore
us, a
nd is
gre
ater
than
the
sum
of i
ndiv
idua
l tre
es o
utsi
de
our h
omes
, sho
ps a
nd o
ffi ce
s. It
is th
e en
viro
nmen
t in
whi
ch w
e w
ork
and
play
an
d th
roug
h w
hich
we
trave
l dai
ly. It
is th
e ae
sthe
tic s
ettin
g fo
r ou
r sc
hool
s,
busi
ness
es,
cultu
ral a
ttrac
tions
, an
d pl
aces
of
recr
eatio
n an
d re
new
al.
It is
ou
r ec
osys
tem
; th
e ha
bita
t in
whi
ch w
e th
rive.
It
is o
ur s
hare
d co
mm
unity
re
sour
ce.
We
owe
it to
our
selv
es a
nd f
utur
e ge
nera
tions
to
secu
re a
nd e
nhan
ce t
he
bene
fi ts
of a
thr
ivin
g ur
ban
fore
st in
San
ta M
onic
a. W
e ca
n do
thi
s on
ly if
w
e un
ders
tand
its
impo
rtanc
e an
d ut
ilize
new
kno
wle
dge
of e
nviro
nmen
tal
scie
nce
and
arbo
ricul
tura
l tec
hnol
ogy
in o
rder
to a
dapt
nim
bly
to c
hang
es in
th
e en
viro
nmen
t.
This
Urb
an F
ores
t Mas
ter P
lan
seek
s to
incr
ease
age
and
spe
cies
div
ersi
ty in
th
e pu
blic
tree
pop
ulat
ion,
aug
men
t bio
mas
s an
d ca
nopy
cov
erag
e ci
tyw
ide,
en
hanc
e th
e ch
arac
ter
and
aest
hetic
s of
our
nei
ghbo
rhoo
ds a
nd a
chie
ve
exem
plar
y st
ewar
dshi
p of
the
for
est
from
all
who
live
and
wor
k he
re.
The
M
aste
r Pla
n m
ust b
e re
gard
ed a
s bo
th a
long
rang
e po
licy
guid
e an
d a
livin
g do
cum
ent t
hat w
ill re
spon
d to
cha
ngin
g co
nditi
ons
over
its
life.
It r
equi
res
a cl
ose
partn
ersh
ip b
etw
een
polic
y m
aker
s, s
taff
and
the
com
mun
ity.
San
ta M
onic
a ha
s es
tabl
ishe
d an
int
erna
tiona
l re
puta
tion
for
enlig
hten
ed
envi
ronm
enta
l pol
icie
s an
d th
e re
spec
tful c
onse
rvat
ion
of n
atur
al r
esou
rces
. A
dopt
ion
of t
his
Mas
ter
Pla
n is
the
nex
t si
gnifi
cant
ste
p in
San
ta M
onic
a’s
cont
inuu
m o
f sus
tain
abili
ty p
olic
ies.
VISI
ON
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 5
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 5
heal
th,
econ
omic
and
aes
thet
ic t
erm
s, e
spec
ially
w
hen
resu
lting
from
a c
omm
unity
vis
ioni
ng a
nd g
oal-
setti
ng p
roce
ss.2 ”
Ther
e ar
e tw
o im
porta
nt d
istin
ctio
ns b
etw
een
thes
e de
fi niti
ons.
Alth
ough
th
e fi r
st
defi n
ition
m
entio
ns
reso
urce
s an
d ec
osys
tem
s,
it do
es
not
dire
ctly
em
phas
ize
the
envi
ronm
enta
l ben
efi ts
of t
he u
rban
fo
rest
. T
he s
econ
d de
fi niti
on p
lace
s em
phas
is o
n th
e “p
lann
ed a
nd p
rogr
amm
atic
app
roac
h” re
sulti
ng
from
a c
omm
unity
pro
cess
.
This
shi
ft in
defi
niti
on p
aral
lels
the
City
’s s
hift
from
th
e C
omm
unity
For
est M
anag
emen
t Pla
n, a
ppro
ved
by C
ity C
ounc
il in
200
0, t
o a
long
ran
ge U
rban
Fo
rest
Mas
ter P
lan
(Mas
ter P
lan)
. Thi
s M
aste
r Pla
n do
cum
ent u
pdat
es a
nd e
xpan
ds u
pon
the
Com
mun
ity
Fore
st M
anag
emen
t Pla
n 20
00 a
nd p
rovi
des
a liv
ing
docu
men
t co
ntai
ning
m
easu
res
for
culti
vatin
g a
succ
essf
ul u
rban
for
est
and
reco
mm
enda
tions
for
on
goin
g im
prov
emen
ts.
UR
BAN
FO
RES
T M
AST
ER P
LAN
MIS
SIO
N S
TAT
EMEN
TTo
ens
ure
that
all
bene
fi ts
of a
hea
lthy
urba
n fo
rest
are
av
aila
ble
to
San
ta
Mon
ica
resi
dent
s an
d vi
sito
rs
for
gene
ratio
ns
to
com
e,
to
guid
e th
e pe
rpet
uatio
n an
d en
hanc
emen
t of p
ublic
tree
can
opy
for t
he e
ntire
city
, and
to
inf
orm
the
com
mun
ity o
f th
e im
porta
nce
of t
he u
rban
fo
rest
and
the
best
pra
ctic
es to
follo
w to
hel
p it
thriv
e .
As
expr
esse
d in
the
Urb
an F
ores
t M
aste
r P
lan
Mis
sion
Sta
tem
ent,
the
Mas
ter
Pla
n w
ill s
erve
as
a
guid
e fo
r pe
rpet
uatin
g an
d en
hanc
ing
San
ta M
onic
a’s
urba
n fo
rest
. T
he M
aste
r P
lan
esta
blis
hes
guid
ing
prin
cipl
es
and
asso
ciat
ed
goal
s th
at
resu
lt in
sp
ecifi
c st
rate
gies
fo
r ad
dres
sing
the
nee
ds o
f th
e ur
ban
fore
st. T
hese
st
rate
gies
tak
e in
to c
onsi
dera
tion
envi
ronm
enta
l an
d ur
ban
cond
ition
s th
at fl
uctu
ate
over
tim
e, a
nd
are
fl exi
ble
enou
gh to
acc
ount
for
futu
re c
hang
es
that
will
affe
ct th
e tre
es o
f the
urb
an fo
rest
, suc
h as
in
sect
s, d
isea
se, c
limat
e sh
ifts
and
othe
r fa
ctor
s.
The
Mas
ter
Pla
n se
ts g
uide
lines
for
perio
dic
tree
spec
ies
perfo
rman
ce e
valu
atio
ns a
nd a
djus
tmen
ts
in t
he u
se o
f in
divi
dual
spe
cies
. B
y us
ing
an
adap
tive
man
agem
ent
appr
oach
, ne
w r
esea
rch
and
tech
nolo
gies
will
be
inco
rpor
ated
int
o th
e ap
pend
ices
of
this
Mas
ter
Pla
n as
the
y be
com
e av
aila
ble.
A
s th
e C
ity a
nd o
ther
age
ncie
s re
vise
an
d re
fi ne
thei
r m
etho
ds f
or t
ree
care
and
oth
er
City
doc
umen
ts a
re u
pdat
ed, t
he M
aste
r P
lan
will
al
so e
volv
e.
The
Mas
ter P
lan
desc
ribes
the
City
’s u
rban
fore
st,
anal
yzes
its
cond
ition
and
com
pare
s its
gro
wth
to
prev
ious
yea
rs.
Thi
s sn
ap s
hot
in t
ime
prov
ides
th
e co
mm
unity
and
futu
re m
anag
ers
of th
e ur
ban
fore
st w
ith a
n hi
stor
ical
acc
ount
of
the
fore
st
and
a S
treet
Tre
e D
esig
natio
ns L
ist
to c
reat
e ne
ighb
orho
od
stre
et
tree
envi
ronm
ents
.
The
anal
ysis
of
the
fore
st c
alcu
late
s th
e va
lue
of t
he
envi
ronm
enta
l ben
efi ts
it p
rovi
des.
The
City
of S
anta
Mon
ica
is c
omm
itted
to im
prov
ing
and
enha
ncin
g its
ur
ban
fore
st.
Est
ablis
hing
, m
aint
aini
ng a
nd e
nhan
cing
a h
ealth
y ur
ban
fore
st
is a
com
plex
and
mul
ti-la
yere
d en
deav
or.
It af
fect
s an
d is
affe
cted
by
man
y fa
ctor
s. T
his
docu
men
t ex
amin
es t
he c
onte
xt o
f S
anta
Mon
ica’
s ur
ban
fore
st
and
deve
lops
gu
idin
g pr
inci
ples
, go
als,
st
rate
gies
and
gui
delin
es f
or i
ts m
anag
emen
t to
en
sure
its
on-g
oing
impr
ovem
ent.
Urb
an F
ores
try,
as d
efi n
ed b
y th
e D
ictio
nary
of
Fore
stry
, is
the
“ar
t, sc
ienc
e, a
nd t
echn
olog
y of
m
anag
ing
tree
and
fore
st re
sour
ces
in a
nd a
roun
d co
mm
unity
ec
osys
tem
s fo
r th
e ph
ysio
logi
cal,
soci
olog
ical
, ec
onom
ic,
and
aest
hetic
be
nefi t
s tre
es p
rovi
de s
ocie
ty.1 ”
In 2
009,
the
Am
eric
an
Pla
nnin
g A
ssoc
iatio
n ex
pand
ed th
e U
rban
For
estry
de
fi niti
on to
incl
ude
“a p
lann
ed a
nd p
rogr
amm
atic
ap
proa
ch to
the
deve
lopm
ent o
f the
urb
an fo
rest
, in
clud
ing
all
elem
ents
of
gr
een
infra
stru
ctur
e w
ithin
the
com
mun
ity, i
n an
effo
rt to
opt
imiz
e th
e re
sulti
ng b
enefi
ts in
soc
ial,
envi
ronm
enta
l, pu
blic
EXEC
UTI
VE S
UM
MA
RY
6 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
6 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Cap
ital P
roje
cts
• P
rovi
de in
put o
n pr
opos
ed tr
ee p
lant
ing
activ
ities
in
City
pub
lic im
prov
emen
t pro
ject
s.
Stre
et T
ree
Spe
cies
Sel
ectio
n •
Pro
vide
inpu
t on
stre
et tr
ee s
peci
es d
esig
natio
n,
incl
udin
g th
ose
adja
cent
to
de
sign
ated
ci
ty
land
mar
ks a
nd w
ithin
his
toric
dis
trict
s. T
he la
tter
will
be
acco
mpl
ishe
d in
con
junc
tion
with
the
La
ndm
arks
Com
mis
sion
. E
duca
tion
• P
rovi
de in
put o
n th
e de
velo
pmen
t of t
he H
erita
ge
Tree
edu
catio
nal p
rogr
am.
• E
ncou
rage
res
pons
ible
ste
war
dshi
p of
tree
s on
pr
ivat
e pr
oper
ty.
• P
rovi
de in
put t
o st
aff o
n w
ritte
n m
ater
ials
sen
t to
resi
dent
s re
gard
ing
trees
.Fu
ndin
g •
Adv
ocat
e an
d su
ppor
t fu
ndin
g in
itiat
ives
in
clud
ing
gran
t fun
ding
opp
ortu
nitie
s.
Rep
ort E
valu
atio
n •
Eva
luat
e bi
enni
al re
ports
and
the
fi rst
sev
en-y
ear
repo
rt on
ach
ievi
ng t
he s
tate
d en
viro
nmen
tal
perfo
rman
ce g
oals
as
spec
ifi ed
in
the
Mas
ter
Pla
n. A
s ne
eded
, th
e Ta
sk F
orce
will
adv
ise
staf
f on
rec
omm
ende
d ch
ange
s to
the
Mas
ter
Pla
n’s
goal
s an
d st
rate
gies
, in
clud
ing
the
appe
als
proc
esse
s, t
ree
spec
ies
desi
gnat
ions
, tre
e va
luat
ion,
the
publ
ic re
view
pro
cess
for t
ree
rem
oval
s, a
nd t
ree
relo
catio
ns a
s pa
rt of
City
pu
blic
impr
ovem
ent p
roje
cts.
P
ublic
Lia
ison
•
List
en t
o pu
blic
con
cern
s ab
out
tree
rela
ted
issu
es a
nd c
onve
y th
ose
conc
erns
to
City
st
aff.
• A
dvoc
ate
for
trans
pare
ncy
in C
ity o
pera
tions
an
d fo
r bes
t pra
ctic
es in
thei
r int
erac
tions
with
ou
tsid
e co
ntra
ctor
s.
• A
ct a
s re
pres
enta
tives
of
the
Urb
an F
ores
t Ta
sk F
orce
bef
ore
othe
r ap
poin
ted
bodi
es
and
befo
re th
e C
ity C
ounc
il on
mat
ters
agr
eed
upon
by
the
Task
For
ce.
• P
rovi
de
inpu
t on
tre
e pl
antin
g fo
r S
choo
l D
istri
ct p
rope
rty.
Adv
isor
y R
ecom
men
datio
ns•
Hea
r re
ports
an
d pr
ovid
e ad
viso
ry
reco
mm
enda
tions
.•
Hea
r re
ports
fro
m
City
D
epar
tmen
ts
conc
erni
ng tr
ee a
spec
ts o
f ong
oing
pro
ject
s.
• P
rovi
de
inpu
t on
im
plem
enta
tion
of
LUC
E
incl
udin
g in
put
zoni
ng
ordi
nanc
e an
d de
velo
pmen
t re
quire
men
ts r
elat
ed t
o pu
blic
an
d/or
priv
ate
trees
.
RO
LE O
F TH
E P
UB
LIC
WO
RK
S D
EPA
RTM
EN
TTh
e P
ublic
W
orks
D
epar
tmen
t’s
stra
tegi
c an
d sy
stem
atic
ste
war
dshi
p of
the
urba
n fo
rest
see
ks to
m
axim
ize
the
sust
aina
ble
envi
ronm
enta
l ben
efi ts
it
deliv
ers
to t
he c
omm
unity
whi
le m
inim
izin
g th
e as
soci
ated
ris
k. T
he D
epar
tmen
t w
orks
in
clos
e pa
rtner
ship
with
the
Urb
an F
ores
t Tas
k Fo
rce
in it
s en
deav
ors
to fu
lfi ll
the
visi
on o
f the
Urb
an F
ores
t M
aste
r Pla
n.
The
valu
e of
the
se b
enefi
ts j
ustifi
es
the
need
fo
r ef
fect
ive
urba
n fo
rest
m
anag
emen
t go
als
supp
orte
d by
sou
nd a
rbor
icul
tura
l stra
tegi
es. T
he
base
line
data
pro
vide
d w
ill h
elp
futu
re m
anag
ers
of
the
urba
n fo
rest
m
ake
info
rmed
de
cisi
ons,
an
d pr
omot
e a
bette
r un
ders
tand
ing
of
the
envi
ronm
enta
l and
aes
thet
ic b
enefi
ts p
rovi
ded
by
publ
ic tr
ees,
whi
ch w
ill le
ad to
incr
ease
d co
mm
unity
in
vest
men
t in
the
stew
ards
hip
of it
s tre
es.
The
appe
ndic
es o
f th
is M
aste
r P
lan
esta
blis
h gu
idel
ines
for
the
car
e of
the
urb
an f
ores
t, la
y ou
t sp
ecifi
c st
reet
tre
e de
sign
atio
ns a
nd i
nclu
de
a gl
ossa
ry w
ith r
efer
ence
s th
at w
ill b
e up
date
d ro
utin
ely
to
inco
rpor
ate
new
m
aint
enan
ce
prac
tices
.
RO
LE O
F TH
E U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
TAS
K F
OR
CE
Task
For
ce m
eetin
gs w
ill b
e he
ld a
ppro
xim
atel
y ev
ery
two
mon
ths.
To
help
ens
ure
a fo
cuse
d an
d ef
fect
ive
advi
sory
bod
y du
ring
its te
nure
, the
Tas
k Fo
rce
wou
ld a
dvis
e st
aff
in t
he f
ollo
win
g ar
eas
rela
ted
to th
e ur
ban
fore
st:
Adm
inis
trativ
e•
Form
st
andi
ng
com
mitt
ees
and
ad
hoc
com
mitt
ees
as n
eede
d an
d as
sta
ff re
sour
ces
perm
it.•
The
Spe
cies
S
elec
tion
Sub
com
mitt
ee
shal
l be
an
on
goin
g st
andi
ng
com
mitt
ee
conc
erne
d w
ith tr
ee s
peci
es s
elec
tions
in th
e ci
ty’s
par
kway
s, m
edia
ns,
park
s an
d pu
blic
im
prov
emen
t pr
ojec
ts,
repo
rting
to
the
Task
Fo
rce
as a
who
le b
ody.
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 7
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 7
8 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
8 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
CHA
PTER
1 -
BACK
GRO
UN
D O
F TH
E U
RBA
N F
ORE
ST
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 9
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 9
1542
-182
1Sp
anish
colon
izers
intro
duce
d exo
tic pl
ants
and a
nimals
, cha
nging
the
ecolo
gy of
the a
rea.
1874
-187
5Co
lonel
Bake
r and
Sen
ator J
ones
lai
d out
the C
ity of
San
ta Mo
nica,
estab
lishin
g an i
nfras
tructu
re fo
r the
futur
e urb
an fo
rest.
1887
Ab
bot K
inney
estab
lishe
d the
na
tion’s
fi rst
fores
try st
ation
in
Rusti
c Can
yon f
or ex
perim
entat
ion
with
euca
lyptus
prop
agati
on.
1890
Th
e San
ta Mo
nica F
ores
try
Stati
on di
stribu
ted 76
,000
euca
lyptus
seed
lings
to
enco
urag
e use
in nu
rserie
s.
Prior
to th
e 16th
centu
ryTh
e Ton
gva P
eople
, later
calle
d the
Gab
rielin
os,
lived
in vi
llage
s in w
hat is
curre
ntly k
nown
as
“The
Wes
tside
.” Th
ese h
unter
gathe
rers
coex
isted
with
the n
ative
plan
ts.
The
cultu
ral
life
in t
he a
rea
whi
ch i
s no
w S
anta
M
onic
a sh
ifted
ra
dica
lly
durin
g th
e 12
5 ye
ars
befo
re th
e C
ity w
as in
corp
orat
ed in
188
6. T
his
shift
ha
d a
maj
or e
ffect
on
the
land
that
now
sup
ports
S
anta
Mon
ica’
s ur
ban
fore
st.
Ove
r m
any
gene
ratio
ns,
the
Tong
va
Peo
ple
inha
bite
d th
is te
rrai
n of
gra
ssla
nd a
nd c
oast
al s
age
scru
b on
the
bluf
fs.
Syc
amor
es, c
otto
nwoo
d, a
nd
will
ow m
ay h
ave
grow
n on
the
bank
s of
stre
ams,
w
ith g
rass
land
and
oak
woo
dlan
d fu
rther
inla
nd.3
Dur
ing
the
16th
cen
tury
, th
e S
pani
sh e
xplo
red
and
clai
med
the
reg
ion.
The
col
oniz
atio
n of
Alta
C
alifo
rnia
by
the
Spa
nish
beg
an in
176
9. F
ollo
win
g M
exic
o’s
inde
pend
ence
from
Spa
in in
182
1, lo
cal
land
gra
nts
wer
e m
ade
and
the
land
was
use
d m
ostly
for g
razi
ng c
attle
and
she
ep.
By
1875
Col
onel
R. S
. Bak
er a
nd N
evad
a S
enat
or
John
P. J
ones
ow
ned
the
land
that
is n
ow S
anta
M
onic
a an
d la
id o
ut th
e C
ity, n
umbe
ring
the
north
/so
uth
stre
ets
from
the
Pac
ifi c
Oce
an t
o 26
th
Stre
et,
and
nam
ing
the
east
/wes
t st
reet
s, f
rom
C
olor
ado
Aven
ue o
n th
e so
uth
to M
onta
na A
venu
e on
the
north
, afte
r st
ates
of t
he U
nion
. The
y so
ld
resi
dent
ial l
ots,
and
by
the
time
San
ta M
onic
a w
as
inco
rpor
ated
into
an
8.3
squa
re m
ile c
ity in
188
6,
trees
wer
e pl
ante
d an
d th
e la
nd th
at w
as o
nce
a bl
uff w
ith fe
w tr
ees
gave
birt
h to
wha
t is
now
San
ta
Mon
ica’
s em
ergi
ng u
rban
fore
st.4
& 5
Fr
om 1
893-
1900
oth
er a
reas
of
the
City
wer
e de
velo
ped.
Sm
alle
r lo
ts w
ere
allo
cate
d w
ith t
he
idea
of
mak
ing
affo
rdab
le n
eigh
borh
oods
nea
r th
e be
ach.
With
the
smal
ler
lots
, les
s sp
ace
was
al
loca
ted
for
stre
et tr
ees.
Th
e ch
oice
s th
at e
arly
de
velo
pers
mad
e re
gard
ing
grow
spac
e fo
r tre
es
cont
inue
to a
ffect
toda
y’s
urba
n fo
rest
.
TH
E S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
TIM
EL
INE
The e
state
of S
enat
or Jo
hn P.
Jone
s bec
ame t
he cu
rrent
Fa
irmon
t M
iram
ar H
otel.
Its
fi g t
ree
still
exist
s, ov
er
100
year
s lat
er, a
nd is
one
of t
he C
ity’s
four
cur
rent
de
signa
ted
Land
mar
k Tre
es.
Ocea
n Ave
nue
circa
190
0.
HIS
TORY
OF
SAN
TA M
ON
ICA’
S U
RBA
N F
ORE
ST
10
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N1
0 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
1892
Sena
tor Jo
nes a
nd A
rcadia
Ban
dini d
e Ba
ker d
onate
d 16 a
cres o
f oce
anfro
nt lan
d, no
w kn
own a
s Pali
sade
s Par
k, to
the C
ity fo
r use
as pu
blic s
pace
fore
ver.
Abbo
t Kinn
ey, a
prom
inent
land
deve
loper
in th
e are
a,
was
an e
xper
t on
euca
lyptu
s tre
es a
nd a
frien
d of
Jo
hn M
uir.
Sant
a M
onica
aer
ial p
hoto
circ
a 19
19. C
anop
y tre
es
can
be se
en in
the
uppe
r edg
e of
this
phot
o.
1923
Nurse
ryman
Hug
h Eva
ns
estab
lishe
d his
gard
en in
San
ta Mo
nica a
t 501
24th
Stre
et an
d be
gan i
mpor
ting p
lants.
1944
Geor
ge H
astin
gs
publi
shed
Tree
s of S
anta
M
onica
, ack
nowl
edgin
g the
City
’s sig
nifi ca
nt tre
es.
1953
The C
ity of
San
ta Mo
nica b
egan
a Ma
ster S
treet
Tree
Plan
ting P
rogr
am an
d ad
opted
a Tr
ee C
ode t
o be a
dded
to th
e Sa
nta M
onica
Mun
icipa
l Cod
e.
1890
- 19
00
The c
ity w
as pl
otted
an
d a gr
id of
tree-
lined
stre
ets w
as
create
d.
1900
Co
mmun
ity gr
oups
an
d res
idents
pa
rticipa
ted in
tree
pla
nting
activ
ities.
