Sanskrit-English Vocabulary

8/9/2019 Sanskrit-English Vocabulary

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krit-English Vocabulary:

//buddhism.lib.ntu.edu.tw/lesson/fan/sanskrit/skt-dict.htm[13/01/2015 11:29:59 AM]

Sanskrit-English Dictionary

+cam-, acamati (I): to sip, to rinse

+car-, acarati (I): to do, to perform, to practise

+diw- , adiwati (VI): to order

+gam-, agacchati (I): to come

+gam-, caus. agamayati: to let come

+hr-, aharati (I): to bring

+hu-, ahvayati (IV): to call here, to call in

+jba-, caus. ajbapayati: to order

+kram-, akramati (I): to attack

+ni+, anayati (I): to bring

+rabh-, a rabhate (I): to begin with (Acc.)

+ruh-, arohati (I): to ascend, to mount

+wri-, awrayate (I): to depend on, to seek refuge in

bharana-, n.: robe, decoration

bhi+a+as-, abhyasyati (IV): to study, to learn

bhi+nand-, abhinandate (I): to rejoice at, to welcome (Acc.)

bhi+ni-, abhinayati (I): to conduct, to act

bhi+vad-, abhivadati (I): to salute

bhyasa-, m.: repeating, studying

carya-, m.: teacher

dewa-, m.: order

dharma-, m.: unrighteousness

dhastat, adv.: down, under (Gen.)

dhi+i-, caus. adhyapayati: to teach

dhi+stha-, adhitisthati (I): to govern, to rule, to drive

dhika-, Adj.: bigger than (with Abl.)


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dhuna, adv.: now

dya, adv.: today, now

gamana-, n.: coming

gni-, m.: fire

jba-, f.: order

ksa-, n.: eye, dice

li-, m.: bee

maru-, m.: the poet Amaru

mrta-, n.: nectar (the drink of immortality)

nala-, m.: fire

nartha-, m.: poverty

neka-, Adj.: many, much, not one

nila-, m.: wind

nna-, n.: food

nrta-, n.: lie, untruth

nta-, m./n.: end

nta-, m.: end

nu+gam-, anugacchati (I): to follow

nu+stha-, anutisthati (I): to follow, to carry out, to perform

nujba-, f.: agreement

pa+har-, apaharati (I): to take away, to steal

pa+ni-, apanayati (I): to take away

pa+ni-, caus. apanayayati: to lead away

para-, adj.: different, lower

paraddha-, n.: transgression, offence

pi-, part. also, even, even though

ranya-, n.: forest

rdha-, n.: half

ri-, m.: enemy


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rth-, arthayate (X): to ask for (Acc.)

