Sand Loads Iraq

7/25/2019 Sand Loads Iraq

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Vol.5, No.10, 1084-1094 (2013) Natural Sciencehttp://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ns.2013.510133

Sand and dust storm events in Iraq

Varoujan K. Sissakian1

, Nadhir Al-Ansari2*

, Sven Knutsson2

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ABSTRACT

Iraq is one of the most affected countries in the

Middle East concerning the occurrences of sand

and dust storms. The frequency of the occur-

rence has increased drastically in the last dec-

ade and it is increasing continuously. The events

of sand and dust storms are either regional or

local. The former, however, is more frequent than

the latter. The regional event, generally extends

outside the Iraqi territory, into different direc-

tions, but usually covers part of Syria, crossing

the Iraqi territory towards Kuwait and Saudi Ara-

bia, and/or towards the Arabian Gulf, and less

frequently extends to Iran. The main causes in

the development of sand and dust storms, in

Iraq are discussed. The causes are also eitherregional or local. The former, however, causes

more economic losses and harsh effect on the

humans health, as compared with the latter. One

of the main reasons behind the development of

sand and dust storms is the climatic changes

within the region, especially the drastic decrease

in the annual rate of rain fall, besides environ-

mental changes, such as drying of the marshes,

land degradation, and desertification. From the

local causes, the most effective reason is the ha-

phazard driving and military operations, espe-

cially in the Iraqi Southern Desert. Prudent man-

agement of water resources by using non-con-

ventional resources and adapting suitable irriga-

tion methods can greatly help to overcome this

phenomenon and minimize the number of dust

storm.

Keywords:Dust; Dust Storm; Climatic Changes;

Iraq

1. INTRODUCTION

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2. SAND AND DUST STORMS

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6. DUSCUSSION

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Sand Loads Iraq