Dur
ing
the
1880
s,
expe
rimen
tatio
n w
ith
trees
or
igin
atin
g in
clim
ates
sim
ilar
to S
anta
Mon
ica
was
act
ivel
y pu
rsue
d. A
bbot
Kin
ney,
kno
wn
for h
is
deve
lopm
ent o
f the
Ven
ice
cana
ls, h
ad a
pro
foun
d im
pact
on
San
ta M
onic
a’s
urba
n fo
rest
. H
e se
rved
as
the
Cha
irman
of
the
Sta
te F
ores
try B
oard
(1
886-
1888
) and
as
road
mas
ter o
f San
ta M
onic
a.
Abb
ot
Kin
ney
esta
blis
hed
the
natio
n’s
fi rst
fo
rest
ry s
tatio
n in
Rus
tic C
anyo
n in
188
7 w
here
he
con
duct
ed s
tudi
es o
n cl
ose
to 1
00 s
peci
es o
f eu
caly
ptus
, a
very
pop
ular
spe
cies
at
the
time.
H
e kn
ew t
he w
ork
of E
llwoo
d C
oope
r (o
f S
anta
B
arba
ra)
who
lec
ture
d in
187
5 th
at t
he p
lant
ing
of e
ucal
yptu
s fo
rest
s co
uld
miti
gate
win
d an
d in
crea
se r
ain,
and
tha
t eu
caly
ptus
was
“ne
eded
fo
r th
e pl
anet
’s w
ell-b
eing
”. 6 S
ever
al e
ucal
yptu
s sp
ecie
s id
entifi
ed
in
Abb
ot
Kin
ney’
s bo
ok,
Euc
alyp
tus
(189
5),
exis
t in
San
ta M
onic
a to
day,
in
clud
ing
E. fi
cifo
lia, E
. citr
iodo
ra, E
. glo
bulo
us a
nd
E. l
euco
xylo
n.7
Loca
l nur
serie
s w
ere
esta
blis
hed
to ta
ke a
dvan
tage
of
the
tem
pera
te c
limat
e.
In 1
899,
a fi
fteen
acr
e si
te in
sou
th S
anta
Mon
ica
was
dev
elop
ed a
s a
grow
ing
grou
nd fo
r fl o
wer
s an
d be
cam
e on
e of
the
City
’s b
est k
now
n in
dust
ries.
8 In 1
923,
nur
sery
man
H
ugh
Eva
ns e
stab
lishe
d a
gard
en in
San
ta M
onic
a an
d be
gan
impo
rting
pla
nts
from
the
Sou
th P
acifi
c,
Aus
tralia
and
Sou
th A
frica
.
One
of
the
City
’s b
elov
ed p
arks
, P
alis
ades
Par
k,
was
don
ated
to th
e C
ity a
s a
park
fore
ver i
n 18
92
by S
enat
or J
ones
and
Arc
adia
Ban
dini
de
Bak
er.
In
1908
, S
anta
M
onic
a’s
Par
k C
omm
issi
oner
st
ipul
ated
that
his
sal
ary
be s
pent
on
trees
in th
e pa
rk.
Pal
ms
are
show
n in
a 1
908
phot
o of
the
park
, an
d in
197
6 in
the
boo
k Tr
ees
of S
anta
Mon
ica,
au
thor
Gra
ce H
eint
z re
cogn
ized
that
fi ve
spe
cies
of
pal
ms
and
six
spec
ies
of e
ucal
yptu
s do
min
ated
th
e pa
rk.
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 1
1S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
11
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
In 2
011,
San
ta M
onica
cele
brat
ed it
s 30
th
cons
ecut
ive y
ear o
f bein
g re
cogn
ized
as a
Tr
ee C
ity U
SA b
y the
Arb
or D
ay F
ound
ation
.
The
Wes
tern
Cha
pter
of
the
Inte
rnat
ional
Socie
ty of
Ar
boric
ultur
e held
it fi r
st W
este
rn S
hade
Tree
Con
fere
nce
in Sa
nta
Mon
ica in
193
4.
Stre
et t
ree
plan
ting
has
been
par
t of
the
City
of
San
ta M
onic
a si
nce
the
deve
lopm
ent
of i
ts fi
rst
subd
ivis
ions
. I
n th
e ea
rly 1
900s
, JW
Sco
tt, a
pr
omin
ent b
uild
er, d
onat
ed fu
nds
for t
he p
lant
ing
of
trees
on
Oce
an A
venu
e. O
ther
tree
pla
ntin
g ef
forts
in
clud
ed t
he u
se o
f eu
caly
ptus
as
win
dbre
aks
to
prot
ect c
rops
.
In 1
956,
the
City
of
San
ta M
onic
a M
aste
r P
lan
incl
uded
a fi
ve-
year
tre
e pl
antin
g pr
ogra
m t
hat
resu
lted
in th
e pl
antin
g of
thou
sand
s of
stre
et tr
ees.
Th
at p
rogr
am c
ontin
ued
with
a 1
962
inve
ntor
y of
exi
stin
g st
reet
tre
es a
nd r
ecom
men
datio
ns t
o de
velo
p st
reet
scap
es o
n st
reet
s w
ithou
t tre
es.
Sin
ce 1
981,
San
ta M
onic
a’s
com
preh
ensi
ve u
rban
fo
rest
ry p
rogr
am h
as b
een
reco
gniz
ed e
ach
year
by
Tre
e C
ity U
SA
, bas
ed o
n st
anda
rds
set b
y th
e A
rbor
Day
Fou
ndat
ion
for
citie
s th
at h
ave
a tre
e bo
ard
or d
epar
tmen
t, a
tree
care
ord
inan
ce,
an
annu
al u
rban
fore
st b
udge
t of a
t lea
st $
2 pe
r cap
ita
and
an a
nnua
l Arb
or D
ay e
vent
.
Man
y of
the
stre
et tr
ees
that
exi
st to
day
wer
e pl
ante
d du
ring
the
post
war
urb
an r
edev
elop
men
t of S
anta
M
onic
a. I
n 19
53, t
he C
ity o
f San
ta M
onic
a be
gan
a M
aste
r Stre
et T
ree
Plan
ting
Prog
ram
and
late
r the
sa
me
year
a T
ree
Cod
e w
as a
dopt
ed “
to r
egul
ate
the
plan
ting,
mai
nten
ance
, an
d re
mov
al o
f st
reet
tre
es in
San
ta M
onic
a.”
The
Tre
e C
ode
esta
blis
hed
27 d
istri
cts
in th
e C
ity a
nd a
list o
f app
rove
d tre
es fo
r pl
antin
g al
ong
stre
ets
thro
ugho
ut S
anta
Mon
ica.
9
The m
ajorit
y of S
anta
Mon
ica’s
curre
nt st
reet
tree
s wer
e pla
nted
in th
e 19
50s.
1961
A be
autifi
catio
n com
mitte
e init
iated
by
the C
hamb
er of
Com
merce
addr
esse
d the
need
for s
treet
trees
in th
e Cen
tral
Busin
ess D
istric
t.
1987
The C
ity’s
fi rst e
lectro
nic
tree i
nven
tory r
evea
led
a tota
l of 2
8,767
tree
s in
Santa
Mon
ica.
2000
The M
illenn
ium Tr
ee
Plan
ting P
rojec
t add
ed
2,000
tree
s to t
he
urba
n for
est.
1982
Santa
Mon
ica re
ceive
d its
fi rst r
ecog
nition
as a
Tree
Ci
ty US
A by
the A
rbor
Day
Fo
unda
tion.
1999
The C
ity C
ounc
il ad
opted
the C
ommu
nity
Fore
st Ma
nage
ment
Plan
2000
.
1962
Santa
Mon
ica
cond
ucted
its fi r
st inv
entor
y of it
s tre
es.
12
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N1
2 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
San V
icente
Bou
levar
d in t
he 19
50s.
San V
icente
Bou
levar
d cur
rent
day.
2001
A Be
nefi t-
Cost
Analy
sis by
the
US F
ores
t Ser
vice j
ustifi
ed
the bu
dgete
d allo
wanc
e spe
nt on
the u
rban
fore
st.
In
1987
, S
anta
M
onic
a be
gan
keep
ing
an
elec
troni
c tre
e in
vent
ory
to
prov
ide
data
on
S
anta
Mon
ica’
s tre
es a
nd s
treet
seg
men
ts t
hat
need
rep
lace
men
t tre
es.
The
inv
ento
ry h
elps
to
pr
iorit
ize
mai
nten
ance
re
quire
men
ts
and
to
esta
blis
h a
mul
ti-ye
ar
tree
trim
min
g sc
hedu
le,
both
w
hich
he
lp
set
long
-term
bu
dget
ne
eds.
Th
e el
ectro
nic
inve
ntor
y is
an
educ
atio
nal
tool
, pr
ovid
ing
info
rmat
ion
rega
rdin
g tre
e sp
ecie
s in
any
pa
rticu
lar
loca
tion.
Thi
s in
vent
ory
serv
ed a
s th
e fo
unda
tion
for t
he d
evel
opm
ent o
f the
Com
mun
ity
Fore
st M
anag
emen
t Pla
n 20
00 w
hich
is in
use
as
of t
he w
ritin
g of
thi
s M
aste
r P
lan.
In
Fisc
al Y
ear
1999
-200
0, t
he C
ity C
ounc
il co
mm
emor
ated
the
ne
w m
illen
nium
by
prov
idin
g fu
nds
to p
lant
2,0
00
publ
ic tr
ees
thro
ugho
ut th
e C
ity.
In 2
001,
the
U.S
. For
est S
ervi
ce’s
Cen
ter f
or U
rban
Fo
rest
Res
earc
h an
alyz
ed S
anta
Mon
ica’
s ur
ban
fore
st a
nd p
rodu
ced
a “B
enefi
t-C
ost
Ana
lysi
s of
S
anta
M
onic
a’s
Mun
icip
al
Fore
st.”
The
repo
rt co
nclu
ded
that
for e
very
$1
San
ta M
onic
a sp
ends
on
the
car
e of
its
for
est,
the
resi
dent
s re
ceiv
e $1
.62
in e
nviro
nmen
tal b
enefi
ts.
The
repo
rt al
so
poin
ted
out t
hat “
San
ta M
onic
a’s
urba
n fo
rest
is a
n ag
ing
fore
st th
at is
in a
per
iod
of tr
ansi
tion.
” T
he
anal
ysis
rev
eale
d th
e ne
ed f
or a
lon
g te
rm p
lan
that
inc
lude
s di
vers
ifyin
g th
e nu
mbe
r of
spe
cies
an
d ag
es o
f tre
es in
the
fore
st.
A H
ISTO
RY O
F LO
OK
ING
TO
WA
RD
TH
E FU
TU
RE
In t
he 1
950s
, th
e C
ity o
f S
anta
Mon
ica
bega
n its
city
wid
e pl
antin
g pr
ogra
m w
ith
a fo
cus
on b
enefi
ting
fut
ure
gene
ratio
ns.
Bel
ow,
the
dram
atic
effe
cts
of t
he C
ity’s
ef
forts
fro
m m
ore
than
50
year
s ag
o ar
e ap
pare
nt.
The
asse
ssm
ent
of S
anta
Mon
ica’
s ur
ban
fore
st
in th
is M
aste
r Pla
n is
bas
ed o
n th
e 20
10 in
vent
ory
of t
he C
ity’s
pub
lic t
rees
. I
t pr
ovid
es b
ase-
line
info
rmat
ion
nece
ssar
y to
defi
ne
a pl
an to
ach
ieve
th
e di
vers
ity a
nd s
tabi
lity
that
was
cal
led
for i
n th
e 20
01 U
.S. F
ores
t Ser
vice
ana
lysi
s an
d it
iden
tifi e
s be
st p
ract
ices
for
tre
e ca
re t
hat
will
sus
tain
a
heal
thy
urba
n fo
rest
.
Toda
y’s
fore
st is
the
out
com
e of
the
hor
ticul
tura
l ch
oice
s by
all
thos
e w
ho h
ave
plan
ted
trees
in th
e C
ity,
mai
ntai
ned
them
, an
d st
udie
d th
eir
grow
th
and
succ
ess
in th
e pa
st.
That
kno
wle
dge
is n
ow
augm
ente
d w
ith th
e in
sigh
ts a
nd p
ract
ices
of t
hose
m
ore
rece
ntly
cha
rged
with
the
resp
onsi
bilit
y an
d ca
re o
f th
e fo
rest
, in
clud
ing
staf
f pr
ofes
sion
als
alon
g w
ith in
put f
rom
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs.
This
M
aste
r P
lan
is
deve
lope
d fro
m
an
unde
rsta
ndin
g of
the
his
toric
al c
onte
xt o
f S
anta
M
onic
a’s
urba
n fo
rest
, ex
istin
g fo
rest
con
ditio
ns,
and
curr
ent
best
man
agem
ent
prac
tices
tha
t w
ill
serv
e as
gui
delin
es fo
r tre
e ca
re.
The
proc
ess
to
deve
lop
this
Mas
ter
Pla
n w
ill s
erve
as
a m
odel
to
be re
fi ned
and
impr
oved
on
by fu
ture
gen
erat
ions
of
man
ager
s of
San
ta M
onic
a’s
urba
n fo
rest
.
TO
BE
CO
NT
INU
ED
....
2009
The C
ity C
ounc
il ap
point
ed th
e Urb
an
Fore
st Ma
ster P
lan
Task
For
ce.
2010
An up
dated
publi
c tre
e inv
entor
y rev
ealed
a tot
al of
33,80
0 tre
es in
Sa
nta M
onica
.
2010
The C
ity be
gan a
stud
y with
the U
S Fo
rest
Servi
ce to
plan
t 1,00
0 tre
es an
d mo
nitor
their
carb
on se
ques
tratio
n for
the
next
100 y
ears.
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 1
3S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
13
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
Fig.
1 -
Cont
inuou
s im
prov
emen
t cyc
le.
The
Urb
an F
ores
t Mas
ter P
lan
is s
uppo
rted
by a
nd
rein
forc
es C
ity p
olic
ies
outli
ned
in t
he e
lem
ents
of
San
ta M
onic
a’s
Gen
eral
Pla
n an
d in
oth
er
plan
ning
doc
umen
ts t
hat
esta
blis
h br
oad
polic
ies
for t
he p
hysi
cal c
hara
cter
of S
anta
Mon
ica.
The
re
are
sepa
rate
ele
men
ts o
f San
ta M
onic
a’s
Gen
eral
P
lan,
man
y of
whi
ch e
stab
lish
polic
ies,
sup
porti
ng
the
need
for a
stro
ng u
rban
fore
st p
rogr
am.
The
City
’s L
and
Use
and
Circ
ulat
ion
Ele
men
t (L
UC
E)
prov
ides
po
licy
dire
ctio
n fo
r ph
ysic
al
deve
lopm
ent
thro
ugho
ut
the
com
mun
ity.
The
LUC
E
addr
esse
s th
e ne
ed
to
prot
ect
and
syst
emat
ical
ly
expa
nd
the
fore
st
thro
ugh
tree
plan
ting
prog
ram
s on
city
stre
ets,
in
park
s an
d ot
her
publ
ic s
pace
s. T
he L
UC
E h
ighl
ight
s th
e co
mm
unity
’s g
oals
for
pro
tect
ing
neig
hbor
hood
ch
arac
ter
and
it re
cogn
izes
the
im
porta
nce
of
the
stre
etsc
ape
by e
ncou
ragi
ng n
eigh
borh
oods
to
fun
ctio
n as
gat
herin
g pl
aces
tha
t fe
atur
e a
land
scap
ed e
nviro
nmen
t with
tree
-line
d si
dew
alks
. It
reco
mm
ends
new
tree
s fo
r pro
pose
d re
side
ntia
l di
stric
ts th
roug
h th
e C
ity‘s
urb
an fo
rest
pro
gram
.
The
Ope
n S
pace
E
lem
ent
and
Par
ks
and
Rec
reat
ion
Mas
ter
Pla
n al
so c
onta
in p
olic
ies
that
su
ppor
t the
long
term
hea
lth a
nd e
xpan
sion
of t
he
urba
n fo
rest
.
The
urba
n de
sign
phi
loso
phy
of th
e C
ity’s
spe
cifi c
pl
ans
and
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
pr
ojec
ts r
efl e
ct
the
man
y po
licie
s th
at im
pact
the
urba
n fo
rest
. The
C
ivic
Cen
ter S
peci
fi c P
lan
iden
tifi e
s pu
blic
spa
ces,
in
clud
ing
tree-
lined
stre
ets
with
land
scap
ed p
arks
an
d pl
azas
, as
key
fea
ture
s in
cre
atin
g a
vibr
ant
and
pede
stria
n-or
ient
ed u
rban
vill
age.
The
var
ious
pr
ojec
ts t
o be
bui
lt in
and
adj
acen
t to
the
Civ
ic
Cen
ter
incl
ude
a si
x-ac
re p
ark
with
gro
ves
of
trees
inc
ludi
ng s
peci
men
tre
es a
ppro
pria
te f
or
this
coa
stal
clim
ate,
and
the
Col
orad
o E
spla
nade
w
hich
incl
udes
a tr
ee li
ned
stre
etsc
ape
conn
ectin
g th
e ne
w E
XP
O l
ight
rai
l te
rmin
us t
o th
e S
anta
M
onic
a P
ier a
nd d
ownt
own.
Add
ition
ally,
th
roug
h its
go
als,
ob
ject
ives
an
d po
licie
s,
the
His
toric
P
rese
rvat
ion
Ele
men
t re
cogn
izes
th
at
stre
etsc
apes
ca
n es
tabl
ish
a co
ntex
t f
or h
isto
ric b
uild
ings
and
dis
trict
s, a
nd
enco
urag
es c
onsi
dera
tion
of h
isto
ry in
clud
ing
the
prot
ectio
n of
his
toric
vie
ws
and
land
scap
es i
n de
sign
ing
publ
ic im
prov
emen
t pro
ject
s.
As
elem
ents
of t
he G
ener
al P
lan
are
upda
ted
and
spec
ifi c
plan
s an
d ot
her p
ublic
land
scap
e pr
ojec
ts
are
impl
emen
ted,
the
y sh
ould
be
guid
ed b
y th
e pr
inci
ples
of t
his
Mas
ter P
lan.
Per
iodi
c up
date
s of
th
is M
aste
r P
lan
will
ens
ure
the
prog
ress
ion
of a
co
ntin
uous
impr
ovem
ent c
ycle
.
REL
ATED
CIT
Y D
OC
UM
ENT
S20
10 -
Land
Use
and
Circ
ulat
ion
Ele
men
t
2010
- H
isto
ric R
esou
rces
Inve
ntor
y
2006
- D
ownt
own
Urb
an D
esig
n P
lan
2006
- S
usta
inab
le C
ity P
lan
2005
- W
ater
shed
Man
agem
ent P
lan
2005
- C
ivic
Cen
ter S
peci
fi c P
lan
2002
- H
isto
ric P
rese
rvat
ion
Ele
men
t
1997
- P
arks
and
Rec
reat
ion
Mas
ter P
lan
1997
- O
pen
Spa
ce E
lem
ent
RELA
TIO
NSH
IP T
O O
THER
CIT
Y D
OCU
MEN
TS
14
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N1
4 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
Sant
a M
onica
Bay
Sant
a M
onica
Bay
Wat
ersh
ed
Ballo
na C
reek
W
ater
shed
S.M
.
Fig 2
- San
ta M
onica
Bay
Wat
ersh
ed is
form
ed by
a na
tura
l divi
de, in
this
case
the S
anta
Mon
ica M
ount
ains a
nd su
rroun
ding t
opog
raph
y, th
at se
para
tes o
ne d
raina
ge a
rea
from
ano
ther.
A p
ortio
n of
the
Ballo
na C
reek
Wat
ersh
ed is
with
in th
e Ci
ty of
San
ta M
onica
.
WA
TE
RS
HE
D A
ND
WA
TE
R Q
UA
LIT
Y
Whe
n lo
okin
g at
San
ta M
onic
a’s
urba
n fo
rest
, it
is im
porta
nt t
o lo
ok b
eyon
d th
e C
ity li
mits
and
re
cogn
ize
the
role
that
tree
s pl
ay w
ithin
a re
gion
al
cont
ext.
The
City
is
lo
cate
d w
ithin
th
e S
anta
M
onic
a B
ay W
ater
shed
. Urb
an s
torm
wat
er r
unof
f is
a m
ajor
sou
rce
of p
ollu
tion
ente
ring
loca
l riv
ers
and
the
San
ta M
onic
a B
ay.
San
ta M
onic
a’s
urba
n fo
rest
hel
ps t
o re
duce
the
am
ount
of
runo
ff an
d po
lluta
nt lo
adin
g in
to r
ecei
ving
wat
ers.
The
tree
s in
terc
ept
and
stor
e ra
infa
ll on
the
ir le
aves
and
br
anch
sur
face
s, th
ereb
y re
duci
ng ru
noff
volu
mes
an
d de
layi
ng th
e on
set o
f su
rface
run
off.
Urb
an
fore
st c
anop
y co
ver
also
red
uces
soi
l er
osio
n as
it d
imin
ishe
s th
e im
pact
of
rain
fall
on b
are
or
land
scap
ed s
urfa
ces.
BASE
LIN
E EN
VIRO
NM
ENTA
L CO
ND
ITIO
NS
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 1
5S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
15
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
Fig
3 - T
he to
pogr
aphy
of S
anta
Mon
ica is
mos
tly fl a
t, wi
th a
slop
e th
at a
ngles
dow
n to
ward
s Oce
an A
venu
e an
d to
ward
s the
sout
h. H
igh b
luffs
sepa
rate
the
north
side
of t
he ci
ty fro
m th
e be
ache
s. Nu
mbe
rs sh
ow th
e ele
vatio
ns
abov
e se
a lev
el at
the
adjac
ent c
onto
ur lin
e.11
100
120
140
160
18020
0
160
300
320
340
360
80
60
4020
10080
60
140
280
260
160
180
20022
0240
80
40
120
Bren
twoo
d
Venic
e
Pacifi
c Oc
ean
80
Santa Monica Freeway
N
TO
PO
GR
AP
HY
AN
D S
OIL
S
The
topo
grap
hy o
f S
anta
Mon
ica
is g
ener
ally
fl a
t w
ith t
he e
leva
tion
of t
he C
ity r
isin
g as
it
appr
oach
es i
ts e
aste
rn b
ound
ary.
The
maj
ority
of
San
ta M
onic
a’s
elev
atio
n is
hig
her
than
100
fe
et a
bove
sea
leve
l and
is s
epar
ated
from
San
ta
Mon
ica
Sta
te B
each
by
the
Pal
isad
es b
luffs
. Th
e so
uthw
est c
orne
r of
the
City
slo
pes
gent
ly to
sea
le
vel a
nd a
llow
s un
impe
ded
acce
ss to
the
beac
h.
The
slop
e is
mor
e pr
onou
nced
on
the
north
east
si
de o
f th
e C
ity w
here
hom
es s
it hi
gh e
noug
h to
ha
ve v
iew
s of
the
ocea
n.
The
Cal
iforn
ia D
epar
tmen
t of F
ood
and
Agr
icul
ture
ha
s id
entifi
ed
thre
e m
ajor
soi
l ty
pes
in S
anta
M
onic
a, a
s ill
ustra
ted
in F
igur
e 3:
Dia
blo
Alta
mon
t Soi
ls
Com
pose
d of
cl
ays
that
ov
erlie
so
ft,
fract
ured
sha
les.
Th
ese
soils
are
wel
l dr
aine
d an
d ha
ve a
mod
erat
e er
osio
n po
tent
ial a
nd a
hig
h ex
pans
ion
pote
ntia
l.