rtha-, m.: meaning, prosperity, wealth

rthe, postp.: for the sake of

rya- , Adj./m.: noble

s-, asyati (IV): to throw

sana-, m.: seat, position

satya-, n.: "un-truth", lie

si-, m.: sword

sura-, m.: demon

ti+kram-, atikramati (I): to cross over, to transgress

tithi-, m.: guest

tra, adv.: here

va+gam-, avagacchati: to understand

va+krt-, avakrntati (VI): to cut off

va+ruh-, avarohati: to descend

wa-, f.: hope

wrama-, m.: hermitage

wru-, n.: tear

wva-, m.: horse

adh-, pass. badhyate: to bind

ahu-, adj.: numerous, abundant, many

ahu-, m.: arm

ala-, m.: boy, child

ala-, n,: power, force, strength

hadra-, n.: bliss, happiness, prosperity

haga- , m.: part

hakti-, f.: devotion

han-, bhanati (I): to say


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hanu-, m.: sun

hara-, m.: burden, load

hartr-, m.: husband

harya-, f,: wife

has-, bhasate (I): to speak, to say

hasa-, f.: language

haya-, m.: fear

haya-, n.: fear

hiks-, bhiksate (I): to beg

hiksa-, f.: alms

hiksu-, m.: Buddhist monk, mendicant, beggar

hojana-, n.: food

hojana-, n.: food

hram-, bhramyati (IV): to wander about

hratr-, m.: brother

hrtaka-, m.: servant

hrtya-, m.: servant

hru-, f.: eyebrow

hu-, bhavati (I): to be, to become

hu-, f.: land, earth, ground

humi-, f.: earth, land, ground

hupala-, m.: ruler

husana-, n.: ornament

huti-, f.: well-being, prosperity

indu-, m.: drop

rahmana-, m.: brahmin

uddha-, m.: Buddha

uddhi-, f.: wisdom

a - ca: both - and


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ar-, carati (I): to walk, to roam, to practise

aru-, adj.: beautiful

et, postposition: if

haya-, f.: shadow, shade

iram, adv.: for the long time

ur-, corayati (X): to steal

a-, caus. dapayati: to let give

a-, pass. diyate: to give

ah-, dahati (I): to burn

ana, n.: gift

and-, dandayati (X): to beat, to punish

anda-, m.: stick, punishment

ardura-, m.: frog

aridra-, adj.: poor

arwana-, n.: seeing, meeting, audience

asa-, m.: servant, slave

asi-, f.: female servant, female slave

atr-, m.: giver

aw-, dawati (I): to bite

eha-, mn.: body

eva, m.: god, lord

evalaya-, m.: temple

evi- , f.: goddess, mistress

ewa-, m.: country

hairya-, n.: patience, courage, firmness

hana, n.: wealth, money

hanya-, n.: grain

harma-, m.: law, righteousness, Law, Buddhism


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hav-, dhavati (I): to run

hi-, f.: thought, reason

hira-, adj.: wise, firm

hrti-, f.: courage, firmness

hya-, dhyayati (IV): to think, to meditate

irgha-, adj.: long, far

iv-, d-vyati (IV): to play

iw-, diwati (VI): to show, to point

osa- , m.: fault, offense

ru-, dravati (I): to run

rw-, caus. darwayati: to show

rw-, pas. drwyate: to look (like), to seem

rw-, pawyati (IV): to see, to look

uhitr-, f.: daughter

uhkha-, n.: suffering

uhkhita- ,adj.: unhappy, distressed

urga-, f.: the goddess Durga

urjana-, m.: bad man, villain

usta-, adj.: bad, rotten

uta-, m.: messenger

vija-, m.: "twice-born", brahmin

vijati-, m.: "twice-born", member of a high caste

va, adv.: just, only

vam, adv.: thus

a-, gayati (IV): to sing

aja-, m.: elephant

am-, gacchati (I): to go

an-, ganayati (X): to count

andha-, m.: scent, fragrance


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ardabha-, m.: donkey

avga-, f.: the river Ganga

hasa-, m.: grass, pasture

hata-, m.: pot, jar

hra- , jighrati (III): to smell

hrta-, n.: clarified butter, ghee

iri-, m.: mountain

ita-, n.: song

opa-, m.: cowherd

ostha-, m.: cowshed

rama, m.: village

rantha-, m.: composition, book (text)

rha-, n.: house

rhastha-, m.: householder

uh-, guhati (I): to hide, to conceal

una-, m.: quality

uru-, m.: teacher, guru

an-, caus. ghatayati: to kill

ari-, m.: personal name

asta-, m.: hand

e, part.: oh!

r-, harati (I): to take, to take away, to carry

rasvam, adv.: near, close, in proximity

rdaya-, n.: heart

u-, hvayati (IV): to call

uta-, n.: oblation, offering

danim, adv.: now

ha, adv. here


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ks-, iksate (I): to look at, to stare

ndra-, m.: Hindu god Indra

ndrani-, f.: Indrani, Indra's wife

s- , icchati (VI): to want, to yearn for

su-, m.: arrow

i, part.: so

va, part.: as, like, as if

wvara-, m.: lord, master, god

ala, n.: water

amatr-, m.: son-in-law

an-, jayate (IV): to be born

ana-, m.: person

anaka-, m.: father

anani- , f.: mother

ati-, f.: birth, caste

aya-, m.: victory, glory

-, jayati (I): to win, to conquer

v- , jivati (I): to live

vana-, n.: life

vita-, n.: life

uhu-, f.: sacrificial ladle

ada, adv.: when?