Han
ford
Soi
ls
Tend
to b
e sa
ndy
loam
s an
d lo
amy
sand
s on
allu
vial
fan
s an
d pl
ains
. T
hese
soi
ls
are
wel
l dra
ined
and
hav
e lo
w p
oten
tial f
or
expa
nsio
n an
d er
osio
n.
Ram
ona
Pla
cent
ia S
oils
W
ell
drai
ned
with
lo
w
pote
ntia
l fo
r ex
pans
ion
and
eros
ion.
Th
ese
soils
are
lo
cate
d on
terr
aces
and
allu
vial
fans
and
va
ry fr
om fi
ne s
andy
loam
to a
fi ne
san
dy
clay
loam
. 10
In c
oast
al a
reas
of
low
slo
pe,
stre
et t
rees
nee
d to
be
able
to w
ithst
and
the
sea
win
ds a
nd o
cean
in
fl uen
ce th
at c
ontin
uous
ly b
atte
r the
m, e
spec
ially
w
hen
they
are
pla
nted
on
stre
ets
perp
endi
cula
r to
the
ocea
n.
City
tre
es
are
plan
ted
in
nativ
e so
il w
ith
no
addi
tiona
l am
endm
ents
, so
car
eful
con
side
ratio
n of
the
com
patib
ility
of t
he tr
ee ty
pe w
ith th
e ex
istin
g so
il re
sults
in h
ealth
ier l
ong
term
tree
gro
wth
.
1
1
2
3
1 2 3
16
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N1
6 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
Fig.
4 -
Micr
o-cli
mat
es w
ithin
the
City
are
defi n
ed b
y the
land
’s to
pogr
aphy
, elev
ation
and
pro
ximity
to th
e oc
ean.
Fi
ve se
para
te m
icro-
clim
ates
hav
e be
en id
entifi
ed, a
llowi
ng fo
r clim
ate
appr
opria
te sp
ecies
des
ignat
ions.
This
is es
pecia
lly u
sefu
l in d
esign
ating
spec
ies in
“tric
ky a
reas
” suc
h as
the
Firs
t Oce
an E
xpos
ure.
I. Fi
rst O
cean
Exp
osur
e
V. M
ost H
eat IV
. War
mer
III. T
rans
ition
II. C
oasta
l Infl u
ence
Bren
twoo
d
Venic
e
Pacifi
c Oc
ean
Santa Monica Freeway
N
CL
IMA
TE
AN
D M
ICR
O-C
LIM
AT
ES
San
ta
Mon
ica
enjo
ys
a cl
assi
c M
edite
rran
ean
clim
ate
with
coo
l oc
ean
bree
zes
and
over
300
da
ys o
f sun
shin
e a
year
. B
ecau
se o
f its
loca
tion
on
the
San
ta M
onic
a B
ay, m
orni
ng fo
g is
a c
omm
on
phen
omen
on in
May
, Jun
e an
d ea
rly J
uly.
The
sun
us
ually
bur
ns th
e fo
g of
f in
the
afte
rnoo
n, h
owev
er
it so
met
imes
rem
ains
clo
udy
and
cool
all
day,
eve
n as
sun
ny s
kies
and
war
mer
tem
pera
ture
s ar
e fo
und
furth
er in
land
. A
t tim
es, t
he s
un s
hine
s ea
st
of 2
0th
Stre
et, w
hile
the
beac
h ex
perie
nces
coa
stal
fo
g.
As
a ge
nera
l rul
e, th
e be
ach
tem
pera
ture
is
fi ve
to t
en d
egre
es c
oole
r th
an i
t is
inl
and.
The
hi
ghes
t tem
pera
ture
s ar
e us
ually
in la
te s
umm
er,
alth
ough
uns
easo
nabl
y w
arm
wea
ther
can
occ
ur
perio
dica
lly t
hrou
gh t
he w
inte
r w
hen
San
ta A
na
win
d co
nditi
ons
brin
g th
e ho
t dry
inla
nd a
ir to
the
coas
t.
Win
ter r
ains
brin
g ov
er e
leve
n in
ches
(11”
) of r
ain
annu
ally
with
an
aver
age
of tw
o in
ches
(2”)
of r
ain
durin
g th
e m
onth
s of
Nov
embe
r th
roug
h M
arch
an
d le
ss th
an o
ne-q
uarte
r inc
h (1
/4”)
of r
ainf
all t
he
rest
of t
he y
ear.
Win
ter
stor
ms
usua
lly a
ppro
ach
from
the
nor
thw
est
and
pass
qui
ckly
thr
ough
the
so
uthl
and.
Yea
rly ra
infa
ll ca
n be
unp
redi
ctab
le a
s ra
iny
year
s an
d dr
ough
t yea
rs a
re in
term
itten
t.
Mos
t tre
es l
iste
d in
the
Sun
set
Wes
tern
Gar
den
Boo
k as
bei
ng s
uita
ble
for c
oast
al c
ondi
tions
gro
w
wel
l in
the
maj
ority
of t
he C
ity. H
owev
er, a
s se
en
in F
igur
e 4,
the
sout
hwes
tern
mos
t nei
ghbo
rhoo
ds
rece
ive
fi rst
oce
an e
xpos
ure
and
requ
ire tr
ees
that
ca
n w
ithst
and
stro
ng w
inds
and
sal
t spr
ay.
In t
he n
orth
ernm
ost
and
east
ernm
ost
edge
s of
S
anta
M
onic
a th
e m
icro
-clim
ate
trans
ition
s to
a
war
mer
zon
e an
d th
e C
ity c
an in
trodu
ce t
rees
th
at r
equi
re m
ore
sum
mer
hea
t an
d w
inte
r ch
ill,
incl
udin
g tre
es w
hich
exh
ibit
show
y fo
liage
.
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 1
7S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
17
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
Lincoln Blvd.
PCH
Centinela Blvd.
20th Street
Coas
tal S
trand
Dune
Scr
ub/ C
oasta
l Scr
ub
Oak W
oodla
nds
Fig.
5 -
This
exag
gera
ted
topo
grap
hical
cros
s-se
ction
of t
he C
ity sh
ows v
ariou
s ec
ologic
al co
mm
unitie
s tha
t wer
e re
pres
ente
d in
the
Sant
a M
onica
are
a in
the
past.
Ec
ologic
al co
mm
unitie
s fl ou
rish
natu
rally
in sp
ecifi c
loca
tions
. Whe
n a
plant
belo
nging
to
that
eco
logica
l com
mun
ity is
selec
ted
for i
ts na
tive
locat
ion, it
will
be m
ore
likely
to
surv
ive in
the
expo
sure
, clim
ate
and
soils
of t
hat p
lace.
EC
OL
OG
Y, P
LA
NT
AN
D W
ILD
LIF
E
CO
MM
UN
ITIE
S
The
City
of S
anta
Mon
ica
is u
niqu
e in
that
it is
a
coas
tal p
lain
nes
tled
betw
een
the
San
ta M
onic
a M
ount
ains
to
the
north
, th
e B
allo
na W
etla
nds
to t
he s
outh
and
the
Pac
ifi c
Oce
an t
o th
e w
est.
Bec
ause
of t
he C
ity’s
pro
xim
ity to
the
ocea
n an
d th
e m
ount
ains
, tem
pera
te c
limat
e an
d w
ell-d
rain
ed
soils
, a
wid
e va
riety
of
plan
t co
mm
uniti
es w
ould
na
tura
lly t
hriv
e w
ithin
the
City
lim
its.
Fig
ure
5 sh
ows
a to
pogr
aphi
cal
cros
s-se
ctio
n of
the
City
an
d th
e re
late
d ec
olog
ical
co
mm
uniti
es
that
m
ay h
ave
grow
n he
re i
n th
e pa
st.
Mar
ine
life,
m
amm
als,
bird
s an
d in
sect
s co
exis
ted
with
thes
e pl
ant
com
mun
ities
cre
atin
g a
com
plex
net
wor
k of
rel
atio
nshi
ps t
hat
depe
nded
on
each
oth
er f
or
surv
ival
.
Toda
y, th
e C
ity o
f San
ta M
onic
a is
fully
dev
elop
ed
and
lack
s th
e un
dist
urbe
d na
tive
habi
tat t
o su
ppor
t a
dive
rse
nativ
e te
rres
trial
ani
mal
pop
ulat
ion.
Due
to
thei
r mob
ility
and
rang
e of
trav
el, b
irds
are
mor
e ab
unda
nt th
an o
ther
wild
life
in th
e C
ity12
. Res
iden
t bi
rds
that
are
com
mon
to
the
area
inc
lude
the
no
rther
n m
ocki
ngbi
rd
(Mim
us
poly
glot
tos)
, A
nna’
s hu
mm
ingb
ird (
Cal
ypte
ann
a),
hous
e fi n
ch
(Car
poda
cus
mex
ican
us),
and
the
snow
y pl
over
(C
hara
driu
s al
exan
drin
us).13
The
City
of S
anta
Mon
ica
is lo
cate
d on
the
Pac
ifi c
Flyw
ay a
nd is
als
o ho
st to
mig
rato
ry b
irds.
B
irds
that
mig
rate
to a
nd fr
om S
anta
Mon
ica
incl
ude
the
whi
te-c
row
ned
spar
row
(Zo
notri
chia
leu
coph
rys)
, ye
llow
-rum
ped
war
bler
(D
endr
oica
cor
onat
a), a
nd
the
ruby
cro
wne
d ki
ngle
t (R
egul
us c
alen
dula
) in
w
inte
r, an
d sw
allo
ws
such
as
the
barn
sw
allo
w
(Hiru
ndo
rust
ica)
an
d no
rther
n ro
ugh-
win
ged
swal
low
(S
telg
idop
tery
x se
rrip
enni
s),
and
the
hood
ed o
riole
(Ic
teru
s cu
culla
tus)
in
sprin
g an
d su
mm
er.14
Mon
arch
butte
rfl y (
Dan
aus p
lexi
ppus
) win
ter r
oost
ing
site
s ha
ve b
een
repo
rted
with
in o
pen
spac
e an
d la
ndsc
aped
are
as o
f the
City
, as
the
envi
ronm
enta
l co
nditi
ons
and
the
mic
ro-c
limat
e in
gro
ves
of tr
ees
suit
the
need
s of
the
butte
rfl ie
s. E
ucal
yptu
s tre
es
prov
ide
a ne
ctar
sou
rce
and
are
mos
t fre
quen
tly
used
as
win
terin
g si
tes
by m
onar
chs.
15
The
cont
inue
d ob
serv
atio
n of
bird
s an
d in
sect
s,
incl
udin
g th
e re
latio
nshi
p of
nat
ive
plan
t m
ater
ial
to b
enefi
cia
l ins
ects
and
oth
er w
ildlif
e, w
ill e
nsur
e th
at th
e re
sour
ces
that
sup
ply
the
urba
n fo
rest
are
us
ed w
isel
y. O
bser
vatio
n of
new
tree
intro
duct
ions
an
d th
eir
cont
ribut
ions
to
the
ecol
ogy
of t
he C
ity
shou
ld a
lso
be c
ontin
ued.
Und
erst
andi
ng
the
bala
nce
of
hum
an,
plan
t an
d w
ildlif
e as
soci
atio
ns
is
key
to
a he
alth
y en
viro
nmen
t. T
he 1
50 m
iles
of s
treet
s of
the
City
co
nstit
ute
its la
rges
t ope
n sp
ace
mak
ing
up tw
enty
-th
ree
perc
ent (
23%
) of t
he C
ity’s
are
a.16
Tho
ught
ful
sele
ctio
n of
tre
es
plan
ted
in
envi
ronm
enta
lly
frien
dly
infra
stru
ctur
e ca
n co
ntrib
ute
to th
e he
alth
of
the
ocea
n by
redu
cing
urb
an s
torm
wat
er ru
noff
and
whi
le im
prov
ing
habi
tat f
or m
any
spec
ies
that
ca
n ex
ist i
n th
e bu
ilt e
nviro
nmen
t.
18
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N1
8 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
Bren
twoo
d
Venic
e
Pacifi
c Oc
ean
Santa Monica Freeway
N
Pacifi
c Pa
lisad
esWilshire Blvd.
Montana Avenue
Colorado Ave.
Linco
ln Bl
vd.
Ocean Park Blvd.
14th
St.
23rd
St.
Fig.
6 -
A fre
eway
“mitig
ation
corri
dor”
can
addr
ess t
he u
nique
impa
cts cr
eate
d by
urb
an fr
eewa
ys, in
cludin
g dir
t and
nois
e.
TH
E S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A F
RE
EW
AY
The
San
ta M
onic
a Fr
eew
ay c
uts
thro
ugh
the
cent
er o
f th
e C
ity,
crea
ting
both
a l
itera
l an
d fi g
urat
ive
divi
de
betw
een
the
north
ern
and
sout
hern
nei
ghbo
rhoo
ds. A
cces
s to
and
from
the
neig
hbor
hood
s di
rect
ly a
djac
ent t
o th
e fre
eway
is
diffi
cult
and
the
pres
ence
of t
he fr
eew
ay re
sults
in
ele
vate
d le
vels
of n
oise
and
air
pollu
tion.
The
freew
ay
and
its
emba
nkm
ents
ar
e th
e pr
oper
ty o
f Cal
trans
, and
ther
efor
e tre
e pl
antin
g do
es n
ot f
all
unde
r th
e pu
rvie
w o
f th
e C
ity.
How
ever
, a
“miti
gatio
n co
rrid
or”
supp
ortin
g th
e pl
antin
g of
lar
ger
stat
ure
trees
, fa
ster
gro
win
g tre
es,
and
usin
g ne
w t
echn
olog
ies
to i
nsta
ll th
ese
trees
in g
row
spac
es t
hat
wou
ld n
orm
ally
be
too
sm
all
for
them
will
red
uce
the
impa
cts
of
dirt
and
nois
e.
The
City
’s
Ope
n S
pace
E
lem
ent
enco
urag
es
the
esta
blis
hmen
t of
a
freew
ay f
ores
t. A
rece
nt e
xam
ple
of t
he a
bilit
y to
acc
ompl
ish
this
is th
e re
cent
relo
catio
n of
six
la
rge
Ficu
s tre
es to
the
City
-ow
ned
emba
nkm
ent
just
nor
th o
f City
Hal
l.
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 1
9S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
19
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
The W
ashin
gton
ia ro
busta
is cu
rrent
ly th
e mos
t com
mon
tree
in th
e City
. Plan
ting w
ithin
the c
oasta
l zo
ne is
restr
icted
by t
he C
alifo
rnia
Coas
tal C
omm
ission
bec
ause
of it
s ten
denc
y to
rese
ed.
The
initi
al p
hase
of
this
Mas
ter
Pla
n w
as t
he
prep
arat
ion
of
an
inve
ntor
y of
ap
prox
imat
ely
33,8
00 p
ublic
tree
s in
201
0.
Usi
ng a
Geo
grap
hic
Info
rmat
ion
Sys
tem
(G
IS),
the
loca
tions
of
trees
, si
ze o
f gro
wsp
ace,
can
opy
spre
ad, o
vera
ll he
alth
, pr
oxim
ity to
obj
ects
, roo
t pru
ning
his
tory
and
oth
er
char
acte
ristic
s w
ere
reco
rded
.
TO
P 1
5 S
PE
CIE
S
Dat
a fro
m t
he 2
010
tree
inve
ntor
y in
dica
tes
that
S
anta
Mon
ica’
s ur
ban
fore
st is
com
pris
ed o
f ove
r 25
0 di
ffere
nt s
peci
es o
f tre
es, w
ith th
e m
ajor
ity o
f th
e fo
rest
con
sist
ing
of t
he 1
5 sp
ecie
s id
entifi
ed
num
eric
ally
in F
igur
e 7
and
grap
hica
lly in
Fig
ure
8.
In F
igur
e 8,
the
indi
vidu
al c
olor
ed d
ots
repr
esen
t su
rvey
ed tr
ees
and
the
corr
elat
ing
colo
rs re
pres
ent
the
tree
spec
ies
show
n in
the
lege
nd.
Was
hing
toni
a ro
bust
a (M
exic
an F
an P
alm
) is
the
mos
t co
mm
on s
peci
es i
n S
anta
Mon
ica’
s ur
ban
fore
st.
This
sp
ecie
s lin
es
maj
or
com
mer
cial
th
orou
ghfa
res
like
Wils
hire
Bou
leva
rd a
nd is
als
o pl
ante
d th
roug
hout
bea
ch n
eigh
borh
oods
whe
re it
th
rives
und
er h
arsh
coa
stal
con
ditio
ns. T
he p
alm
sp
ecie
s is l
ong
lived
and
can
reac
h he
ight
s in
exce
ss
of 1
00 f
eet
but
prov
ides
ver
y fe
w e
nviro
nmen
tal
bene
fi ts.
Als
o, it
res
eeds
rea
dily,
so
plan
ting
this
pa
lm w
ithin
the
Coa
stal
Zon
e is
cur
rent
ly b
anne
d by
the
Cal
iforn
ia C
oast
al C
omm
issi
on.
Ano
ther
hea
vily
use
d sp
ecie
s is
Fic
us m
icro
carp
a ‘N
itida
’ (In
dian
Lau
rel F
ig).
This
eve
rgre
en s
peci
es
prov
ides
sig
nifi c
ant
envi
ronm
enta
l be
nefi t
s an
d pr
oduc
es y
ear-
roun
d sh
ade
for
man
y re
side
ntia
l st
reet
s an
d th
e th
ree
mai
n bu
sine
ss
dist
ricts
. H
owev
er,
the
trees
dro
p le
aves
and
ber
ries
and
have
inva
sive
root
s th
at te
nd to
lift
side
wal
ks w
hen
plan
ted
in to
o sm
all o
f a g
row
spac
e. T
he c
halle
nge
for
the
City
is
to m
axim
ize
the
envi
ronm
enta
l be
nefi t
s th
at t
he F
icus
tre
es b
ring
to t
he u
rban
en
viro
nmen
t by
pla
ntin
g th
em s
trate
gica
lly a
nd
to m
inim
ize
thei
r nu
isan
ce p
oten
tial b
y em
ploy
ing
new
te
chno
logi
es
durin
g th
e pl
antin
g pr
oces
s w
hich
may
hel
p to
con
trol r
oot g
row
th in
the
futu
re.
Fig
7 - T
op 1
5 sp
ecies
- (2
010)
pop
ulatio
n
Washing
tonia r
obusta
Ficus m
icrocar
pa
Magnolia
grandi
fl ora
Phoenix
canar
iensis
Podocar
pus macr
ophyllu
s
Cinnam
omum
campho
ra
Pinus c
anarien
sis
Jacara
nda mimosi
folia
Cupanio
psis a
nacard
ioides
Liquid
ambar
styrac
ifl ua
Cedrus
deodar
a
Merosid
eros e
xcelsio
r
Calliste
mon citr
inus
Melaleu
ca qui
nquine
rvia
Afrocarp
us gra
cilior
DES
CRIP
TIO
N O
F SA
NTA
MO
NIC
A’S
URB
AN
FO
REST
20
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N2
0 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
N
Fig
8 - T
op 1
5 sp
ecies
map
. This
201
0 m
ap a
nd a
ll oth
er m
aps i
n th
is se
ction
can
be
viewe
d at
full s
ize a
t the
Urb
an F
ores
t web
site
(http
://ww
w.sa
ntam
onica
trees
.com
).
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 2
1S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
21
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
5’1’
2’3’
4’6’
7’8’
9’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
’16
’17
’18
’19
’20
’24
’25
’27
’32
’36
’37
’Op
ensp
ace
Grow
spac
e size
s
Number of city trees
Fig
9 - G
rows
pace
exa
mple
s.
Fig
10 -
Grow
spac
e inv
ento
ry. T
he g
raph
abo
ve sh
ows t
he n
umbe
r of s
treet
tree
s plan
ted
in va
rious
gro
wspa
ce si
zes a
nd th
e nu
mbe
r of “
open
spac
e” tr
ees.
Thes
e tre
es a
re lo
cate
d at
par
ks, b
each
, and
cem
eter
ies.
GR
OW
SP
AC
E
Gro
wsp
ace
is d
efi n
ed a
s th
e gr
ound
leve
l spa
ce
that
a tr
ee is
allo
tted
to g
row
. As
show
n in
Fig
ure
9,
grow
spac
es ra
nge
from
sm
all t
ree
wel
ls o
r nar
row
pa
rkw
ays
to w
ide-
open
spa
ces.
A k
ey e
lem
ent i
n th
e su
cces
s of
a tr
ee in
an
urba
n en
viro
nmen
t is
its a
bilit
y to
exp
and
its ro
ot m
ass
to a
n ap
prop
riate
si
ze a
nd d
imen
sion
. R
oot
confl
icts
with
urb
an
infra
stru
ctur
e ar
e m
ostly
du
e to
tre
es
bein
g pl
aced
in a
gro
wsp
ace
that
doe
s no
t ad
equa
tely
ac
com
mod
ate
that
spe
cies
as
it m
atur
es.
Dur
ing
the
2010
tree
inve
ntor
y pr
oces
s, g
row
spac
e w
as m
easu
red
for
each
pub
lic t
ree.
Fig
ure
10
show
s th
e ra
nge
of c
urre
nt g
row
spac
e an
d Fi
gure
11
sh
ows
the
dist
ribut
ion
of
grow
spac
e si
zes
thro
ugho
ut t
he C
ity.
The
north
ern
parts
of
the
City
wer
e or
igin
ally
lai
d ou
t w
ith l
arge
r lo
ts a
nd
larg
er p
arkw
ays,
whi
ch h
as a
llow
ed l
arge
r tre
e sp
ecim
ens
to g
row
ther
e.
As
seen
in
Figu
re 1
0, a
lar
ge n
umbe
r of
the
C
ity’s
tre
es a
re p
lant
ed in
3’ a
nd 4
’ gro
wsp
aces
. Th
is p
rese
nts
a pa
rticu
lar
chal
leng
e fo
r ac
hiev
ing
dive
rse
tree
sele
ctio
n an
d ro
bust
can
opy
cove
rage
be
caus
e th
ere
are
a lim
ited
num
ber o
f tre
e sp
ecie
s ap
prop
riate
for
a sm
all g
row
spac
e, w
hich
tend
to
be s
mal
ler s
tatu
red
trees
.
New
em
ergi
ng
tech
nolo
gy
in
tree
grow
th
man
agem
ent
will
allo
w l
arge
r tre
es t
o gr
ow i
n co
nfi n
ed lo
catio
ns w
ithou
t dis
rupt
ing
and
disp
laci
ng
side
wal
ks o
r st
reet
s. T
hese
spe
cial
ized
pro
duct
s w
ill s
uppo
rt pe
dest
rian
and
traffi
c lo
ads
and
prov
ide
unco
mpa
cted
, en
gine
ered
so
il fo
r la
rge
trees
. Th
e us
e of
new
tec
hnol
ogie
s, p
lant
ing
met
hods
an
d id
entif
ying
are
as a
vaila
ble
for
infra
stru
ctur
e m
odifi
catio
n (e
.g.,
wid
enin
g pa
rkw
ays,
ad
ding
cu
rb e
xten
sion
s an
d m
edia
ns w
hen
stre
ets
are
rede
sign
ed)
will
brin
g m
uch
need
ed t
ree
cano
py
to p
arts
of t
he C
ity h
isto
rical
ly la
ckin
g la
rge
trees
.