ala-, m.: time, death

alaha-, m.: quarrel, fight

alena, adv.: sometimes

alidasa-, m.: the poet Kalidasa

alyana-, n.: benefit, goodness

ama-, m.: pleasure, desire

amp-, kampate (I): to shake, to tremble


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anya-, f.: girl, daughter

apota-, m.: pigeon

ara-, m.: hand, elephant's trunk, tax

arana-, n.: cause

astha-, n.: wood

ata-, m.: mat

ath-, kathayati (X): to tell, to narrate

atha-, f.: story

atham, adv.: how?

avi-, m.: poet

avya-, n.: poetry

awi-, f.: the city of Kashi (Varanasi)

had-, khadati (I): to eat

han-, khanati (I): to dig

hara-, m.: donkey

im, adv.: what?, why?

irti-, f.: fame

lp-, kalpate (I): lead towards (Dat.)

opa-, m.: anger

r-, pass. kriyate: to do

rodha-, m.: anger

rs-, krsati (I): to plow, to cultivate (field)

rsi-, f.: agriculture

rsna-, black

rt-, krntati (VI): to cut

rtsna-, adj.: whole

rudh-, krudhyati (IV): to be angry (with Gen. or Dat.)

rwa-, Adj.: thin, emaciated


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sal-, ksalayati (X): to wash

sam-, ksamate: to forgive (what - Acc., to whom - Dat. or Gen.)

sana-, m.: moment

satriya-, m.: kshatriya, fighter

setra-, n.: field

sip-, ksipati (VI): to throw

sira-, n.: milk

umara- , m.: prince, young man

unta-, m.: spear, lance

up-, kupyati (IV): to be angry (with Gen. or Dat.)

upa-, m.: well

utah, adv.: where from? why?

utra, adv.: where?

va, adv.: where?

abh-, labhate (I): to get, to obtain

aksana-, n.: mark, characteristic, sign

aksmi-, f.: the goddess Lakshmi

avgala-, n.: plough

kh-, likhati (VI): to write

p-, limpati (VI): to smear

obha-, m.: greed

oka-, m.: world (in Pl. means also "people")

ubh-, lubhyati (IV): to long for, to desire (with Dat. or Loc.)

up-, lumpati (VI): to steal, to rob

mad-, madyati (IV): to be intoxicated

madhu-, n.: honey

madhye, postp.: between, amongst (with genitive)

maharaja-, m.: great king

maharani-, f.: queen


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mahisa-, m.: buffalo

maksika-, f.: fly

mala-, f.: garland

mam: me (Acc.)

man-, manyate (IV): to think, to suppose

mani-, m.: gem, precious stone

manoratha-, m.: desire

manusya-, m.: person

marana-, n.: death

marga, m.: way, road

masa-, m.: month

matsya-, m.: fish

mauna-, n.: silence

mayura-, m.: peacock

megha-, m.: cloud

mitra-, n.: friend

moha-, m.: delusion

moksa-, m.: deliverance

mr-, caus. marayti: to kill

mr-, mriyate (IV): to die

mrg-, mrgayate (X): to search for

mrg-, mrgayate (X): to search for, to hunt for

mrga-, m.: deer

mrtyu-, m.: death

muc-, mubcati (VI): to free, to discharge

mud-, modate (I): to delight in (Ins.)

mukha-, n.: face, mouth

mukhya-, adj.: main, foremost


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mukti-, f.: deliverance

muni-, m.: sage, saint

murkha-, Adj.: foolish

murti-, f.: image, form, statue

adi- , f.: river

agara, n.: city, town

agari-, f.: city

am-, namati (I): to bow, to prostrate, to worship

amas-, adv.: hail!, glory! (Dat.)