GRO
WSP
AC
E EX
AM
PLES
22
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N2
2 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
N
Fig
11 -
Grow
spac
e siz
es m
ap. T
his 2
010
map
and
all o
ther
map
s in
this
secti
on ca
n be
vie
wed
at fu
ll size
at t
he U
rban
For
est w
ebsit
e (h
ttp://
www.
sant
amon
icatre
es.co
m).
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 2
3S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
23
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
Disp
laced
side
walk
and
drive
way s
urfa
ces.
Whe
n tre
es a
re
plant
ed in
gro
wspa
ces t
hat a
re to
o sm
all, t
heir
root
mas
s wi
ll eve
ntua
lly o
utgr
ow th
e sp
ace
which
resu
lts in
har
dsca
pe
dam
age.
Fig
12 -
Freq
uenc
y of I
nfra
struc
ture
Dam
age
Com
pare
d to
Spe
cies P
opula
tion.
Total
Pop
ulatio
n
Instan
ces o
f Har
dsca
pe D
amag
e
Ficus m
icrocar
pa ‘Nitid
a’ Magnolia
grandi
fl ora Pinu
s cana
riensis
Cinnam
omum
campho
raPodo
carpus
gracilio
r
Podocar
pus macr
ophyllu
sLiq
uidam
bar sty
racifl u
a
Cupanio
sis an
acardio
ides
Brachyc
hiton p
opulne
usJac
aranda
mimosifoli
a
RIG
HT
TR
EE
FO
R T
HE
RIG
HT
PL
AC
E
“The
rig
ht tr
ee fo
r th
e rig
ht p
lace
” is
a te
rm u
sed
in u
rban
fore
stry
for p
lant
ing
a sp
ecie
s of
tree
that
is
app
ropr
iate
for i
ts lo
catio
n. T
he m
ost i
mpo
rtant
fa
ctor
to c
onsi
der w
hen
plan
ting
a tre
e is
to m
ake
sure
it h
as e
noug
h ro
om to
gro
w. E
ach
tree
spec
ies
requ
ires
a ce
rtain
am
ount
of
spac
e to
gro
w a
nd
thriv
e w
ithou
t cau
sing
dam
age
to it
s su
rrou
ndin
gs.
Whi
le m
ost
of S
anta
Mon
ica’
s tre
es a
re p
lant
ed
in a
sui
tabl
e lo
catio
n, m
any
trees
are
gro
win
g in
sp
aces
tha
t ca
nnot
acc
omm
odat
e th
eir
grow
ing
requ
irem
ents
. T
his
usua
lly r
esul
ts i
n da
mag
e to
stre
ets,
sid
ewal
ks o
r ut
ilitie
s th
at u
ltim
atel
y in
crea
se m
aint
enan
ce c
osts
.
Infra
stru
ctur
e da
mag
e w
as a
sses
sed
as p
art o
f the
20
10 t
ree
inve
ntor
y. F
igur
e 12
abo
ve s
how
s th
e sp
ecie
s th
at h
ave
caus
ed th
e m
ost i
nfra
stru
ctur
e da
mag
e, a
long
with
thei
r pop
ulat
ion
in th
e C
ity fo
r co
mpa
rison
.
The
indi
vidu
al c
olor
ed d
ots
show
n in
Fig
ure
13
repr
esen
t eac
h tre
e su
rvey
ed.
The
corr
elat
ing
red
or g
reen
col
or o
n th
e m
ap r
epre
sent
whe
ther
or
not a
par
ticul
ar tr
ee is
in a
sui
tabl
e si
te o
r if t
here
is
or w
ill b
e, a
pot
entia
l nee
d fo
r fut
ure
hard
scap
e re
pair.
24
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N2
4 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
Fig 1
3 - R
ight tr
ee fo
r the
right
plac
e map
. This
2010
map
and a
ll oth
er m
aps i
n this
secti
on
can
be vi
ewed
at f
ull si
ze a
t the
Urb
an F
ores
t web
site
(http
://ww
w.sa
ntam
onica
trees
.com
).
N
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 2
5S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
25
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
Ceda
rs o
n Br
entw
ood T
erra
ce. M
atur
e tre
es sh
ade
hom
es a
nd ca
rs,
redu
cing
the
need
for a
ir-co
nditio
ning.
The
y also
redu
ce th
e he
at
islan
d eff
ect f
rom
roof
s and
asp
halt a
nd sh
ade
park
ed ca
rs.
CA
NO
PY
CO
VE
RA
GE
Tree
ca
nopy
pr
ovid
es
shad
e an
d ox
ygen
, w
hich
coo
ls t
he C
ity’s
stre
ets
as w
ell
as h
omes
an
d bu
ildin
gs.
Thes
e co
ntrib
utio
ns a
lso
crea
te
impr
oved
con
ditio
ns f
or p
edes
trian
s. A
ful
l an
d he
alth
y ur
ban
fore
st c
anop
y ca
n be
an
effe
ctiv
e an
d ef
fi cie
nt m
eans
of r
educ
ing
pollu
tion,
the
heat
is
land
effe
ct a
nd th
e ne
ed fo
r air-
cond
ition
ing.
The
bene
fi ts
have
alw
ays
been
tan
gibl
e bu
t w
ith
new
ana
lysi
s so
ftwar
e th
ey a
re n
ow q
uant
ifi ab
le.
Dur
ing
prep
arat
ion
of
the
City
’s
2010
tre
e in
vent
ory,
the
can
opy
spre
ad o
f ea
ch p
ublic
tre
e w
as m
easu
red.
Fig
ure
14 o
n th
e ne
xt p
age
show
s in
divi
dual
co
lore
d do
ts
repr
esen
ting
each
tre
e su
rvey
ed.
The
corr
elat
ing
colo
rs r
epre
sent
the
ra
nge
of c
anop
y co
vera
ge s
how
n in
the
key.
26
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N2
6 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
Fig
14 -
Cano
py c
over
age
map
. This
201
0 m
ap a
nd a
ll oth
er m
aps
in th
is se
ction
can
be
view
ed a
t full
size
at t
he U
rban
For
est w
ebsit
e (h
ttp://
www.
sant
amon
icatre
es.co
m).
N
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 2
7S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
27
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
Figu
re 15
- Ov
erall
Ann
ual B
enefi
ts by
Indiv
idual
Spec
ies. T
he ta
ble ab
ove m
easu
res t
he ov
erall
annu
al be
nefi ts
from
tree
s in
rega
rds t
o sto
rmwa
ter r
eten
tion,
pro
perty
value
incr
ease
, ene
rgy s
aving
s, air
qua
lity im
prov
emen
t and
carb
on se
ques
tratio
n.
The P
inus c
anar
iensis
(Can
ary I
sland
Pine
) sho
wn in
the p
hoto
abov
e ran
ks as
one
of t
he h
ighes
t ove
rall p
erfo
rming
tree
s in
Sant
a M
onica
’s ur
ban
fore
st. L
arge
cano
py tr
ees l
ike th
ese
alter
their
env
ironm
ent b
y red
ucing
refl e
cted
heat
from
asp
halt
which
in tu
rn co
ols th
e str
eet.
This
cooli
ng e
ffect
redu
ces w
ater
cons
umpt
ion fo
r irri
gatin
g fro
nt ya
rd la
ndsc
apes
.
San
ta M
onic
a’s
2010
tre
e in
vent
ory
esta
blis
hes
base
line
data
for
a co
mpl
ete
anal
ysis
of i
ts s
treet
tre
e po
pula
tion
by u
sing
new
sof
twar
e de
velo
ped
by
the
U.S
. Fo
rest
S
ervi
ce
calle
d iT
ree.
The
an
alys
is p
rovi
des
a do
llar
valu
e in
dica
tion
of t
he
envi
ronm
enta
l ben
efi ts
pro
vide
d by
eac
h tre
e. A
n an
alys
is o
f the
City
’s p
ublic
ly o
wne
d tre
es a
nd th
e pr
opos
ed s
peci
es t
hat
will
eve
ntua
lly b
e in
the
to
p 15
sho
ws
how
the
indi
vidu
al s
peci
es p
rovi
de
cum
ulat
ive
bene
fi ts
to th
e co
mm
unity
.
Whi
le iT
ree
anal
ysis
pro
vide
s in
form
atio
n on
the
en
viro
nmen
tal
perfo
rman
ce o
f th
e en
tire
fore
st,
anal
yzin
g in
divi
dual
sp
ecie
s pr
ovid
es
deta
iled
info
rmat
ion
on
the
perfo
rman
ce
of
indi
vidu
al
spec
ies.
Fig
ures
15
and
16 sh
ow th
e en
viro
nmen
tal
bene
fi ts
of t
he e
xist
ing
top
15 s
peci
es a
nd t
he
envi
ronm
enta
l be
nefi t
s of
the
pro
pose
d to
p 15
sp
ecie
s.
ENVI
RON
MEN
TAL
BEN
EFIT
S O
F TH
E U
RBA
N F
ORE
ST
28
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N2
8 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
Fig
16 -
Poun
ds o
f Atm
osph
eric
Carb
on R
emov
ed A
nnua
lly b
y Ind
ividu
al Sp
ecies
. Tre
es in
San
ta M
onica
redu
ce a
tmos
pher
ic CO
2 by
dire
ctly s
eque
sterin
g CO
2 in
their
woo
dy a
nd fo
liar b
iomas
s. T
he e
nerg
y nee
ds o
f hom
es a
nd co
mm
ercia
l buil
dings
for
heat
ing a
nd a
ir co
nditio
ning
are
redu
ced,
whic
h in
turn
redu
ces e
miss
ions a
ssoc
iated
with
gen
erat
ing e
lectri
city.
Of th
e to
p 15
sp
ecies
, the
bes
t per
form
ing tr
ees a
re th
e lar
ge co
nifer
s and
bro
adlea
f eve
rgre
en tr
ees.
Car
bon
sequ
estra
tion
is th
e pr
oces
s w
here
car
bon
diox
ide
(CO
2) is
abs
orbe
d ou
t of t
he a
tmos
pher
e by
tre
es t
hrou
gh p
hoto
synt
hesi
s.
The
carb
on is
st
ored
in tr
ee tr
unks
, bra
nche
s, fo
liage
and
roo
ts.
Urb
an fo
rest
s ca
n ac
t as
a ca
rbon
sin
k w
hen
ther
e ar
e en
ough
tre
es t
o st
ore
mor
e ca
rbon
tha
n is
re
leas
ed o
ver t
ime.
The
Pin
us c
anar
iens
is (C
anar
y Is
land
Pin
e) s
een
in th
e ph
oto
belo
w a
bsor
bs a
s m
uch
carb
on a
s th
e C
edru
s de
odar
a, h
owev
er it
ra
nks
high
er i
n th
e tre
e po
pula
tion
mak
ing
it an
im
porta
nt c
ontri
buto
r to
the
envi
ronm
ent.
Larg
e ev
ergr
een
trees
like
the
Pinu
s ca
narie
nsis
(sho
wn a
t lef
t) an
d th
e Ce
drus
deo
dara
seq
ueste
r mor
e ca
rbon
than
oth
er to
p 15
spec
ies.
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 2
9S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
29
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
Tree
s m
odify
clim
ate
cond
ition
s an
d te
mpe
ratu
res
and
cons
erve
bui
ldin
g en
ergy
use
. Th
e sh
ade
from
tree
can
opie
s co
ols
an a
rea
and
redu
ces
the
amou
nt o
f hea
t abs
orbe
d an
d st
ored
by
build
ings
. E
vapo
trans
pira
tion
conv
erts
liqu
id w
ater
to
wat
er
vapo
r w
hich
coo
ls a
ir th
at w
ould
oth
erw
ise
resu
lt in
hea
ted
air f
rom
the
sun.
Tree
can
opie
s sl
ow c
old
win
ter
win
ds t
here
by
redu
cing
the
am
ount
of
heat
los
s fro
m a
hom
e,
espe
cial
ly
whe
re
cond
uctiv
ity
is
high
su
ch
as
thro
ugh
win
dow
s or
sky
light
s. D
ecid
uous
tre
es
play
an
impo
rtant
role
in th
e w
inte
r whe
n th
ey d
rop
thei
r le
aves
and
allo
w t
he s
un’s
rad
iant
ene
rgy
to w
arm
the
sur
roun
ding
are
a. T
he L
iqui
dam
bar
styr
acifl
ua (
Liqu
idam
bar)
is
the
high
est
rank
ing
deci
duou
s tre
e of
the
top
15
spec
ies
in 2
011
to
redu
ce a
nnua
l ene
rgy
cons
umpt
ion.
The
Liquid
amba
r styr
acifl u
a (L
iquida
mba
r) is
the
highe
st ra
nking
dec
iduou
s tre
e of
the
top
15 sp
ecies
in
2011
to re
duce
ann
ual e
nerg
y con
sum
ption
.
Fig 1
7 - A
nnua
l Sav
ings o
f Kilo
watt H
ours
of E
lectri
city b
y Ind
ividu
al Sp
ecies
. The
char
t abo
ve sh
ows h
ow ex
isting
tree
spec
ies
will e
vent
ually
no
longe
r be
amon
g th
e to
p 15
spec
ies in
the
City’
s urb
an fo
rest.
30
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N3
0 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
A m
atur
e C
inna
mom
um c
amph
ora
(Cam
phor
), lik
e th
e on
e sh
own
in th
e ph
oto
belo
w, c
an re
tain
ove
r 8,
000
gallo
ns o
f rai
nfal
l a y
ear a
nd re
duce
ene
rgy
cons
umpt
ion
by a
s m
uch
as 3
78 k
ilow
att h
ours
, as
show
n in
Fig
ure
17.
A m
atur
e Ci
nnam
omum
cam
phor
a (C
amph
or) s
aves
37
8 kil
owat
t hou
rs p
er ye
ar.
Fig
18 - A
vera
ge G
allon
s of S
torm
wate
r Ret
ained
Ann
ually
by I
ndivi
dual
Spec
ies. U
rban
stor
mwa
ter r
unoff
sig
nifi ca
ntly
impa
cts th
e Sa
nta
Mon
ica B
ay, a
nd th
e ur
ban
fore
st pla
ys a
n im
porta
nt ro
le in
redu
cing
the
amou
nt o
f po
lluta
nts e
nter
ing th
e Ba
y. U
rban
tree
s int
erce
pt a
nd st
ore
rainf
all o
n th
eir le
aves
and
bra
nche
s the
reby
redu
cing
the
volum
e of
stor
mwa
ter a
nd u
rban
wat
er ru
noff.
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 3
1S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
31
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
Narro
w-lea
ved
Ever
gree
n &
Decid
uous
. - A
noth
er co
mbin
ation
offe
ring
seas
onal
varia
tion
as w
ell a
s foli
age
cont
rast
is th
e na
rrow-
leave
d ev
ergr
een
and
decid
uous
com
binat
ion. T
his w
as th
e th
ird m
ost p
opula
r plan
ting
profi
le.
Broa
d-lea
ved
Ever
gree
n &
Decid
uous
. - C
lose
behin
d th
e br
oad-
leave
d ev
ergr
een
mon
ocult
ure,
the
com
binat
ion o
f bro
ad-le
aved
ev
ergr
een
and
decid
uous
tree
s was
seco
nd-m
ost p
opula
r bec
ause
of it
s sea
sona
l var
iation
.
Broa
d-lea
ved
Ever
gree
n M
onoc
ultur
e. -
This
was t
he m
ost p
opula
r cho
ice a
t eac
h co
mm
unity
wor
ksho
p. P
artic
ipant
s like
d th
e fo
rm,
envir
onm
enta
l ben
efi ts,
and
year
roun
d fo
liage
of t
he b
road
-leav
ed e
verg
reen
mon
ocult
ure.
Fig
19 -
Resid
ents
were
ask
ed v
ia a
com
mun
ity-
wide
er w
heth
er th
ey w
ould
pref
er to
see
a
mon
ocult
ure
or m
ultipl
e sp
ecies
plan
ted
on th
eir
stree
t. A
majo
rity
of p
eople
who
resp
onde
d to
the
surv
ey sa
id th
ey w
ould
pref
er a
mon
ocult
ure.
Fig
20 -
At
the
2010
com
mun
ity w
orks
hops
, th
e pa
rticip
ants
were
ask
ed to
indic
ate
their
pre
fere
nce
for
tree
patte
rns f
rom
a g
roup
of o
ver 2
5 po
ssibi
lities
.
Mono
cultu
re
Multip
le sp
ecies
Numb
er of
Res
pond
ents
Com
mun
ity o
utre
ach
for
the
Urb
an F
ores
t Mas
ter
Pla
n w
as d
one
in t
wo
stag
es.
The
fi rst
sta
ge
occu
rred
in 2
010
befo
re a
ny p
ropo
sed
stre
et tr
ee
desi
gnat
ions
wer
e m
ade,
and
con
sist
ed o
f onl
ine
and
mai
led-
in s
urve
ys a
s w
ell a
s re
side
nt in
put a
t co
mm
unity
wor
ksho
ps. T
his
fi rst
sta
ge w
as u
sed
to
unde
rsta
nd th
e ge
nera
l fee
lings
from
the
resi
dent
s to
war
d th
e cu
rren
t urb
an fo
rest
and
to h
elp
them
de
scrib
e th
e qu
aliti
es a
nd c
hara
cter
istic
s th
at th
ey
liked
and
dis
liked
in p
oten
tial n
ew tr
ee s
peci
es.
Sur
vey
resu
lts i
dent
ifi ed
env
ironm
enta
l be
nefi t
s,
aest
hetic
s an
d ne
ighb
orho
od c
hara
cter
as
very
im
porta
nt
qual
ities
of
S
anta
M
onic
a’s
urba
n fo
rest
. Whe
n it
cam
e to
tree
cha
ract
eris
tics
with
in
the
urba
n fo
rest
, la
rge
cano
py,
ever
gree
n an
d fl o
wer
ing
trees
wer
e pr
efer
red
by re
side
nts.
Whe
n as
ked
spec
ifi ca
lly a
bout
the
impo
rtanc
e of
stre
et
trees
, env
ironm
enta
l ben
efi ts
and
aes
thet
ics
wer
e ve
ry im
porta
nt a
s w
ell a
s sh
ade
and
neig
hbor
hood
ch
arac
ter.
COM
MU
NIT
Y VI
EWS
OF
THE
URB
AN
FO
REST
32
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N3
2 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
Fig
21 -
Sur
vey
resp
onde
nts
were
ask
ed w
hat t
heir
favo
rite
stree
t tre
e wa
s.
Fig
22 -
Surv
ey re
spon
dent
s we
re a
sked
spe
cifi ca
lly w
hat t
ype
of
tree t
hey w
ould
like t
o hav
e in f
ront
of th
eir ho
use.
Flow
ering
tree
s (lik
e the
jaca
rand
a and
mag
nolia
), ev
ergr
eens
and d
ecidu
ous t
rees
wi
th fa
ll colo
r got
high
mar
ks. In
cont
rast,
conif
ers,
decid
uous
tree
s wi
thou
t fall
color
, and
palm
s wer
e pr
efer
red
by fe
wer r
eside
nts.
Palm
Jacara
nda
Souther
n Magn
olia
Pine Indian
Laure
l Fig
Maple
Coral Tr
ee
American
Sweetgum
OakEuca
lyptus
Flowerin
g tree
Evergre
en Deciduo
us with
fall co
lorConi
ferous
Deciduo
us
without f
all col
or
Palm
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 3
3S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
33
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
Gene
ral tr
ee de
bris
Berri
es
Root
infra
struc
ture c
onfl ic
t
Not e
noug
h tre
es on
bloc
k
Wou
ld pr
efer d
iffere
nt sp
ecies
Not e
noug
h sha
de
Not m
ature
enou
gh
Over
grow
n
Stick
y fl ow
ers
Poor
ly ma
intain
ed
Pine
cone
s
Too m
uch s
hade
Mism
atche
d plan
tings
Obstr
ucts
view
010
2030
4050
60
Figs
23-2
5 - Q
ualita
tive q
uesti
ons h
elped
to w
eigh p
oten
tial b
enefi
ts an
d dra
wbac
ks of
tree
s wh
en th
e M
aste
r Plan
pro
cess
mov
ed in
to sp
ecifi c
stre
et tr
ee d
esign
ation
s.
Figu
re 23
show
s whic
h pot
entia
l tree
bene
fi ts th
e res
pond
ents
of S
anta
Mon
ica va
lue m
ost.
Surv
ey re
spon
dent
s we
re a
sked
to w
eigh
posit
ive a
nd n
egat
ive tr
ee a
spec
ts. A
ll pot
entia
l tre
es ha
ve go
od an
d bad
quali
ties,
so it
was i
mpo
rtant
for t
he C
ity to
know
if ce
rtain
bene
fi ts
were
mor
e im
porta
nt th
an o
ther
s to
resid
ents
(Figu
re 2
4), a
nd w
heth
er th
ey co
uld liv
e wi
th
som
e dr
awba
cks m
ore
easil
y tha
n ot
hers
(Figu
re 2
5).
Fig
25 -
Surv
ey p
artic
ipant
s wer
e as
ked
what
they
disl
iked
abou
t tre
es o
n th
eir b
lock.
Fig
23 -
Surv
ey p
artic
ipant
s wer
e as
ked
how
impo
rtant
the
follo
wing
tree
ben
efi ts
are
to th
em.
Very
Impo
rtant
Som
ewha
t Im
porta
ntNo
t So
Impo
rtant
Unim
porta
nt
200
150
100 50 0 Aest
hetics
Environ
mental
Benefi ts
Shade
Charact
erizes
Street/N
eighbo
rhood
Enhance
d
Property
Value
sTra
ffi c Calm
ingMeas
ures Enha
nced S
hoppin
g
Experien
ce
Fig
24 -
Surv
ey p
artic
ipant
s wer
e as
ked
what
they
liked
abo
ut tr
ees o
n th
eir b
lock.
Shad
e
Aesth
etics
Matur
ity
Color
Prov
ides h
abita
t
Flowe
rs
Damp
ens s
treet
noise
Spec
ifi c sp
ecies
Small
size
010
2030
34
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N3
4 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
FAV
OR
ITE
TR
EE
LIN
ED
ST
RE
ET
S O
F S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A:
TH
E C
OM
MU
NIT
Y P
AR
TIC
UL
AR
LY L
IKE
D T
HE
SE
ST
RE
ET
S B
EC
AU
SE
OF
TH
E T
RE
ES
Mor
eton
Bay
Figs
on
La M
esa
Drive
.Fi
cus o
n M
onta
na A
venu
e.
Mag
nolia
s on
11th
Stre
et.
Ficu
s on
4th
Stre
et.
Pine
s and
Palm
s on
Ocea
n Ave
nue.
Cora
l tree
s on
San
Vice
nte
Boule
vard
.
CO
MM
ON
CO
MM
UN
ITY
C
ON
CER
NS
Aes
thet
ics
Sus
tain
abili
ty
Wat
er C
onse
rvat
ion
Pro
mot
ing
Org
aniz
ed D
iver
sity
Util
izin
g N
ativ
e S
peci
es
Enh
anci
ng a
Wal
kabl
e C
ity
Enh
anci
ng P
ublic
Tra
nspo
rtatio
n S
tops
Exp
andi
ng G
row
spac
e &
Par
kway
s
Siz
e of
New
ly P
lant
ed T
rees
Pru
ning
/Mai
nten
ance
Frui
t Tre
es/P
ublic
Orc
hard
s
Cre
atin
g an
Urb
an F
ores
t Adv
isor
y B
ody
Pub
lic O
utre
ach
and
Com
mun
icat
ion
Com
mun
ity
inpu
t ra
nged
fro
m
broa
d id
eas
to
spec
ifi c
polic
ies,
whi
ch a
re e
xpre
ssed
in th
e M
aste
r P
lan.
Dur
ing
the
com
mun
ity w
orks
hops
, res
iden
ts
wer
e as
ked
to s
hare
add
ition
al c
once
rns
they
felt
had
not b
een
brou
ght u
p in
the
surv
eys.
The
topi
cs
that
wor
ksho
p pa
rtici
pant
s br
ough
t up
mos
t ofte
n ar
e lis
ted
abov
e as
com
mon
com
mun
ity c
once
rns.
All
data
col
lect
ed fr
om th
e su
rvey
s an
d w
orks
hops
w
as b
roug
ht b
ack
to th
e U
rban
For
est M
aste
r Pla
n Ta
sk
Forc
e’s
Spe
cies
S
elec
tion
Sub
com
mitt
ee
to a
id i
n th
eir
deci
sion
mak
ing
conc
erni
ng t
he
prop
osed
sp
ecie
s se
lect
ion
for
each
st
reet
se
gmen
t in
the
City
.
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 3
5S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
35
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
The
seco
nd st
age
of co
mm
unity
out
reac
h.
The
seco
nd s
tage
of c
omm
unity
out
reac
h oc
curr
ed
in 2
011
afte
r pr
elim
inar
y st
reet
tre
e de
sign
atio
ns
wer
e pr
opos
ed.
To
ensu
re
effe
ctiv
e ou
treac
h,
ever
y S
anta
Mon
ica
hous
ehol
d re
ceiv
ed a
pos
tcar
d di
rect
ing
them
to th
e ur
ban
fore
st w
ebsi
te, w
here
th
e na
me
and
phot
o of
all
prop
osed
stre
et t
ree
desi
gnat
ions
wer
e lis
ted
and
brok
en d
own
into
394
st
reet
seg
men
ts. H
ard
copi
es w
ere
also
ava
ilabl
e up
on r
eque
st a
t th
e pu
blic
lib
rarie
s. R
esid
ents
w
ere
then
invi
ted
to c
omm
ent
via
the
inte
rnet
or
tele
phon
e ab
out
the
indi
vidu
al t
ree
desi
gnat
ions
, an
d to
atte
nd tw
o co
mm
unity
mee
tings
sch
edul
ed
to g
athe
r mor
e fe
edba
ck fr
om th
e co
mm
unity
.
Com
mun
ity
inte
rest
in
th
e de
sign
ated
tre
es
was
ver
y hi
gh.
The
City
sta
ff re
ceiv
ed o
ver
800
com
men
ts,
posi
tive
and
nega
tive,
and
ove
r 10
0 pe
ople
atte
nded
the
tw
o co
mm
unity
mee
tings
to
pers
onal
ly v
oice
thei
r des
ires
and
conc
erns
.
Afte
r the
com
mun
ity fe
edba
ck p
erio
d, th
e S
peci
es
Sel
ectio
n S
ubco
mm
ittee
m
et
agai
n to
m
ake
revi
sion
s to
the
rec
omm
enda
tions
lis
t ba
sed
on
the
com
men
ts th
at th
e C
ity r
ecei
ved.
Com
mun
ity
feed
back
re
sulte
d in
ch
ange
s to
69
st
reet
se
gmen
ts. A
fter t
he U
rban
For
est M
aste
r Pla
n Ta
sk
Forc
e di
scus
sion
on
Oct
ober
5,
2011
, ch
ange
s w
ere
mad
e to
the
pro
pose
d lis
t in
res
pons
e to
pu
blic
inpu
t.
36
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N3
6 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
FO
OT
NO
TE
S
1. H
elm
s, J
ohn
A.,
ed.
The
Dic
tiona
ry o
f For
estry
(B
ethe
sda,
Md.
: Soc
iety
of A
mer
ican
For
este
rs, 1
998)
.2.
Sch
wab
, Jam
es C
., ed
. P
lann
ing
the
Urb
an F
ores
t: E
colo
gy, E
cono
my,
and
Com
mun
ity D
evel
opm
ent
(Chi
cago
, Il:
Am
eric
an P
lann
ing
Ass
ocia
tion,
200
9), p
. 3.
3. M
cCaw
ley,
Will
iam
. Th
e Fi
rst A
ngel
inos
-The
Gab
rielin
o In
dian
s of
Los
Ang
eles
(B
anni
ng, C
A:
Mal
ki M
useu
m P
ress
, 199
6), p
. 268
.4.
PC
R S
ervi
ces
Cor
pora
tion
for t
he C
ity o
f San
ta M
onic
a. C
ity o
f San
ta M
onic
a H
isto
ric P
rese
rvat
ion
Ele
men
t (S
anta
Mon
ica,
CA
, 200
2), p
. 10-
11.
5. B
aste
n, F
red
E.
An
Illus
trate
d G
uide
to th
e Le
gend
ary
Tree
s of
San
ta M
onic
a B
ay (
San
ta M
onic
a, C
A: G
raph
ics
Pre
ss, 1
980)
, int
rodu
ctio
n.
6.
San
tos,
Rob
ert L
. Th
e E
ucal
yptu
s of
Cal
iforn
ia (
Den
air,
CA
: Alle
y-C
ass
Pub
licat
ions
, 199
7), p
. 5.
7. K
inne
y, A
bbot
. E
ucal
yptu
s (L
os A
ngel
es, C
A: B
. R. B
aum
gard
t & C
o., 1
995)
, p. 3
5-36
, 80,
89-
90, 1
09.
8. In
gers
oll,
Luth
er A
. In
gers
oll’s
Cen
tury
His
tory
, San
ta M
onic
a B
ay C
ities
(Lut
her A
. Ing
erso
ll, L
os A
ngel
es, C
A, 1
908)
p. 2
54.
9. P
CR
Ser
vice
s C
orpo
ratio
n fo
r the
City
of S
anta
Mon
ica.
“S
uppl
emen
tal I
nfor
mat
ion
Mem
oran
dum
”, Ja
n 11
, 200
8.
10. C
ity o
f San
ta M
onic
a P
lann
ing
and
Com
mun
ity D
evel
opm
ent D
epar
tmen
t. L
and
Use
and
Circ
ulat
ion
Ele
men
t Env
ironm
enta
l Im
pact
Rep
ort,
Volu
me
I: D
raft
EIR
(San
ta M
onic
a, C
A 20
10),
p. 4
.5-2
.11
. City
of S
anta
Mon
ica
Pla
nnin
g an
d C
omm
unity
Dev
elop
men
t Dep
artm
ent,
Land
Use
and
Circ
ulat
ion
Ele
men
t Env
ironm
enta
l Im
pact
Rep
ort,
Volu
me
I: D
raft
EIR
(San
ta M
onic
a, C
A 20
10),
p. 4
.5-1
.12
. City
of S
anta
Mon
ica
Pla
nnin
g an
d C
omm
unity
Dev
elop
men
t Dep
artm
ent,
Land
Use
and
Circ
ulat
ion
Ele
men
t Env
ironm
enta
l Im
pact
Rep
ort,
Volu
me
I: D
raft
EIR
(San
ta M
onic
a, C
A 20
10),
p. 4
.3-3
.13
. Coo
per,
Dan
iel S
. (P
resi
dent
, Coo
per E
colo
gica
l Mon
itorin
g, In
c., F
orm
erly
with
Aud
ubon
Cal
iforn
ia)
Em
ail c
orre
spon
denc
e O
ctob
er 2
0, 2
011.
14. C
oope
r, D
anie
l S.
(Pre
side
nt, C
oope
r Eco
logi
cal M
onito
ring,
Inc.
, For
mer
ly w
ith A
udub
on C
alifo
rnia
) E
mai
l cor
resp
onde
nce
Oct
ober
20,
201
1.15
. City
of S
anta
Mon
ica
Pla
nnin
g an
d C
omm
unity
Dev
elop
men
t Dep
artm
ent,
Land
Use
and
Circ
ulat
ion
Ele
men
t Env
ironm
enta
l Im
pact
Rep
ort V
olum
e I:
Dra
ft E
IR
(San
ta M
onic
a, C
A 20
10),
p. 4
.3-1
0-11
.16
. Rom
a D
esig
n G
roup
for C
ity o
f San
ta M
onic
a, O
pen
Spa
ce E
lem
ent
(City
of S
anta
Mon
ica
1997
), p.
19.
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 3
7S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
37
Ch
ap
ter
1 -
Ba
ck
gro
un
d o
f th
e U
rba
n F
ore
stC
ha
pte
r 1
- B
ac
kg
rou
nd
of
the
Urb
an
Fo
rest
38
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N3
8 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
CHA
PTER
2 -
GU
IDIN
G P
RIN
CIPL
ES
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 3
9S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
39
DE
VE
LO
PIN
G P
OL
ICY
AN
D S
TA
ND
AR
DS
FR
OM
TH
E G
UID
ING
PR
INC
IPL
ES
The
visi
on fo
r the
urb
an fo
rest
is re
fi ned
in C
hapt
er
2 th
roug
h G
uidi
ng P
rinci
ples
, Goa
ls a
nd S
trate
gies
. S
tand
ards
and
crit
eria
app
ear
in t
he a
ppen
dice
s an
d se
rve
as m
anag
emen
t to
ols
to i
mpl
emen
t sp
ecifi
c go
als
and
stra
tegi
es.
In o
rder
to c
onst
ruct
pol
icy
that
is in
line
with
the
Urb
an F
ores
t M
aste
r P
lan‘
s G
uidi
ng P
rinci
ples
, co
rres
pond
ing
goal
s w
ere
deve
lope
d. T
he w
ritte
n go
als
expr
ess
a de
sire
d re
sult
and
esta
blis
h a
purp
ose
but
are
not
nece
ssar
ily q
uant
ifi ab
le
and
mea
sura
ble.
G
oals
pr
ovid
e op
portu
nitie
s fo
r co
ntin
uous
im
prov
emen
t an
d fl e
xibi
lity
in t
he
futu
re.
Stra
tegi
es i
dent
ifi ed
fro
m e
ach
goal
are
m
ore
spec
ifi c
and
mea
sura
ble
and
can
be u
sed
to
eval
uate
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
goa
ls in
this
Mas
ter
Pla
n at
any
poi
nt i
n tim
e.
As
the
urba
n fo
rest
co
ntin
ues
to e
volv
e, n
ew s
trate
gies
tha
t de
velo
p w
ill b
e in
corp
orat
ed a
s pa
rt of
thi
s liv
ing
Mas
ter
Pla
n.
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
GU
IDIN
G P
RIN
CIPL
ES
40
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N4
0 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
TH
E U
RBA
N F
OR
EST
AN
D
ITS
ENV
IRO
NM
ENT
The
urba
n fo
rest
hei
ghte
ns th
e qu
ality
of
the
City
’s e
nviro
nmen
t.
UN
DER
STA
ND
ING
TH
E U
RBA
N F
OR
EST
Pub
lic a
war
enes
s of
the
bene
fi ts
that
an
urba
n fo
rest
pro
vide
s is
cru
cial
to it
s vi
talit
y.
ECO
NO
MIC
S O
F T
HE
UR
BAN
FO
RES
T
The
urba
n fo
rest
nee
ds e
quita
ble
budg
et
leve
ls c
onsi
sten
t with
its
valu
e to
the
City
.
CO
LLA
BOR
ATIN
G O
N T
HE
MA
NA
GEM
ENT
OF
TH
E U
RBA
N F
OR
EST
Col
labo
ratio
n be
twee
n an
d co
mm
unic
atio
n w
ith th
e co
mm
unity
and
all
City
dep
artm
ents
w
hose
wor
k af
fect
s th
e ur
ban
fore
st is
cr
itica
l.
SUST
AIN
ABL
E M
AN
AG
EMEN
T O
F T
HE
UR
BAN
FO
RES
T
The
urba
n fo
rest
will
thriv
e th
roug
h pe
rsis
tent
atte
ntio
n to
its
man
agem
ent.
ENH
AN
CIN
G A
ND
PR
ESER
VIN
G T
HE
UR
BAN
FO
RES
T
The
futu
re o
f the
fore
st b
egin
s no
w.
With
co
nsci
entio
us fo
resi
ght,
it ca
n ev
olve
into
an
eve
n gr
eate
r tre
asur
e.
TH
E U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
TA
SK
FO
RC
E C
RE
AT
ED
GU
IDIN
G P
RIN
CIP
LE
S F
OR
TH
E 2
01
1 M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N T
O E
ST
AB
LIS
H I
TS
OV
ER
AL
L V
ISIO
N.
GR
OU
PE
D T
OG
ET
HE
R, T
HE
SE
PR
INC
IPL
ES
PR
OV
IDE
TH
E F
RA
ME
WO
RK
FO
R T
HE
GO
AL
S A
ND
ST
RA
TE
GIE
S O
F T
HE
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
.
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 4
1S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
41
GU
IDIN
G P
RIN
CIP
LE
GO
AL
1. THE URBAN FOREST AND ITS ENVIRONMENT
1. T
HE
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T A
ND
IT
S E
NV
IRO
NM
EN
T
The
Urb
an F
ores
t is
a liv
ing
elem
ent o
f the
City
that
con
tribu
tes
to th
e qu
ality
of l
ife a
nd s
urro
undi
ng e
nviro
nmen
t. Th
e C
ity’s
pub
lic tr
ees,
foun
d th
roug
hout
the
vario
us n
eigh
borh
oods
and
par
ks, o
ffset
the
impa
ct o
f th
e bu
ilt e
nviro
nmen
t an
d pr
ovid
e re
side
nts
and
visi
tors
hea
lthy
and
plea
sant
pla
ces
for
recr
eatio
n an
d so
cial
int
erac
tion
whi
le p
rovi
ding
ha
bita
t fo
r ur
ban
wild
life.
A h
ealth
y an
d fu
nctio
ning
urb
an f
ores
t is
a
hallm
ark
of a
wor
ld c
lass
sus
tain
able
city
.
To
en
ha
nce
th
e
un
de
rsta
nd
ing
o
f th
e
eco
syst
em
se
rvic
es
pro
vid
ed
by
th
e C
ity
’s u
rba
n f
ore
st. T
he
se s
erv
ice
s e
nco
mp
ass
sto
rmw
ate
r m
an
ag
em
en
t, m
itig
ati
on
of
the
urb
an
he
at
isla
nd
eff
ec
t,
red
uc
tio
n
of
air
p
oll
uti
on
, e
rosi
on
co
ntr
ol,
st
ora
ge
an
d s
eq
ue
stra
tio
n o
f ca
rbo
n,
an
d t
he
pro
vis
ion
of
hu
ma
n
an
d w
ild
life
ha
bit
at.
To
ass
ess
an
d r
ep
ort
on
th
e p
rog
ress
reg
ard
ing
th
e
sust
ain
ab
ilit
y
an
d
en
vir
on
me
nta
l b
en
efi
ts
ga
ine
d f
rom
th
e u
rba
n f
ore
st.
SUST
AIN
ABL
E FO
RES
T M
AN
AG
EMEN
T“A
dyn
amic
and
evo
lvin
g co
ncep
t, ai
ms
to m
aint
ain
and
enha
nce
the
econ
omic
, soc
ial a
nd e
nviro
nmen
tal v
alue
of
all t
ypes
of
fore
sts,
for
the
ben
efi t
of p
rese
nt a
nd f
utur
e ge
nera
tions
.” - U
nite
d N
atio
ns F
orum
on
Fore
sts
42
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N4
2 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
ST
RA
TE
GIE
S
1.R
EP
OR
TIN
G
ON
T
HE
S
TR
AT
EG
IC
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
O
F
TH
E
UR
BA
N
FO
RE
ST
The
Pub
lic L
ands
cape
Div
isio
n w
ill a
djus
t th
e m
etho
dolo
gy f
or e
stab
lishi
ng
perio
dic
eval
uatio
ns o
f pub
licly
ow
ned
trees
to a
sses
s pr
ogre
ss in
ach
ievi
ng
envi
ronm
enta
l pe
rform
ance
goa
ls.
Bas
ed o
n re
cord
s ke
pt b
y th
e P
ublic
La
ndsc
ape
Div
isio
n, t
he f
ollo
win
g re
ports
will
be
subm
itted
ann
ually
to
the
Urb
an F
ores
t Tas
k Fo
rce
and
with
the
City
’s b
ienn
ial b
udge
t on
the
publ
icly
ow
ned
urba
n fo
rest
: •
Num
ber o
f tre
es in
the
urba
n fo
rest
• N
umbe
r of t
rees
pla
nted
ann
ually
• N
umbe
r of t
rees
pru
ned
annu
ally
• N
umbe
r of t
rees
rem
oved
ann
ually
• N
umbe
r of y
oung
tree
car
e vi
sits
• N
umbe
r of t
ree
emer
genc
ies
• N
umbe
r of t
ree-
rela
ted
Gov
ernm
ent O
utre
ach
requ
ests
2. R
EP
OR
TIN
G O
N P
ER
FO
RM
AN
CE
AN
D S
US
TA
INA
BIL
ITY
OF
TH
E U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
The
Pub
lic L
ands
cape
Div
isio
n w
ill a
djus
t th
e m
etho
dolo
gy f
or e
stab
lishi
ng
addi
tiona
l per
iodi
c ev
alua
tions
to a
sses
s pr
ogre
ss in
ach
ievi
ng a
sus
tain
able
an
d hi
ghly
func
tioni
ng u
rban
fore
st. E
ach
time
the
oppo
rtuni
ty p
rese
nts
itsel
f, th
e C
ity w
ill w
ork
with
the
US
For
est S
ervi
ce to
con
duct
a b
enefi
t-co
st a
naly
sis
of th
e ur
ban
fore
st. A
lso,
the
Urb
an F
ores
t Tas
k Fo
rce
will
con
tinua
lly e
valu
ate
the
effe
ctiv
enes
s of
the
goal
s an
d st
rate
gies
of t
he M
aste
r Pla
n in
clud
ing
the
Stre
et T
ree
Des
igna
tions
Lis
t, th
e ef
fect
iven
ess
of t
he p
ublic
tre
e re
mov
al
appe
als
proc
ess
and
the
effe
ctiv
enes
s of
the
publ
ic r
evie
w p
roce
ss fo
r tre
e re
loca
tions
and
rem
oval
s in
City
pub
lic i
mpr
ovem
ent
proj
ects
. Th
e P
ublic
La
ndsc
ape
Div
isio
n w
ill p
repa
re a
nd m
ake
avai
labl
e to
the
com
mun
ity t
he
follo
win
g re
ports
in a
n ef
fort
to m
easu
re a
nd re
cord
sus
tain
abili
ty m
etric
s an
d en
viro
nmen
tal b
enefi
ts o
f the
urb
an fo
rest
:•
Urb
an T
ree
Can
opy
(UTC
) pe
rcen
tage
acr
oss
diffe
ring
land
-use
s. U
TC
will
be
reas
sess
ed e
very
ten
year
s.•
Eco
syst
em s
ervi
ces
prov
ided
by
the
urba
n fo
rest
incl
udin
g en
ergy
sav
ings
,
redu
ctio
n of
st
orm
wat
er
runo
ff,
air
qual
ity
impr
ovem
ents
, ae
sthe
tic
bene
fi ts
and
carb
on s
eque
stra
tion.
Qua
ntifi
ed e
cosy
stem
ser
vice
s w
ill b
e re
asse
ssed
eve
ry fi
ve y
ears
. •
Youn
g tre
e m
orta
lity
to u
nder
stan
d th
e su
cces
s ra
te o
f ne
w p
lant
ings
. Yo
ung
tree
mor
talit
y ra
tes
will
be
asse
ssed
eve
ry fi
ve y
ears
.•
Stre
et t
ree
stoc
king
leve
l to
dete
rmin
e th
e pr
opor
tion
of e
xist
ing
stre
et
trees
to th
e to
tal n
umbe
r of p
oten
tial s
treet
tree
s. S
treet
tree
sto
ckin
g w
ill
be re
porte
d on
ann
ually
.•
Spe
cies
div
ersi
ty w
ill b
e re
porte
d on
ann
ually
.•
Net
tree
gai
n or
loss
will
be
repo
rted
on a
nnua
lly.
• R
atio
of
deci
duou
s to
eve
rgre
en t
rees
, na
tive
to e
xotic
spe
cies
, an
d m
ediu
m to
low
wat
er d
eman
d tre
es w
ill b
e re
porte
d on
ann
ually
.
3. P
UB
LIC
AD
VIS
OR
Y B
OD
Y
The
Urb
an F
ores
t Tas
k Fo
rce
will
con
tinua
lly e
valu
ate
the
impl
emen
tatio
n an
d ef
fect
iven
ess
of th
e U
rban
For
est M
aste
r Pla
n.
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 4
3S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
43
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
GU
IDIN
G P
RIN
CIP
LE
GO
AL
2. U
ND
ER
ST
AN
DIN
G T
HE
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T
The
publ
ic w
ill b
ecom
e be
tter
awar
e of
the
urb
an f
ores
t if
ther
e is
a
gene
ral u
nder
stan
ding
of i
ts v
alue
and
the
bene
fi ts
it pr
ovid
es. T
o th
at
end,
an
ongo
ing
publ
ic e
duca
tion
proc
ess
appr
opria
tely
tai
lore
d to
di
ffere
nt a
ge le
vels
is e
ssen
tial.
To e
nsu
re t
ha
t re
sid
en
ts,
bu
sin
ess
ow
ne
rs a
nd
me
rch
an
ts
are
aw
are
of
the
be
ne
fi ts
tre
es
off
er
the
co
mm
un
ity
an
d t
ha
t
resi
de
nts
, p
rop
ert
y o
wn
ers
, a
rch
ite
cts
, e
ng
ine
ers
, p
lan
ne
rs,
de
ve
lop
ers
, a
nd
la
nd
sca
pe
an
d t
ree
co
ntr
ac
tors
are
fa
mil
iar
wit
h
curr
en
t in
du
stry
st
an
da
rds
an
d
Be
st
Ma
na
ge
me
nt
Pra
cti
ces
(BM
Ps)
fo
r tr
ee
p
lan
tin
g
an
d
tre
e
care
. To
a
lso
en
sure
th
at
resi
de
nts
are
incl
ud
ed
as
sta
ke
ho
lde
rs in
de
cisi
on
ma
kin
g.
2. UNDERSTANDING THE URBAN FOREST
44
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N4
4 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
ST
RA
TE
GIE
S
1. P
UB
LIC
ED
UC
AT
ION
The
City
will
dev
elop
an
effe
ctiv
e m
arke
ting
cam
paig
n to
rai
se a
war
enes
s of
th
e ur
ban
fore
st w
ithin
a w
ide
audi
ence
. E
duca
tiona
l effo
rts w
ill b
e ta
rget
ed,
info
rmat
ive
and
proa
ctiv
e. T
he C
ity w
ill d
o th
e fo
llow
ing
as p
art o
f thi
s ca
mpa
ign:
•
Con
duct
per
iodi
c pu
blic
wor
ksho
ps o
n tre
e ca
re.
• P
rovi
de re
side
nts
with
info
rmat
ion
that
is s
peci
fi c to
the
new
ly p
lant
ed s
treet
tre
es a
djac
ent t
o th
eir h
omes
and
thei
r car
e.