andana-, n.: Indra's paradise

aptr-, m.: grandson

ara-, m.: man

araka-, m.: hell

ari-, f.: woman

ataka-, n.: play, drama

avina-, adj.: new

aw-, nawyati (IV): to be lost, to perish

awa-, m.: destruction, annihilation

etr- ,m.: leader

etra- n.: eye

i-, nayati (I): to lead

i+sad-, nisidati (I): to sit down

i+sev-, nisevate (I): to serve

i+vas-, nivasati (I):to dwell

i+vid-, caus. nivedayati: to announce, to report

ica-, adj.: low

idewa-, m.: order

idhana-, n.: treasure

ih+gam-, nirgacchati (I): to go out


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ih+pad-, nispadyate (IV): to originate, to appear

ija-, adj.: one's, own

ivewana-, n.: dwelling

iwcaya-, m.: decision

rpa-, m.: ruler, king

rpati-, m.: king, ruler

a-, palayati: to protect

a-, pibati (I): to drink

ac- , pacati (I): to cook

ada-, m.: foot, footprint

ada-, n.: step, place

adma-, n.: lotus

al-, palayati (X): to protect

andita-, m.: scholar, learned man

ani-, m.: hand, palm

anini-, m.: the grammarian Panini

apa-, adj.: bad, sinful

apa-, n.: sin

ara-, adj.: highest, different

ara+ji-, parajayati: completely conquer

arawu-, m.: axe

ari+dha-, caus. paridhapayati: to wear

ari+ni-, parinayati: to marry

arthiva-, m.: ruler

arvata- , m.: mountain, hill

at-, caus. patayati: to knock down

at-, patati (I): to fall, to fly

ataliputra-, n.: the city of Pataliputra (Patna)


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ath-, pathati (I): to read, to recite

atha-, m.: lesson, study

athika-, m.: traveler

ati-, m.: Lord, master, husband

atni-, f.: wife

attra-, n.: leaf, letter

aura-, m.: citizen

avitra-, adj.: clean, holy

awa-, m.: snare, trap

awu-, m.: sacrificial animal, cattle

awupalya-, n.: the breeding of cattle

id-, pidayati (X): to torture, to hurt

itamaha-, m.: grandfather

itr-, otec; Du. parents, Pl. ancestors

r-, parayati (X): to overcome

r-, pass. puryate: to fill

r.ch-, prcchati (VI): to ask

ra+arth-, prarthayate: to ask, to beg

ra+as-, prasyati (IV): to throw

ra+bhu-, prabhavati (I): to arise, to appear

ra+jan-, prajayate (IV): to be born

ra+pad-, prapadyate (IV): to go to, to take refuge in (Acc.)

ra+stha-, caus. prasthapayati: to send

ra+stha-, pratisthati: to go away

ra+viw-, pravisati (VI): to enter

ra+vrt-, pravartate (I): to become, to arise

rabhuta-, adj.: manifold, many

raja-, f.: subject, people

rana-, m.: breath, Pl. life


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rasada-, m.: palace

rath-, caus. prathayati: to propagate, to disseminate, to spread

rati: towards (with Acc.)

rati+bhas-, pratibhasate (I): to answer

rati+gam-, pratigacchati (I): to come back, to go back, to return

rati+iks-, pratiksate (I): to await, to expect

rati+sidh-, pratisedhate (I): to prevent, to restrain

rayaga-, m.: the city of Prayaga (modern Ilahabad)

rayawcitta-, n.: expiation, atonement

ri-, caus. prinayati: to please, to delight

rthivi-, f.: earth

uj-, pujayati (X): to honour, to worship, to revere

uja-, f.: worship, homage

unar, adv.: again

unya-, n.: merit

ura-, m.: flood, stream

urana-, n.: old story, Purana (kind of Hindu scripture)

urusa- , m.: man

uspa-, n.: flower

usta-, Adj.: fat

ustaka-, n.: book (manuscript)