• P
rovi
de p
ublic
info
rmat
ion
on c
urre
nt in
dust
ry s
tand
ards
and
BM
Ps
for t
ree
man
agem
ent a
nd th
e C
ity’s
Mun
icip
al C
ode
gove
rnin
g pu
blic
tree
s.•
Incl
ude
info
rmat
ion
rega
rdin
g cu
rren
t ind
ustry
sta
ndar
ds a
nd B
MP
s fo
r tre
e pr
eser
vatio
n in
City
pub
licat
ions
rela
ted
to p
rivat
e de
velo
pmen
t tha
t im
pact
th
e ur
ban
fore
st.
• D
evel
op tr
ee c
are
prog
ram
min
g fo
r City
TV a
nd o
ther
cur
rent
med
ia o
utle
ts.
• S
trate
gica
lly u
tiliz
e so
cial
med
ia i
n di
ssem
inat
ing
info
rmat
ion
abou
t th
e ur
ban
fore
st a
nd it
s ca
re.
• M
ake
the
stre
et tr
ee in
vent
ory
avai
labl
e on
line
thro
ugh
the
City
’s O
pen
Dat
a P
orta
l.•
Initi
ate
a pe
riodi
c S
easc
ape
colu
mn
focu
sed
on th
e ur
ban
fore
st a
nd to
pics
re
latin
g to
tree
car
e an
d be
nefi t
s fro
m tr
ees.
•
Bie
nnia
lly
eval
uate
ou
treac
h m
etho
d ef
fi cac
y an
d ad
just
m
etho
ds
as
nece
ssar
y.•
Cre
ate
educ
atio
nal p
rogr
ams
abou
t the
urb
an fo
rest
for y
outh
.
2. O
UT
RE
AC
H T
O R
ES
IDE
NT
S A
ND
BU
SIN
ES
SE
S I
N S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A
The
City
will
mak
e a
targ
eted
effo
rt to
edu
cate
resi
dent
s, la
ndsc
ape
cont
ract
ors,
tre
e ca
re c
ontra
ctor
s, l
ands
cape
arc
hite
cts,
arc
hite
cts,
dev
elop
ers,
and
rea
l es
tate
age
nts
who
wor
k in
San
ta M
onic
a on
the
City
’s u
rban
fore
st p
olic
ies,
and
th
e pe
nalti
es fo
r not
adh
erin
g to
them
. The
pub
lic e
duca
tion
prog
ram
will
cla
rify
the
resp
onsi
bilit
ies
of th
e C
ity a
nd a
djac
ent r
esid
ents
and
mer
chan
ts o
n th
e ca
re
of n
ewly
pla
nted
stre
et tr
ees.
3.
HE
RIT
AG
E T
RE
ES
• Th
e H
erita
ge T
ree
prog
ram
will
be
impl
emen
ted
and
over
seen
by
the
Pub
lic
Land
scap
e D
ivis
ion
with
inp
ut f
rom
the
Urb
an F
ores
t Ta
sk F
orce
. T
he
prog
ram
will
defi
ne
the
proc
ess
for
the
nom
inat
ion
and
desi
gnat
ion
of
publ
ic tr
ees.
It w
ill a
lso
defi n
e th
e m
eans
by
whi
ch th
ey w
ill b
e re
cogn
ized
an
d us
ed
to
rais
e co
mm
unity
aw
aren
ess
abou
t th
eir
exce
ptio
nal
char
acte
ristic
s an
d co
ntrib
utio
ns t
o S
anta
Mon
ica’
s ur
ban
envi
ronm
ent.
This
des
igna
tion
will
not
inc
lude
reg
ulat
ory
rest
rictio
ns a
nd w
ill n
ot b
e go
vern
ed b
y th
e La
ndm
arks
Ord
inan
ce b
ut w
ill e
mph
asiz
e ed
ucat
ing
the
com
mun
ity t
hrou
gh c
reat
ive
educ
atio
nal
outre
ach
stra
tegi
es.
The
defi n
ition
of,
and
the
crite
ria fo
r a p
ublic
Her
itage
Tre
e m
ay in
clud
e bu
t is
not l
imite
d to
:•
Tree
s th
at r
epre
sent
spe
cim
ens
that
are
par
ticul
arly
rar
e in
the
Los
A
ngel
es b
asin
and
are
of c
onsi
dera
ble
size
and
age
.•
Tree
s th
at p
osse
ss u
niqu
e ch
arac
teris
tics
or s
peci
al s
igni
fi can
ce.
• Tr
ees t
hat a
re o
f a si
gnifi
cant
size
and
/or m
ake
a si
gnifi
cant
and
out
stan
ding
ae
sthe
tic im
pact
on
the
setti
ng a
nd a
re e
xcep
tiona
l spe
cim
ens
in g
ood
cond
ition
and
hea
lth.
• Tr
ees
that
giv
e sp
ecia
l sig
nifi c
ance
to a
his
toric
bui
ldin
g or
dis
trict
bec
ause
of
thei
r age
. 4
. C
OM
MU
NIT
Y T
RE
E P
LA
NT
ING
Th
e C
ity w
ill c
ontin
ue t
o ce
lebr
ate
Arb
or D
ay e
ach
year
and
pro
vide
the
op
portu
nity
for c
omm
unity
par
ticip
atio
n in
tree
pla
ntin
gs. I
nvol
vem
ent i
n su
ch
activ
ities
will
cau
se m
embe
rs o
f the
com
mun
ity to
gai
n an
app
reci
atio
n fo
r the
ur
ban
fore
st o
f tom
orro
w a
nd ta
ke a
n ac
tive
role
in c
reat
ing
the
fore
st’s
gre
en
lega
cy. I
n ad
ditio
n, th
e C
ity w
ill in
tegr
ate
com
mun
ity a
war
enes
s ac
tiviti
es in
to
City
eve
nts
as a
ppro
pria
te.
The
Pub
lic L
ands
cape
Div
isio
n w
ill c
oord
inat
e th
ese
activ
ities
.
5. O
TH
ER
AG
EN
CIE
S
The
City
will
pro
mot
e co
oper
ativ
e re
latio
nshi
ps w
ith th
e S
anta
Mon
ica-
Mal
ibu
Uni
fi ed
Sch
ool D
istri
ct, S
anta
Mon
ica
Col
lege
and
oth
er a
genc
ies
loca
ted
in
San
ta M
onic
a to
pro
mot
e ur
ban
fore
st a
war
enes
s an
d th
e co
ntrib
utio
n it
mak
es
to t
he c
omm
unity
. In
add
ition
, th
e C
ity w
ill s
hare
tre
e pl
antin
g op
portu
nitie
s w
ith th
ese
inst
itutio
ns th
at w
ill in
clud
e ed
ucat
iona
l pro
gram
s fo
r you
th.
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 4
5S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
45
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
3. ECONOMICS OF THE URBAN FOREST
3. E
CO
NO
MIC
S O
F T
HE
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T
The
urba
n fo
rest
is a
cap
ital a
sset
of t
he C
ity v
alue
d at
wel
l ove
r $15
5 m
illio
n. F
urth
erm
ore,
acc
ordi
ng t
o a
2015
ass
essm
ent
by t
he U
nite
d S
tate
s Fo
rest
Ser
vice
, it
annu
ally
del
iver
s $5
.1 m
illio
n of
eco
syst
em
serv
ices
. It i
s th
e on
ly e
lem
ent o
f the
City
’s in
frast
ruct
ure
that
act
ually
in
crea
ses
in v
alue
as
it ag
es.
The
valu
e of
eac
h tre
e w
as c
alcu
late
d ba
sed
on th
e 20
16 tr
ee in
vent
ory
data
, the
tota
l num
ber o
f tre
es, a
vera
ge s
ize,
repl
acem
ent v
alue
and
an
aver
age
ratin
g va
lue
for s
peci
es, c
ondi
tion,
and
loca
tion.
The
se a
vera
ge
num
bers
wer
e en
tere
d in
to a
for
mul
a to
giv
e th
e av
erag
e tre
e va
lue.
Th
e nu
mbe
r was
then
mul
tiplie
d by
the
tota
l num
ber o
f tre
es in
vent
orie
d an
d gi
ves
an e
stim
ated
val
ue o
f the
fore
st.
A he
alth
y an
d ae
sthe
tical
ly p
leas
ing
urba
n fo
rest
enh
ance
s to
uris
m,
busi
ness
and
pro
perty
val
ues.
Sta
ble
City
fun
ding
lev
els
shou
ld b
e pr
ovid
ed to
sus
tain
the
mai
nten
ance
and
dev
elop
men
t of t
his
impo
rtant
co
mm
unity
ass
et.
Con
tinge
nt u
pon
avai
labl
e fu
ndin
g, th
e C
ity’s
bud
get
shou
ld e
nsur
e co
nsis
tent
mai
nten
ance
and
ann
ual
rene
wal
of
the
fore
st.
Sup
plem
enta
l fu
ndra
isin
g ef
forts
cou
ld a
lso
be i
nten
sifi e
d to
co
mpl
emen
t the
City
’s e
fforts
. Man
agem
ent o
f the
urb
an fo
rest
sho
uld
be fi
scal
ly re
spon
sibl
e to
max
imiz
e th
e be
nefi t
s of
this
City
ass
et w
hile
ta
king
into
acc
ount
its
sust
aina
bilit
y.
To
ach
iev
e
suffi
cie
nt
fi n
an
cia
l re
sou
rce
s to
e
nh
an
ce
an
d
pre
serv
e
the
u
rba
n
fore
st,
an
d
to
rais
e
aw
are
ne
ss
of
its
eco
no
mic
im
po
rta
nce
.
GU
IDIN
G P
RIN
CIP
LE
GO
AL
46
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N4
6 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
1. C
ITY
FU
ND
ING
As
part
of th
e C
ity’s
ong
oing
bud
get p
roce
ss a
nd c
ontin
gent
upo
n av
aila
ble
fund
ing,
the
City
will
app
rove
ade
quat
e ca
pita
l and
ope
ratin
g fu
nds
to e
nsur
e a
heal
thy
and
dive
rse
urba
n fo
rest
. The
fund
s w
ill b
e su
ffi ci
ent t
o ac
com
plis
h th
e fo
llow
ing:
• P
rovi
de
for
adeq
uate
an
nual
m
aint
enan
ce
of
publ
icly
ow
ned
trees
de
pend
ent u
pon
spec
ies,
age
, cla
ss a
nd lo
catio
n.•
Sup
port
stre
et tr
ee p
lant
ing
in o
rder
to fi
ll al
l vac
anci
es w
ithin
a fi
ve-y
ear
perio
d w
hile
rep
laci
ng th
ose
trees
rem
oved
to a
chie
ve a
100
% s
tock
ing
leve
l. O
nce
achi
eved
, pla
ntin
g w
ill b
e su
stai
ned
at th
e ra
te n
eces
sary
to
mai
ntai
n a
100%
sto
ckin
g of
stre
et tr
ees.
•
Pro
vide
for
park
tree
pla
ntin
g at
a le
vel t
hat w
ill m
aint
ain
or e
nhan
ce a
n ap
prop
riate
per
cent
age
of U
rban
Tre
e C
anop
y (U
TC) i
n C
ity p
arks
.
• S
uppo
rt th
e us
e of
qua
lifi e
d in
depe
nden
t con
sulta
nts
as n
eede
d.
• P
rovi
de
ongo
ing
mar
ketin
g su
ppor
t to
en
sure
th
ere
is
wid
espr
ead
awar
enes
s an
d ed
ucat
ion
abou
t the
urb
an fo
rest
and
its
care
.
2. E
XT
ER
NA
L F
UN
DIN
G
The
City
will
mak
e al
l effo
rts to
iden
tify
and
obta
in e
xter
nal s
ourc
es o
f fun
ding
to
sup
port
the
goal
s an
d st
rate
gies
of t
he M
aste
r Pla
n, in
clud
ing
the
follo
win
g:•
Gra
nts
from
cou
nty,
sta
te, a
nd fe
dera
l sou
rces
to e
xten
d tre
e pl
antin
g an
d in
frast
ruct
ure
impr
ovem
ents
.•
The
City
’s G
ive
San
ta M
onic
a pr
ogra
m,
prov
idin
g op
portu
nitie
s fo
r m
embe
rs o
f the
pub
lic to
mak
e do
natio
ns fo
r the
pla
ntin
g an
d ca
re o
f new
pu
blic
tree
s.•
Fund
rais
ing
by in
tere
sted
res
iden
ts o
r no
n-pr
ofi t
grou
ps t
o su
pple
men
t C
ity fu
nds.
ST
RA
TE
GIE
S
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 4
7S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
47
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
4. COLLABORATING ON URBAN FOREST MANAGEMENT
4. C
OL
LA
BO
RA
TIN
G O
N U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
M
AN
AG
EM
EN
T
The
urba
n fo
rest
may
be
impa
cted
by
mul
tiple
fact
ors,
incl
udin
g bo
th
publ
ic a
nd p
rivat
e w
ork
activ
ities
, on
any
give
n da
y.
Ther
e m
ust b
e a
colla
bora
tive
proc
ess
in p
lace
whe
re u
rban
for
est
staf
f co
mm
unic
ate
effe
ctiv
ely
with
oth
er c
ity d
epar
tmen
ts, p
rivat
e co
ntra
ctor
s, d
evel
oper
s,
prop
erty
ow
ners
, loc
al b
usin
esse
s an
d ut
ility
pro
vide
rs o
n pr
opos
ed w
ork
that
may
impa
ct p
ublic
ly o
wne
d tre
es. T
he c
olla
bora
tive
proc
ess
shou
ld
aim
to p
rese
rve
and
enha
nce
the
urba
n fo
rest
, rat
her t
han
dim
inis
h its
va
lue,
dur
ing
deve
lopm
ent a
nd m
aint
enan
ce a
ctiv
ities
.
Whe
n de
velo
pmen
t pla
ns fo
r priv
ate
proj
ects
are
revi
ewed
by
the
City
, sp
ecia
l atte
ntio
n m
ust b
e pr
ovid
ed to
exi
stin
g pu
blic
tree
s im
pact
ed b
y th
e pr
opos
ed p
roje
ct a
nd th
e po
tent
ial f
or a
ddin
g ne
w p
ublic
tree
s. A
co
llabo
rativ
e pr
oces
s m
ust b
e in
pla
ce to
pro
tect
and
pre
serv
e ex
istin
g tre
es th
at a
re to
be
reta
ined
, and
to s
uppo
rt th
e pl
antin
g of
new
tree
s w
here
app
ropr
iate
.
On
larg
e pr
ivat
e de
velo
pmen
t pr
ojec
ts,
the
proc
ess
shou
ld i
nclu
de
oppo
rtuni
ties
for
com
mun
ity in
put d
urin
g th
e de
sign
pha
se.
To fu
rther
su
ppor
t the
se e
fforts
, arc
hite
cts,
dev
elop
ers
and
real
est
ate
com
pani
es
shou
ld re
ceiv
e cl
ear g
uide
lines
sta
ting
the
City
’s re
quire
men
ts in
rega
rd
to t
rees
and
tre
e ca
re.
The
Urb
an F
ores
t M
aste
r P
lan
will
act
as
a ce
ntra
lized
refe
renc
e.
Ma
inta
in
an
in
ter-
de
pa
rtm
en
tal
pro
cess
to
re
vie
w
all
de
ve
lop
me
nt
pla
ns,
to
e
nsu
re
ap
pro
pri
ate
p
ub
lic
tre
e
pre
serv
ati
on
, id
en
tifi
cati
on
an
d e
xp
loit
ati
on
of
ne
w p
lan
tin
g
op
po
rtu
nit
ies
an
d
op
tim
um
tr
ee
ca
re
in
com
pli
an
ce
wit
h
curr
en
t in
du
stry
sta
nd
ard
s. A
dd
itio
na
lly
, to
en
sure
th
at
Cit
y
sta
ff
an
d
con
tra
cto
rs
imp
ac
tin
g
pu
bli
c tr
ee
s a
re
fam
ilia
r
wit
h a
nd
are
fo
llo
win
g c
urr
en
t in
du
stry
sta
nd
ard
s a
nd
Be
st
Ma
na
ge
me
nt
Pra
cti
ces
(BM
Ps)
in
th
e s
ele
cti
on
, p
lan
tin
g,
an
d
ma
inte
na
nce
of
pu
bli
c tr
ee
s.
GU
IDIN
G P
RIN
CIP
LE
GO
AL
48
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N4
8 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
1. I
NT
ER
NA
L C
OL
LA
BO
RA
TIO
N
The
Pub
lic L
ands
cape
Div
isio
n w
ill in
volv
e th
e st
aff o
f the
Pla
nnin
g an
d C
omm
unity
D
evel
opm
ent a
nd P
ublic
Wor
ks D
epar
tmen
ts in
impl
emen
ting
the
polic
ies
of th
e U
rban
For
est M
aste
r Pla
n. O
ngoi
ng in
terd
epar
tmen
tal c
omm
unic
atio
n w
ill e
nsur
e a
heig
hten
ed fo
cus
on a
ctio
ns th
at p
rese
rve
and
enha
nce
the
urba
n fo
rest
. City
de
partm
ents
will
rece
ive
the
follo
win
g su
ppor
t fro
m th
e P
ublic
Lan
dsca
pe D
ivis
ion:
•
Pla
n re
view
and
the
prov
isio
n of
tech
nica
l adv
ice
on b
oth
publ
ic a
nd p
rivat
e de
velo
pmen
t pro
ject
s.•
Trai
ning
on
curr
ent i
ndus
try s
tand
ards
and
BM
Ps
for o
ther
city
dep
artm
ents
as
deem
ed a
ppro
pria
te.
• P
rovi
sion
and
reg
ular
upd
atin
g of
cle
ar g
uide
lines
, spe
cifi c
atio
ns a
nd d
etai
ls
for a
ll ty
pes
of tr
ee c
are.
• S
harin
g of
tree
pru
ning
and
tree
pla
ntin
g sc
hedu
les
in a
n ef
fort
to c
oord
inat
e ro
utin
e m
aint
enan
ce p
roje
cts
betw
een
depa
rtmen
ts a
nd p
reve
nt c
onfl i
ctin
g sc
hedu
les.
2.
CO
OR
DIN
AT
ION
WIT
H P
RIV
AT
E E
NT
ITIE
S
The
City
will
inc
lude
req
uire
men
ts f
or t
he d
evel
opm
ent
of a
dequ
ate
park
way
in
frast
ruct
ure
and
the
plan
ting
of p
ublic
tree
s as
par
t of p
rivat
e de
velo
pmen
t by
impl
emen
ting
the
follo
win
g:•
Incl
usio
n of
the
Pub
lic L
ands
cape
Div
isio
n st
aff i
n th
e in
terd
epar
tmen
tal P
re-
Sub
mitt
al R
evie
w p
roce
ss fo
r all
publ
ic a
nd p
rivat
e de
velo
pmen
t pro
ject
s.
• In
clus
ion
of th
e P
ublic
Lan
dsca
pe D
ivis
ion
staf
f in
inte
rdep
artm
enta
l pla
nnin
g fo
r pr
ojec
ts s
eeki
ng d
evel
opm
ent a
gree
men
ts to
ens
ure
that
“gr
een
stre
ets”
an
d en
hanc
ed p
arkw
ay t
ree
plan
ting
and
soil
volu
me
enha
ncem
ents
are
co
nsid
ered
for i
nclu
sion
as
a p
ublic
ben
efi t.
• W
orki
ng w
ith t
he A
rchi
tect
ural
Rev
iew
Boa
rd t
o en
sure
tha
t de
velo
pmen
t pr
ojec
ts u
nder
its
pur
view
do
not
nega
tivel
y im
pact
pub
lic t
rees
, th
roug
h co
llabo
ratio
n w
ith th
e P
ublic
Lan
dsca
pe D
ivis
ion.
• E
xplo
ratio
n on
the
feas
ibili
ty o
f the
Pub
lic L
ands
cape
Div
isio
n st
aff t
o re
view
tre
e ca
re c
ontra
ctor
bid
doc
umen
ts in
adv
ance
of b
uild
ing
perm
it is
suan
ce fo
r co
nsis
tenc
y w
ith c
urre
nt in
dust
ry s
tand
ards
and
BM
Ps
for t
ree
care
.
3. P
AR
KW
AY
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
GU
IDE
LIN
ES
The
man
agem
ent a
nd d
esig
n of
par
kway
s ha
ve a
sig
nifi c
ant i
mpa
ct o
n a
high
pro
porti
on o
f the
City
’s u
rban
fore
st. S
anta
Mon
ica
has
volu
ntar
y gu
idel
ines
to
educ
ate
resi
dent
s re
gard
ing
plan
ting
and
mai
ntai
ning
the
pa
rkw
ay th
at in
clud
e in
form
atio
n on
clim
ate-
appr
opria
te p
lant
mat
eria
ls,
irrig
atio
n, m
ulch
, gra
ding
, acc
ess
and
visi
bilit
y. T
he c
orre
ct m
anag
emen
t of
the
par
kway
, co
uple
d w
ith t
he a
ppro
pria
te s
elec
tion
of p
lant
s w
ith
sim
ilar r
equi
rem
ents
will
pos
itive
ly c
ontri
bute
to th
e he
alth
of s
treet
tree
s.
The
City
will
rev
iew
thes
e gu
idel
ines
per
iodi
cally
to e
nsur
e th
ey s
uppo
rt th
e ur
ban
fore
st a
nd w
ill m
ake
the
guid
elin
es p
art o
f the
edu
catio
n an
d m
arke
ting
effo
rts. T
he P
arkw
ay L
ands
capi
ng G
uide
lines
are
out
lined
in
the
appe
ndic
es.
4. C
OM
MU
NIT
Y A
ND
NE
IGH
BO
RH
OO
D C
OL
LA
BO
RA
TIO
N
In a
dditi
on to
the
Pub
lic L
ands
cape
Div
isio
n w
orki
ng c
olla
bora
tivel
y w
ith
the
Urb
an F
ores
t Tas
k Fo
rce,
pre
sent
atio
ns w
ill a
lso
be re
gula
rly m
ade
to
neig
hbor
hood
gro
ups
on u
rban
fore
st m
anag
emen
t and
cha
lleng
es. T
ree
spec
ies
sele
cted
for
pla
ntin
g on
stre
et s
egm
ents
or
with
in p
arks
with
in
thes
e ne
ighb
orho
ods
will
be
deta
iled
and
disc
usse
d.
5. S
CH
OO
L D
IST
RIC
T C
OL
LA
BO
RA
TIO
N
The
Pub
lic L
ands
cape
Div
isio
n m
ay in
itiat
e tre
e pl
antin
g ac
tiviti
es in
the
scho
ols
for A
rbor
Day
. Add
ition
al e
duca
tiona
l act
iviti
es m
ay b
e co
nduc
ted
at o
ther
tim
es t
hrou
ghou
t th
e ye
ar t
o pr
omot
e th
e be
nefi t
s of
tre
es.
By
invo
lvin
g yo
uth
and
the
gene
ral p
ublic
in A
rbor
Day
act
iviti
es a
nd o
ther
co
mm
unity
eve
nts,
they
will
gai
n an
app
reci
atio
n fo
r the
urb
an fo
rest
.
ST
RA
TE
GIE
S
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 4
9S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
49
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
5. SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF THE URBAN FOREST
5.
SU
ST
AIN
AB
LE
M
AN
AG
EM
EN
T
OF
T
HE
U
RB
AN
F
OR
ES
T
The
urba
n fo
rest
incl
udes
all
publ
ic tr
ees,
and
this
impo
rtant
res
ourc
e sh
ould
be
prot
ecte
d an
d su
stai
nabl
y m
anag
ed f
or b
oth
pres
ent
and
futu
re g
ener
atio
ns.
Urb
an fo
rest
sus
tain
able
man
agem
ent i
nclu
des:
• D
ata
man
agem
ent a
nd a
naly
sis
of re
leva
nt u
rban
fore
st m
etric
s •
Res
earc
h-ba
sed
deci
sion
mak
ing
• A
dher
ence
to c
urre
nt in
dust
ry s
tand
ards
for t
ree
care
, tre
e pl
antin
g an
d tre
e pr
eser
vatio
n•
Stri
ct c
riter
ia fo
r the
rem
oval
of p
ublic
tree
s•
App
ropr
iate
in
dust
ry
reco
gniz
ed
tree
valu
atio
n to
pr
ovid
e fo
r ne
cess
ary
miti
gatio
n pl
antin
g to
mai
ntai
n U
TC a
fter
publ
ic t
ree
rem
oval
or l
oss
thro
ugh
an a
ccid
ent o
r van
dalis
m
To s
ust
ain
ab
ly m
an
ag
e t
he
Cit
y’s
pu
bli
cly
ow
ne
d u
rba
n f
ore
st
in a
fi s
call
y r
esp
on
sib
le m
an
ne
r a
nd
to
ma
xim
ize
its
po
ten
tia
l
in d
eli
ve
rin
g e
cosy
ste
m s
erv
ice
s to
th
e c
om
mu
nit
y.
GU
IDIN
G P
RIN
CIP
LE
GO
AL
50
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N5
0 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
1.
LE
GA
LLY
PR
OT
EC
T P
UB
LIC
TR
EE
S
The
San
ta M
onic
a Tr
ee C
ode
(7.4
0) p
rote
cts
trees
on
publ
ic p
rope
rty w
ithin
th
e ci
ty. T
he T
ree
Cod
e st
ates
the
publ
ic’s
obl
igat
ion
to o
btai
n a
perm
it to
pla
nt,
rem
ove
or m
aint
ain
any
publ
ic t
ree;
out
lines
int
entio
nal
dam
age
to p
ublic
tre
es; a
nd e
nfor
ces
prot
ectio
n of
pub
lic tr
ees
thro
ugho
ut c
onst
ruct
ion
activ
ity.
Any
per
son(
s) w
ho v
iola
te a
ny p
rovi
sion
of t
he T
ree
Cod
e sh
all b
e su
bjec
t to
crim
inal
pen
alty
, civ
il ac
tion,
and
/or o
ther
rem
edie
s or
pen
altie
s by
law
.
The
City
will
enc
oura
ge th
e re
porti
ng o
f ille
gal t
ree
wor
k an
d va
ndal
ism
thro
ugh
publ
ic o
utre
ach,
edu
catio
n an
d lo
cal m
edia
. The
Pub
lic L
ands
cape
Div
isio
n w
ill a
ctiv
ely
purs
ue e
nfor
cem
ent o
f the
Tre
e C
ode
as n
eces
sary
to p
rote
ct th
e ur
ban
fore
st.
2.
ST
RIC
TLY
AD
HE
RE
TO
CU
RR
EN
T I
ND
US
TR
Y S
TA
ND
AR
DS
AN
D B
ES
T
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
PR
AC
TIC
ES
(B
MP
s) F
OR
TR
EE
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
The
Pub
lic L
ands
cape
Div
isio
n is
res
pons
ible
for
the
man
agem
ent
of t
he
City
’s p
ublic
ly o
wne
d ur
ban
fore
st. C
urre
nt in
dust
ry s
tand
ards
and
BM
Ps
will
be
ref
eren
ced
and
spec
ifi ed
in c
ontra
cts,
pla
nnin
g do
cum
ents
, pe
rmits
and
an
y ot
her d
ocum
enta
tion
perta
inin
g to
pub
lic tr
ees.
The
se in
dust
ry s
tand
ards
an
d B
MP
s in
clud
e, b
ut a
re n
ot li
mite
d to
:•
Am
eric
an N
atio
nal S
tand
ards
Inst
itute
(A
NS
I) A
300
- Am
eric
an N
atio
nal
Sta
ndar
d fo
r Tre
e C
are
Ope
ratio
ns -
Tree
, Shr
ub, a
nd O
ther
Woo
dy P
lant
M
anag
emen
t - S
tand
ard
Pra
ctic
es•
AN
SI Z
60.1
- A
mer
ican
Sta
ndar
d fo
r Nur
sery
Sto
ck•
Inte
rnat
iona
l S
ocie
ty o
f A
rbor
icul
ture
(IS
A)
Bes
t M
anag
emen
t P
ract
ice
Com
pani
on P
ublic
atio
ns to
AN
SI A
300
3. T
RE
E I
NV
EN
TO
RY
The
Pub
lic L
ands
cape
Div
isio
n w
ill m
aint
ain
a co
mpr
ehen
sive
GIS
-bas
ed
inve
ntor
y of
all
publ
ic tr
ees
in th
e C
ity’s
urb
an fo
rest
. Dat
a on
pub
lic tr
ees
will
be
mad
e av
aila
ble
thro
ugh
the
City
’s O
pen
Acc
ess
Por
tal.
The
tree
inve
ntor
y w
ill b
e co
ntin
ually
upd
ated
with
tre
e w
ork
reco
rds.
The
se w
ork
reco
rds
will
in
clud
e pr
unin
gs,
rem
oval
s an
d pl
antin
gs.
A co
mpr
ehen
sive
fi e
ld s
urve
y
and
upda
te o
f the
dat
abas
e w
ill b
e pe
rform
ed e
very
sev
en y
ears
if d
eem
ed
nece
ssar
y to
kee
p th
e da
ta a
ccur
ate.
4. A
NN
UA
L U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
PR
UN
ING
& P
LA
NT
ING
PR
OG
RA
M
Eac
h fi s
cal y
ear
the
Pub
lic L
ands
cape
Div
isio
n w
ill p
ublis
h an
urb
an f
ores
t w
ork
plan
det
ailin
g th
e tre
e pr
unin
g an
d pl
antin
g sc
hedu
le f
or t
he n
ext
12
mon
ths.
Add
ition
ally,
the
wor
k pl
an w
ill b
e pr
esen
ted
to th
e U
rban
For
est T
ask
Forc
e fo
r rev
iew
dur
ing
the
fi rst
mee
ting
of th
e fi s
cal y
ear.
The
urba
n fo
rest
tre
e pr
unin
g pr
ogra
m c
yclic
ally
insp
ects
and
pru
nes
trees
ba
sed
on s
peci
es,
loca
tion
and
mai
nten
ance
req
uire
men
ts.
The
Pub
lic
Land
scap
e D
ivis
ion
will
insp
ect t
hose
tree
s sc
hedu
led
for p
runi
ng d
urin
g th
e cu
rren
t yea
r and
take
app
ropr
iate
ste
ps to
: •
Man
age
and
enha
nce
the
tree
reso
urce
• M
itiga
te in
frast
ruct
ure
confl
icts
• R
espo
nsib
ly m
anag
e ris
k
Stre
et tr
ee p
lant
ing
will
be
prio
ritiz
ed b
ased
on
thre
e ke
y fa
ctor
s:•
Urb
an fo
rest
tree
pop
ulat
ion
dyna
mic
s•
Env
ironm
enta
l nee
d•
Hum
an n
eed
5. R
ISK
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
PR
OG
RA
M
Eve
ry p
ublic
tree
in th
e C
ity is
insp
ecte
d on
ce a
yea
r as
par
t of a
Tre
e R
isk
Man
agem
ent P
rogr
am im
plem
ente
d in
Jul
y 20
15. T
wo
asse
ssor
s w
ith IS
A Tr
ee
Ris
k A
sses
sors
(TR
AQ
) qu
alifi
catio
ns id
entif
y tre
e w
ork
and
gene
rate
wor
k or
ders
. The
City
’s T
ree
Ris
k M
anag
emen
t Pro
gram
will
follo
w th
e gu
idel
ines
an
d pr
otoc
ols
pres
ente
d by
cur
rent
indu
stry
sta
ndar
ds a
nd B
MP
s in
clud
ing:
• A
mer
ican
Nat
iona
l Sta
ndar
ds I
nstit
ute
(AN
SI)
A30
0 P
art
9: -
Am
eric
an
Nat
iona
l S
tand
ard
for
Tree
Car
e O
pera
tions
- T
ree,
Shr
ub,
and
Oth
er
Woo
dy P
lant
Man
agem
ent -
Sta
ndar
d P
ract
ices
•
Inte
rnat
iona
l S
ocie
ty o
f A
rbor
icul
ture
(IS
A)
Bes
t M
anag
emen
t P
ract
ice
Com
pani
on P
ublic
atio
ns to
AN
SI A
300
(Par
t 9)
Furth
er
info
rmat
ion
on
the
City
’s
tree
prot
ectio
n du
ring
cons
truct
ion
ST
RA
TE
GIE
S
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 5
1S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
51
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
5. SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF THE URBAN FOREST
requ
irem
ents
are
pro
vide
d in
the
appe
ndic
es.
6. M
AN
DA
TO
RY
TR
EE
PR
OT
EC
TIO
N D
UR
ING
CO
NS
TR
UC
TIO
N
All
publ
ic t
rees
will
be
prot
ecte
d an
d pr
eser
ved
whe
n im
pact
ed b
y co
nstru
ctio
n ac
tiviti
es.
This
is
nece
ssar
y be
caus
e th
e m
ovem
ent
of
build
ing
mat
eria
ls o
nto
cons
truct
ion
site
s, t
he u
se o
f he
avy
build
ing
equi
pmen
t, gr
adin
g an
d/or
tren
chin
g fo
r und
ergr
ound
util
ities
can
cau
se
irrep
arab
le p
hysi
cal d
amag
e to
any
adj
acen
t pub
lic tr
ees,
bot
h ab
ove
and
belo
w g
roun
d, a
nd th
eir
asso
ciat
ed s
oil r
esou
rce.
Th
e C
ity m
anda
tes
that
, du
ring
the
dem
oliti
on o
r co
nstru
ctio
n ph
ase
of a
dev
elop
men
t pr
ojec
t, a
Tree
Pro
tect
ion
Zone
(TP
Z) is
est
ablis
hed
arou
nd a
ll pu
blic
tre
es p
rior
to th
e co
mm
ence
men
t of s
uch
activ
ities
. The
man
agem
ent
of p
ublic
tree
s im
pact
ed b
y co
nstru
ctio
n or
dem
oliti
on w
ill fo
llow
cur
rent
in
dust
ry s
tand
ards
and
BM
Ps
incl
udin
g:•
Am
eric
an N
atio
nal
Sta
ndar
ds I
nstit
ute
(AN
SI)
A30
0 P
art
5: -
A
mer
ican
Nat
iona
l S
tand
ard
for
Tree
Car
e O
pera
tions
- T
ree,
S
hrub
, and
Oth
er W
oody
Pla
nt M
anag
emen
t - S
tand
ard
Pra
ctic
es
(Man
agem
ent
of T
rees
and
Shr
ubs
Dur
ing
Site
Pla
nnin
g, S
ite
Dev
elop
men
t, an
d C
onst
ruct
ion)
• In
tern
atio
nal
Soc
iety
of
Arb
oric
ultu
re
(ISA
) B
est
Man
agem
ent
Pra
ctic
e C
ompa
nion
Pub
licat
ions
to A
NS
I A30
0 (P
art 5
)
7.
PU
BL
IC
TR
EE
R
EM
OV
AL
, C
OM
MU
NIT
Y
NO
TIF
ICA
TIO
N
AN
D
AP
PE
AL
S
The
City
of S
anta
Mon
ica’
s M
unic
ipal
Tre
e C
ode
(Cha
pter
7.4
0) d
efi n
es
that
the
Dire
ctor
of
Pub
lic W
orks
has
the
dut
y to
ove
rsee
pub
lic t
ree
rem
oval
s. T
he C
ity’s
pub
lic tr
ees
will
onl
y be
rem
oved
if th
ey m
eet a
ny
of th
e fo
llow
ing
crite
ria:
• Tr
ee is
dea
d•
Tree
is d
ying
and
the
seve
re d
eclin
e ca
nnot
be
reas
onab
ly re
vers
ed•
Tree
pre
sent
s an
unr
easo
nabl
e st
ruct
ural
failu
re ri
sk th
at c
anno
t be
reas
onab
ly m
itiga
ted
• Tr
ee is
in a
n un
avoi
dabl
e co
nfl ic
t w
ith a
con
stru
ctio
n pr
ojec
t th
at
cann
ot b
e m
itiga
ted
thro
ugh
desi
gn a
nd r
estit
utio
n pl
antin
g ca
n be
per
form
ed to
miti
gate
its
loss
bas
ed o
n th
e C
ity’s
tree
va
luat
ion
prot
ocol
Exc
ept i
n em
erge
ncy
situ
atio
ns in
volv
ing
imm
inen
t tre
e fa
ilure
with
po
tent
ial f
or h
arm
to li
fe a
nd p
rope
rty, t
he C
ity w
ill p
ublic
ize
a no
tice
of in
tend
ed p
ublic
tree
rem
oval
s at
leas
t ten
(10
) w
orki
ng d
ays
in
adva
nce
of th
e re
mov
al d
ate
by:
• A
ttach
ing
a no
tice
to th
e ac
tual
tree
to b
e re
mov
ed•
Pub
lishi
ng a
not
ice
onlin
e de
taili
ng t
he p
ublic
tre
es li
sted
for
re
mov
al•
Dis
tribu
ting
a no
tice
to th
e P
ublic
Lan
dsca
pe D
ivis
ion’
s ur
ban
fore
st c
onta
ct li
st
The
notic
e w
ill i
nclu
de t
he r
easo
n fo
r th
e in
tend
ed r
emov
al a
nd
prov
ide
com
mun
ity
mem
bers
w
ith
an
oppo
rtuni
ty
to
prov
ide
com
men
t or
ask
que
stio
ns o
f P
ublic
Lan
dsca
pe D
ivis
ion
staf
f. A
dditi
onal
ly, th
e de
cisi
on to
rem
ove
a pu
blic
tree
can
be
appe
aled
to
the
Urb
an F
ores
t Tas
k Fo
rce.
Th
e sa
me
appe
al p
roce
ss a
lso
appl
ies
whe
n a
requ
est t
o re
mov
e a
publ
ic tr
ee h
as b
een
deni
ed
by t
he P
ublic
Lan
dsca
pe D
ivis
ion.
The
Urb
an F
ores
t Ta
sk F
orce
w
ill h
ear
the
appe
al a
t th
e ne
xt a
vaila
ble
bi-m
onth
ly T
ask
Forc
e m
eetin
g. B
ased
on
the
hear
ing
and
with
inpu
t fro
m C
ity s
taff,
the
Urb
an F
ores
t Tas
k Fo
rce
will
mak
e a
reco
mm
enda
tion
on th
e tre
e to
the
Dire
ctor
of
Pub
lic W
orks
, w
ho w
ill t
hen
com
mun
icat
e th
eir
deci
sion
in w
ritin
g to
the
appe
llant
with
in 3
0 da
ys.
Pub
lic tr
ees
rem
oved
in c
ompl
ianc
e w
ith th
e re
mov
al c
riter
ia w
ith a
di
amet
er o
f fi v
e in
ches
(5”)
or l
ess,
at a
hei
ght o
f fou
r fee
t and
six
in
ches
(4’
6”)
from
gro
und
leve
l, w
ill b
e ex
empt
fro
m t
he n
otic
ing
requ
irem
ent d
etai
led
abov
e.
Furth
er in
form
atio
n on
the
City
’s tr
ee r
emov
al c
riter
ia a
nd th
e tre
e re
mov
al a
ppea
l pro
cess
is o
utlin
ed in
the
appe
ndic
es.
8. T
RE
E V
AL
UA
TIO
N P
RO
TO
CO
L
ST
RA
TE
GIE
S
52
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N5
2 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Tree
val
uatio
n is
a v
ital c
ompo
nent
of s
usta
inab
le u
rban
fore
st m
anag
emen
t as
it e
nsur
es t
he U
TC is
not
neg
ativ
ely
impa
cted
by
heal
thy
tree
loss
. If
a he
alth
y pu
blic
tree
is re
mov
ed o
r des
troye
d, it
s lo
ss w
ill b
e ac
coun
ted
for b
y su
ffi ci
ent l
evel
s of
rep
lace
men
t tre
e pl
antin
g. O
ften,
a r
epla
cem
ent t
ree
of a
si
mila
r siz
e as
the
one
rem
oved
or d
estro
yed
cann
ot b
e pl
ante
d as
it w
ould
be
impr
actic
al a
nd/o
r cos
t pro
hibi
tive.
As
a re
sult,
the
Cou
ncil o
f Tre
e &
Lan
dsca
pe
App
rais
ers
have
sug
gest
ed a
num
ber o
f rec
ogni
zed
met
hodo
logi
es fo
r val
uing
tre
es. T
heir
Trun
k Fo
rmul
a M
etho
d ca
lcul
ates
the
num
ber
of s
tand
ard
size
d ne
w tr
ees
need
ed to
repl
ace
a la
rger
tree
. As
part
of th
e va
luat
ion
proc
ess,
the
met
hodo
logy
take
s in
to a
ccou
nt:
• Tr
ee s
ize
• Tr
ee s
peci
es•
Tree
con
ditio
n•
Tree
loca
tion
The
met
hodo
logy
is th
eref
ore
com
preh
ensi
ve a
nd d
etai
led
in d
eter
min
ing
the
num
ber o
f rep
lace
men
t tre
es re
quire
d to
miti
gate
the
UTC
loss
of a
larg
er tr
ee.
Add
ition
al in
form
atio
n on
how
the
City
of S
anta
Mon
ica
uses
this
tree
val
uatio
n m
etho
dolo
gy is
ava
ilabl
e in
the
appe
ndic
es.
9. P
RO
TE
CT
ION
OF
UR
BA
N W
ILD
LIF
E
The
prot
ectio
n of
urb
an w
ildlif
e is
crit
ical
and
req
uire
d th
roug
h th
e M
igra
tory
B
ird T
reat
y A
ct a
nd th
e E
ndan
gere
d S
peci
es A
ct. U
rban
fore
st m
anag
emen
t op
erat
ions
will
be
perfo
rmed
in a
man
ner
to a
void
dis
turb
ing
urba
n w
ildlif
e.
City
and
con
tract
or s
taff
will
be
train
ed in
insp
ectin
g fo
r and
pro
tect
ing
urba
n w
ildlif
e pr
ior
to p
erfo
rmin
g tre
e w
ork.
Tre
es c
onta
inin
g ur
ban
wild
life
will
not
be
sch
edul
ed fo
r w
ork
until
the
end
of th
e br
eedi
ng/n
estin
g se
ason
or
such
tim
e as
the
wor
k w
ill n
ot d
istu
rb u
rban
wild
life.
The
onl
y ex
cept
ion
to th
is is
w
hen
publ
ic s
afet
y is
thre
aten
ed; i
n su
ch c
ases
, loc
al s
ubje
ct e
xper
ts w
ill b
e co
nsul
ted
to a
ssis
t in
min
imiz
ing
the
impa
ct to
urb
an w
ildlif
e.
10
. NE
W T
EC
HN
OL
OG
IES
, RE
SE
AR
CH
AN
D D
AT
A A
NA
LYT
ICS
The
Pub
lic L
ands
cape
Div
isio
n w
ill k
eep
abre
ast
of c
urre
nt r
esea
rch
and
impl
emen
t ne
w t
echn
olog
ies
whe
re p
ract
ical
for
the
tre
e ca
re in
dust
ry t
hat
can
bene
fi t th
e ur
ban
fore
st. A
dmin
istra
tive
data
on
urba
n fo
rest
met
rics
will
be
regu
larly
revi
ewed
to im
prov
e un
ders
tand
ing
of th
e fu
nctio
n an
d he
alth
of
the
urba
n fo
rest
and
its
inte
ract
ion
with
the
com
mun
ity.
Stra
tegi
c pl
anni
ng,
oper
atio
ns a
nd b
udge
ting
will
use
dat
a to
info
rm a
nd d
rive
the
deci
sion
-mak
ing
proc
ess.
11
. PU
BL
IC T
RE
ES
AN
D C
ITY
PU
BL
IC P
RO
JEC
TS
The
City
will
inco
rpor
ate
exis
ting
heal
thy
trees
in t
he d
esig
n of
City
pub
lic
impr
ovem
ent p
roje
cts,
whe
reve
r con
sist
ent w
ith th
e pr
ojec
t’s d
esig
n ob
ject
ives
an
d af
ter
a co
mm
unity
des
ign
proc
ess
whe
re p
ropo
sed
tree
relo
catio
ns a
nd
rem
oval
s ar
e id
entifi
ed.
The
City
Pla
nnin
g D
epar
tmen
t, A
rchi
tect
ure
Ser
vice
s D
ivis
ion,
Civ
il E
ngin
eerin
g D
ivis
ion,
and
oth
er a
pplic
able
City
ope
ratio
ns th
at
affe
ct th
e w
ellb
eing
of t
rees
, will
wor
k in
con
sulta
tion
with
the
Urb
an F
ores
ter
to fo
rmul
ate
initi
al re
com
men
datio
ns.
Whe
re tr
ee r
emov
al is
incl
uded
as
part
of th
e pr
opos
ed d
esig
n, th
e C
ity w
ill
cons
ider
relo
catio
n of
tree
s w
ith g
ood
surv
ival
pro
spec
ts.
If re
loca
tion
is n
ot
feas
ible
, re
plac
emen
t m
itiga
tion
tree
plan
ting
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith t
he C
ity’s
tre
e va
luat
ion
prot
ocol
will
be
built
into
the
proj
ect s
cope
to o
ffset
the
UTC
loss
. In
add
ition
to d
esig
n ill
ustra
tions
, a p
ropo
sed
Tree
Rel
ocat
ion
and
Rem
oval
P
lan
(the
Pla
n) w
ill b
e pr
esen
ted
at p
roje
ct c
omm
unity
des
ign
wor
ksho
ps
and
the
info
rmat
ion
mad
e av
aila
ble
to t
he g
ener
al p
ublic
thr
ough
the
use
of
com
mun
icat
ion
stra
tegi
es s
uch
as p
roje
ct w
ebsi
tes,
pro
ject
e-b
last
s, a
nd
pres
s re
leas
es to
the
loca
l med
ia a
nd v
ia th
e U
rban
For
est e
mai
l dis
tribu
tion
lists
. Th
e pr
opos
ed P
lan
will
be
incl
uded
in th
e pr
ojec
t des
ign
subm
ittal
s to
th
e re
quire
d ad
viso
ry a
nd r
egul
ator
y re
view
bod
ies
and
will
als
o be
incl
uded
in
pro
ject
sta
ff re
ports
and
des
ign
pres
enta
tions
to
the
City
Cou
ncil
at t
he
appr
opria
te s
tage
s of
the
proj
ect.
The
Pla
n w
ill c
lear
ly s
tate
the
trees
to b
e im
pact
ed a
nd th
e re
ason
s fo
r the
pro
pose
d re
mov
als
or re
loca
tions
. If,
dur
ing
the
desi
gn p
roce
ss,
ther
e ar
e pr
opos
ed c
hang
es t
o th
e P
lan
as t
he o
vera
ll de
sign
evo
lves
and
bec
omes
mor
e sp
ecifi
c, in
clud
ing
resi
dent
inpu
t, th
ese
chan
ges
will
be
clea
rly n
oted
in a
revi
sed
Pla
n fo
r rev
iew
by
the
publ
ic a
nd th
e ot
her r
evie
w b
odie
s. T
he fi
nal t
ree
relo
catio
n, tr
ee re
mov
al a
nd re
plac
emen
t
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 5
3S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
53
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
5. SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF THE URBAN FOREST
plan
ting
plan
will
be
appr
oved
by
the
City
Cou
ncil
as p
art o
f the
pro
ject
’s
fi nal
pro
ject
des
ign
and
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
the
tree
rem
oval
app
eal p
roce
ss
outli
ned
in th
e ap
pend
ices
.