utra, m.: son

utri-, f.: daughter

-, rcchati (I): to get, to obtain, to share

ac-, racayati (X): to compose

ajbi-, f.: queen

ajya-, n.: kingdom

aks-, raksati (I): to protect


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aksana-, n.: protection

aksana-, n.: protection

aksitr-, m.: protector

am-, ramate (I): to play

ama-, m.: Rama (personal name)

amayana-, n.: epos Ramayana

ana-, mn.: battle

atha-, m.: chariot

athya-, f.: street

atna-, f,: gem

atna-, n.: jewel, precious stone

awi-, m.: heap, mass, quantity

awmi-, f.: ray

pu-, m.: enemy

ksa-, m.: bear

oga-, m.: illness

si-, m.: seer

uc-, rocate (I): to like (Dat., Gen.)

ud-, rodati (I): to weep

uh-, rohati (I): to grow

upa-, m.: form, beauty

upaka-, n.: coin

abha-, f.: congregation, meeting, assembly

ad-, sidati (I): to sit, to sit down

ada, adv.: always

adhu-, adj.: holy, righteous

adhu-, m.: holy man

agara-, m.: sea

ah-, sahate (I): to bear, to endure


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aha, prep. or postp.: with (with Inst.)

ahasa, adv.: suddenly

ainika-, m.: soldier

ajdigdha-, adj.: doubtful, questionable

ajtosa-, m.: satisfaction, contentedness

am+a+car-, samacarati (I): to perform

am+bhas-, sajbhasate (I): to converse, to talk with (Ins.)

am+gaj-, sajgacchate: to come together

ama-, adj.: same, equal, even

amagra-, adj.: complete, whole

amudra-, m.: ocean, sea

amyak, adv.: well, rightly

arpa-, m.: snake, serpent

arvatah, adv.: everywhere, thoroughly, by all means

arvatra, adv.: everywhere

atya-, n.: truth

enapati-, m.: general, army leader

ev-, sevate (I): to serve, to honour (Acc.)

eva-, f.: service

evaka-, m.: servant

ic-, sibcati (VI): to sprinkle, to discharge

idh-, caus. sadhayati: to accomplish

ijha-, m.: lion

mr-, smarati (I): to remember

mrti-, f.: tradition, Hindu non-vedic scripture

nih-, snihyati (IV): to like (with Gen. or Loc.)

nusa-, f.: daughter-in-law

prw-, sprwati (VI): to touch


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rastr-, m.: creator

rj-, srjati (VI): to create

rsti-, f.: creation

tena-, m.: thief, robber

tha-, tisthati (I): to stand, to stay

totra-, n.: ode, a hymn of praise

tri-, f.: woman

tuti-, f.: praise

ukha-, n.: happiness

ukta-, n.: Vedic hymn

undara-, adj.: beautiful

undari-, f.: beauty

urya-, m.: sun, the god of the Sun

uta-, m.: charioteer

uvarna-, n.: gold

vapna-, m.: sleep, dream

varga-, n.: heaven

vasr-, f.: sister

ad-, tadayati (X): to beat

ada, adv.: then, at that time

aksawila-, f.: the city Takshashila (Taxila)

am-, tamyati (IV): to be disturbed, to grieve (Abl.)

aru-, m.: tree

ata-, m.: daddy

atha, adv.: thus, so

atra, adv.: there

ra-, n.: shore, bank

r-, tarati (I): to cross over

u, part.: but


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ud-, tudati (VI): to strike, to pierce

ul-, tolayati (X): to lift up, to weigh

us-, tusyati (IV): to rejoice, to be satisfied (Ins.)