Add
ition
al in
form
atio
n on
the
City
’s tr
ee v
alua
tion
prot
ocol
can
foun
d in
th
e ap
pend
ices
.
12
. LA
ND
MA
RK
S A
ND
HIS
TO
RIC
DIS
TR
ICT
S
In th
e ca
se o
f stre
et tr
ee d
esig
natio
ns a
djac
ent t
o cu
rren
tly d
esig
nate
d la
ndm
arks
or
with
in c
urre
ntly
des
igna
ted
hist
oric
dis
trict
s, C
ity s
taff
will
co
nsul
t w
ith t
he S
peci
es S
elec
tion
Sub
com
mitt
ee o
f th
e U
rban
For
est
Task
For
ce f
or t
heir
reco
mm
enda
tions
. S
taff
may
als
o co
nfer
with
the
La
ndm
arks
Com
mis
sion
in a
n ad
viso
ry c
apac
ity t
o ad
dres
s co
ntex
tual
is
sues
prio
r to
sele
ctin
g re
plac
emen
t spe
cies
.
The
Dire
ctor
of
P
ublic
W
orks
w
ill
revi
ew
and
mus
t ap
prov
e an
y m
odifi
catio
ns t
o sp
ecie
s sp
ecifi
ed i
n th
e U
rban
For
est
Mas
ter
Pla
n’s
stre
et t
ree
desi
gnat
ions
due
to
land
mar
ked
prop
ertie
s or
des
igna
ted
hist
oric
dis
trict
s.
13
. U
PD
AT
ING
TH
E A
PP
EN
DIC
ES
OF
TH
E U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
The
fi rst
two
chap
ters
of t
he U
rban
For
est M
aste
r Pla
n de
fi ne
the
urba
n fo
rest
and
the
City
’s s
trate
gic
goal
s fo
r man
agin
g th
is im
porta
nt re
sour
ce.
The
Mas
ter P
lan’
s ap
pend
ices
det
ail u
rban
fore
st o
pera
tiona
l pro
cedu
res,
st
reet
and
par
k tre
e sp
ecie
s de
sign
atio
ns a
nd p
roto
cols
to a
chie
ve th
ese
stra
tegi
c go
als.
The
fl ex
ibili
ty to
mod
ify th
ese
proc
edur
es, d
esig
natio
ns
and
prot
ocol
s, d
ue to
env
ironm
enta
l cha
nge,
ope
ratio
nal c
halle
nges
or
new
res
earc
h, i
s es
sent
ial
in m
aint
aini
ng a
n op
timal
and
sus
tain
able
ur
ban
fore
st p
rogr
am. T
here
fore
, the
con
tent
of t
he a
ppen
dice
s m
ay b
e m
odifi
ed b
y C
ity s
taff
if ap
prov
ed b
y th
e U
rban
For
est T
ask
Forc
e af
ter
revi
ew a
t a p
ublic
mee
ting.
How
ever
, upd
atin
g of
the
Mas
ter P
lan’
s fi r
st
two
chap
ters
will
requ
ire a
ppro
val b
y C
ity C
ounc
il.
ST
RA
TE
GIE
S
54
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N5
4 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 5
5S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
55
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
GU
IDIN
G P
RIN
CIP
LE
GO
AL
6.
EN
HA
NC
ING
A
ND
P
RE
SE
RV
ING
T
HE
U
RB
AN
F
OR
ES
T
The
urba
n fo
rest
is
in a
con
stan
t st
ate
of c
hang
e. T
his
Mas
ter
Pla
n co
nsid
ers
the
life
cycl
e of
the
urb
an f
ores
t an
d re
cogn
izes
tha
t it
is a
dy
nam
ic,
natu
ral
syst
em.
This
Mas
ter
Pla
n w
ill r
etai
n fl e
xibi
lity
for
addr
essi
ng t
he i
nevi
tabl
e gr
owth
and
dec
line
of t
he C
ity’s
tre
es.
The
enha
ncem
ent o
f the
urb
an fo
rest
and
its
sust
aina
bilit
y en
able
s th
e C
ity to
en
joy
a hi
ghly
func
tioni
ng, h
ealth
y an
d lo
w ri
sk u
rban
fore
st th
at p
rovi
des
a m
yria
d of
eco
syst
em s
ervi
ces
and
bene
fi ts
to th
e co
mm
unity
.
Opt
imiz
ing
and
enha
ncin
g th
e C
ity’s
tot
al u
rban
for
est
biom
ass
is a
lso
of p
rimar
y im
porta
nce
in a
chie
ving
the
City
’s s
usta
inab
ility
goa
ls.
The
Mas
ter
Pla
n pr
omot
es c
reat
ing
a m
axim
ally
fun
ctio
nal u
rban
for
est,
by
incr
easi
ng b
oth
curr
ent t
otal
can
opy
cove
rage
and
tota
l bio
mas
s. C
anop
y co
vera
ge in
San
ta M
onic
a ne
ighb
orho
ods
varie
s gr
eatly
, de
pend
ing
on
park
way
siz
e. T
he s
trate
gies
of
this
pla
n en
sure
the
max
imum
fea
sibl
e ur
ban
fore
st b
iom
ass
on e
very
stre
et, g
iven
the
spec
ifi c
cond
ition
s an
d lim
itatio
ns o
f eac
h si
te, a
nd re
com
men
ds in
crea
sing
par
kway
siz
e w
here
fe
asib
le to
impr
ove
cano
py e
quity
in th
e C
ity.
Tree
s sh
ould
be
a pr
imar
y co
nsid
erat
ion
in th
e C
ity’s
pla
nnin
g pr
oces
s.
Futu
re d
evel
opm
ent i
n th
e C
ity s
houl
d re
quire
ade
quat
e sp
ace
for p
ublic
tre
es th
at w
ill p
rodu
ce th
e de
sire
d ca
nopy
cov
erag
e. W
hen
urba
n fo
rest
en
hanc
emen
t is
in c
onfl i
ct w
ith o
ther
goa
ls, t
ree
loss
sho
uld
be b
alan
ced
with
app
ropr
iate
leve
ls o
f re
plac
emen
t pl
antin
g in
the
loca
lity
base
d on
th
e C
ity’s
tre
e va
luat
ion
prot
ocol
. Th
is w
ill m
inim
ize
the
impa
ct o
f tre
e lo
ss in
a n
eigh
borh
ood
and
thus
miti
gate
UTC
loss
. Fac
tors
that
sho
uld
be c
onsi
dere
d in
pla
nnin
g de
velo
pmen
t in
clud
e: t
he s
ite,
econ
omic
co
nstra
ints
, how
exi
stin
g an
d re
plac
emen
t spe
cies
fi t i
nto
the
stre
etsc
ape
and
the
neig
hbor
hood
cha
ract
er,
the
life
span
and
con
ditio
n of
exi
stin
g tre
es, t
heir
hist
oric
con
text
and
rela
ted
envi
ronm
enta
l ben
efi ts
.
Spe
cies
div
ersi
ty i
s vi
tal
in a
chie
ving
ove
rall
urba
n fo
rest
hea
lth a
nd
adds
resi
lienc
e to
the
urba
n la
ndsc
ape.
The
Mas
ter P
lan
will
stra
tegi
cally
pl
an to
incr
ease
spe
cies
div
ersi
ty s
o th
at th
e ur
ban
fore
st is
not
und
uly
affe
cted
sho
uld
one
or m
ore
indi
vidu
al s
peci
es s
uffe
r due
to p
atho
gens
or
envi
ronm
enta
l stre
ss.
.
6. ENHANCING AND PRESERVING THE URBAN FOREST
To e
nh
an
ce t
he
urb
an
fo
rest
by
ex
pa
nd
ing
ca
no
py
co
ve
rag
e
an
d s
pe
cie
s d
ive
rsit
y t
hro
ug
ho
ut
the
Cit
y.
56
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N5
6 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
ST
RA
TE
GIE
S
1.
INC
RE
AS
E U
RB
AN
TR
EE
CA
NO
PY
The
City
of
San
ta M
onic
a’s
UTC
was
est
imat
ed a
s be
ing
15%
in
2001
. A
n up
date
d U
TC a
sses
smen
t w
ill b
e co
mpl
eted
in 2
017.
The
Pub
lic L
ands
cape
D
ivis
ion
will
end
eavo
r to
incr
ease
UTC
by
5% in
10
year
s ov
er p
arkl
and
and
over
City
stre
ets.
The
stre
et t
ree
stoc
king
leve
l was
est
imat
ed t
o be
96%
in 2
001
but
has
now
dr
oppe
d to
roug
hly
93%
in 2
016.
Thi
s is
mos
t lik
ely
due
to a
n ag
ing
urba
n fo
rest
, hi
stor
ical
ly in
suffi
cien
t tre
e pl
antin
g an
d th
e im
pact
of e
nviro
nmen
tal s
tress
suc
h as
dro
ught
and
dis
ease
. The
refo
re, t
he P
ublic
Lan
dsca
pe D
ivis
ion
will
stri
ve to
fu
lly s
tock
100
% o
f the
pot
entia
l loc
atio
ns fo
r stre
et tr
ees
thro
ugh
esca
latin
g tre
e pl
antin
g ef
forts
and
impr
oved
pre
serv
atio
n of
exi
stin
g tre
es.
2.
SP
EC
IES
DIV
ER
SIT
Y
In t
he C
ity’s
urb
an f
ores
t, no
gen
us w
ill e
xcee
d te
n pe
rcen
t (1
0%)
and
no
spec
ies
will
exc
eed
fi ve
perc
ent (
5%)
of th
e to
tal p
ublic
tree
pop
ulat
ion.
Whe
n co
nsid
erin
g in
divi
dual
par
ks,
no g
enus
will
exc
eed
40%
and
no
spec
ies
will
ex
ceed
20%
. Ove
rall,
this
spe
cies
div
ersi
ty w
ill b
e ac
hiev
ed th
roug
h th
e st
rate
gic
plan
ning
of n
ew tr
ee p
lant
ing
both
on
City
stre
ets
and
in p
arks
. Hea
lthy
trees
will
no
t be
rem
oved
to fa
cilit
ate
the
intro
duct
ion
of n
ew s
peci
es. T
hey
will
be
plan
ted
as e
xist
ing
publ
ic tr
ees
reac
h th
e en
d of
thei
r use
ful l
ife e
xpec
tanc
y an
d re
quire
re
plac
emen
t.
3.
SP
EC
IES
SE
LE
CT
ION
AN
D D
RO
UG
HT
RE
SIL
IEN
CE
Pla
ntin
g th
e rig
ht tr
ee in
the
right
pla
ce is
ess
entia
l to
the
succ
ess
of th
e ur
ban
fore
st a
nd it
s su
stai
nabi
lity.
Spe
cies
will
be
sele
cted
for
plan
ting
base
d on
the
follo
win
g fa
ctor
s:•
Siz
e of
the
grow
ing
spac
e in
clud
ing
the
wid
th o
f the
par
kway
and
pre
senc
e of
adj
acen
t bui
ldin
gs o
r inf
rast
ruct
ure
• Th
e vo
lum
e of
ava
ilabl
e so
il•
The
pres
ence
of u
tiliti
es, b
oth
over
head
and
bel
ow g
roun
d•
Com
mun
ity s
afet
y in
clud
ing
traffi
c vi
sibi
lity
Furth
erm
ore,
one
of
the
way
s th
e C
ity w
ill b
uild
env
ironm
enta
l re
silie
nce
to
drou
ght i
s th
roug
h ca
refu
l spe
cies
sel
ectio
n. A
t lea
st 7
5% o
f the
spe
cies
sel
ecte
d
for
the
2017
Stre
et T
ree
Des
igna
tions
lis
t re
quire
low
wat
er,
and
drou
ght
resi
lient
/low
wat
er u
se s
peci
es h
ave
been
sel
ecte
d w
here
pos
sibl
e. A
t lea
st
one
low
wat
er u
se s
peci
es w
ill b
e as
sign
ed t
o ea
ch s
treet
seg
men
t ac
ross
th
e C
ity. A
dditi
onal
ly, s
peci
es w
ith k
now
n en
viro
nmen
tal c
once
rns,
pat
hoge
n is
sues
or t
hat a
re in
vasi
ve to
nat
ural
are
as w
ill n
ot b
e se
lect
ed fo
r pla
ntin
g.
The
stre
et tr
ee s
peci
es s
elec
ted
for i
ndiv
idua
l blo
cks
is a
vaila
ble
for r
evie
w in
th
e ap
pend
ices
.
4.
IM
PL
EM
EN
TA
TIO
N O
F A
ND
UP
DA
TIN
G T
HE
ST
RE
ET
TR
EE
SP
EC
IES
DE
SIG
NA
TIO
N L
IST
The
City
will
impl
emen
t and
adh
ere
to th
e st
reet
tree
des
igna
tions
con
tain
ed in
th
e U
rban
For
est M
aste
r Pla
n ap
pend
ices
. The
City
will
eva
luat
e th
e sp
ecie
s de
sign
atio
ns li
st e
very
fi ve
yea
rs in
con
junc
tion
with
ass
essi
ng th
e su
cces
s of
ne
wly
intro
duce
d sp
ecie
s. S
igni
fi can
t upd
ates
to th
e sp
ecie
s de
sign
atio
ns w
ill
be m
ade
in c
onju
nctio
n w
ith th
e S
peci
es S
ubco
mm
ittee
of t
he U
rban
For
est
Task
For
ce a
nd im
pact
ed n
eigh
borh
ood
grou
ps.
5. P
LA
NT
ING
PR
IOR
ITIZ
AT
ION
Pla
ntin
g of
pub
lic tr
ees
will
be
prio
ritiz
ed b
ased
on
num
erou
s fa
ctor
s in
clud
ing
urba
n fo
rest
met
rics
as w
ell a
s en
viro
nmen
tal a
nd h
uman
nee
d. T
hese
fact
ors
incl
ude:
• Tr
ee a
ge d
iver
sity
and
pla
ntin
g sp
ace
avai
labi
lity
(pla
ntin
g va
canc
ies)
• P
opul
atio
n de
nsity
and
ave
rage
age
• P
roxi
mity
to s
choo
ls a
nd e
arly
lear
ning
cen
ters
• Th
e ur
ban
heat
isla
nd e
ffect
• Tr
ansp
ort c
orrid
ors
and
thei
r ass
ocia
ted
air p
ollu
tion
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 5
7S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
57
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
6. ENHANCING AND PRESERVING THE URBAN FOREST
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
ST
RA
TE
GIE
S
6.
NE
W S
PE
CIE
S I
NT
RO
DU
CT
ION
S
To e
nsur
e th
e ur
ban
fore
st d
iver
sity
goa
l fos
ters
a r
esili
ent a
nd h
ealth
y fu
nctio
ning
urb
an a
rbor
etum
, it
is r
ecog
nize
d as
impo
rtant
to
trial
new
sp
ecie
s in
trodu
ctio
ns. T
he C
ity w
ill p
lant
new
spe
cies
in p
arks
, or o
ther
ap
prop
riate
loc
atio
ns;
upon
obs
erva
nce
of s
ucce
ssfu
l es
tabl
ishm
ent
over
tim
e th
e ne
w s
peci
es w
ill b
e co
nsid
ered
for
stre
et t
ree
spec
ies
desi
gnat
ion.
7.
M
OD
IFIC
AT
ION
O
F
INF
RA
ST
RU
CT
UR
E
TO
A
CC
OM
MO
DA
TE
LA
RG
ER
CA
NO
PY
TR
EE
S
In a
dditi
on to
pla
ntin
g tre
es in
exi
stin
g pa
rkw
ays,
the
City
will
con
tinue
to
iden
tify
oppo
rtuni
ties
to in
crea
se c
anop
y co
vera
ge in
the
follo
win
g w
ays:
• In
corp
orat
ing
land
scap
ed m
edia
ns a
nd/o
r in
crea
sing
the
wid
th o
f ex
istin
g pa
rkw
ays
whe
re fe
asib
le•
Exp
lorin
g ne
w t
echn
ique
s de
sign
ed f
or g
reat
er s
oil v
olum
e as
an
oppo
rtuni
ty to
incr
ease
the
bala
nce
of c
anop
y co
vera
ge th
roug
hout
th
e C
ity•
In s
treet
red
esig
n pr
ojec
ts, m
axim
izin
g pa
rkw
ays
and
tree
wel
ls to
en
hanc
e th
e st
reet
tree
gro
wsp
ace
• M
akin
g pr
ovis
ions
for
lar
ger
stre
et t
ree
grow
spac
es i
n pr
ivat
e de
velo
pmen
t pro
ject
s in
con
juct
ion
with
impl
emen
tatio
n of
the
City
’s
Land
Use
and
Circ
ulat
ion
Ele
men
t (LU
CE
), an
d th
roug
h th
e zo
ning
co
de,
deve
lopi
ng s
tand
ards
to
prov
ide
for
the
incl
usio
n of
mor
e tre
es in
bet
ter g
row
spac
es w
ith g
reat
er c
anop
y po
tent
ial o
n pr
ivat
e pr
oper
ties
8.
LA
RG
ER
TR
EE
S
The
City
’s p
olic
y is
to p
lant
a 2
4” b
ox tr
ee o
f the
des
igna
ted
spec
ies.
The
C
ity w
ill e
stab
lish
proc
edur
es fo
r re
side
nts
to h
ave
larg
er s
peci
men
s of
th
e de
sign
ated
tree
whe
n pl
antin
g oc
curs
in fr
ont o
f the
resi
dent
’s h
ouse
. Th
e re
side
nt c
an o
pt to
mak
e up
the
cost
diff
eren
ce b
etw
een
the
inst
alle
d co
st o
f a s
tand
ard
tree
and
the
inst
alle
d co
st o
f a la
rger
tree
, and
the
City
w
ill p
lant
the
larg
er tr
ee.
9.
TR
EE
SU
PP
LY
To th
e ex
tent
feas
ible
, the
Pub
lic L
ands
cape
Div
isio
n w
ill e
nsur
e ne
w t
ree
stoc
k pl
ante
d in
to S
anta
Mon
ica’
s pu
blic
urb
an f
ores
t m
eets
cu
rren
t in
dust
ry
stan
dard
s,
spec
ifi ca
lly
AN
SI
Z60.
1.
Onl
y tre
es o
f the
hig
hest
qua
lity
shou
ld b
e pl
ante
d. T
his
will
be
achi
eved
by
staf
f sel
ectio
n an
d ap
prov
al o
f new
tree
sto
ck.
10
. S
OIL
RE
SO
UR
CE
Urb
an tr
ees
requ
ire a
cces
s to
suf
fi cie
nt q
ualit
y so
il to
supp
ort h
igh-
leve
l gro
wth
and
func
tion.
Soi
l mus
t be
able
to p
rovi
de a
dequ
ate
wat
er a
nd n
utrie
nts
and
impr
ove
a tre
e’s
resi
lienc
e to
dro
ught
and
pa
thog
en a
ttack
. Th
eref
ore,
the
Pub
lic L
ands
cape
Div
isio
n w
ill
esta
blis
h re
com
men
datio
ns t
o pr
otec
t th
e so
il re
sour
ce d
urin
g co
nstru
ctio
n pr
ojec
ts. T
he in
crea
sed
use
of a
ir to
ols
to d
ecom
pact
so
il an
d th
e ap
plic
atio
n of
org
anic
mul
ch w
ithin
the
root
zon
es o
f tre
es w
ill b
e pr
omot
ed.
Add
ition
al in
form
atio
n on
the
City
’s tr
ee p
lant
ing
reco
mm
enda
tions
an
d pr
otec
tion
of t
rees
dur
ing
cons
truct
ion
can
foun
d in
the
ap
pend
ices
.
10
. IR
RIG
AT
ION
Ade
quat
e w
ater
is
esse
ntia
l to
hea
lthy
tree
grow
th;
how
ever
, it
is r
ecog
nize
d th
at p
otab
le w
ater
is
a va
luab
le a
nd l
imite
d re
sour
ce i
n S
anta
Mon
ica.
To
pres
erve
the
urb
an f
ores
t, th
e C
ity w
ill u
se w
ater
-effi
cien
t irr
igat
ion
tech
nolo
gy.
The
grea
ter
use
of s
torm
wat
er c
aptu
re a
nd r
ecyc
led
wat
er d
istri
butio
n w
ill
be e
ncou
rage
d co
uple
d w
ith in
crea
sed
publ
ic e
duca
tion
on t
he
impo
rtanc
e of
wat
erin
g du
ring
youn
g tre
e es
tabl
ishm
ent
and
supp
ortin
g dr
ough
t-stre
ssed
tree
s.
58
| S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N5
8 |
SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
Ch
ap
ter
2 -
Gu
idin
g P
rin
cip
les
2016
Urba
n For
est M
aster
Plan
is
revis
ed.
2017
Urba
n For
est M
aster
Plan
revis
ions
are a
ppro
ved b
y City
Cou
ncil.
2011
Urba
n For
est M
aster
Plan
is
adop
ted by
City
Cou
ncil.
The
futu
re o
f S
anta
Mon
ica’
s ur
ban
fore
st c
an
be a
ssur
ed a
nd i
ts b
enefi
ts r
ealiz
ed b
y fu
ture
ge
nera
tions
if
City
pol
icy
mak
ers,
sta
ff an
d th
e co
mm
unity
are
res
pons
ible
ste
war
ds.
An
urba
n fo
rest
is
a dy
nam
ic n
atur
al s
yste
m.
The
care
ful
track
ing
of i
ts s
usta
inab
ility
met
rics,
as
deta
iled
in t
his
Mas
ter
Pla
n, w
ill p
rovi
de g
uida
nce
on i
ts
heal
th a
nd fu
nctio
n. P
erio
dic
upda
tes
to th
e go
als,
st
rate
gies
and
sta
ndar
ds in
thi
s M
aste
r P
lan
are
inev
itabl
e to
mee
t th
e ne
eds
of t
he c
omm
unity
, tra
nsce
nd t
he e
ffect
s of
fut
ure
clim
ate
chan
ge
and
inco
rpor
ate
impr
ovem
ents
in
stra
tegi
c tre
e m
anag
emen
t. C
ity s
taff
will
wor
k in
par
tner
ship
with
th
e U
rban
For
est T
ask
Forc
e an
d th
e co
mm
unity
as
a w
hole
to m
axim
ize
the
bene
fi ts
deliv
ered
by
the
urba
n fo
rest
whi
le m
anag
ing
risk
and
rem
aini
ng
fi sca
lly re
spon
sibl
e.
...F
RO
M T
HE
PA
ST
INT
O T
HE
FU
TU
RE
....
LON
G R
AN
GE
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T
TIM
EL
INE
THE
FUTU
RE O
F TH
E U
RBA
N F
ORE
ST SA
NT
A M
ON
ICA
’S U
RB
AN
FO
RE
ST
MA
ST
ER
PL
AN
| 5
9S
AN
TA
MO
NIC
A’S
UR
BA
N F
OR
ES
T M
AS
TE
R P
LA
N |
59