yaj-, tyajati (I): to leave, to give up

cca-, adj.: high

d+pat-, utpatati: to take off

d+stha-, uttisthati (I): to get up, to stand up

dadhi-, m.: ocean

dyana-, n.: garden

dyana-, n.: garden

dyoga-, m.: exertion, perseverance

pa+diw-, upadiwati (VI): to teach, to instruct, to admonish

pa+iks- , upeksate (I): to neglect

pa+ni-, upanayati: to initiate

pa+viw-, upaviwati (VI): to sit down

padewa-, m.: advice, instruction

rvawi-, f.: the nymph Urvashi

a: or

ac-, pass. ucyate: is called

ad-, vadati (I): to speak, to say

adhu-, f.: woman, wife

ah-, vahati (I): to carry, to blow, to flow

aiwya-, m.: a member of Vaishya caste

akra-, adj.: curved, twisted

aktr-, m.: speaker

ana-, n.: forest

anaprasta-, m.: hermit, recluse

and-, vandate (I): to praise, to pay homage


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anijya-, n.: business, trade

ap-, vapati (I): to sow

api- , f.: pond, pool

ara-, adj.: better, best

ari-, n.: water

aruna-, m.: (Vedic god) Varuna

as-, vasati (I): to dwell

asati-, f.: dwelling

astra-, n.: clothing

asu-, n.: thing, wealth

ayu-, m.: wind

i+ram-, viramate (I): to give up, to abandon (Abl.)

i+vad-, vivadati (I): to argue

ici-, m.: wave

id-, caus. vedayati: to announce, to make known

id-, vindati (VI): to get, to acquire

idhi-, m.: way, mode; rule, direction

idya-, f.: knowledge, wisdom

ihaga-, m.: bird

ihaga-, m.: bird

inaya-, m.: discipline

ipra-, m.: brahmin

ira-, m.: hero

ira-, m.: hero

isnu-, m.: Hindu god Vishnu

ivada-, m.: disputation, argument

iw-, viwati (VI): to enter

iwa-, n.: poison

rana-, n.: wound, sore


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rdh-, caus. vardhayati: to make bigger, to enlarge

rka-, m.: wolf

rksa-, m.: tree

rs-, varsati (I): to rain, to pour down, to shower

rt-, vartate (I): to be, to exist

rt-, vartate (I): to live on

rtha, adv.: in vain, to no avail

rtta-, n.: behavior

rttanta-, n.: story

yadh-, vidhyati (IV): to pierce

yadha-, m.: hunter

yaghra-, m.: tiger

wajs-, wajsati (I): to praise, to extol

wakha-, f.: branch

wam-, wamyati (IV): to be pacified, to be finished

wanti-, f.: peace, silence

wara-, m.: arrow

warana-, n.: refuge

was-, pass. wisyate: to rule, to punish

wastr-, m.: ruler, "punisher"

wastra-, n.: treatise, law-book

watru-, m.: enemy

wikhara-, m.: summit, top

wiks-, wiksate (I): to learn

wiksita-, Adj.: learned

wisya-, m.: student, pupil

wiva-, m.: Shiva

wiwu-, m.: child


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wiwu-, m.: child

wloka-, m.: verse (of two lines in the metre Anustubh)

wobha-, f.: splendor, brilliance, beauty

wobhana-, n.: ornament, virtue

wraddha-, m.: ceremony for the sake of dead relatives, oblation for them

wram-, wramyati (IV): to become tired

wri- , f.: luck, beauty, wealth

wru-, caus. wravayati: to tell ("to make hear")

wru-, pass. wruyate: to hear

wruti-, f.: Vedic scripture

wubh-, wobhate (I): to shine

wuc-, wocate (I): to regret (Abl.)

wudra-, m.: Shudra (low-caste)

wus-, wusyati (IV): to dry out

wvas, adv.: tomorrow

wvawru-, f.: mother-in-law

wvawura-, m.: father-in-law

wveta-, adj.: white

a-, rel. pron.: which

ada, adv.: when (relative)

aj-, yajati (I): to sacrifice

aj-, yajati (I): to sacrifice

ajba-, m.: sacrifice

am-, yacchati (I): to give

amuna-, f.: the river Yamuna

at-, yatate (I): to strive for (Dat.)

atha, adv.: how, as (relative)

ati-, m.: ascetic

atra, adv.: where (relative)


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avat-tavat: whenthen, as far as

oga-, m.: yoga

uddha-, m.: war

udh-, yudhyati (IV): to fight

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Sanskrit-English Vocabulary